client/ui: open main window on tray left-click on Linux

KDE Plasma routes a tray left-click to the SNI Activate method (right-click
opens the context menu), but NetBird wired no Activate action, so on KDE a
left-click appeared completely dead while only right-click surfaced the menu.

Bind the Linux tray OnClick handler to ShowWindow(). OpenMenu() is not an
option on Linux: Wails v3 leaves linuxSystemTray.openMenu unimplemented (it
only logs), so left-click→OpenMenu would still do nothing on KDE. ShowWindow()
is the same call Windows already runs from its double-click handler, and it
does not reproduce the macOS OpenMenu freeze (c77e5cef8) — that came from
NSStatusItem's blocking embedded menu loop, whereas Show/Focus return
immediately.

Split the Linux click handler into its own tray_click_linux.go and narrow the
macOS no-op bindTrayClick build tag accordingly. The context menu stays on
right-click on every host. On hosts that already open the menu on left-click
natively (GNOME Shell + AppIndicator) left-click now opens the window instead;
the menu remains on right-click.

.github/workflows/golang-test-darwin.yml

@@ -45,11 +45,13 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -coverprofile=coverage.txt -tags=devcert -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined)
+        # Exclude client/ui: its main.go uses //go:embed all:frontend/dist,
+        # which fails to compile until the frontend has been built. The Wails UI
+        # has no Go-side unit tests, and its release pipeline runs `pnpm build`
+        # before goreleaser.
+        # `go list -e` lets the listing succeed even though the embed fails to
+        # resolve; the grep then drops the broken package by path. Without -e,
+        # go list aborts with empty stdout and `go test` falls back to the repo
+        # root, which has no Go files.
+        run: NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=devcert -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 $(go list -e ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined -e /client/ui)
 
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,client

.github/workflows/golang-test-linux.yml

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-4-dev libwebkitgtk-6.0-dev libsoup-3.0-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
 
       - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ jobs:
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-4-dev libwebkitgtk-6.0-dev libsoup-3.0-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
 
       - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
         if: matrix.arch == '386'
@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -coverprofile=coverage.txt -tags "devcert integration" -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined)
-
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,client
+        # Exclude client/ui: its main.go uses //go:embed all:frontend/dist,
+        # which fails to compile until the frontend has been built. The Wails UI
+        # has no Go-side unit tests, and its release pipeline runs `pnpm build`
+        # before goreleaser.
+        # `go list -e` lets the listing succeed even though the embed fails to
+        # resolve; the grep then drops the broken package by path. Without -e,
+        # go list aborts with empty stdout and `go test` falls back to the repo
+        # root, which has no Go files.
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list -e ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined -e /client/ui)
 
   test_client_on_docker:
     name: "Client (Docker) / Unit"
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ jobs:
             sh -c ' \
               apk update; apk add --no-cache \
                 ca-certificates iptables ip6tables dbus dbus-dev libpcap-dev build-base; \
-              go test -buildvcs=false -tags "devcert integration" -v -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list -buildvcs=false ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined -e /client/ui -e /upload-server)
+              go test -buildvcs=false -tags devcert -v -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list -e -buildvcs=false ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined -e /client/ui -e /upload-server)
             '
 
   test_relay:
@@ -284,17 +284,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           go test ${{ matrix.raceFlag }} \
-            -exec 'sudo' -coverprofile=coverage.txt \
+            -exec 'sudo' \
             -timeout 10m -p 1 ./relay/... ./shared/relay/...
 
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,relay
-
   test_proxy:
     name: "Proxy / Unit"
     needs: [build-cache]
@@ -342,15 +334,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
-          go test -timeout 10m -p 1 -coverprofile=coverage.txt ./proxy/...
-
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,proxy
+          go test -timeout 10m -p 1 ./proxy/...
 
   test_signal:
     name: "Signal / Unit"
@@ -401,17 +385,9 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           go test \
-            -exec 'sudo' -coverprofile=coverage.txt \
+            -exec 'sudo' \
             -timeout 10m ./signal/... ./shared/signal/...
 
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,signal
-
   test_management:
     name: "Management / Unit"
     needs: [build-cache]
@@ -477,18 +453,10 @@ jobs:
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
             CI=true \
-          go test -tags=devcert -coverprofile=coverage.txt \
+          go test -tags=devcert \
             -exec "sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE" \
             -timeout 20m ./management/... ./shared/management/...
 
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: unit,management
-
   benchmark:
     name: "Management / Benchmark"
     needs: [build-cache]
@@ -727,14 +695,6 @@ jobs:
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
           CI=true \
-          go test -tags=integration -coverprofile=coverage.txt \
+          go test -tags=integration \
           -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
           -timeout 20m ./management/server/http/...
-
-      - name: Upload coverage reports to Codecov
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@e79a6962e0d4c0c17b229090214935d2e33f8354 #v6.0.1
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
-          slug: netbirdio/netbird
-          flags: integration,management

.github/workflows/golang-test-windows.yml

@@ -65,8 +65,15 @@ jobs:
       - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe env -w GOCACHE=${{ env.modcache }}
       - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe mod tidy
       - name: Generate test script
+        # Exclude client/ui: its main.go uses //go:embed all:frontend/dist,
+        # which fails to compile until the frontend has been built. The Wails UI
+        # has no Go-side unit tests, and its release pipeline runs `pnpm build`
+        # before goreleaser.
+        # `go list -e` lets the listing succeed even though the embed fails to
+        # resolve; the Where-Object pipeline then drops the broken package by
+        # path. Without -e, go list aborts with empty stdout.
         run: |
-          $packages = go list ./... | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/management' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/relay' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/signal' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/proxy' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/combined' }
+          $packages = go list -e ./... | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/management' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/relay' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/signal' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/proxy' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/combined' } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/client/ui' }
           $goExe = "C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe"
           $cmd = "$goExe test -tags=devcert -timeout 10m -p 1 $($packages -join ' ') > test-out.txt 2>&1"
           Set-Content -Path "${{ github.workspace }}\run-tests.cmd" -Value $cmd

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ jobs:
         uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@8f01853be192eb0f849a5c7d721450e7a467c579 # v2.2
         with:
           ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,iif,groupd,testin,groupe,cros,ans,deriver,te,userA,ede,additionals
-          skip: go.mod,go.sum,**/proxy/web/**
+          # Non-English UI translations trip codespell on real foreign words
+          # (de: "Sie", "oder", "ist"). Only en/common.json is the source of
+          # truth that should be spell-checked. Add each new locale dir here
+          # when a language is added under client/ui/i18n/locales/.
+          skip: go.mod,go.sum,**/proxy/web/**,**/pnpm-lock.yaml,**/package-lock.json,client/ui/i18n/locales/de/**,client/ui/i18n/locales/hu/**
   golangci:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -54,7 +58,16 @@ jobs:
           cache: false
       - name: Install dependencies
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-4-dev libwebkitgtk-6.0-dev libsoup-3.0-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
+      - name: Stub Wails frontend bundle
+        # client/ui/main.go has //go:embed all:frontend/dist. The
+        # directory is produced by `pnpm run build` and is gitignored, so
+        # lint-only runs (no frontend toolchain) need a placeholder file
+        # for the embed pattern to match.
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p client/ui/frontend/dist
+          touch client/ui/frontend/dist/.embed-placeholder
       - name: golangci-lint
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@82606bf257cbaff209d206a39f5134f0cfbfd2ee #v9.2.1
         with:

.github/workflows/proto-version-check.yml

@@ -20,30 +20,15 @@ jobs:
               per_page: 100,
             });
 
-            // Cover renamed .pb.go files in addition to plain edits.
-            // Renamed entries land under the new path with previous_filename
-            // pointing at the base-side name, so we read the base content
-            // from the old path when present.
-            const changedPbFiles = files
-              .filter(f => (f.status === 'modified' || f.status === 'renamed')
-                && f.filename.endsWith('.pb.go'))
-              .map(f => ({
-                headPath: f.filename,
-                basePath: f.previous_filename || f.filename,
-              }));
-            if (changedPbFiles.length === 0) {
-              console.log('No modified or renamed .pb.go files to check');
+            const modifiedPbFiles = files.filter(
+              f => f.filename.endsWith('.pb.go') && f.status === 'modified'
+            );
+            if (modifiedPbFiles.length === 0) {
+              console.log('No modified .pb.go files to check');
               return;
             }
 
-            // Matches the generator version headers protoc writes at the top
-            // of generated files:
-            //   //   protoc           v3.21.12
-            //   //   protoc-gen-go    v1.26.0
-            //   // - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.6.1   (grpc files prefix with "- ")
-            // The optional "- " prefix and the optional -gen-go / -gen-go-grpc
-            // suffixes keep the *_grpc.pb.go headers in scope.
-            const versionPattern = /^\s*\/\/\s+(?:-\s+)?protoc(?:-gen-go(?:-grpc)?)?\s+v[\d.]+/;
+            const versionPattern = /^\s*\/\/\s+protoc(?:-gen-go)?\s+v[\d.]+/;
             const baseSha = context.payload.pull_request.base.sha;
             const headSha = context.payload.pull_request.head.sha;
 
@@ -70,22 +55,20 @@ jobs:
             }
 
             const violations = [];
-            for (const file of changedPbFiles) {
+            for (const file of modifiedPbFiles) {
               const [base, head] = await Promise.all([
-                getVersionHeader(file.basePath, baseSha),
-                getVersionHeader(file.headPath, headSha),
+                getVersionHeader(file.filename, baseSha),
+                getVersionHeader(file.filename, headSha),
               ]);
               if (!base.ok || !head.ok) {
                 core.warning(
-                  `Skipping ${file.headPath}: base=${base.ok ? 'ok' : base.reason}, head=${head.ok ? 'ok' : head.reason}`
+                  `Skipping ${file.filename}: base=${base.ok ? 'ok' : base.reason}, head=${head.ok ? 'ok' : head.reason}`
                 );
                 continue;
               }
               if (base.lines.join('\n') !== head.lines.join('\n')) {
                 violations.push({
-                  file: file.basePath === file.headPath
-                    ? file.headPath
-                    : `${file.basePath} → ${file.headPath}`,
+                  file: file.filename,
                   base: base.lines,
                   head: head.lines,
                 });

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install goversioninfo
         run: go install github.com/josephspurrier/goversioninfo/cmd/goversioninfo@233067e
       - name: Generate windows syso amd64
-        run: goversioninfo  -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_amd64.syso
+        run: goversioninfo  -icon client/ui/build/windows/icon.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_amd64.syso
       - name: Generate windows syso arm64
-        run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_arm64.syso
+        run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/build/windows/icon.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_arm64.syso
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         id: goreleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
@@ -356,8 +356,18 @@ jobs:
       - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '22'
+
+      - name: Set up pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v3
+        with:
+          version: 11
+
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libappindicator3-dev gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 libxxf86vm-dev gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-4-dev libwebkitgtk-6.0-dev libsoup-3.0-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64
 
       - name: Decode GPG signing key
         if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
@@ -376,10 +386,16 @@ jobs:
           echo "/tmp/llvm-mingw-20250709-ucrt-ubuntu-22.04-x86_64/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
       - name: Install goversioninfo
         run: go install github.com/josephspurrier/goversioninfo/cmd/goversioninfo@233067e
+      - name: Install wails3 CLI
+        # Version derived from go.mod so the binding generator always matches
+        # the wails runtime the binary links against.
+        run: |
+          WAILS_VERSION=$(go list -m -f '{{.Version}}' github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3)
+          go install github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/cmd/wails3@$WAILS_VERSION
       - name: Generate windows syso amd64
-        run: goversioninfo -64 -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/ui/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_amd64.syso
+        run: goversioninfo -64 -icon client/ui/build/windows/icon.ico -manifest client/ui/build/windows/wails.exe.manifest -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_amd64.syso
       - name: Generate windows syso arm64
-        run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/ui/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_arm64.syso
+        run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/build/windows/icon.ico -manifest client/ui/build/windows/wails.exe.manifest -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_arm64.syso
 
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
@@ -447,6 +463,20 @@ jobs:
         run: go mod tidy
       - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '22'
+      - name: Set up pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v3
+        with:
+          version: 11
+      - name: Install wails3 CLI
+        # Version derived from go.mod so the binding generator always matches
+        # the wails runtime the binary links against.
+        run: |
+          WAILS_VERSION=$(go list -m -f '{{.Version}}' github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3)
+          go install github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/cmd/wails3@$WAILS_VERSION
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         id: goreleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
@@ -534,23 +564,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Move wintun.dll into dist
         run: mv ${{ env.downloadPath }}\wintun\bin\${{ matrix.wintun_arch }}\wintun.dll ${{ github.workspace }}\dist\${{ env.PackageWorkdir }}\
 
-      - name: Download Mesa3D (amd64 only)
-        id: download-mesa3d
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
-        with:
-          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/mesa3d/MesaForWindows-x64-20.1.8.7z
-          destination: ${{ env.downloadPath }}\mesa3d.7z
-          sha256: 71c7cb64ec229a1d6b8d62fa08e1889ed2bd17c0eeede8689daf0f25cb31d6b9
-
-      - name: Extract Mesa3D driver (amd64 only)
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        run: 7z x -o"${{ env.downloadPath }}" "${{ env.downloadPath }}/mesa3d.7z"
-
-      - name: Move opengl32.dll into dist (amd64 only)
-        if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
-        run: mv ${{ env.downloadPath }}\opengl32.dll ${{ github.workspace }}\dist\${{ env.PackageWorkdir }}\
-
       - name: Download EnVar plugin for NSIS
         uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
@@ -573,6 +586,28 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
         run: 7z x -o"${{ github.workspace }}/NSIS_Plugins" "${{ github.workspace }}/ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z"
 
+      - name: Set up Go for wails3 CLI
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "go.mod"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Install wails3 CLI
+        # Version derived from go.mod so the bootstrapper payload always
+        # matches the wails runtime the binary links against.
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          WAILS_VERSION=$(go list -m -f '{{.Version}}' github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3)
+          go install github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/cmd/wails3@$WAILS_VERSION
+
+      - name: Stage WebView2 bootstrapper for installers
+        # Both client/installer.nsis and client/netbird.wxs reference
+        # client/MicrosoftEdgeWebview2Setup.exe. wails3 writes it there.
+        # The signing pipeline (netbirdio/sign-pipelines) does the same
+        # step for release builds; this mirrors it for PR sanity testing.
+        shell: bash
+        run: wails3 generate webview2bootstrapper -dir client
+
       - name: Build NSIS installer
         shell: pwsh
         env:

.github/workflows/wasm-build-validation.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
       - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-4-dev libwebkitgtk-6.0-dev libsoup-3.0-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
       - name: Install golangci-lint
         uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@82606bf257cbaff209d206a39f5134f0cfbfd2ee #v9.2.1
         with:

.golangci.yaml

@@ -114,6 +114,16 @@ linters:
       - linters:
           - staticcheck
         text: "QF1012"
+      # client/ui/main.go uses //go:embed all:frontend/dist; the
+      # directory is populated by `pnpm build` in the release pipeline
+      # and missing at lint time, so the embed parses to "no matching
+      # files found" — surfaced by golangci-lint's typecheck pre-pass.
+      # Suppress just that one diagnostic; the rest of the package
+      # (services/, tray.go, grpc.go, ...) still gets linted normally.
+      - linters:
+          - typecheck
+        path: client/ui/main\.go
+        text: "pattern all:frontend/dist"
     paths:
       - third_party$
       - builtin$

.goreleaser_ui.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 version: 2
 
 project_name: netbird-ui
+
+before:
+  hooks:
+    # Bindings are gitignored; regenerate before the frontend build so
+    # the @wailsio/runtime Vite plugin can resolve them (vite refuses to
+    # build without them).
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui && wails3 generate bindings -clean=true -ts'
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui/frontend && pnpm install --frozen-lockfile && pnpm build'
+
 builds:
   - id: netbird-ui
     dir: client/ui
@@ -70,12 +79,15 @@ nfpms:
     scripts:
       postinstall: "release_files/ui-post-install.sh"
     contents:
-      - src: client/ui/build/netbird.desktop
+      - src: client/ui/build/linux/netbird.desktop
         dst: /usr/share/applications/netbird.desktop
-      - src: client/ui/assets/netbird.png
+      - src: client/ui/build/appicon.png
         dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
     dependencies:
       - netbird
+      - libgtk-3-0
+      - libwebkit2gtk-4.1-0
+      - libayatana-appindicator3-1
 
   - maintainer: Netbird <dev@netbird.io>
     description: Netbird client UI.
@@ -89,12 +101,15 @@ nfpms:
     scripts:
       postinstall: "release_files/ui-post-install.sh"
     contents:
-      - src: client/ui/build/netbird.desktop
+      - src: client/ui/build/linux/netbird.desktop
         dst: /usr/share/applications/netbird.desktop
-      - src: client/ui/assets/netbird.png
+      - src: client/ui/build/appicon.png
         dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
     dependencies:
       - netbird
+      - gtk3
+      - webkit2gtk4.1
+      - libayatana-appindicator-gtk3
     rpm:
       signature:
         key_file: '{{ if index .Env "GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE" }}{{ .Env.GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE }}{{ end }}'

.goreleaser_ui_darwin.yaml

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 version: 2
 
 project_name: netbird-ui
+
+before:
+  hooks:
+    # Bindings are gitignored; regenerate before the frontend build so
+    # the @wailsio/runtime Vite plugin can resolve them (vite refuses to
+    # build without them).
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui && wails3 generate bindings -clean=true -ts'
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui/frontend && pnpm install --frozen-lockfile && pnpm build'
+
 builds:
   - id: netbird-ui-darwin
     dir: client/ui
@@ -20,8 +29,6 @@ builds:
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
     mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
-    tags:
-      - load_wgnt_from_rsrc
 
 universal_binaries:
   - id: netbird-ui-darwin

client/cmd/login.go

@@ -22,11 +22,19 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
+// extendSessionFlag drives the `netbird login --extend` flow: refresh the
+// SSO session expiry on the management server without tearing down the
+// tunnel. Mutually exclusive with setup-key login (a setup-key cannot
+// refresh an SSO-tracked peer — see auth.errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer).
+var extendSessionFlag bool
+
 func init() {
 	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&noBrowser, noBrowserFlag, false, noBrowserDesc)
 	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&showQR, showQRFlag, false, showQRDesc)
 	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&profileName, profileNameFlag, "", profileNameDesc)
 	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&configPath, "config", "c", "", "(DEPRECATED) Netbird config file location")
+	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&extendSessionFlag, "extend", false,
+		"refresh the SSO session expiry without tearing down the tunnel (requires an active connection)")
 }
 
 var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
@@ -61,6 +69,16 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			return err
 		}
 
+		if extendSessionFlag {
+			if providedSetupKey != "" {
+				return fmt.Errorf("--extend cannot be combined with a setup key; setup keys can only enrol new peers")
+			}
+			if err := doExtendSession(ctx, cmd); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("extend session failed: %v", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+
 		// workaround to run without service
 		if util.FindFirstLogPath(logFiles) == "" {
 			if err := doForegroundLogin(ctx, cmd, providedSetupKey, activeProf); err != nil {
@@ -150,6 +168,65 @@ func doDaemonLogin(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, providedSetupKey str
 	return nil
 }
 
+// doExtendSession drives the daemon's RequestExtendAuthSession /
+// WaitExtendAuthSession pair. The user is sent through a regular SSO flow
+// (browser + verification URL) and the resulting JWT is forwarded to the
+// management server's ExtendAuthSession RPC. The tunnel stays up
+// throughout — no Down/Up, no network-map resync.
+func doExtendSession(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
+	conn, err := DialClientGRPCServer(ctx, daemonAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		//nolint
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to daemon error: %v\n"+
+			"If the daemon is not running please run: "+
+			"\nnetbird service install \nnetbird service start\n", err)
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+
+	req := &proto.RequestExtendAuthSessionRequest{}
+	// Pre-fill the IdP login hint from the active profile so the user
+	// doesn't have to retype their email. Best-effort: we still proceed
+	// without a hint if the lookup fails.
+	pm := profilemanager.NewProfileManager()
+	if active, perr := pm.GetActiveProfile(); perr == nil {
+		if profState, sperr := pm.GetProfileState(active.Name); sperr == nil && profState.Email != "" {
+			req.Hint = &profState.Email
+		}
+	}
+
+	startResp, err := client.RequestExtendAuthSession(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("start extend session: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	uri := startResp.GetVerificationURIComplete()
+	if uri == "" {
+		uri = startResp.GetVerificationURI()
+	}
+	openURL(cmd, uri, startResp.GetUserCode(), noBrowser, showQR)
+
+	waitResp, err := client.WaitExtendAuthSession(ctx, &proto.WaitExtendAuthSessionRequest{
+		DeviceCode: startResp.GetDeviceCode(),
+		UserCode:   startResp.GetUserCode(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wait for extend session: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if ts := waitResp.GetSessionExpiresAt(); ts.IsValid() && !ts.AsTime().IsZero() {
+		deadline := ts.AsTime().Local()
+		cmd.Printf("Session extended. New expiry: %s\n", deadline.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05 MST"))
+	} else {
+		// Management reported the peer is not eligible (e.g. login
+		// expiration disabled on the account). Surface that fact
+		// instead of pretending the call succeeded.
+		cmd.Println("Session extension call completed, but the management server did not return a new deadline (peer may not be SSO-tracked or login expiration is disabled).")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func getActiveProfile(ctx context.Context, pm *profilemanager.ProfileManager, profileName string, username string) (*profilemanager.Profile, error) {
 	// switch profile if provided
 

client/cmd/status.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
@@ -117,6 +118,11 @@ func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		profName = activeProf.Name
 	}
 
+	var sessionExpiresAt time.Time
+	if ts := resp.GetSessionExpiresAt(); ts.IsValid() {
+		sessionExpiresAt = ts.AsTime().UTC()
+	}
+
 	var outputInformationHolder = nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(resp.GetFullStatus(), nbstatus.ConvertOptions{
 		Anonymize:            anonymizeFlag,
 		DaemonVersion:        resp.GetDaemonVersion(),
@@ -127,6 +133,7 @@ func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		IPsFilter:            ipsFilterMap,
 		ConnectionTypeFilter: connectionTypeFilter,
 		ProfileName:          profName,
+		SessionExpiresAt:     sessionExpiresAt,
 	})
 	var statusOutputString string
 	switch {

client/cmd/version.go

@@ -12,13 +12,7 @@ var (
 		Short: "Print the NetBird's client application version",
 		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 			cmd.SetOut(cmd.OutOrStdout())
-			out := version.NetbirdVersion()
-			if version.IsDevelopmentVersion(out) {
-				if commit := version.NetbirdCommit(); commit != "" {
-					out += "-" + commit
-				}
-			}
-			cmd.Println(out)
+			cmd.Println(version.NetbirdVersion())
 		},
 	}
 )

client/embed/embed.go

@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ func (c *Client) Status() (peer.FullStatus, error) {
 	if connect != nil {
 		engine := connect.Engine()
 		if engine != nil {
-			_ = engine.RunHealthProbes(false)
+			_ = engine.RunHealthProbes(context.Background(), false)
 		}
 	}
 

client/firewall/allower_other.go

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-//go:build android || (!linux && !windows)
-
-package firewall
-
-import "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
-
-// interfaceAllower returns no allower: these platforms have no host firewall to
-// open for the interface.
-func interfaceAllower(IFaceMapper, uint16) uspfilter.InterfaceAllower {
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/allower_windows.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-//go:build windows
-
-package firewall
-
-import "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
-
-// interfaceAllower returns the Windows netsh-based interface allower.
-func interfaceAllower(iface IFaceMapper, _ uint16) uspfilter.InterfaceAllower {
-	return uspfilter.NewWindowsInterfaceAllower(iface)
-}

client/firewall/create.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime"
 
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
 	nftypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow/types"
@@ -19,11 +21,13 @@ func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, _ *statemanager.Manager, flowLogger nftypes.
 	}
 
 	// use userspace packet filtering firewall
-	return uspfilter.Create(uspfilter.Config{
-		IFace:               iface,
-		DisableServerRoutes: disableServerRoutes,
-		FlowLogger:          flowLogger,
-		MTU:                 mtu,
-		InterfaceAllower:    interfaceAllower(iface, mtu),
-	})
+	fm, err := uspfilter.Create(iface, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = fm.AllowNetbird()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %v", err)
+	}
+	return fm, nil
 }

client/firewall/create_linux.go

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	nbnftables "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/nftables"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
 	nftypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
@@ -30,107 +29,47 @@ const (
 	NFTABLES
 )
 
-// SkipNftablesEnv is the environment variable to skip nftables check
-const SkipNftablesEnv = "NB_SKIP_NFTABLES_CHECK"
-
-// errNoFirewallManager indicates no kernel firewall backend is present,
-// as opposed to a backend that exists but failed to create or initialize.
-var errNoFirewallManager = errors.New("no firewall manager found")
+// SKIP_NFTABLES_ENV is the environment variable to skip nftables check
+const SKIP_NFTABLES_ENV = "NB_SKIP_NFTABLES_CHECK"
 
 // FWType is the type for the firewall type
 type FWType int
 
 func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, disableServerRoutes bool, mtu uint16) (firewall.Manager, error) {
-	// Userspace firewall without a native counterpart: routing is handled
-	// entirely in userspace. The interface is opened in the kernel's foreign
-	// filter chains via a table-less allower, except in netstack mode where no
-	// kernel interface exists.
-	if netstack.IsEnabled() || (iface.IsUserspaceBind() && forceUserspaceFirewall()) {
-		if netstack.IsEnabled() {
-			log.Info("netstack mode, using userspace firewall")
-		} else {
-			log.Info("forcing userspace firewall")
-		}
-		cfg := uspfilter.Config{
-			IFace:               iface,
-			DisableServerRoutes: disableServerRoutes,
-			FlowLogger:          flowLogger,
-			MTU:                 mtu,
-			InterfaceAllower:    interfaceAllower(iface, mtu),
-		}
-
-		return uspfilter.Create(cfg)
+	// We run in userspace mode and force userspace firewall was requested. We don't attempt native firewall.
+	if iface.IsUserspaceBind() && forceUserspaceFirewall() {
+		log.Info("forcing userspace firewall")
+		return createUserspaceFirewall(iface, nil, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
 	}
 
 	// Use native firewall for either kernel or userspace, the interface appears identical to netfilter
-	fm, err := createNativeFirewall(iface, stateManager, mtu)
-	switch {
-	case err == nil && !iface.IsUserspaceBind():
-		// Nothing to do, fall through
-	case err == nil && iface.IsUserspaceBind():
-		// Native firewall handles packet filtering, but the userspace WireGuard bind
-		// needs a device filter for DNS interception hooks. Install a minimal
-		// hooks-only filter that passes all traffic through to the kernel firewall.
-		if err := iface.SetFilter(&uspfilter.HooksFilter{}); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to set hooks filter, DNS via memory hooks will not work: %v", err)
-		}
-	case err != nil && !iface.IsUserspaceBind():
-		// Kernel cannot fall back to anything else, need to return error
-		return nil, err
-	case err != nil && iface.IsUserspaceBind():
-		// Fall back to the userspace packet filter if native is unavailable
-		logNativeFirewallUnavailable(err)
-		return uspfilter.Create(uspfilter.Config{
-			IFace:               iface,
-			DisableServerRoutes: disableServerRoutes,
-			FlowLogger:          flowLogger,
-			MTU:                 mtu,
-			InterfaceAllower:    interfaceAllower(iface, mtu),
-		})
+	fm, err := createNativeFirewall(iface, stateManager, disableServerRoutes, mtu)
+
+	// Kernel cannot fall back to anything else, need to return error
+	if !iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
+		return fm, err
+	}
+
+	// Fall back to the userspace packet filter if native is unavailable
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to create native firewall: %v. Proceeding with userspace", err)
+		return createUserspaceFirewall(iface, nil, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+	}
+
+	// Native firewall handles packet filtering, but the userspace WireGuard bind
+	// needs a device filter for DNS interception hooks. Install a minimal
+	// hooks-only filter that passes all traffic through to the kernel firewall.
+	if err := iface.SetFilter(&uspfilter.HooksFilter{}); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to set hooks filter, DNS via memory hooks will not work: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	return fm, nil
 }
 
-// interfaceAllower selects how the userspace firewall opens the interface in
-// foreign kernel chains: nftables when available (which also opens foreign nft
-// tables), else iptables (the legacy fallback, filter INPUT only), else nil.
-// firewalld trust is applied separately by the manager. Netstack has no kernel
-// interface to open.
-func interfaceAllower(iface IFaceMapper, mtu uint16) uspfilter.InterfaceAllower {
-	if netstack.IsEnabled() {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	nftAllower, err := nbnftables.NewInterfaceAllower(iface, mtu)
-	if err == nil {
-		return nftAllower
-	}
-	log.Infof("no nftables interface allower: %v", err)
-
-	iptAllower, err := nbiptables.NewInterfaceAllower(iface)
-	if err == nil {
-		return iptAllower
-	}
-	log.Infof("no iptables interface allower: %v", err)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// logNativeFirewallUnavailable logs the fallback to userspace at info level
-// when no kernel firewall backend exists, and at warn level otherwise.
-func logNativeFirewallUnavailable(err error) {
-	if errors.Is(err, errNoFirewallManager) {
-		log.Infof("no native firewall backend available: %v. Proceeding with userspace", err)
-	} else {
-		log.Warnf("failed to create native firewall: %v. Proceeding with userspace", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func createNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager, mtu uint16) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func createNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager, routes bool, mtu uint16) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	fm, err := createFW(iface, mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create firewall: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create firewall: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	if err = fm.Init(stateManager); err != nil {
@@ -149,10 +88,29 @@ func createFW(iface IFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 		log.Info("creating an nftables firewall manager")
 		return nbnftables.Create(iface, mtu)
 	default:
-		return nil, errNoFirewallManager
+		log.Info("no firewall manager found, trying to use userspace packet filtering firewall")
+		return nil, errors.New("no firewall manager found")
 	}
 }
 
+func createUserspaceFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, fm firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, mtu uint16) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+	var errUsp error
+	if fm != nil {
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface, fm, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+	} else {
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.Create(iface, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+	}
+
+	if errUsp != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create userspace firewall: %s", errUsp)
+	}
+
+	if err := fm.AllowNetbird(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %v", err)
+	}
+	return fm, nil
+}
+
 // check returns the firewall type based on common lib checks. It returns UNKNOWN if no firewall is found.
 func check() FWType {
 	useIPTABLES := false
@@ -174,38 +132,35 @@ func check() FWType {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// Honor the skip env before probing nftables at all.
-	if os.Getenv(SkipNftablesEnv) != "true" {
-		nf := nftables.Conn{}
-		if chains, err := nf.ListChains(); err == nil {
-			if !useIPTABLES {
+	nf := nftables.Conn{}
+	if chains, err := nf.ListChains(); err == nil && os.Getenv(SKIP_NFTABLES_ENV) != "true" {
+		if !useIPTABLES {
+			return NFTABLES
+		}
+
+		// search for chains where table is filter
+		// if we find one, we assume that nftables manager can be used with iptables
+		for _, chain := range chains {
+			if chain.Table.Name == "filter" {
 				return NFTABLES
 			}
+		}
 
-			// search for chains where table is filter
-			// if we find one, we assume that nftables manager can be used with iptables
-			for _, chain := range chains {
-				if chain.Table.Name == "filter" {
-					return NFTABLES
-				}
-			}
-
-			// check tables for the following constraints:
-			// 1. there is no chain in nftables for the filter table and there is at least one chain in iptables, we assume that nftables manager can not be used
-			// 2. there is no tables or more than one table, we assume that nftables manager can be used
-			// 3. there is only one table and its name is filter, we assume that nftables manager can not be used, since there was no chain in it
-			// 4. if we find an error we log and continue with iptables check
-			nbTablesList, err := nf.ListTables()
-			switch {
-			case err == nil && len(iptablesChains) > 0:
-				return IPTABLES
-			case err == nil && len(nbTablesList) != 1:
-				return NFTABLES
-			case err == nil && len(nbTablesList) == 1 && nbTablesList[0].Name == "filter":
-				return IPTABLES
-			case err != nil:
-				log.Errorf("failed to list nftables tables on fw manager discovery: %s", err)
-			}
+		// check tables for the following constraints:
+		// 1. there is no chain in nftables for the filter table and there is at least one chain in iptables, we assume that nftables manager can not be used
+		// 2. there is no tables or more than one table, we assume that nftables manager can be used
+		// 3. there is only one table and its name is filter, we assume that nftables manager can not be used, since there was no chain in it
+		// 4. if we find an error we log and continue with iptables check
+		nbTablesList, err := nf.ListTables()
+		switch {
+		case err == nil && len(iptablesChains) > 0:
+			return IPTABLES
+		case err == nil && len(nbTablesList) != 1:
+			return NFTABLES
+		case err == nil && len(nbTablesList) == 1 && nbTablesList[0].Name == "filter":
+			return IPTABLES
+		case err != nil:
+			log.Errorf("failed to list nftables tables on fw manager discovery: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -221,21 +176,15 @@ func isIptablesClientAvailable(client *iptables.IPTables) bool {
 	return err == nil
 }
 
-// forceUserspaceFirewall reports whether the userspace firewall is forced.
-// NB_FORCE_USERSPACE_ROUTER is an alias: forcing userspace routing implies the
-// userspace firewall, since the two are no longer separable.
 func forceUserspaceFirewall() bool {
-	return envForceBool(EnvForceUserspaceFirewall) || envForceBool(uspfilter.EnvForceUserspaceRouter)
-}
-
-func envForceBool(name string) bool {
-	val := os.Getenv(name)
+	val := os.Getenv(EnvForceUserspaceFirewall)
 	if val == "" {
 		return false
 	}
+
 	force, err := strconv.ParseBool(val)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", name, err)
+		log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvForceUserspaceFirewall, err)
 		return false
 	}
 	return force

client/firewall/iptables/acl_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,554 @@
+package iptables
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	ipset "github.com/lrh3321/ipset-go"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
+)
+
+const (
+	tableName = "filter"
+
+	// rules chains contains the effective ACL rules
+	chainNameInputRules = "NETBIRD-ACL-INPUT"
+
+	// mangleFwdKey is the entries map key for mangle FORWARD guard rules that prevent
+	// external DNAT from bypassing ACL rules.
+	mangleFwdKey = "MANGLE-FORWARD"
+)
+
+type aclEntries map[string][][]string
+
+type entry struct {
+	spec     []string
+	position int
+}
+
+type aclManager struct {
+	iptablesClient  *iptables.IPTables
+	wgIface         iFaceMapper
+	entries         aclEntries
+	optionalEntries map[string][]entry
+	ipsetStore      *ipsetStore
+	v6              bool
+
+	stateManager *statemanager.Manager
+}
+
+func newAclManager(iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*aclManager, error) {
+	return &aclManager{
+		iptablesClient:  iptablesClient,
+		wgIface:         wgIface,
+		entries:         make(map[string][][]string),
+		optionalEntries: make(map[string][]entry),
+		ipsetStore:      newIpsetStore(),
+		v6:              iptablesClient.Proto() == iptables.ProtocolIPv6,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	m.stateManager = stateManager
+
+	m.seedInitialEntries()
+	m.seedInitialOptionalEntries()
+
+	if err := m.cleanChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clean chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.createDefaultChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create default chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) AddPeerFiltering(
+	id []byte,
+	ip net.IP,
+	protocol firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+	chain := chainNameInputRules
+
+	ipsetName = transformIPsetName(ipsetName, sPort, dPort, action)
+	if m.v6 && ipsetName != "" {
+		ipsetName += "-v6"
+	}
+	proto := protoForFamily(protocol, m.v6)
+	specs := filterRuleSpecs(ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
+
+	mangleSpecs := slices.Clone(specs)
+	mangleSpecs = append(mangleSpecs,
+		"-i", m.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-m", "addrtype", "--dst-type", "LOCAL",
+		"-j", "MARK", "--set-xmark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
+	)
+
+	specs = append(specs, "-j", actionToStr(action))
+	if ipsetName != "" {
+		if ipList, ipsetExists := m.ipsetStore.ipset(ipsetName); ipsetExists {
+			if err := m.addToIPSet(ipsetName, ip); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("add IP to ipset: %w", err)
+			}
+			// if ruleset already exists it means we already have the firewall rule
+			// so we need to update IPs in the ruleset and return new fw.Rule object for ACL manager.
+			ipList.addIP(ip.String())
+			return []firewall.Rule{&Rule{
+				ruleID:    uuid.New().String(),
+				ipsetName: ipsetName,
+				ip:        ip.String(),
+				chain:     chain,
+				specs:     specs,
+				v6:        m.v6,
+			}}, nil
+		}
+
+		if err := m.flushIPSet(ipsetName); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrSetNotExist) {
+				log.Debugf("flush ipset %s before use: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			} else {
+				log.Errorf("flush ipset %s before use: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := m.createIPSet(ipsetName); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create ipset: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := m.addToIPSet(ipsetName, ip); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add IP to ipset: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		ipList := newIpList(ip.String())
+		m.ipsetStore.addIpList(ipsetName, ipList)
+	}
+
+	ok, err := m.iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chain, specs...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to check rule: %w", err)
+	}
+	if ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rule already exists")
+	}
+
+	// Insert DROP rules at the beginning, append ACCEPT rules at the end
+	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+		// Insert at the beginning of the chain (position 1)
+		err = m.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chain, 1, specs...)
+	} else {
+		err = m.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chain, specs...)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if err := m.iptablesClient.Append(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, mangleSpecs...); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to add mangle rule: %v", err)
+		mangleSpecs = nil
+	}
+
+	rule := &Rule{
+		ruleID:      uuid.New().String(),
+		specs:       specs,
+		mangleSpecs: mangleSpecs,
+		ipsetName:   ipsetName,
+		ip:          ip.String(),
+		chain:       chain,
+		v6:          m.v6,
+	}
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return []firewall.Rule{rule}, nil
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *aclManager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid rule type")
+	}
+
+	shouldDestroyIpset := false
+	if ipsetList, ok := m.ipsetStore.ipset(r.ipsetName); ok {
+		// delete IP from ruleset IPs list and ipset
+		if _, ok := ipsetList.ips[r.ip]; ok {
+			ip := net.ParseIP(r.ip)
+			if ip == nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("parse IP %s", r.ip)
+			}
+			if err := m.delFromIPSet(r.ipsetName, ip); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("delete ip from ipset: %w", err)
+			}
+			delete(ipsetList.ips, r.ip)
+		}
+
+		// if after delete, set still contains other IPs,
+		// no need to delete firewall rule and we should exit here
+		if len(ipsetList.ips) != 0 {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// we delete last IP from the set, that means we need to delete
+		// set itself and associated firewall rule too
+		m.ipsetStore.deleteIpset(r.ipsetName)
+		shouldDestroyIpset = true
+	}
+
+	if err := m.iptablesClient.Delete(tableName, r.chain, r.specs...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %s, %v: %w", r.chain, r.specs, err)
+	}
+
+	if r.mangleSpecs != nil {
+		if err := m.iptablesClient.Delete(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, r.mangleSpecs...); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to delete mangle rule: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if shouldDestroyIpset {
+		if err := m.destroyIPSet(r.ipsetName); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrBusy) || errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrSetNotExist) {
+				log.Debugf("destroy empty ipset: %v", err)
+			} else {
+				log.Errorf("destroy empty ipset: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) Reset() error {
+	if err := m.cleanChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clean chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// todo write less destructive cleanup mechanism
+func (m *aclManager) cleanChains() error {
+	ok, err := m.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableName, chainNameInputRules)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to list chains: %s", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	if ok {
+		for _, rule := range m.entries["INPUT"] {
+			err := m.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableName, "INPUT", rule...)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		for _, rule := range m.entries["FORWARD"] {
+			err := m.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableName, "FORWARD", rule...)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		err = m.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableName, chainNameInputRules)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("failed to clear and delete %s chain: %s", chainNameInputRules, err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	ok, err = m.iptablesClient.ChainExists("mangle", "PREROUTING")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list chains: %w", err)
+	}
+	if ok {
+		for _, rule := range m.entries["PREROUTING"] {
+			err := m.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists("mangle", "PREROUTING", rule...)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, rule := range m.entries[mangleFwdKey] {
+		if err := m.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainFORWARD, rule...); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to delete mangle FORWARD guard rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, ipsetName := range m.ipsetStore.ipsetNames() {
+		if err := m.flushIPSet(ipsetName); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrSetNotExist) {
+				log.Debugf("flush ipset %q during reset: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			} else {
+				log.Errorf("flush ipset %q during reset: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := m.destroyIPSet(ipsetName); err != nil {
+			if errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrBusy) || errors.Is(err, ipset.ErrSetNotExist) {
+				log.Debugf("destroy ipset %q during reset: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			} else {
+				log.Errorf("destroy ipset %q during reset: %v", ipsetName, err)
+			}
+		}
+		m.ipsetStore.deleteIpset(ipsetName)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) createDefaultChains() error {
+	// chain netbird-acl-input-rules
+	if err := m.iptablesClient.NewChain(tableName, chainNameInputRules); err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to create '%s' chain: %s", chainNameInputRules, err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for chainName, rules := range m.entries {
+		// mangle FORWARD guard rules are handled separately below
+		if chainName == mangleFwdKey {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, rule := range rules {
+			if err := m.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, chainName, 1, rule...); err != nil {
+				log.Debugf("failed to create input chain jump rule: %s", err)
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for chainName, entries := range m.optionalEntries {
+		for _, entry := range entries {
+			if err := m.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, chainName, entry.position, entry.spec...); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to insert optional entry %v: %v", entry.spec, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			m.entries[chainName] = append(m.entries[chainName], entry.spec)
+		}
+	}
+	clear(m.optionalEntries)
+
+	// Insert mangle FORWARD guard rules to prevent external DNAT bypass.
+	for _, rule := range m.entries[mangleFwdKey] {
+		if err := m.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainFORWARD, rule...); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to add mangle FORWARD guard rule: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// seedInitialEntries adds default rules to the entries map, rules are inserted on pos 1, hence the order is reversed.
+// We want to make sure our traffic is not dropped by existing rules.
+
+// The existing FORWARD rules/policies decide outbound traffic towards our interface.
+// In case the FORWARD policy is set to "drop", we add an established/related rule to allow return traffic for the inbound rule.
+func (m *aclManager) seedInitialEntries() {
+	established := getConntrackEstablished()
+
+	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
+	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainNameInputRules})
+	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", append([]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name()}, established...))
+
+	// Inbound is handled by our ACLs, the rest is dropped.
+	// For outbound we respect the FORWARD policy. However, we need to allow established/related traffic for inbound rules.
+	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
+
+	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainRTFWDOUT})
+	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainRTFWDIN})
+
+	// Mangle FORWARD guard: when external DNAT redirects traffic from the wg interface, it
+	// traverses FORWARD instead of INPUT, bypassing ACL rules. ACCEPT rules in filter FORWARD
+	// can be inserted above ours. Mangle runs before filter, so these guard rules enforce the
+	// ACL mark check where it cannot be overridden.
+	m.appendToEntries(mangleFwdKey, []string{
+		"-i", m.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED",
+		"-j", "ACCEPT",
+	})
+	m.appendToEntries(mangleFwdKey, []string{
+		"-i", m.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "DNAT",
+		"-m", "mark", "!", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
+		"-j", "DROP",
+	})
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) seedInitialOptionalEntries() {
+	m.optionalEntries["FORWARD"] = []entry{
+		{
+			spec:     []string{"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected), "-j", "ACCEPT"},
+			position: 2,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) appendToEntries(chainName string, spec []string) {
+	m.entries[chainName] = append(m.entries[chainName], spec)
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) updateState() {
+	if m.stateManager == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var currentState *ShutdownState
+	if existing := m.stateManager.GetState(currentState); existing != nil {
+		if existingState, ok := existing.(*ShutdownState); ok {
+			currentState = existingState
+		}
+	}
+	if currentState == nil {
+		currentState = &ShutdownState{}
+	}
+
+	currentState.Lock()
+	defer currentState.Unlock()
+
+	if m.v6 {
+		currentState.ACLEntries6 = m.entries
+		currentState.ACLIPsetStore6 = m.ipsetStore
+	} else {
+		currentState.ACLEntries = m.entries
+		currentState.ACLIPsetStore = m.ipsetStore
+	}
+
+	if err := m.stateManager.UpdateState(currentState); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// filterRuleSpecs returns the specs of a filtering rule
+// protoForFamily translates ICMP to ICMPv6 for ip6tables.
+// ip6tables requires "ipv6-icmp" (or "icmpv6") instead of "icmp".
+func protoForFamily(protocol firewall.Protocol, v6 bool) string {
+	if v6 && protocol == firewall.ProtocolICMP {
+		return "ipv6-icmp"
+	}
+	return string(protocol)
+}
+
+func filterRuleSpecs(ip net.IP, protocol string, sPort, dPort *firewall.Port, action firewall.Action, ipsetName string) (specs []string) {
+	// don't use IP matching if IP is 0.0.0.0
+	matchByIP := !ip.IsUnspecified()
+
+	if matchByIP {
+		if ipsetName != "" {
+			specs = append(specs, "-m", "set", "--match-set", ipsetName, "src")
+		} else {
+			specs = append(specs, "-s", ip.String())
+		}
+	}
+	if protocol != "all" {
+		specs = append(specs, "-p", protocol)
+	}
+	specs = append(specs, applyPort("--sport", sPort)...)
+	specs = append(specs, applyPort("--dport", dPort)...)
+	return specs
+}
+
+func actionToStr(action firewall.Action) string {
+	if action == firewall.ActionAccept {
+		return "ACCEPT"
+	}
+	return "DROP"
+}
+
+func transformIPsetName(ipsetName string, sPort, dPort *firewall.Port, action firewall.Action) string {
+	if ipsetName == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	actionSuffix := ""
+	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+		actionSuffix = "-drop"
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case sPort != nil && dPort != nil:
+		return ipsetName + "-sport-dport" + actionSuffix
+	case sPort != nil:
+		return ipsetName + "-sport" + actionSuffix
+	case dPort != nil:
+		return ipsetName + "-dport" + actionSuffix
+	default:
+		return ipsetName + actionSuffix
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) createIPSet(name string) error {
+	opts := ipset.CreateOptions{
+		Replace: true,
+	}
+	if m.v6 {
+		opts.Family = ipset.FamilyIPV6
+	}
+
+	if err := ipset.Create(name, ipset.TypeHashNet, opts); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create ipset %s: %w", name, err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("created ipset %s with type hash:net", name)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) addToIPSet(name string, ip net.IP) error {
+	cidr := uint8(32)
+	if ip.To4() == nil {
+		cidr = 128
+	}
+
+	entry := &ipset.Entry{
+		IP:      ip,
+		CIDR:    cidr,
+		Replace: true,
+	}
+
+	if err := ipset.Add(name, entry); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add IP to ipset %s: %w", name, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) delFromIPSet(name string, ip net.IP) error {
+	cidr := uint8(32)
+	if ip.To4() == nil {
+		cidr = 128
+	}
+
+	entry := &ipset.Entry{
+		IP:   ip,
+		CIDR: cidr,
+	}
+
+	if err := ipset.Del(name, entry); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete IP from ipset %s: %w", name, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) flushIPSet(name string) error {
+	return ipset.Flush(name)
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) destroyIPSet(name string) error {
+	return ipset.Destroy(name)
+}

client/firewall/iptables/chains_linux.go

@@ -1,352 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
-)
-
-func (r *family) createContainers() error {
-	for _, chainInfo := range []struct {
-		chain string
-		table string
-	}{
-		{chainRTFwdIn, tableFilter},
-		{chainRTFwdOut, tableFilter},
-		{chainRTPre, tableMangle},
-		{chainRTNAT, tableNat},
-		{chainRTRdr, tableNat},
-		{chainRTMSSClamp, tableMangle},
-	} {
-		// Fallback: clear chains that survived an unclean shutdown.
-		if ok, _ := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain); ok {
-			if err := r.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain); err != nil {
-				log.Warnf("clear stale chain %s in %s: %v", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err)
-			}
-		}
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.NewChain(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("create chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.insertEstablishedRule(chainRTFwdIn); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("insert established rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.insertEstablishedRule(chainRTFwdOut); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("insert established rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.addPostroutingRules(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add static nat rules: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.addJumpRules(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add jump rules: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.addMSSClampingRules(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to add MSS clamping rules: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addJumpRules() error {
-	// Jump to nat chain
-	natRule := []string{"-j", chainRTNAT}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainPostrouting, 1, natRule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add nat postrouting jump rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[jumpNATPost] = natRule
-
-	// Jump to mangle prerouting chain
-	preRule := []string{"-j", chainRTPre}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableMangle, chainPrerouting, 1, preRule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add mangle prerouting jump rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[jumpManglePre] = preRule
-
-	// Jump to nat prerouting chain
-	rdrRule := []string{"-j", chainRTRdr}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainPrerouting, 1, rdrRule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add nat prerouting jump rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[jumpNATPre] = rdrRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) setupDataPlaneMark() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	preRule := []string{
-		"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "NEW",
-		"-j", "CONNMARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.DataPlaneMarkIn),
-	}
-
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainPrerouting, preRule...); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add mangle prerouting rule: %w", err))
-	} else {
-		r.rules[markManglePre] = preRule
-	}
-
-	postRule := []string{
-		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "NEW",
-		"-j", "CONNMARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.DataPlaneMarkOut),
-	}
-
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainPostrouting, postRule...); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add mangle postrouting rule: %w", err))
-	} else {
-		r.rules[markManglePost] = postRule
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// seedInitialEntries adds default rules to the entries map. Rules are
-// inserted at position 1, so the order here is reversed.
-//
-// Existing FORWARD policy decides outbound traffic towards our
-// interface. If FORWARD policy is "drop", we add an
-// established/related rule to allow return traffic for inbound rules.
-func (r *family) seedInitialEntries() {
-	established := getConntrackEstablished()
-
-	r.appendToEntries(chainInput, []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
-	r.appendToEntries(chainInput, []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainACLInput})
-	r.appendToEntries(chainInput, append([]string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name()}, established...))
-
-	r.appendToEntries(chainForward, []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
-	r.appendToEntries(chainForward, []string{"-o", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainRTFwdOut})
-	r.appendToEntries(chainForward, []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainRTFwdIn})
-
-	// Mangle FORWARD guard: when external DNAT redirects traffic from
-	// the wg interface, it traverses FORWARD instead of INPUT,
-	// bypassing ACL rules. ACCEPT rules in filter FORWARD can be
-	// inserted above ours. Mangle runs before filter, so these guard
-	// rules enforce the ACL mark check where it cannot be overridden.
-	r.appendToEntries(mangleForwardKey, []string{
-		"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED",
-		"-j", "ACCEPT",
-	})
-	r.appendToEntries(mangleForwardKey, []string{
-		"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "DNAT",
-		"-m", "mark", "!", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
-		"-j", "DROP",
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) seedInitialOptionalEntries() {
-	r.optionalEntries[chainForward] = []entry{
-		{
-			spec:     []string{"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected), "-j", "ACCEPT"},
-			position: 2,
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) appendToEntries(chain chainKey, spec ruleSpec) {
-	r.entries[chain] = append(r.entries[chain], spec)
-}
-
-func (r *family) createDefaultChains() error {
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.NewChain(tableName, chainACLInput); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create %s chain: %w", chainACLInput, err)
-	}
-
-	for chain, rules := range r.entries {
-		// mangle FORWARD guard rules are handled separately below
-		if chain == mangleForwardKey {
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, rule := range rules {
-			if err := r.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, string(chain), 1, rule...); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("insert jump rule into %s: %w", chain, err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for chain, entries := range r.optionalEntries {
-		for _, entry := range entries {
-			if err := r.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, string(chain), entry.position, entry.spec...); err != nil {
-				log.Errorf("failed to insert optional entry %v: %v", entry.spec, err)
-				continue
-			}
-			r.entries[chain] = append(r.entries[chain], entry.spec)
-		}
-	}
-	clear(r.optionalEntries)
-
-	// Insert mangle FORWARD guard rules to prevent external DNAT bypass.
-	for _, rule := range r.entries[mangleForwardKey] {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainForward, rule...); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to add mangle FORWARD guard rule: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanUpDefaultForwardRules() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	// cleanJumpRules removes the OUTPUT jump to NETBIRD-NAT-OUTPUT among
-	// the others, so the chain below deletes cleanly instead of failing
-	// with "device or resource busy".
-	if err := r.cleanJumpRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("clean jump rules: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	for _, chainInfo := range []struct {
-		chain string
-		table string
-	}{
-		{chainRTFwdIn, tableFilter},
-		{chainRTFwdOut, tableFilter},
-		{chainRTPre, tableMangle},
-		{chainRTNAT, tableNat},
-		{chainRTRdr, tableNat},
-		{chainNATOutput, tableNat},
-		{chainRTMSSClamp, tableMangle},
-	} {
-		ok, err := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain)
-		if err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("check chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err))
-			continue
-		}
-		if ok {
-			if err := r.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain); err != nil {
-				merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("clear and delete chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err))
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanJumpRules() error {
-	// locations maps each tracked jump rule to the built-in table and
-	// chain it was inserted into.
-	locations := map[firewall.RuleID]struct{ table, chain string }{
-		jumpNATPost:   {tableNat, chainPostrouting},
-		jumpManglePre: {tableMangle, chainPrerouting},
-		jumpNATPre:    {tableNat, chainPrerouting},
-		jumpMSSClamp:  {tableMangle, chainForward},
-		jumpNATOutput: {tableNat, chainOutput},
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for ruleID, loc := range locations {
-		rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]
-		if !exists {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(loc.table, loc.chain, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete rule from chain %s in table %s: %w", loc.chain, loc.table, err))
-			continue
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanAclChains() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if err := r.cleanInputAclChain(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.cleanPreroutingEntries(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range r.entries[mangleForwardKey] {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainForward, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete mangle %s guard rule %v: %w", chainForward, rule, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanInputAclChain() error {
-	ok, err := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableName, chainACLInput)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("check chain %s: %w", chainACLInput, err)
-	}
-	if !ok {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, rule := range r.entries[chainInput] {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableName, chainInput, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete %s rule %v: %w", chainInput, rule, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range r.entries[chainForward] {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableName, chainForward, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete %s rule %v: %w", chainForward, rule, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableName, chainACLInput); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("clear and delete %s chain: %w", chainACLInput, err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanPreroutingEntries() error {
-	ok, err := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableMangle, chainPrerouting)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("check chain %s in %s: %w", chainPrerouting, tableMangle, err)
-	}
-	if !ok {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, rule := range r.entries[chainPrerouting] {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainPrerouting, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete %s rule %v: %w", chainPrerouting, rule, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) cleanupDataPlaneMark() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if preRule, exists := r.rules[markManglePre]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainPrerouting, preRule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove mangle prerouting rule: %w", err))
-		} else {
-			delete(r.rules, markManglePre)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if postRule, exists := r.rules[markManglePost]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainPostrouting, postRule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove mangle postrouting rule: %w", err))
-		} else {
-			delete(r.rules, markManglePost)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}

client/firewall/iptables/dnat_linux.go

@@ -1,285 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-func (r *family) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix]; exists {
-		return rule, nil
-	}
-
-	toDestination := rule.TranslatedAddress.String()
-	switch {
-	case len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 0:
-		// no translated port, use original port
-	case len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 1:
-		toDestination += fmt.Sprintf(":%d", rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0])
-	case rule.TranslatedPort.IsRange && len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 2:
-		// need the "/originalport" suffix to avoid dnat port randomization
-		toDestination += fmt.Sprintf(":%d-%d/%d", rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0], rule.TranslatedPort.Values[1], rule.DestinationPort.Values[0])
-	default:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid translated port: %v", rule.TranslatedPort)
-	}
-
-	proto := strings.ToLower(string(rule.Protocol))
-
-	rules := make(map[firewall.RuleID]ruleInfo, 3)
-
-	// DNAT rule
-	dnatRule := []string{
-		"!", "-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-p", proto,
-		"-j", "DNAT",
-		"--to-destination", toDestination,
-	}
-	dnatRule = append(dnatRule, applyPort("--dport", &rule.DestinationPort)...)
-	rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix] = ruleInfo{
-		table: tableNat,
-		chain: chainRTRdr,
-		rule:  dnatRule,
-	}
-
-	// SNAT rule
-	snatRule := []string{
-		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-p", proto,
-		"-d", rule.TranslatedAddress.String(),
-		"-j", "MASQUERADE",
-	}
-	snatRule = append(snatRule, applyPort("--dport", &rule.TranslatedPort)...)
-	rules[ruleID+snatSuffix] = ruleInfo{
-		table: tableNat,
-		chain: chainRTNAT,
-		rule:  snatRule,
-	}
-
-	// Forward filtering rule, if fwd policy is DROP
-	forwardRule := []string{
-		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-p", proto,
-		"-d", rule.TranslatedAddress.String(),
-		"-j", "ACCEPT",
-	}
-	forwardRule = append(forwardRule, applyPort("--dport", &rule.TranslatedPort)...)
-	rules[ruleID+fwdSuffix] = ruleInfo{
-		table: tableFilter,
-		chain: chainRTFwdOut,
-		rule:  forwardRule,
-	}
-
-	// Request forwarding once the rule is about to be installed, releasing
-	// it if installation fails so the refcount tracks the real rules.
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	for key, ruleInfo := range rules {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(ruleInfo.table, ruleInfo.chain, ruleInfo.rule...); err != nil {
-			if rollbackErr := r.rollbackRules(rules); rollbackErr != nil {
-				log.Errorf("rollback failed: %v", rollbackErr)
-			}
-			r.releaseForwarding()
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add rule %s: %w", key, err)
-		}
-		r.rules[key] = ruleInfo.rule
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return rule, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) rollbackRules(rules map[firewall.RuleID]ruleInfo) error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for key, ruleInfo := range rules {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(ruleInfo.table, ruleInfo.chain, ruleInfo.rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("rollback rule %s: %w", key, err))
-			// On rollback error, add to rules map for next cleanup
-			r.rules[key] = ruleInfo.rule
-		}
-	}
-	if merr != nil {
-		r.updateState()
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	var found bool
-	if dnatRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix]; exists {
-		found = true
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableNat, chainRTRdr, dnatRule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete DNAT rule: %w", err))
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID+dnatSuffix)
-	}
-
-	if snatRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID+snatSuffix]; exists {
-		found = true
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableNat, chainRTNAT, snatRule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete SNAT rule: %w", err))
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID+snatSuffix)
-	}
-
-	if fwdRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID+fwdSuffix]; exists {
-		found = true
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableFilter, chainRTFwdOut, fwdRule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete forward rule: %w", err))
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID+fwdSuffix)
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-
-	// Release once, only if the rule was present and removed.
-	if merr == nil && found {
-		r.releaseForwarding()
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// releaseForwarding drops one IP forwarding reference, logging any error.
-func (r *family) releaseForwarding() {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("release IP forwarding: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) AddInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("inbound-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	dnatRule := []string{
-		"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-p", strings.ToLower(protoForFamily(protocol, r.v6)),
-		"--dport", strconv.Itoa(int(originalPort)),
-		"-d", localAddr.String(),
-		"-m", "addrtype", "--dst-type", "LOCAL",
-		"-j", "DNAT",
-		"--to-destination", ":" + strconv.Itoa(int(translatedPort)),
-	}
-
-	info := ruleInfo{
-		table: tableNat,
-		chain: chainRTRdr,
-		rule:  dnatRule,
-	}
-
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(info.table, info.chain, info.rule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add inbound DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[ruleID] = info.rule
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveInboundDNAT removes an inbound DNAT rule.
-func (r *family) RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("inbound-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if dnatRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableNat, chainRTRdr, dnatRule...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("delete inbound DNAT rule: %w", err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ensureNATOutputChain lazily creates the OUTPUT NAT chain and jump rule on first use.
-func (r *family) ensureNATOutputChain() error {
-	if _, exists := r.rules[jumpNATOutput]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	chainExists, err := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableNat, chainNATOutput)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("check chain %s: %w", chainNATOutput, err)
-	}
-	if !chainExists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.NewChain(tableNat, chainNATOutput); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("create chain %s: %w", chainNATOutput, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	jumpRule := []string{"-j", chainNATOutput}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainOutput, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
-		if !chainExists {
-			if delErr := r.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableNat, chainNATOutput); delErr != nil {
-				log.Warnf("failed to rollback chain %s: %v", chainNATOutput, delErr)
-			}
-		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("add OUTPUT jump rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[jumpNATOutput] = jumpRule
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// AddOutputDNAT adds an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule for locally-generated traffic.
-func (r *family) AddOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("output-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.ensureNATOutputChain(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	dnatRule := []string{
-		"-p", strings.ToLower(protoForFamily(protocol, localAddr.Is6())),
-		"--dport", strconv.Itoa(int(originalPort)),
-		"-d", localAddr.String(),
-		"-j", "DNAT",
-		"--to-destination", ":" + strconv.Itoa(int(translatedPort)),
-	}
-
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableNat, chainNATOutput, dnatRule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add output DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[ruleID] = dnatRule
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveOutputDNAT removes an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule.
-func (r *family) RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("output-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if dnatRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableNat, chainNATOutput, dnatRule...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("delete output DNAT rule: %w", err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/iptables/family_linux.go

@@ -1,253 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"maps"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbid "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/ipfwdstate"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/refcounter"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
-)
-
-// constants needed to manage and create iptable rules
-const (
-	tableFilter = "filter"
-	tableName   = tableFilter
-	tableNat    = "nat"
-	tableMangle = "mangle"
-
-	// chainACLInput is the peer ACL chain that holds installed
-	// peer-filtering rules.
-	chainACLInput = "NETBIRD-ACL-INPUT"
-
-	// mangleForwardKey is the entries map key for mangle FORWARD guard
-	// rules that prevent external DNAT from bypassing ACL rules.
-	mangleForwardKey chainKey = "MANGLE-FORWARD"
-
-	chainInput       = "INPUT"
-	chainPostrouting = "POSTROUTING"
-	chainPrerouting  = "PREROUTING"
-	chainForward     = "FORWARD"
-	chainRTNAT       = "NETBIRD-RT-NAT"
-	chainRTFwdIn     = "NETBIRD-RT-FWD-IN"
-	chainRTFwdOut    = "NETBIRD-RT-FWD-OUT"
-	chainRTPre       = "NETBIRD-RT-PRE"
-	chainRTRdr       = "NETBIRD-RT-RDR"
-	chainNATOutput   = "NETBIRD-NAT-OUTPUT"
-	chainRTMSSClamp  = "NETBIRD-RT-MSSCLAMP"
-
-	jumpManglePre  = "jump-mangle-pre"
-	jumpNATPre     = "jump-nat-pre"
-	jumpNATPost    = "jump-nat-post"
-	jumpNATOutput  = "jump-nat-output"
-	jumpMSSClamp   = "jump-mss-clamp"
-	markManglePre  = "mark-mangle-pre"
-	markManglePost = "mark-mangle-post"
-	matchSet       = "--match-set"
-
-	dnatSuffix firewall.RuleID = "_dnat"
-	snatSuffix firewall.RuleID = "_snat"
-	fwdSuffix  firewall.RuleID = "_fwd"
-
-	// ipv4TCPHeaderSize is the minimum IPv4 (20) + TCP (20) header size for MSS calculation.
-	ipv4TCPHeaderSize = 40
-	// ipv6TCPHeaderSize is the minimum IPv6 (40) + TCP (20) header size for MSS calculation.
-	ipv6TCPHeaderSize = 60
-)
-
-type ruleInfo struct {
-	chain string
-	table string
-	rule  []string
-}
-
-type routeRules map[firewall.RuleID][]string
-
-// ruleSpec is a single iptables rule expressed as its argument list
-// (e.g. {"-i", "wg0", "-j", "DROP"}).
-type ruleSpec []string
-
-// chainKey identifies the chain a seeded entry belongs to. It holds
-// built-in chain names ("INPUT", "FORWARD", "PREROUTING") plus the
-// synthetic mangleForwardKey bucket for the mangle FORWARD guard rules.
-type chainKey string
-
-// aclEntries maps a chain to the rules seeded into it to jump into or
-// guard the netbird ACL chains.
-type aclEntries map[chainKey][]ruleSpec
-
-type entry struct {
-	spec     ruleSpec
-	position int
-}
-
-// ipsetCounter is the shared hash:net refcounter used by peer and
-// route ACLs alike. The ipset library does not support comments, so
-// the key is just the set name (string).
-type ipsetCounter = refcounter.Counter[string, []netip.Prefix, struct{}]
-
-// family holds the per-address-family iptables state. One instance
-// handles route ACLs, peer ACLs, NAT, DNAT, and MSS clamping for a
-// single family; the top-level Manager owns one for v4 and another
-// for v6.
-type family struct {
-	iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables
-	wgIface        iFaceMapper
-	v6             bool
-
-	// Peer ACL chain bookkeeping.
-	entries         aclEntries
-	optionalEntries map[chainKey][]entry
-
-	// filters holds peer + route filter rules keyed by content hash.
-	// AddFilterRule writes here; DeleteFilterRule looks up by id.
-	filters      map[nbid.RuleID]*Rule
-	ipsetCounter *ipsetCounter
-
-	// rules holds NAT, jump, and MSS-clamping rules (auxiliary
-	// plumbing that isn't a filter rule).
-	rules routeRules
-
-	// Routing / NAT.
-	legacyManagement bool
-	mtu              uint16
-	ipFwdState       *ipfwdstate.IPForwardingState
-
-	stateManager *statemanager.Manager
-}
-
-func newFamily(iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables, wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (*family, error) {
-	r := &family{
-		iptablesClient:  iptablesClient,
-		wgIface:         wgIface,
-		v6:              iptablesClient.Proto() == iptables.ProtocolIPv6,
-		entries:         make(aclEntries),
-		optionalEntries: make(map[chainKey][]entry),
-		filters:         make(map[nbid.RuleID]*Rule),
-		rules:           make(routeRules),
-		mtu:             mtu,
-		ipFwdState:      ipfwdstate.NewIPForwardingState(),
-	}
-
-	r.ipsetCounter = refcounter.New(
-		func(name string, sources []netip.Prefix) (struct{}, error) {
-			return struct{}{}, r.createIpSet(name, sources)
-		},
-		func(name string, _ struct{}) error {
-			return r.deleteIpSet(name)
-		},
-	)
-
-	return r, nil
-}
-
-// init wires the family to the state manager and installs both the
-// route ACL containers and the peer ACL chain skeleton.
-func (r *family) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
-	r.stateManager = stateManager
-
-	if err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.createContainers(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.setupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to set up data plane mark: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	r.seedInitialEntries()
-	r.seedInitialOptionalEntries()
-
-	if err := r.cleanAclChains(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("clean acl chains: %w", err)
-	}
-	if err := r.createDefaultChains(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create default chains: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Reset tears down all firewall state owned by this family. ACL
-// chain cleanup runs before route-chain cleanup because the route
-// chains are still referenced by FORWARD jumps installed during
-// seedInitialEntries; deleting them first would trip EBUSY.
-func (r *family) Reset() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if err := r.cleanAclChains(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.ipsetCounter.Flush(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.cleanupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	clear(r.rules)
-	clear(r.filters)
-	r.updateState()
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) updateState() {
-	if r.stateManager == nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	var currentState *ShutdownState
-	if existing := r.stateManager.GetState(currentState); existing != nil {
-		if existingState, ok := existing.(*ShutdownState); ok {
-			currentState = existingState
-		}
-	}
-	if currentState == nil {
-		currentState = &ShutdownState{}
-	}
-
-	currentState.Lock()
-	defer currentState.Unlock()
-
-	// Clone the rule maps so the persisted state holds a private snapshot.
-	// The live maps keep being mutated by subsequent rule operations while
-	// the state manager marshals the state from its periodic-save goroutine.
-	// Sharing the maps by reference races the two and aborts the process with
-	// a concurrent map iteration and write. The ipset counter guards itself
-	// during marshaling, so it can be shared directly.
-	if r.v6 {
-		currentState.RouteRules6 = maps.Clone(r.rules)
-		currentState.RouteIPsetCounter6 = r.ipsetCounter
-		currentState.ACLEntries6 = maps.Clone(r.entries)
-	} else {
-		currentState.RouteRules = maps.Clone(r.rules)
-		currentState.RouteIPsetCounter = r.ipsetCounter
-		currentState.ACLEntries = maps.Clone(r.entries)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.stateManager.UpdateState(currentState); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
-	}
-}

client/firewall/iptables/filter_linux.go

@@ -1,341 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-	"slices"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbid "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
-)
-
-// AddFilterRule installs a packet-filtering rule. With destination
-// empty, the rule goes to the peer ACL input chain plus a paired
-// mangle PREROUTING rule for the redirect mark. With destination set
-// (prefix or named set), it goes to the route ACL forward chain.
-// Multi-source rules collapse to one iptables rule via the shared
-// hash:net ipset.
-func (r *family) AddFilterRule(
-	id []byte,
-	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination firewall.Network,
-	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort *firewall.Port,
-	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	action firewall.Action,
-) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	ruleID := nbid.GenerateRuleID(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	if existing, ok := r.filters[ruleID]; ok {
-		return existing, nil
-	}
-
-	srcMatch, err := r.applySourceMatch(sourceNetwork(sources), sources)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply source match: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	rule, err := r.installFilterRule(ruleID, srcMatch, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	if err != nil {
-		r.dropSourceMatch(srcMatch)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	r.filters[ruleID] = rule
-	r.updateState()
-	return rule, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) hasRule(id nbid.RuleID) bool {
-	_, ok := r.filters[id]
-	return ok
-}
-
-// hasDNATRule reports whether this family owns the DNAT rule set for
-// the given user id. DNAT rules live in r.rules under the well-known
-// "<id>_dnat" key; the lookup here is used by Manager.DeleteDNATRule
-// to pick the right family.
-func (r *family) hasDNATRule(id firewall.RuleID) bool {
-	_, ok := r.rules[id+dnatSuffix]
-	return ok
-}
-
-// DeleteFilterRule removes a previously installed filter rule. The
-// rule's stored chain/table identify where to delete from; source set
-// references are recovered from the spec via findSets and dropped
-// from the shared ipset counter.
-func (r *family) DeleteFilterRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	pr, ok := r.filters[ruleID]
-	if !ok {
-		log.Debugf("filter rule %s not found", ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// DeleteIfExists keeps both deletes idempotent so a retry after a
-	// partial failure does not error on the half that was already removed.
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, pr.chain, pr.specs...); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete rule from %s: %w", pr.chain, err))
-	}
-	if pr.mangleSpecs != nil {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, pr.mangleSpecs...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete mangle rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	if merr != nil {
-		// Leave the rule tracked so the caller retries the remaining half.
-		return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-	}
-
-	r.dropSourceMatch(pr.specs)
-	delete(r.filters, ruleID)
-	r.updateState()
-	return nil
-}
-
-// findSets scans an iptables rule spec for "-m set --match-set <name>
-// <dir>" fragments and returns the named sets in occurrence order.
-// Used at delete time to drop ipsetCounter references.
-func findSets(rule []string) []string {
-	var sets []string
-	for i, arg := range rule {
-		if arg == "-m" && i+3 < len(rule) && rule[i+1] == "set" && rule[i+2] == matchSet {
-			sets = append(sets, rule[i+3])
-		}
-	}
-	return sets
-}
-
-// sourceNetwork classifies a source-prefix list into the firewall.Network
-// shape the rest of the spec-builder consumes: empty for match-any, a
-// single prefix inline, or an ipset for multiple sources.
-func sourceNetwork(sources []netip.Prefix) firewall.Network {
-	switch {
-	case len(sources) == 0:
-		return firewall.Network{}
-	case len(sources) == 1 && sources[0].Bits() == 0:
-		return firewall.Network{}
-	case len(sources) == 1:
-		return firewall.Network{Prefix: sources[0]}
-	default:
-		return firewall.Network{Set: firewall.NewPrefixSet(sources)}
-	}
-}
-
-// applySourceMatch returns the iptables match fragment for the rule's
-// source. For a Set it increments the shared ipset's refcount; for a
-// Prefix it emits a direct -s match; for the wildcard it returns nil.
-func (r *family) applySourceMatch(network firewall.Network, prefixes []netip.Prefix) ([]string, error) {
-	switch {
-	case network.IsSet():
-		if r.ipsetCounter == nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("multi-source peer rule requires shared ipset counter")
-		}
-		name := r.ipsetName(network.Set.HashedName())
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(name, prefixes); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("ipset increment %s: %w", name, err)
-		}
-		return []string{"-m", "set", matchSet, name, "src"}, nil
-	case network.IsPrefix():
-		return []string{"-s", network.Prefix.String()}, nil
-	default:
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-}
-
-// dropSourceMatch undoes whatever applySourceMatch reserved. Safe to
-// call when the spec is empty or holds only inline matchers. Decrement
-// errors are logged but not returned: the filter rule has already been
-// deleted at that point and we don't want to leak the deletion.
-func (r *family) dropSourceMatch(srcMatch []string) {
-	if r.ipsetCounter == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	for _, name := range findSets(srcMatch) {
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(name); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("rollback ipset decrement %s: %v", name, err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// decrementSetCounter drops ipset references owned by a raw rule spec
-// stored in r.rules (NAT / legacy route entries). It returns an error
-// aggregate so the caller surfaces decrement failures.
-func (r *family) decrementSetCounter(rule []string) error {
-	if r.ipsetCounter == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, name := range findSets(rule) {
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(name); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("decrement counter: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// installFilterRule assembles and writes one iptables filter-chain
-// rule. With destination empty the rule lands in the peer ACL input
-// chain and a paired mangle PREROUTING rule is added for the redirect
-// mark. With destination set the rule lands in the route ACL forward
-// chain and there is no mangle pairing.
-func (r *family) installFilterRule(
-	ruleID nbid.RuleID,
-	srcMatch []string,
-	destination firewall.Network,
-	protocol firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
-	action firewall.Action,
-) (*Rule, error) {
-	isRoute := !destination.IsZero()
-
-	proto := protoForFamily(protocol, r.v6)
-
-	specs := slices.Clone(srcMatch)
-	var destExp []string
-	if isRoute {
-		var err error
-		destExp, err = r.applyNetwork("-d", destination, nil)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply network -d: %w", err)
-		}
-		specs = append(specs, destExp...)
-	}
-	specs = append(specs, filterMatchSpecs(proto, sPort, dPort)...)
-
-	var mangleSpecs []string
-	if !isRoute {
-		mangleSpecs = slices.Clone(specs)
-		mangleSpecs = append(mangleSpecs,
-			"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
-			"-m", "addrtype", "--dst-type", "LOCAL",
-			"-j", "MARK", "--set-xmark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
-		)
-	}
-
-	specs = append(specs, "-j", actionToStr(action))
-
-	chain := chainACLInput
-	if isRoute {
-		chain = chainRTFwdIn
-	}
-
-	// Peer ACL drops are inserted at position 1 so they precede the
-	// chain's catch-all; route ACL drops are inserted at position 2
-	// to sit immediately after the established/related accept rule.
-	var err error
-	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
-		pos := 1
-		if isRoute {
-			pos = 2
-		}
-		err = r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chain, pos, specs...)
-	} else {
-		err = r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chain, specs...)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		r.dropSourceMatch(destExp)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("install filter rule on %s: %w", chain, err)
-	}
-
-	// The mangle redirect-mark rule is best effort: the filter rule itself
-	// is what enforces the ACL, so a mangle failure must not undo it. Drop
-	// the spec so teardown does not try to remove a rule that was not added.
-	if mangleSpecs != nil {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableMangle, chainRTPre, mangleSpecs...); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("add mangle rule: %v", err)
-			mangleSpecs = nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return &Rule{
-		id:          ruleID,
-		specs:       specs,
-		mangleSpecs: mangleSpecs,
-		chain:       chain,
-		v6:          r.v6,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// applyNetwork resolves a firewall.Network into the iptables match
-// fragment for the given direction flag (-s or -d). Set networks
-// increment the shared ipset refcount; prefixes emit a direct match;
-// an empty network returns no spec ("match any").
-func (r *family) applyNetwork(flag string, network firewall.Network, prefixes []netip.Prefix) ([]string, error) {
-	direction := "src"
-	if flag == "-d" {
-		direction = "dst"
-	}
-
-	if network.IsSet() {
-		name := r.ipsetName(network.Set.HashedName())
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(name, prefixes); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		return []string{"-m", "set", matchSet, name, direction}, nil
-	}
-	if network.IsPrefix() {
-		return []string{flag, network.Prefix.String()}, nil
-	}
-
-	// nolint:nilnil
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
-// protoForFamily translates ICMP to ICMPv6 for ip6tables.
-// ip6tables requires "ipv6-icmp" (or "icmpv6") instead of "icmp".
-func protoForFamily(protocol firewall.Protocol, v6 bool) string {
-	if v6 && protocol == firewall.ProtocolICMP {
-		return "ipv6-icmp"
-	}
-	return string(protocol)
-}
-
-// filterMatchSpecs returns the proto/port match fragment for a
-// filtering rule. The source match (-s or -m set) is built by the
-// caller and prepended.
-func filterMatchSpecs(protocol string, sPort, dPort *firewall.Port) (specs []string) {
-	if protocol != "all" {
-		specs = append(specs, "-p", protocol)
-	}
-	specs = append(specs, applyPort("--sport", sPort)...)
-	specs = append(specs, applyPort("--dport", dPort)...)
-	return specs
-}
-
-func actionToStr(action firewall.Action) string {
-	if action == firewall.ActionAccept {
-		return "ACCEPT"
-	}
-	return "DROP"
-}
-
-func applyPort(flag string, port *firewall.Port) []string {
-	if port == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if port.IsRange && len(port.Values) == 2 {
-		return []string{flag, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", port.Values[0], port.Values[1])}
-	}
-
-	if len(port.Values) > 1 {
-		portList := make([]string, len(port.Values))
-		for i, p := range port.Values {
-			portList[i] = strconv.Itoa(int(p))
-		}
-		return []string{"-m", "multiport", flag, strings.Join(portList, ",")}
-	}
-
-	return []string{flag, strconv.Itoa(int(port.Values[0]))}
-}

client/firewall/iptables/interface_allower_linux.go

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-)
-
-// InterfaceAllower opens the NetBird interface on the iptables filter INPUT
-// chain so the host firewall doesn't drop traffic the userspace firewall
-// handles. It is the fallback used when nftables is unavailable (an
-// iptables-legacy host).
-//
-// It opens INPUT only: the userspace router never forwards in the kernel.
-// firewalld trust is handled by the uspfilter manager, not here.
-type InterfaceAllower struct {
-	ifaceName string
-	ipt4      *iptables.IPTables
-	// ipt6 is nil when the interface has no IPv6 overlay address.
-	ipt6 *iptables.IPTables
-}
-
-// NewInterfaceAllower builds an iptables allower for the interface. It returns
-// an error when iptables is unavailable, so the caller can fall back to
-// firewalld trust.
-func NewInterfaceAllower(wgIface iFaceMapper) (*InterfaceAllower, error) {
-	ipt4, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iptables not available: %w", err)
-	}
-	if _, err := ipt4.ListChains(tableFilter); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iptables filter table not available: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	a := &InterfaceAllower{ifaceName: wgIface.Name(), ipt4: ipt4}
-
-	// Missing v6 must not break the v4 path: open v4 only and continue.
-	if wgIface.Address().HasIPv6() {
-		ipt6, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv6)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("ip6tables not available, opening interface on v4 only: %v", err)
-		} else if _, err := ipt6.ListChains(tableFilter); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("ip6tables filter table not available, opening interface on v4 only: %v", err)
-		} else {
-			a.ipt6 = ipt6
-		}
-	}
-
-	return a, nil
-}
-
-// Apply inserts the interface accept rule on the filter INPUT chain. It removes
-// any stale rule first so an unclean exit (e.g. SIGKILL, where Close never ran)
-// is recovered deterministically rather than accumulating duplicates.
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) Apply() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, ipt := range a.clients() {
-		if err := ipt.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainInput, a.inputRule()...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("clean stale interface accept rule: %w", err))
-		}
-		if err := ipt.Insert(tableFilter, chainInput, 1, a.inputRule()...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add interface accept rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// Close removes the interface accept rule.
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) Close() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, ipt := range a.clients() {
-		if err := ipt.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainInput, a.inputRule()...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove interface accept rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) inputRule() []string {
-	return []string{"-i", a.ifaceName, "-j", "ACCEPT"}
-}
-
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) clients() []*iptables.IPTables {
-	clients := []*iptables.IPTables{a.ipt4}
-	if a.ipt6 != nil {
-		clients = append(clients, a.ipt6)
-	}
-	return clients
-}

client/firewall/iptables/ipset_linux.go

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	"github.com/lrh3321/ipset-go"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-func (r *family) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) error {
-	if err := r.createIPSet(setName); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create set %s: %w", setName, err)
-	}
-
-	for _, prefix := range sources {
-		if err := r.addPrefixToIPSet(setName, prefix); err != nil {
-			// The refcounter records nothing when this callback errors,
-			// so destroy the set or it leaks in the kernel. A partial
-			// source set would also fail-open for deny rules, so the
-			// rule must fail rather than install with a missing source.
-			if derr := r.destroyIPSet(setName); derr != nil {
-				log.Warnf("rollback ipset %s after add failure: %v", setName, derr)
-			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("add element to set %s: %w", setName, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) deleteIpSet(setName string) error {
-	if err := r.destroyIPSet(setName); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("destroy set %s: %w", setName, err)
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("deleted unused ipset %s", setName)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
-	name := r.ipsetName(set.HashedName())
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, prefix := range prefixes {
-		if err := r.addPrefixToIPSet(name, prefix); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add prefix to ipset: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	if merr == nil {
-		log.Debugf("updated set %s with prefixes %v", name, prefixes)
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) ipsetName(name string) string {
-	if r.v6 {
-		return name + "-v6"
-	}
-	return name
-}
-
-func (r *family) createIPSet(name string) error {
-	opts := ipset.CreateOptions{
-		Replace: true,
-	}
-	if r.v6 {
-		opts.Family = ipset.FamilyIPV6
-	}
-
-	if err := ipset.Create(name, ipset.TypeHashNet, opts); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create ipset %s: %w", name, err)
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("created ipset %s with type hash:net", name)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addPrefixToIPSet(name string, prefix netip.Prefix) error {
-	addr := prefix.Addr()
-	ip := addr.AsSlice()
-
-	entry := &ipset.Entry{
-		IP:      ip,
-		CIDR:    uint8(prefix.Bits()),
-		Replace: true,
-	}
-
-	if err := ipset.Add(name, entry); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add prefix to ipset %s: %w", name, err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) destroyIPSet(name string) error {
-	return ipset.Destroy(name)
-}

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package iptables
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -17,21 +18,25 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
-// Manager of iptables firewall. Per-family state (peer ACLs, route
-// ACLs, NAT, DNAT, MSS clamping) lives on family; Manager dispatches
-// by family and provides the public firewall.Manager surface.
+type resetter interface {
+	Reset() error
+}
+
+// Manager of iptables firewall
 type Manager struct {
 	mutex sync.Mutex
 
 	wgIface iFaceMapper
 
 	ipv4Client   *iptables.IPTables
-	family4      *family
+	aclMgr       *aclManager
+	router       *router
 	rawSupported bool
 
 	// IPv6 counterparts, nil when no v6 overlay
 	ipv6Client *iptables.IPTables
-	family6    *family
+	aclMgr6    *aclManager
+	router6    *router
 }
 
 // iFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
@@ -52,9 +57,14 @@ func Create(wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (*Manager, error) {
 		ipv4Client: iptablesClient,
 	}
 
-	m.family4, err = newFamily(iptablesClient, wgIface, mtu)
+	m.router, err = newRouter(iptablesClient, wgIface, mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create family: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create router: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.aclMgr, err = newAclManager(iptablesClient, wgIface)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create acl manager: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if wgIface.Address().HasIPv6() {
@@ -71,18 +81,21 @@ func (m *Manager) createIPv6Components(wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("init ip6tables: %w", err)
 	}
+	m.ipv6Client = ip6Client
 
-	family6, err := newFamily(ip6Client, wgIface, mtu)
+	m.router6, err = newRouter(ip6Client, wgIface, mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 family: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 router: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Share the same IP forwarding state with the v4 family, since
+	// Share the same IP forwarding state with the v4 router, since
 	// EnableIPForwarding controls both v4 and v6 sysctls.
-	family6.ipFwdState = m.family4.ipFwdState
+	m.router6.ipFwdState = m.router.ipFwdState
 
-	m.ipv6Client = ip6Client
-	m.family6 = family6
+	m.aclMgr6, err = newAclManager(ip6Client, wgIface)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 acl manager: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -96,7 +109,7 @@ func (m *Manager) Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 		InterfaceState: &InterfaceState{
 			NameStr:   m.wgIface.Name(),
 			WGAddress: m.wgIface.Address(),
-			MTU:       m.family4.mtu,
+			MTU:       m.router.mtu,
 		},
 	}
 	stateManager.RegisterState(state)
@@ -128,24 +141,31 @@ func (m *Manager) Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// initChains initializes the per-family firewall state for both
-// address families, rolling back on failure.
+// initChains initializes router and ACL chains for both address families,
+// rolling back on failure.
 func (m *Manager) initChains(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	type initStep struct {
 		name string
-		r    *family
+		init func(*statemanager.Manager) error
+		mgr  resetter
 	}
 
-	steps := []initStep{{"v4", m.family4}}
+	steps := []initStep{
+		{"router", m.router.init, m.router},
+		{"acl manager", m.aclMgr.init, m.aclMgr},
+	}
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		steps = append(steps, initStep{"v6", m.family6})
+		steps = append(steps,
+			initStep{"v6 router", m.router6.init, m.router6},
+			initStep{"v6 acl manager", m.aclMgr6.init, m.aclMgr6},
+		)
 	}
 
 	var initialized []initStep
 	for _, s := range steps {
-		if err := s.r.init(stateManager); err != nil {
+		if err := s.init(stateManager); err != nil {
 			for i := len(initialized) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-				if rerr := initialized[i].r.Reset(); rerr != nil {
+				if rerr := initialized[i].mgr.Reset(); rerr != nil {
 					log.Warnf("rollback %s: %v", initialized[i].name, rerr)
 				}
 			}
@@ -156,50 +176,84 @@ func (m *Manager) initChains(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// AddFilterRule installs a packet-filtering rule. See firewall.Manager
-// docs for destination semantics. Sources are a single address family;
-// the rule is dispatched to the matching v4 / v6 backend.
-func (m *Manager) AddFilterRule(
+// AddPeerFiltering adds a rule to the firewall
+//
+// Comment will be ignored because some system this feature is not supported
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	id []byte,
-	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination firewall.Network,
+	ip net.IP,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
-) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	if len(sources) == 0 {
-		return nil, firewall.ErrNoSources
-	}
-
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	fam := m.family4
-	if isIPv6Rule(sources, destination) {
-		if !m.hasIPv6() {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add filtering: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
-		}
-		fam = m.family6
+	if ip.To4() != nil {
+		return m.aclMgr.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
 	}
-	return fam.AddFilterRule(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	if !m.hasIPv6() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add peer filtering for %s: %w", ip, firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
+	}
+	return m.aclMgr6.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
 }
 
-// DeleteFilterRule removes a rule previously added via AddFilterRule.
-// The rule is looked up by id in each family's filter cache.
-func (m *Manager) DeleteFilterRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
+	id []byte,
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	id := rule.ID()
-	if m.family4.hasRule(id) {
-		return m.family4.DeleteFilterRule(rule)
+	if isIPv6RouteRule(sources, destination) {
+		if !m.hasIPv6() {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route filtering: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
+		}
+		return m.router6.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
 	}
-	if m.hasIPv6() && m.family6.hasRule(id) {
-		return m.family6.DeleteFilterRule(rule)
+
+	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+func isIPv6RouteRule(sources []netip.Prefix, destination firewall.Network) bool {
+	if destination.IsPrefix() {
+		return destination.Prefix.Addr().Is6()
 	}
-	log.Debugf("filter rule %s not found in any family", id)
-	return nil
+	return len(sources) > 0 && sources[0].Addr().Is6()
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if m.hasIPv6() && isIPv6IptRule(rule) {
+		return m.aclMgr6.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+	}
+	return m.aclMgr.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+}
+
+func isIPv6IptRule(rule firewall.Rule) bool {
+	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
+	return ok && r.v6
+}
+
+// DeleteRouteRule deletes a routing rule.
+// Route rules are keyed by content hash. Check v4 first, try v6 if not found.
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if m.hasIPv6() && !m.router.hasRule(rule.ID()) {
+		return m.router6.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
+	}
+	return m.router.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
@@ -218,10 +272,10 @@ func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add NAT rule: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddNatRule(pair)
+		return m.router6.AddNatRule(pair)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family4.AddNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.AddNatRule(pair); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -230,7 +284,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	// wildcard 0.0.0.0/0 destination where the client resolves DNS.
 	if m.hasIPv6() && pair.Dynamic {
 		v6Pair := firewall.ToV6NatPair(pair)
-		if err := m.family6.AddNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.AddNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add v6 NAT rule: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -246,18 +300,18 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return nil
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveNatRule(pair)
+		return m.router6.RemoveNatRule(pair)
 	}
 
 	var merr *multierror.Error
 
-	if err := m.family4.RemoveNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.RemoveNatRule(pair); err != nil {
 		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove v4 NAT rule: %w", err))
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() && pair.Dynamic {
 		v6Pair := firewall.ToV6NatPair(pair)
-		if err := m.family6.RemoveNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.RemoveNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove v6 NAT rule: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
@@ -266,11 +320,11 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
-	if err := firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.family4, isLegacy); err != nil {
+	if err := firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router, isLegacy); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.family6, isLegacy)
+		return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router6, isLegacy)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -287,13 +341,19 @@ func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		if err := m.family6.Reset(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset v6 family: %w", err))
+		if err := m.aclMgr6.Reset(); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset v6 acl manager: %w", err))
+		}
+		if err := m.router6.Reset(); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset v6 router: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family4.Reset(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset family: %w", err))
+	if err := m.aclMgr.Reset(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset acl manager: %w", err))
+	}
+	if err := m.router.Reset(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset router: %w", err))
 	}
 
 	// Appending to merr intentionally blocks DeleteState below so ShutdownState
@@ -312,6 +372,27 @@ func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
+// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic.
+// This is called when USPFilter wraps the native firewall, adding blanket accept
+// rules so that packet filtering is handled in userspace instead of by netfilter.
+func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	if _, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0}, firewall.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, firewall.ActionAccept, ""); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("allow netbird v4 interface traffic: %w", err))
+	}
+	if m.hasIPv6() {
+		if _, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.IPv6zero, firewall.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, firewall.ActionAccept, ""); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("allow netbird v6 interface traffic: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := firewalld.TrustInterface(m.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to trust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
 func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
 
@@ -321,14 +402,14 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
-	if err := m.family4.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("enable IP forwarding: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
-	if err := m.family4.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("disable IP forwarding: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -343,9 +424,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error)
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add DNAT rule: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddDNATRule(rule)
+		return m.router6.AddDNATRule(rule)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddDNATRule(rule)
+	return m.router.AddDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
 // DeleteDNATRule deletes a DNAT rule
@@ -353,10 +434,10 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	if m.hasIPv6() && !m.family4.hasDNATRule(rule.ID()) {
-		return m.family6.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
+	if m.hasIPv6() && !m.router.hasRule(rule.ID()+dnatSuffix) {
+		return m.router6.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
 	}
-	return m.family4.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
+	return m.router.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
 // UpdateSet updates the set with the given prefixes
@@ -373,12 +454,12 @@ func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family4.UpdateSet(set, v4Prefixes); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.UpdateSet(set, v4Prefixes); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() && len(v6Prefixes) > 0 {
-		if err := m.family6.UpdateSet(set, v6Prefixes); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.UpdateSet(set, v6Prefixes); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("update v6 set: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -395,9 +476,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protoco
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add inbound DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // RemoveInboundDNAT removes an inbound DNAT rule.
@@ -409,9 +490,9 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Prot
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove inbound DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // AddOutputDNAT adds an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule for locally-generated traffic.
@@ -423,9 +504,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add output DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // RemoveOutputDNAT removes an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule.
@@ -437,14 +518,14 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Proto
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove output DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 const (
 	chainNameRaw = "NETBIRD-RAW"
-	chainOutput  = "OUTPUT"
+	chainOUTPUT  = "OUTPUT"
 	tableRaw     = "raw"
 )
 
@@ -519,15 +600,15 @@ func (m *Manager) initNoTrackChain() error {
 
 	jumpRule := []string{"-j", chainNameRaw}
 
-	if err := m.ipv4Client.InsertUnique(tableRaw, chainOutput, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
+	if err := m.ipv4Client.InsertUnique(tableRaw, chainOUTPUT, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
 		if delErr := m.ipv4Client.DeleteChain(tableRaw, chainNameRaw); delErr != nil {
 			log.Debugf("delete orphan chain: %v", delErr)
 		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("add output jump rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.ipv4Client.InsertUnique(tableRaw, chainPrerouting, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
-		if delErr := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainOutput, jumpRule...); delErr != nil {
+	if err := m.ipv4Client.InsertUnique(tableRaw, chainPREROUTING, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
+		if delErr := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainOUTPUT, jumpRule...); delErr != nil {
 			log.Debugf("delete output jump rule: %v", delErr)
 		}
 		if delErr := m.ipv4Client.DeleteChain(tableRaw, chainNameRaw); delErr != nil {
@@ -554,11 +635,11 @@ func (m *Manager) cleanupNoTrackChain() error {
 
 	jumpRule := []string{"-j", chainNameRaw}
 
-	if err := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainOutput, jumpRule...); err != nil {
+	if err := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainOUTPUT, jumpRule...); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("remove output jump rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainPrerouting, jumpRule...); err != nil {
+	if err := m.ipv4Client.DeleteIfExists(tableRaw, chainPREROUTING, jumpRule...); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting jump rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -573,13 +654,3 @@ func (m *Manager) cleanupNoTrackChain() error {
 func getConntrackEstablished() []string {
 	return []string{"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"}
 }
-
-// isIPv6Rule reports whether the rule belongs to the IPv6 family, from
-// the destination prefix when set, otherwise from the (single-family)
-// sources.
-func isIPv6Rule(sources []netip.Prefix, destination firewall.Network) bool {
-	if destination.IsPrefix() {
-		return destination.Prefix.Addr().Is6()
-	}
-	return len(sources) > 0 && sources[0].Addr().Is6()
-}

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
-
 package iptables
 
 import (
@@ -67,39 +65,46 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
 
-	var rule2 fw.Rule
+	var rule2 []fw.Rule
 	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			IsRange: true,
 			Values:  []uint16{8043, 8046},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
-		rr := rule2.(*Rule)
-		checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, rr.chain, true, rr.specs...)
+		for _, r := range rule2 {
+			rr := r.(*Rule)
+			checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, rr.chain, true, rr.specs...)
+		}
 	})
 
 	t.Run("delete second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule2), "failed to delete rule")
+		for _, r := range rule2 {
+			err := manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
+		}
+
+		require.Empty(t, manager.aclMgr.ipsetStore.ipsets, "rulesets index after removed second rule must be empty")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("reset check", func(t *testing.T) {
 		// add second rule
 		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{5353}}
-		_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "udp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
+		_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "udp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 		err = manager.Close(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset")
 
-		ok, err := ipv4Client.ChainExists("filter", chainACLInput)
+		ok, err := ipv4Client.ChainExists("filter", chainNameInputRules)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed check chain exists")
 
 		if ok {
-			require.NoErrorf(t, err, "chain '%v' still exists after Close", chainACLInput)
+			require.NoErrorf(t, err, "chain '%v' still exists after Close", chainNameInputRules)
 		}
 	})
 }
@@ -121,13 +126,15 @@ func TestIptablesManagerDenyRules(t *testing.T) {
 		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}
 
-		rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionDrop)
+		rule, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionDrop, "deny-ssh")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add deny rule")
-		require.NotNil(t, rule, "deny rule should not be nil")
+		require.NotEmpty(t, rule, "deny rule should not be empty")
 
 		// Verify the rule was added by checking iptables
-		rr := rule.(*Rule)
-		checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, rr.chain, true, rr.specs...)
+		for _, r := range rule {
+			rr := r.(*Rule)
+			checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, rr.chain, true, rr.specs...)
+		}
 	})
 
 	t.Run("deny rule precedence test", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -135,40 +142,36 @@ func TestIptablesManagerDenyRules(t *testing.T) {
 		port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 
 		// Add accept rule first
-		_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
+		_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "accept-http")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add accept rule")
 
 		// Add deny rule second for same IP/port - this should take precedence
-		_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionDrop)
+		_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionDrop, "deny-http")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add deny rule")
 
 		// Inspect the actual iptables rules to verify deny rule comes before accept rule
-		rules, err := ipv4Client.List("filter", chainACLInput)
+		rules, err := ipv4Client.List("filter", chainNameInputRules)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to list iptables rules")
 
 		// Debug: print all rules
-		t.Logf("All iptables rules in chain %s:", chainACLInput)
+		t.Logf("All iptables rules in chain %s:", chainNameInputRules)
 		for i, rule := range rules {
 			t.Logf("  [%d] %s", i, rule)
 		}
 
-		// Single-source rules emit a direct `-s <ip>/32 ... --dport 80`
-		// match. Match on that shape instead of the legacy
-		// per-(action,port) ipset names ("deny-http"/"accept-http")
-		// that this test predates.
-		srcMatch := fmt.Sprintf("-s %s/32", ip)
 		var denyRuleIndex, acceptRuleIndex = -1, -1
 		for i, rule := range rules {
-			if !strings.Contains(rule, srcMatch) || !strings.Contains(rule, "--dport 80") {
-				continue
-			}
-			if strings.Contains(rule, "-j DROP") {
+			if strings.Contains(rule, "DROP") {
 				t.Logf("Found DROP rule at index %d: %s", i, rule)
-				denyRuleIndex = i
+				if strings.Contains(rule, "deny-http") && strings.Contains(rule, "80") {
+					denyRuleIndex = i
+				}
 			}
-			if strings.Contains(rule, "-j ACCEPT") {
+			if strings.Contains(rule, "ACCEPT") {
 				t.Logf("Found ACCEPT rule at index %d: %s", i, rule)
-				acceptRuleIndex = i
+				if strings.Contains(rule, "accept-http") && strings.Contains(rule, "80") {
+					acceptRuleIndex = i
+				}
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -193,6 +196,7 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
+	// just check on the local interface
 	manager, err := Create(mock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
@@ -206,39 +210,27 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
 
-	var rule2 fw.Rule
-	t.Run("single source uses direct -s match (no ipset)", func(t *testing.T) {
+	var rule2 []fw.Rule
+	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			Values: []uint16{443},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
-		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
-		require.NotNil(t, rule2)
-		require.Contains(t, rule2.(*Rule).specs, "-s",
-			"single-source rule should use direct -s match, not an ipset")
-		require.Empty(t, findSets(rule2.(*Rule).specs),
-			"single-source rule should not allocate a shared ipset")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("delete single-source rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule2), "failed to delete rule")
-	})
-
-	t.Run("multi-source uses shared ipset", func(t *testing.T) {
-		sources := []netip.Prefix{
-			netip.PrefixFrom(netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3"), 32),
-			netip.PrefixFrom(netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.4"), 32),
-			netip.PrefixFrom(netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.5"), 32),
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "default")
+		for _, r := range rule2 {
+			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
+			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ipsetName, "default-sport", "ipset name must be set")
+			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ip, "10.20.0.3", "ipset IP must be set")
 		}
-		port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{8080}}
-		multi, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, sources, fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
-		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add multi-source rule")
-		require.NotNil(t, multi, "multi-source rule must produce one iptables rule")
-		sets := findSets(multi.(*Rule).specs)
-		require.Len(t, sets, 1, "multi-source rule must reference exactly one ipset")
+	})
 
-		require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(multi))
+	t.Run("delete second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, r := range rule2 {
+			err := manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
+
+			require.Empty(t, manager.aclMgr.ipsetStore.ipsets, "rulesets index after removed second rule must be empty")
+		}
 	})
 
 	t.Run("reset check", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -289,7 +281,7 @@ func TestIptablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1000 + i)}}
-				_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			}

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
+//go:build !android
 
 package iptables
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RestoreOrCreateContainers(t *testing.T) {
 	iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to init iptables client")
 
-	manager, err := newFamily(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "should return a valid iptables manager")
 	require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RestoreOrCreateContainers(t *testing.T) {
 	// 11. MSS clamping rule for outbound traffic
 	require.Len(t, manager.rules, 11, "should have created rules map")
 
-	exists, err := manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainPostrouting, "-j", chainRTNAT)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainPostrouting)
+	exists, err := manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, "-j", chainRTNAT)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING)
 	require.True(t, exists, "postrouting jump rule should exist")
 
-	exists, err = manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainPrerouting, "-j", chainRTPre)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainPrerouting)
+	exists, err = manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainPREROUTING, "-j", chainRTPRE)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainPREROUTING)
 	require.True(t, exists, "prerouting jump rule should exist")
 
 	pair := firewall.RouterPair{
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to init iptables client")
 
-			manager, err := newFamily(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+			manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
 			require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			err = manager.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "marking rule should be inserted")
 
-			natRuleKey := testCase.InputPair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 			markingRule := []string{
 				"-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
 				"-m", "conntrack",
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
 			}
 
-			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, markingRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPre)
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, markingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
 			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
 				require.True(t, exists, "marking rule should be created")
 				foundRule, found := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// Check inverse rule
 			inversePair := firewall.GetInversePair(testCase.InputPair)
-			inverseRuleKey := inversePair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
+			inverseRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, inversePair)
 			inverseMarkingRule := []string{
 				"!", "-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
 				"-m", "conntrack",
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
 			}
 
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, inverseMarkingRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPre)
+			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, inverseMarkingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
 			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
 				require.True(t, exists, "inverse marking rule should be created")
 				foundRule, found := manager.rules[inverseRuleKey]
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			iptablesClient, _ := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 
-			manager, err := newFamily(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+			manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
 			require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 			defer func() {
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			err = manager.RemoveNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
 
-			natRuleKey := testCase.InputPair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 			markingRule := []string{
 				"-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
 				"-m", "conntrack",
@@ -181,8 +181,8 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
 			}
 
-			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, markingRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPre)
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, markingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
 			require.False(t, exists, "marking rule should not exist")
 
 			_, found := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// Check inverse rule removal
 			inversePair := firewall.GetInversePair(testCase.InputPair)
-			inverseRuleKey := inversePair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
+			inverseRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, inversePair)
 			inverseMarkingRule := []string{
 				"!", "-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
 				"-m", "conntrack",
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
 			}
 
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, inverseMarkingRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPre)
+			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, inverseMarkingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
 			require.False(t, exists, "inverse marking rule should not exist")
 
 			_, found = manager.rules[inverseRuleKey]
@@ -219,13 +219,13 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 	iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create iptables client")
 
-	r, err := newFamily(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create family manager")
+	r, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router manager")
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(nil))
 
 	defer func() {
 		err := r.Reset()
-		require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to reset family")
+		require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to reset router")
 	}()
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -334,30 +334,62 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ruleKey, err := r.AddFilterRule(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "AddFilterRule failed")
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
 
-			stored, ok := r.filters[ruleKey.ID()]
-			require.True(t, ok, "rule not stored in filters")
-			t.Logf("Internal rule: %v", stored.specs)
+			// Check if the rule is in the internal map
+			rule, ok := r.rules[ruleKey.ID()]
+			assert.True(t, ok, "Rule not found in internal map")
 
-			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFwdIn, stored.specs...)
+			// Log the internal rule
+			t.Logf("Internal rule: %v", rule)
+
+			// Check if the rule exists in iptables
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWDIN, rule...)
 			assert.NoError(t, err, "Failed to check rule existence")
 			assert.True(t, exists, "Rule not found in iptables")
 
-			if tt.expectSet {
-				setName := firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources).HashedName()
-				_, exists := r.ipsetCounter.Get(setName)
-				assert.True(t, exists, "IPSet not created")
-				assert.NotEmpty(t, findSets(stored.specs), "Rule should reference an ipset")
+			var source firewall.Network
+			if len(tt.sources) > 1 {
+				source.Set = firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources)
+			} else if len(tt.sources) > 0 {
+				source.Prefix = tt.sources[0]
+			}
+			// Verify rule content
+			params := routeFilteringRuleParams{
+				Source:      source,
+				Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination},
+				Proto:       tt.proto,
+				SPort:       tt.sPort,
+				DPort:       tt.dPort,
+				Action:      tt.action,
 			}
 
-			require.NoError(t, r.DeleteFilterRule(ruleKey), "Failed to delete rule")
+			expectedRule, err := r.genRouteRuleSpec(params, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to generate expected rule spec")
+
+			if tt.expectSet {
+				setName := firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources).HashedName()
+				expectedRule, err = r.genRouteRuleSpec(params, nil)
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to generate expected rule spec with set")
+
+				// Check if the set was created
+				_, exists := r.ipsetCounter.Get(setName)
+				assert.True(t, exists, "IPSet not created")
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedRule, rule, "Rule content mismatch")
+
+			// Clean up
+			err = r.DeleteRouteRule(ruleKey)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to delete rule")
 		})
 	}
 }
 
 func TestFindSetNameInRule(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &router{}
+
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name     string
 		rule     []string
@@ -398,7 +430,7 @@ func TestFindSetNameInRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := findSets(tc.rule)
+			result := r.findSets(tc.rule)
 
 			if len(result) != len(tc.expected) {
 				t.Errorf("Expected %d sets, got %d. Sets found: %v", len(tc.expected), len(result), result)

client/firewall/iptables/routing_linux.go

@@ -1,265 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
-)
-
-func (r *family) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if r.legacyManagement {
-		log.Warnf("This peer is connected to a NetBird Management service with an older version. Allowing all traffic for %s", pair.Destination)
-		if err := r.addLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("add legacy routing rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if pair.Masquerade {
-		if err := r.addNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("add nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if err := r.addNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("add inverse nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveNatRule removes an iptables rule pair from forwarding and nat chains
-func (r *family) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if pair.Masquerade {
-		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addLegacyRouteRule adds a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
-func (r *family) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat)
-
-	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	rule := []string{"-s", pair.Source.String(), "-d", pair.Destination.String(), "-j", "ACCEPT"}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chainRTFwdIn, rule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %w", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleID] = rule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat)
-
-	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainRTFwdIn, rule...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %w", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset counter: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// GetLegacyManagement returns the current legacy management mode
-func (r *family) GetLegacyManagement() bool {
-	return r.legacyManagement
-}
-
-// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management mode
-func (r *family) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) {
-	r.legacyManagement = isLegacy
-}
-
-// RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules removes all legacy routing rules for mgmt servers pre route acls
-func (r *family) RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for k, rule := range r.rules {
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(string(k), firewall.ForwardingFormatPrefix) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainRTFwdIn, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule: %w", err))
-		} else {
-			delete(r.rules, k)
-		}
-	}
-
-	r.updateState()
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) addPostroutingRules() error {
-	// First rule for outbound masquerade
-	rule1 := []string{
-		"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
-		"!", "-o", "lo",
-		"-j", "MASQUERADE",
-	}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableNat, chainRTNAT, rule1...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add outbound masquerade rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules["static-nat-outbound"] = rule1
-
-	// Second rule for return traffic masquerade
-	rule2 := []string{
-		"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
-		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-j", "MASQUERADE",
-	}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableNat, chainRTNAT, rule2...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add return masquerade rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules["static-nat-return"] = rule2
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addMSSClampingRules adds MSS clamping rules to prevent fragmentation for forwarded traffic.
-func (r *family) addMSSClampingRules() error {
-	overhead := uint16(ipv4TCPHeaderSize)
-	if r.v6 {
-		overhead = ipv6TCPHeaderSize
-	}
-	mss := r.mtu - overhead
-
-	// Add jump rule from FORWARD chain in mangle table to our custom chain
-	jumpRule := []string{
-		"-j", chainRTMSSClamp,
-	}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableMangle, chainForward, 1, jumpRule...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add jump to MSS clamp chain: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules[jumpMSSClamp] = jumpRule
-
-	ruleOut := []string{
-		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
-		"-p", "tcp",
-		"--tcp-flags", "SYN,RST", "SYN",
-		"-j", "TCPMSS",
-		"--set-mss", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mss),
-	}
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableMangle, chainRTMSSClamp, ruleOut...); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add outbound MSS clamp rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	r.rules["mss-clamp-out"] = ruleOut
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) insertEstablishedRule(chain string) error {
-	establishedRule := getConntrackEstablished()
-
-	err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chain, 1, establishedRule...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("insert established rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID("established-" + chain)
-	r.rules[ruleID] = establishedRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
-
-	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, rule...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove existing marking rule for %s: %w", pair.Destination, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-	}
-
-	markValue := nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade
-	if pair.Inverse {
-		markValue = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn
-	}
-
-	rule := []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name()}
-	if pair.Inverse {
-		rule = []string{"!", "-i", r.wgIface.Name()}
-	}
-
-	rule = append(rule,
-		"-m", "conntrack",
-		"--ctstate", "NEW",
-	)
-	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-s", pair.Source, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply network -s: %w", err)
-	}
-	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-d", pair.Destination, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply network -d: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	rule = append(rule, sourceExp...)
-	rule = append(rule, destExp...)
-	rule = append(rule,
-		"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", markValue),
-	)
-
-	// Ensure nat rules come first, so the mark can be overwritten.
-	// Currently overwritten by the dst-type LOCAL rules for redirected traffic.
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableMangle, chainRTPre, 1, rule...); err != nil {
-		r.dropSourceMatch(rule)
-		return fmt.Errorf("add marking rule for %s: %w", pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleID] = rule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat)
-
-	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainRTPre, rule...); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove marking rule for %s: %w", pair.Destination, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset counter: %w", err)
-		}
-	} else {
-		log.Debugf("marking rule %s not found", ruleID)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/iptables/rule.go

@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 package iptables
 
-import "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-
-// Rule to handle management of rules. Source set membership (when the
-// rule was built against a shared hash:net ipset) is encoded in specs;
-// DeleteFilterRule recovers it via findSets so the refcounter can drop
-// the right reference.
+// Rule to handle management of rules
 type Rule struct {
-	id          manager.RuleID
+	ruleID    string
+	ipsetName string
+
 	specs       []string
 	mangleSpecs []string
+	ip          string
 	chain       string
 	v6          bool
 }
 
-// ID returns the rule id
-func (r *Rule) ID() manager.RuleID {
-	return r.id
+// GetRuleID returns the rule id
+func (r *Rule) ID() string {
+	return r.ruleID
 }

client/firewall/iptables/rulestore_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package iptables
+
+import "encoding/json"
+
+type ipList struct {
+	ips map[string]struct{}
+}
+
+func newIpList(ip string) *ipList {
+	ips := make(map[string]struct{})
+	ips[ip] = struct{}{}
+
+	return &ipList{
+		ips: ips,
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ipList) addIP(ip string) {
+	s.ips[ip] = struct{}{}
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler
+func (s *ipList) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		IPs map[string]struct{} `json:"ips"`
+	}{
+		IPs: s.ips,
+	})
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler
+func (s *ipList) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	temp := struct {
+		IPs map[string]struct{} `json:"ips"`
+	}{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &temp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.ips = temp.IPs
+
+	if temp.IPs == nil {
+		temp.IPs = make(map[string]struct{})
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+type ipsetStore struct {
+	ipsets map[string]*ipList
+}
+
+func newIpsetStore() *ipsetStore {
+	return &ipsetStore{
+		ipsets: make(map[string]*ipList),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) ipset(ipsetName string) (*ipList, bool) {
+	r, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
+	return r, ok
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) addIpList(ipsetName string, list *ipList) {
+	s.ipsets[ipsetName] = list
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) deleteIpset(ipsetName string) {
+	delete(s.ipsets, ipsetName)
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) ipsetNames() []string {
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(s.ipsets))
+	for name := range s.ipsets {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler
+func (s *ipsetStore) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		IPSets map[string]*ipList `json:"ipsets"`
+	}{
+		IPSets: s.ipsets,
+	})
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler
+func (s *ipsetStore) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	temp := struct {
+		IPSets map[string]*ipList `json:"ipsets"`
+	}{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &temp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.ipsets = temp.IPSets
+
+	if temp.IPSets == nil {
+		temp.IPSets = make(map[string]*ipList)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/iptables/state_linux.go

@@ -29,13 +29,17 @@ type ShutdownState struct {
 
 	InterfaceState *InterfaceState `json:"interface_state,omitempty"`
 
-	RouteRules         routeRules    `json:"route_rules,omitempty"`
-	RouteRules6        routeRules    `json:"route_rules_v6,omitempty"`
-	RouteIPsetCounter  *ipsetCounter `json:"route_ipset_counter,omitempty"`
-	RouteIPsetCounter6 *ipsetCounter `json:"route_ipset_counter_v6,omitempty"`
+	RouteRules        routeRules    `json:"route_rules,omitempty"`
+	RouteIPsetCounter *ipsetCounter `json:"route_ipset_counter,omitempty"`
 
-	ACLEntries  aclEntries `json:"acl_entries,omitempty"`
-	ACLEntries6 aclEntries `json:"acl_entries_v6,omitempty"`
+	ACLEntries    aclEntries  `json:"acl_entries,omitempty"`
+	ACLIPsetStore *ipsetStore `json:"acl_ipset_store,omitempty"`
+
+	// IPv6 counterparts
+	RouteRules6        routeRules    `json:"route_rules_v6,omitempty"`
+	RouteIPsetCounter6 *ipsetCounter `json:"route_ipset_counter_v6,omitempty"`
+	ACLEntries6        aclEntries    `json:"acl_entries_v6,omitempty"`
+	ACLIPsetStore6     *ipsetStore   `json:"acl_ipset_store_v6,omitempty"`
 }
 
 func (s *ShutdownState) Name() string {
@@ -53,14 +57,17 @@ func (s *ShutdownState) Cleanup() error {
 	}
 
 	if s.RouteRules != nil {
-		ipt.family4.rules = s.RouteRules
+		ipt.router.rules = s.RouteRules
 	}
 	if s.RouteIPsetCounter != nil {
-		ipt.family4.ipsetCounter.LoadData(s.RouteIPsetCounter)
+		ipt.router.ipsetCounter.LoadData(s.RouteIPsetCounter)
 	}
 
 	if s.ACLEntries != nil {
-		ipt.family4.entries = s.ACLEntries
+		ipt.aclMgr.entries = s.ACLEntries
+	}
+	if s.ACLIPsetStore != nil {
+		ipt.aclMgr.ipsetStore = s.ACLIPsetStore
 	}
 
 	// Clean up v6 state even if the current run has no IPv6.
@@ -72,13 +79,16 @@ func (s *ShutdownState) Cleanup() error {
 	}
 	if ipt.hasIPv6() {
 		if s.RouteRules6 != nil {
-			ipt.family6.rules = s.RouteRules6
+			ipt.router6.rules = s.RouteRules6
 		}
 		if s.RouteIPsetCounter6 != nil {
-			ipt.family6.ipsetCounter.LoadData(s.RouteIPsetCounter6)
+			ipt.router6.ipsetCounter.LoadData(s.RouteIPsetCounter6)
 		}
 		if s.ACLEntries6 != nil {
-			ipt.family6.entries = s.ACLEntries6
+			ipt.aclMgr6.entries = s.ACLEntries6
+		}
+		if s.ACLIPsetStore6 != nil {
+			ipt.aclMgr6.ipsetStore = s.ACLIPsetStore6
 		}
 	}
 

client/firewall/iptables/testhelpers_linux_test.go

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
-
-package iptables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-)
-
-func pfx(ip net.IP) []netip.Prefix {
-	if ip == nil {
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	if ip.IsUnspecified() {
-		if ip.To4() != nil {
-			return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-		}
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv6Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	a, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
-	if !ok {
-		panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid IP length: %d", len(ip)))
-	}
-	a = a.Unmap()
-	return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(a, a.BitLen())}
-}

client/firewall/manager/firewall.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package manager
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"sort"
 
@@ -15,12 +16,6 @@ import (
 // method but the IPv6 firewall components were not initialized.
 var ErrIPv6NotInitialized = errors.New("IPv6 firewall not initialized")
 
-// ErrNoSources is returned when AddFilterRule is called with an empty
-// source list. "Match any source" must be expressed explicitly with a
-// /0 prefix; an empty list is a caller error and is rejected rather
-// than silently widening the rule to every source.
-var ErrNoSources = errors.New("rule has no sources")
-
 const (
 	ForwardingFormatPrefix = "netbird-fwd-"
 	ForwardingFormat       = "netbird-fwd-%s-%t"
@@ -28,18 +23,13 @@ const (
 	NatFormat              = "netbird-nat-%s-%t"
 )
 
-// RuleID identifies a firewall rule. It is a typed string so the
-// compiler catches accidental mixing with arbitrary string keys. It is
-// only an identifier and does not implement Rule.
-type RuleID string
-
 // Rule abstraction should be implemented by each firewall manager
 //
 // Each firewall type for different OS can use different type
 // of the properties to hold data of the created rule
 type Rule interface {
 	// ID returns the rule id
-	ID() RuleID
+	ID() string
 }
 
 // RuleDirection is the traffic direction which a rule is applied
@@ -101,13 +91,6 @@ func (d Network) IsPrefix() bool {
 	return d.Prefix.IsValid()
 }
 
-// IsZero returns true if the network designates no destination, i.e. it
-// is the zero value. A zero Network is the peer-rule sentinel; a non-zero
-// one carries a prefix or set destination.
-func (d Network) IsZero() bool {
-	return !d.IsPrefix() && !d.IsSet()
-}
-
 // Manager is the high level abstraction of a firewall manager
 //
 // It declares methods which handle actions required by the
@@ -115,42 +98,46 @@ func (d Network) IsZero() bool {
 type Manager interface {
 	Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error
 
-	// AddFilterRule adds a packet-filtering rule to the firewall.
+	// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
+	AllowNetbird() error
+
+	// AddPeerFiltering adds a rule to the firewall
 	//
-	// If destination is the zero Network, the rule applies to traffic
-	// inbound to this node, i.e. peer ACL semantics, installed in
-	// the kernel's input chain. If destination is set (prefix or
-	// set), the rule applies to forwarded traffic with that
-	// destination, route ACL semantics, installed in the forward
-	// chain.
+	// If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
+	// rule ID as comment for the rule
 	//
-	// sources must be a single address family; the caller splits mixed
-	// families and calls once per family. "Match any source" must be
-	// expressed with an explicit /0 prefix; an empty sources list is
-	// rejected with ErrNoSources so a zeroed list can never widen a
-	// rule to every source.
-	//
-	// Note: callers should call Flush() after adding rules.
-	AddFilterRule(
+	// Note: Callers should call Flush() after adding rules to ensure
+	// they are applied to the kernel and rule handles are refreshed.
+	AddPeerFiltering(
 		id []byte,
-		sources []netip.Prefix,
-		destination Network,
+		ip net.IP,
 		proto Protocol,
 		sPort *Port,
 		dPort *Port,
 		action Action,
-	) (Rule, error)
+		ipsetName string,
+	) ([]Rule, error)
 
-	// DeleteFilterRule removes a filtering rule previously added via
-	// AddFilterRule. The rule's own type identifies whether it lives
-	// in the peer (input) or route (forward) path.
-	DeleteFilterRule(rule Rule) error
+	// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+	DeletePeerRule(rule Rule) error
 
 	// IsServerRouteSupported returns true if the firewall supports server side routing operations
 	IsServerRouteSupported() bool
 
 	IsStateful() bool
 
+	AddRouteFiltering(
+		id []byte,
+		sources []netip.Prefix,
+		destination Network,
+		proto Protocol,
+		sPort, dPort *Port,
+		action Action,
+	) (Rule, error)
+
+	// DeleteRouteRule deletes a routing rule
+	DeleteRouteRule(rule Rule) error
+
 	// AddNatRule inserts a routing NAT rule
 	AddNatRule(pair RouterPair) error
 
@@ -198,9 +185,8 @@ type Manager interface {
 	SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack(proxyPort, wgPort uint16) error
 }
 
-// GenKey builds the rule id for this pair from the given format.
-func (p RouterPair) GenKey(format string) RuleID {
-	return RuleID(fmt.Sprintf(format, p.ID, p.Inverse))
+func GenKey(format string, pair RouterPair) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(format, pair.ID, pair.Inverse)
 }
 
 // LegacyManager defines the interface for legacy management operations
@@ -256,20 +242,6 @@ func MergeIPRanges(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []netip.Prefix {
 	return merged
 }
 
-// UnmapPrefix normalizes a v4-mapped v6 prefix (::ffff:a.b.c.d) to its
-// plain v4 form, shifting the prefix length out of the 96-bit mapped
-// range. Other prefixes are returned unchanged. Keeping prefixes
-// unmapped ensures v4 rules match consistently and the match builders
-// read the correct address length.
-func UnmapPrefix(p netip.Prefix) netip.Prefix {
-	addr := p.Addr()
-	if !addr.Is4In6() {
-		return p
-	}
-	bits := max(p.Bits()-96, 0)
-	return netip.PrefixFrom(addr.Unmap(), bits)
-}
-
 // SortPrefixes sorts the given slice of netip.Prefix in place.
 // It sorts first by IP address, then by prefix length (most specific to least specific).
 func SortPrefixes(prefixes []netip.Prefix) {

client/firewall/manager/forward_rule.go

@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ type ForwardRule struct {
 	TranslatedPort    Port
 }
 
-func (r ForwardRule) ID() RuleID {
+func (r ForwardRule) ID() string {
 	id := fmt.Sprintf("%s;%s;%s;%s",
 		r.Protocol,
 		r.DestinationPort.String(),
 		r.TranslatedAddress.String(),
 		r.TranslatedPort.String())
-	return RuleID(id)
+	return id
 }
 
 func (r ForwardRule) String() string {

client/firewall/manager/set.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (h Set) Comment() string {
 
 // NewPrefixSet generates a unique name for an ipset based on the given prefixes.
 func NewPrefixSet(prefixes []netip.Prefix) Set {
-	prefixes = slices.Clone(prefixes)
+	// sort for consistent naming
 	SortPrefixes(prefixes)
 
 	hash := sha256.New()

client/firewall/nftables/acl_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,713 @@
+package nftables
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/nftables"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
+
+	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
+)
+
+const (
+
+	// rules chains contains the effective ACL rules
+	chainNameInputRules = "netbird-acl-input-rules"
+
+	// filter chains contains the rules that jump to the rules chains
+	chainNameInputFilter       = "netbird-acl-input-filter"
+	chainNameForwardFilter     = "netbird-acl-forward-filter"
+	chainNameManglePrerouting  = "netbird-mangle-prerouting"
+	chainNameManglePostrouting = "netbird-mangle-postrouting"
+)
+
+const flushError = "flush: %w"
+
+type AclManager struct {
+	rConn              *nftables.Conn
+	sConn              *nftables.Conn
+	wgIface            iFaceMapper
+	routingFwChainName string
+	af                 addrFamily
+
+	workTable       *nftables.Table
+	chainInputRules *nftables.Chain
+	chainPrerouting *nftables.Chain
+
+	ipsetStore *ipsetStore
+	rules      map[string]*Rule
+}
+
+func newAclManager(table *nftables.Table, wgIface iFaceMapper, routingFwChainName string) (*AclManager, error) {
+	// sConn is used for creating sets and adding/removing elements from them
+	// it's differ then rConn (which does create new conn for each flush operation)
+	// and is permanent. Using same connection for both type of operations
+	// overloads netlink with high amount of rules ( > 10000)
+	sConn, err := nftables.New(nftables.AsLasting())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create nf conn: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &AclManager{
+		rConn:              &nftables.Conn{},
+		sConn:              sConn,
+		wgIface:            wgIface,
+		workTable:          table,
+		routingFwChainName: routingFwChainName,
+		af:                 familyForAddr(table.Family == nftables.TableFamilyIPv4),
+
+		ipsetStore: newIpsetStore(),
+		rules:      make(map[string]*Rule),
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) init(workTable *nftables.Table) error {
+	m.workTable = workTable
+	return m.createDefaultChains()
+}
+
+// AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
+//
+// If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
+// rule ID as comment for the rule
+func (m *AclManager) AddPeerFiltering(
+	id []byte,
+	ip net.IP,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+	var ipset *nftables.Set
+	if ipsetName != "" {
+		var err error
+		ipset, err = m.addIpToSet(ipsetName, ip)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	newRules := make([]firewall.Rule, 0, 2)
+	ioRule, err := m.addIOFiltering(ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipset)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	newRules = append(newRules, ioRule)
+	return newRules, nil
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *AclManager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid rule type")
+	}
+
+	if r.nftSet == nil {
+		if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.nftRule); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
+		}
+		if r.mangleRule != nil {
+			if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.mangleRule); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to delete mangle rule: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+		delete(m.rules, r.ID())
+		return m.rConn.Flush()
+	}
+
+	ips, ok := m.ipsetStore.ips(r.nftSet.Name)
+	if !ok {
+		if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.nftRule); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
+		}
+		if r.mangleRule != nil {
+			if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.mangleRule); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to delete mangle rule: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+		delete(m.rules, r.ID())
+		return m.rConn.Flush()
+	}
+
+	if _, ok := ips[r.ip.String()]; ok {
+		err := m.sConn.SetDeleteElements(r.nftSet, []nftables.SetElement{{Key: ipToBytes(r.ip, m.af)}})
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("delete elements for set %q: %v", r.nftSet.Name, err)
+		}
+		if err := m.sConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("flush error of set delete element, %s", r.nftSet.Name)
+			return err
+		}
+		m.ipsetStore.DeleteIpFromSet(r.nftSet.Name, r.ip)
+	}
+
+	// if after delete, set still contains other IPs,
+	// no need to delete firewall rule and we should exit here
+	if len(ips) > 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.nftRule); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
+	}
+	if r.mangleRule != nil {
+		if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r.mangleRule); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to delete mangle rule: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	delete(m.rules, r.ID())
+	m.ipsetStore.DeleteReferenceFromIpSet(r.nftSet.Name)
+
+	if m.ipsetStore.HasReferenceToSet(r.nftSet.Name) {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// we delete last IP from the set, that means we need to delete
+	// set itself and associated firewall rule too
+	m.rConn.FlushSet(r.nftSet)
+	m.rConn.DelSet(r.nftSet)
+	m.ipsetStore.deleteIpset(r.nftSet.Name)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// createDefaultAllowRules creates default allow rules for the input and output chains
+func (m *AclManager) createDefaultAllowRules() error {
+	expIn := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
+		},
+	}
+
+	_ = m.rConn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    m.workTable,
+		Chain:    m.chainInputRules,
+		Position: 0,
+		Exprs:    expIn,
+	})
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Flush rule/chain/set operations from the buffer
+//
+// Method also get all rules after flush and refreshes handle values in the rulesets
+func (m *AclManager) Flush() error {
+	if err := m.flushWithBackoff(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := m.refreshRuleHandles(m.chainInputRules, false); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to refresh rule handles ipv4 input chain: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := m.refreshRuleHandles(m.chainPrerouting, true); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to refresh rule handles prerouting chain: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addIOFiltering(
+	ip net.IP,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+	ipset *nftables.Set,
+) (*Rule, error) {
+	ruleId := generatePeerRuleId(ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipset)
+	if r, ok := m.rules[ruleId]; ok {
+		return &Rule{
+			nftRule:    r.nftRule,
+			mangleRule: r.mangleRule,
+			nftSet:     r.nftSet,
+			ruleID:     r.ruleID,
+			ip:         ip,
+		}, nil
+	}
+
+	var expressions []expr.Any
+
+	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
+		expressions = append(expressions, &expr.Payload{
+			DestRegister: 1,
+			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
+			Offset:       m.af.protoOffset,
+			Len:          uint32(1),
+		})
+
+		protoData, err := m.af.protoNum(proto)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		expressions = append(expressions, &expr.Cmp{
+			Register: 1,
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Data:     []byte{protoData},
+		})
+	}
+
+	rawIP := ipToBytes(ip, m.af)
+	// check if rawIP contains zeroed IPv4 0.0.0.0 value
+	// in that case not add IP match expression into the rule definition
+	if slices.ContainsFunc(rawIP, func(v byte) bool { return v != 0 }) {
+		expressions = append(expressions,
+			&expr.Payload{
+				DestRegister: 1,
+				Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
+				Offset:       m.af.srcAddrOffset,
+				Len:          m.af.addrLen,
+			},
+		)
+		// add individual IP for match if no ipset defined
+		if ipset == nil {
+			expressions = append(expressions,
+				&expr.Cmp{
+					Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+					Register: 1,
+					Data:     rawIP,
+				},
+			)
+		} else {
+			expressions = append(expressions,
+				&expr.Lookup{
+					SourceRegister: 1,
+					SetName:        ipset.Name,
+					SetID:          ipset.ID,
+				},
+			)
+		}
+	}
+
+	expressions = append(expressions, applyPort(sPort, true)...)
+	expressions = append(expressions, applyPort(dPort, false)...)
+
+	mainExpressions := slices.Clone(expressions)
+
+	switch action {
+	case firewall.ActionAccept:
+		mainExpressions = append(mainExpressions, &expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictAccept})
+	case firewall.ActionDrop:
+		mainExpressions = append(mainExpressions, &expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictDrop})
+	}
+
+	userData := []byte(ruleId)
+
+	chain := m.chainInputRules
+	rule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    m.workTable,
+		Chain:    chain,
+		Exprs:    mainExpressions,
+		UserData: userData,
+	}
+
+	// Insert DROP rules at the beginning, append ACCEPT rules at the end
+	var nftRule *nftables.Rule
+	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+		nftRule = m.rConn.InsertRule(rule)
+	} else {
+		nftRule = m.rConn.AddRule(rule)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush input rule %s: %v", ruleId, err)
+	}
+
+	ruleStruct := &Rule{
+		nftRule: nftRule,
+		// best effort mangle rule
+		mangleRule: m.createPreroutingRule(expressions, userData),
+		nftSet:     ipset,
+		ruleID:     ruleId,
+		ip:         ip,
+	}
+	m.rules[ruleId] = ruleStruct
+	if ipset != nil {
+		m.ipsetStore.AddReferenceToIpset(ipset.Name)
+	}
+
+	return ruleStruct, nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) createPreroutingRule(expressions []expr.Any, userData []byte) *nftables.Rule {
+	if m.chainPrerouting == nil {
+		log.Warn("prerouting chain is not created")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	preroutingExprs := slices.Clone(expressions)
+
+	// interface
+	preroutingExprs = append([]expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(m.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+	}, preroutingExprs...)
+
+	// local destination and mark
+	preroutingExprs = append(preroutingExprs,
+		&expr.Fib{
+			Register:       1,
+			ResultADDRTYPE: true,
+			FlagDADDR:      true,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(unix.RTN_LOCAL),
+		},
+
+		&expr.Immediate{
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
+		},
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:            expr.MetaKeyMARK,
+			Register:       1,
+			SourceRegister: true,
+		},
+	)
+
+	nfRule := m.rConn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    m.workTable,
+		Chain:    m.chainPrerouting,
+		Exprs:    preroutingExprs,
+		UserData: userData,
+	})
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to flush mangle rule %s: %v", string(userData), err)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return nfRule
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) createDefaultChains() (err error) {
+	// chainNameInputRules
+	chain := m.createChain(chainNameInputRules)
+	err = m.rConn.Flush()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chain.Name, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+	m.chainInputRules = chain
+
+	// netbird-acl-input-filter
+	// type filter hook input priority filter; policy accept;
+	chain = m.createFilterChainWithHook(chainNameInputFilter, nftables.ChainHookInput)
+	m.addJumpRule(chain, m.chainInputRules.Name, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME) // to netbird-acl-input-rules
+	m.addDropExpressions(chain, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME)
+	err = m.rConn.Flush()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chain.Name, err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// netbird-acl-forward-filter
+	chainFwFilter := m.createFilterChainWithHook(chainNameForwardFilter, nftables.ChainHookForward)
+	m.addJumpRulesToRtForward(chainFwFilter) // to netbird-rt-fwd
+	m.addDropExpressions(chainFwFilter, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME)
+
+	err = m.rConn.Flush()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chainNameForwardFilter, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.allowRedirectedTraffic(chainFwFilter); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to allow redirected traffic: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Makes redirected traffic originally destined for the host itself (now subject to the forward filter)
+// go through the input filter as well. This will enable e.g. Docker services to keep working by accessing the
+// netbird peer IP.
+func (m *AclManager) allowRedirectedTraffic(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) error {
+	// Chain is created by route manager
+	// TODO: move creation to a common place
+	m.chainPrerouting = &nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNameManglePrerouting,
+		Table:    m.workTable,
+		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
+		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
+	}
+
+	m.addFwmarkToForward(chainFwFilter)
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addFwmarkToForward(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) {
+	m.rConn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: m.workTable,
+		Chain: chainFwFilter,
+		Exprs: []expr.Any{
+			&expr.Meta{
+				Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
+				Register: 1,
+			},
+			&expr.Cmp{
+				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+				Register: 1,
+				Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
+			},
+			&expr.Verdict{
+				Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
+			},
+		},
+	})
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addJumpRulesToRtForward(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) {
+	expressions := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(m.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind:  expr.VerdictJump,
+			Chain: m.routingFwChainName,
+		},
+	}
+
+	_ = m.rConn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: m.workTable,
+		Chain: chainFwFilter,
+		Exprs: expressions,
+	})
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) createChain(name string) *nftables.Chain {
+	chain := &nftables.Chain{
+		Name:  name,
+		Table: m.workTable,
+	}
+
+	chain = m.rConn.AddChain(chain)
+
+	insertReturnTrafficRule(m.rConn, m.workTable, chain)
+
+	return chain
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) createFilterChainWithHook(name string, hookNum *nftables.ChainHook) *nftables.Chain {
+	polAccept := nftables.ChainPolicyAccept
+	chain := &nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     name,
+		Table:    m.workTable,
+		Hooknum:  hookNum,
+		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
+		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+		Policy:   &polAccept,
+	}
+
+	return m.rConn.AddChain(chain)
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addDropExpressions(chain *nftables.Chain, ifaceKey expr.MetaKey) []expr.Any {
+	expressions := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{Key: ifaceKey, Register: 1},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(m.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+		&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictDrop},
+	}
+	_ = m.rConn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: m.workTable,
+		Chain: chain,
+		Exprs: expressions,
+	})
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addJumpRule(chain *nftables.Chain, to string, ifaceKey expr.MetaKey) {
+	expressions := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{Key: ifaceKey, Register: 1},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(m.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind:  expr.VerdictJump,
+			Chain: to,
+		},
+	}
+
+	_ = m.rConn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: chain.Table,
+		Chain: chain,
+		Exprs: expressions,
+	})
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) addIpToSet(ipsetName string, ip net.IP) (*nftables.Set, error) {
+	ipset, err := m.rConn.GetSetByName(m.workTable, ipsetName)
+	rawIP := ipToBytes(ip, m.af)
+	if err != nil {
+		if ipset, err = m.createSet(m.workTable, ipsetName); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("get set name: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		m.ipsetStore.newIpset(ipset.Name)
+	}
+
+	if m.ipsetStore.IsIpInSet(ipset.Name, ip) {
+		return ipset, nil
+	}
+
+	if err := m.sConn.SetAddElements(ipset, []nftables.SetElement{{Key: rawIP}}); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add set element for the first time: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	m.ipsetStore.AddIpToSet(ipset.Name, ip)
+
+	if err := m.sConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush add elements: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return ipset, nil
+}
+
+// createSet in given table by name
+func (m *AclManager) createSet(table *nftables.Table, name string) (*nftables.Set, error) {
+	ipset := &nftables.Set{
+		Name:    name,
+		Table:   table,
+		Dynamic: true,
+		KeyType: m.af.setKeyType,
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.AddSet(ipset, nil); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create set: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush created set: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return ipset, nil
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) flushWithBackoff() (err error) {
+	backoff := 4
+	backoffTime := 1000 * time.Millisecond
+	for i := 0; ; i++ {
+		err = m.rConn.Flush()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("failed to flush nftables: %v", err)
+			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "busy") {
+				return
+			}
+			log.Error("failed to flush nftables, retrying...")
+			if i == backoff-1 {
+				return err
+			}
+			time.Sleep(backoffTime)
+			backoffTime *= 2
+			continue
+		}
+		break
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (m *AclManager) refreshRuleHandles(chain *nftables.Chain, mangle bool) error {
+	if m.workTable == nil || chain == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	list, err := m.rConn.GetRules(m.workTable, chain)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, rule := range list {
+		if len(rule.UserData) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		split := bytes.Split(rule.UserData, []byte(" "))
+		r, ok := m.rules[string(split[0])]
+		if ok {
+			if mangle {
+				*r.mangleRule = *rule
+			} else {
+				*r.nftRule = *rule
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func generatePeerRuleId(ip net.IP, proto firewall.Protocol, sPort *firewall.Port, dPort *firewall.Port, action firewall.Action, ipset *nftables.Set) string {
+	rulesetID := ":" + string(proto) + ":"
+	if sPort != nil {
+		rulesetID += sPort.String()
+	}
+	rulesetID += ":"
+	if dPort != nil {
+		rulesetID += dPort.String()
+	}
+	rulesetID += ":"
+	rulesetID += strconv.Itoa(int(action))
+	if ipset == nil {
+		return "ip:" + ip.String() + rulesetID
+	}
+	return "set:" + ipset.Name + rulesetID
+}
+
+func ifname(n string) []byte {
+	b := make([]byte, 16)
+	copy(b, n+"\x00")
+	return b
+}
+
+
+// ipToBytes converts net.IP to the correct byte length for the address family.
+func ipToBytes(ip net.IP, af addrFamily) []byte {
+	if af.addrLen == 4 {
+		return ip.To4()
+	}
+	return ip.To16()
+}
+

client/firewall/nftables/chains_linux.go

@@ -1,882 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"slices"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/firewalld"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
-)
-
-func (r *family) createContainers() error {
-	r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:  chainNameRoutingFw,
-		Table: r.workTable,
-	})
-
-	prio := *nftables.ChainPriorityNATSource - 1
-	r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameRoutingNat,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPostrouting,
-		Priority: &prio,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-	})
-
-	r.chains[chainNameRoutingRdr] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameRoutingRdr,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityNATDest,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-	})
-
-	r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameManglePostrouting,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPostrouting,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	})
-
-	r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameManglePrerouting,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	})
-
-	r.chains[chainNameMangleForward] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameMangleForward,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	})
-
-	insertReturnTrafficRule(r.conn, r.workTable, r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw])
-
-	r.addPostroutingRules()
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("initialize tables: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.addMSSClampingRules(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to add MSS clamping rules: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	// Kernel routing opens both INPUT and FORWARD.
-	if err := r.openInterface(true); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to open interface in foreign chains: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := firewalld.TrustInterface(r.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("failed to trust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to refresh rules: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// setupDataPlaneMark configures the fwmark for the data plane
-func (r *family) setupDataPlaneMark() error {
-	if r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting] == nil || r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting] == nil {
-		return errors.New("no mangle chains found")
-	}
-
-	ctNew := getCtNewExprs()
-	preExprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-	}
-	preExprs = append(preExprs, ctNew...)
-	preExprs = append(preExprs,
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.DataPlaneMarkIn),
-		},
-		&expr.Ct{
-			Key:            expr.CtKeyMARK,
-			Register:       1,
-			SourceRegister: true,
-		},
-	)
-
-	preNftRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting],
-		Exprs: preExprs,
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(preNftRule)
-
-	postExprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-	}
-	postExprs = append(postExprs, ctNew...)
-	postExprs = append(postExprs,
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.DataPlaneMarkOut),
-		},
-		&expr.Ct{
-			Key:            expr.CtKeyMARK,
-			Register:       1,
-			SourceRegister: true,
-		},
-	)
-
-	postNftRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting],
-		Exprs: postExprs,
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(postNftRule)
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flush: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// openInterface adds passthrough accept rules for the NetBird interface to the
-// kernel's filter table and external chains so they don't drop our traffic.
-// includeForward also opens the FORWARD chains (kernel routing); when false only
-// INPUT is opened, which is all the userspace router needs since it never
-// forwards in the kernel.
-func (r *family) openInterface(includeForward bool) error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if err := r.acceptFilterTableRules(includeForward); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.acceptExternalChainsRules(includeForward); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add accept rules to external chains: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) acceptFilterTableRules(includeForward bool) error {
-	if r.filterTable == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	fw := "iptables"
-
-	defer func() {
-		log.Debugf("Used %s to add accept input/forward rules", fw)
-	}()
-
-	// Try iptables first and fallback to nftables if iptables is not available.
-	// Use the correct protocol (iptables vs ip6tables) for the address family.
-	ipt, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(r.iptablesProto())
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("Will use nftables to manipulate the filter table because iptables is not available: %v", err)
-
-		fw = "nftables"
-		return r.acceptFilterRulesNftables(r.filterTable, includeForward)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.acceptFilterRulesIptables(ipt, includeForward); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("iptables failed (table may be incompatible), falling back to nftables: %v", err)
-		fw = "nftables"
-		return r.acceptFilterRulesNftables(r.filterTable, includeForward)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) acceptFilterRulesIptables(ipt *iptables.IPTables, includeForward bool) error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if includeForward {
-		for _, rule := range r.getAcceptForwardRules() {
-			if err := ipt.Insert("filter", chainNameForward, 1, rule...); err != nil {
-				merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add iptables forward rule: %v", err))
-			} else {
-				log.Debugf("added iptables forward rule: %v", rule)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	inputRule := r.getAcceptInputRule()
-	if err := ipt.Insert("filter", chainNameInput, 1, inputRule...); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add iptables input rule: %v", err))
-	} else {
-		log.Debugf("added iptables input rule: %v", inputRule)
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) getAcceptForwardRules() [][]string {
-	intf := r.wgIface.Name()
-	return [][]string{
-		{"-i", intf, "-j", "ACCEPT"},
-		{"-o", intf, "-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"},
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) getAcceptInputRule() []string {
-	return []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "ACCEPT"}
-}
-
-// acceptFilterRulesNftables adds accept rules to the ip filter table using nftables.
-// This is used when iptables is not available.
-func (r *family) acceptFilterRulesNftables(table *nftables.Table, includeForward bool) error {
-	intf := ifname(r.wgIface.Name())
-
-	if includeForward {
-		forwardChain := &nftables.Chain{
-			Name:     chainNameForward,
-			Table:    table,
-			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
-			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
-		}
-		r.insertForwardAcceptRules(forwardChain, intf)
-	}
-
-	inputChain := &nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameInput,
-		Table:    table,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookInput,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
-	}
-	r.insertInputAcceptRule(inputChain, intf)
-
-	return r.conn.Flush()
-}
-
-// acceptExternalChainsRules adds accept rules to external chains (non-netbird, non-iptables tables).
-// It dynamically finds chains at call time to handle chains that may have been created after startup.
-func (r *family) acceptExternalChainsRules(includeForward bool) error {
-	chains := r.findExternalChains()
-	if len(chains) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	intf := ifname(r.wgIface.Name())
-	for _, chain := range chains {
-		r.applyExternalChainAccept(chain, intf, includeForward)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flush external chain rules: %w", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) applyExternalChainAccept(chain *nftables.Chain, intf []byte, includeForward bool) {
-	if chain.Hooknum == nil {
-		log.Debugf("skipping external chain %s/%s: hooknum is nil", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-		return
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("adding accept rules to external %s chain: %s %s/%s",
-		hookName(chain.Hooknum), familyName(chain.Table.Family), chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-
-	switch *chain.Hooknum {
-	case *nftables.ChainHookForward:
-		if includeForward {
-			r.insertForwardAcceptRules(chain, intf)
-		}
-	case *nftables.ChainHookInput:
-		r.insertInputAcceptRule(chain, intf)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) insertForwardAcceptRules(chain *nftables.Chain, intf []byte) {
-	existing, err := r.existingNetbirdRulesInChain(chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("skip forward accept rules in %s/%s: %v", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name, err)
-		return
-	}
-	r.insertForwardIifRule(chain, intf, existing)
-	r.insertForwardOifEstablishedRule(chain, intf, existing)
-}
-
-func (r *family) insertForwardIifRule(chain *nftables.Chain, intf []byte, existing map[string]bool) {
-	if existing[userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif] {
-		return
-	}
-	r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: chain.Table,
-		Chain: chain,
-		Exprs: []expr.Any{
-			&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-			&expr.Cmp{Op: expr.CmpOpEq, Register: 1, Data: intf},
-			&expr.Counter{},
-			&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictAccept},
-		},
-		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif),
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) insertForwardOifEstablishedRule(chain *nftables.Chain, intf []byte, existing map[string]bool) {
-	if existing[userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif] {
-		return
-	}
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{Op: expr.CmpOpEq, Register: 1, Data: intf},
-	}
-	r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    chain.Table,
-		Chain:    chain,
-		Exprs:    append(exprs, getEstablishedExprs(2)...),
-		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif),
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) insertInputAcceptRule(chain *nftables.Chain, intf []byte) {
-	existing, err := r.existingNetbirdRulesInChain(chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("skip input accept rule in %s/%s: %v", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name, err)
-		return
-	}
-	if existing[userDataAcceptInputRule] {
-		return
-	}
-	r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: chain.Table,
-		Chain: chain,
-		Exprs: []expr.Any{
-			&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-			&expr.Cmp{Op: expr.CmpOpEq, Register: 1, Data: intf},
-			&expr.Counter{},
-			&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictAccept},
-		},
-		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptInputRule),
-	})
-}
-
-// existingNetbirdRulesInChain returns the set of netbird-owned UserData tags present in a chain; callers must bail on error since InsertRule is additive.
-func (r *family) existingNetbirdRulesInChain(chain *nftables.Chain) (map[string]bool, error) {
-	rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list rules: %w", err)
-	}
-	present := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if !isNetbirdAcceptRuleTag(rule.UserData) {
-			continue
-		}
-		present[string(rule.UserData)] = true
-	}
-	return present, nil
-}
-
-func isNetbirdAcceptRuleTag(userData []byte) bool {
-	switch string(userData) {
-	case userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif,
-		userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif,
-		userDataAcceptInputRule:
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeAcceptFilterRules() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if err := r.removeFilterTableRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeExternalChainsRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove external chain rules: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeFilterTableRules() error {
-	if r.filterTable == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	ipt, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(r.iptablesProto())
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("iptables not available, using nftables to remove filter rules: %v", err)
-		return r.removeAcceptRulesFromTable(r.filterTable)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeAcceptFilterRulesIptables(ipt); err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("iptables removal failed (table may be incompatible), falling back to nftables: %v", err)
-		return r.removeAcceptRulesFromTable(r.filterTable)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeAcceptRulesFromTable(table *nftables.Table) error {
-	chains, err := r.conn.ListChainsOfTableFamily(table.Family)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list chains: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, chain := range chains {
-		if chain.Table.Name != table.Name {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if chain.Name != chainNameForward && chain.Name != chainNameInput {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if err := r.removeAcceptRulesFromChain(table, chain); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return r.conn.Flush()
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeAcceptRulesFromChain(table *nftables.Table, chain *nftables.Chain) error {
-	rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(table, chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get rules from %s/%s: %v", table.Name, chain.Name, err)
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif)) ||
-			bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif)) ||
-			bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptInputRule)) {
-			if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("delete rule from %s/%s: %v", table.Name, chain.Name, err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// removeExternalChainsRules removes our accept rules from all external chains.
-// This is deterministic - it scans for chains at removal time rather than relying on saved state,
-// ensuring cleanup works even after a crash or if chains changed.
-func (r *family) removeExternalChainsRules() error {
-	chains := r.findExternalChains()
-	if len(chains) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, chain := range chains {
-		if err := r.removeAcceptRulesFromChain(chain.Table, chain); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove rules from external chain %s/%s: %w", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name, err))
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("flush external chain %s/%s: %w", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// findExternalChains scans for chains from non-netbird tables that have FORWARD or INPUT hooks.
-// This is used both at startup (to know where to add rules) and at cleanup (to ensure deterministic removal).
-func (r *family) findExternalChains() []*nftables.Chain {
-	var chains []*nftables.Chain
-
-	families := []nftables.TableFamily{r.af.tableFamily, nftables.TableFamilyINet}
-
-	for _, family := range families {
-		allChains, err := r.conn.ListChainsOfTableFamily(family)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Debugf("list chains for family %d: %v", family, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		for _, chain := range allChains {
-			if r.isExternalChain(chain) {
-				chains = append(chains, chain)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return chains
-}
-
-func (r *family) isExternalChain(chain *nftables.Chain) bool {
-	if r.workTable != nil && chain.Table.Name == r.workTable.Name {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Skip firewalld-owned chains. Firewalld creates its chains with the
-	// NFT_CHAIN_OWNER flag, so inserting rules into them returns EPERM.
-	// We delegate acceptance to firewalld by trusting the interface instead.
-	if chain.Table.Name == firewalldTableName {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Skip iptables/ip6tables-managed tables (adding nft-native rules breaks iptables-save compat)
-	if (chain.Table.Family == nftables.TableFamilyIPv4 || chain.Table.Family == nftables.TableFamilyIPv6) && isIptablesTable(chain.Table.Name) {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if chain.Type != nftables.ChainTypeFilter {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if chain.Hooknum == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	return *chain.Hooknum == *nftables.ChainHookForward || *chain.Hooknum == *nftables.ChainHookInput
-}
-
-func isIptablesTable(name string) bool {
-	switch name {
-	case tableNameFilter, tableNat, tableMangle, tableRaw, tableSecurity:
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeAcceptFilterRulesIptables(ipt *iptables.IPTables) error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	for _, rule := range r.getAcceptForwardRules() {
-		if err := ipt.DeleteIfExists("filter", chainNameForward, rule...); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove iptables forward rule: %v", err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	inputRule := r.getAcceptInputRule()
-	if err := ipt.DeleteIfExists("filter", chainNameInput, inputRule...); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove iptables input rule: %v", err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// Flush rule/chain/set operations from the buffer
-//
-// Method also get all rules after flush and refreshes handle values in the rulesets
-func (r *family) Flush() error {
-	if err := r.flushWithBackoff(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := r.refreshRuleHandles(r.chainInputRules, false); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to refresh rule handles ipv4 input chain: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := r.refreshRuleHandles(r.chainPrerouting, true); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to refresh rule handles prerouting chain: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) createPreroutingRule(expressions []expr.Any, userData []byte) *nftables.Rule {
-	if r.chainPrerouting == nil {
-		log.Warn("prerouting chain is not created")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	preroutingExprs := slices.Clone(expressions)
-
-	// interface
-	preroutingExprs = append([]expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-	}, preroutingExprs...)
-
-	// local destination and mark
-	preroutingExprs = append(preroutingExprs,
-		&expr.Fib{
-			Register:       1,
-			ResultADDRTYPE: true,
-			FlagDADDR:      true,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(unix.RTN_LOCAL),
-		},
-
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:            expr.MetaKeyMARK,
-			Register:       1,
-			SourceRegister: true,
-		},
-	)
-
-	nfRule := r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chainPrerouting,
-		Exprs:    preroutingExprs,
-		UserData: userData,
-	})
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to flush mangle rule %s: %v", string(userData), err)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return nfRule
-}
-
-func (r *family) createDefaultChains() (err error) {
-	// chainNameInputRules
-	chain := r.createChain(chainNameInputRules)
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chain.Name, err)
-		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-	}
-	r.chainInputRules = chain
-
-	// netbird-acl-input-filter
-	// type filter hook input priority filter; policy accept;
-	chain = r.createFilterChainWithHook(chainNameInputFilter, nftables.ChainHookInput)
-	r.addJumpRule(chain, r.chainInputRules.Name, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME) // to netbird-acl-input-rules
-	r.addDropExpressions(chain, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME)
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chain.Name, err)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// netbird-acl-forward-filter
-	chainFwFilter := r.createFilterChainWithHook(chainNameForwardFilter, nftables.ChainHookForward)
-	r.addJumpRulesToRtForward(chainFwFilter) // to netbird-rt-fwd
-	r.addDropExpressions(chainFwFilter, expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME)
-
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to create chain (%s): %s", chainNameForwardFilter, err)
-		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.allowRedirectedTraffic(chainFwFilter); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to allow redirected traffic: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Makes redirected traffic originally destined for the host itself (now subject to the forward filter)
-// go through the input filter as well. This will enable e.g. Docker services to keep working by accessing the
-// netbird peer IP.
-func (r *family) allowRedirectedTraffic(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) error {
-	r.chainPrerouting = r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting]
-
-	r.addFwmarkToForward(chainFwFilter)
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addFwmarkToForward(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) {
-	r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: chainFwFilter,
-		Exprs: []expr.Any{
-			&expr.Meta{
-				Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
-				Register: 1,
-			},
-			&expr.Cmp{
-				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-				Register: 1,
-				Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected),
-			},
-			&expr.Verdict{
-				Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
-			},
-		},
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) addJumpRulesToRtForward(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) {
-	expressions := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Verdict{
-			Kind:  expr.VerdictJump,
-			Chain: r.routingFwChainName,
-		},
-	}
-
-	_ = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: chainFwFilter,
-		Exprs: expressions,
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) createChain(name string) *nftables.Chain {
-	chain := &nftables.Chain{
-		Name:  name,
-		Table: r.workTable,
-	}
-
-	chain = r.conn.AddChain(chain)
-
-	insertReturnTrafficRule(r.conn, r.workTable, chain)
-
-	return chain
-}
-
-func (r *family) createFilterChainWithHook(name string, hookNum *nftables.ChainHook) *nftables.Chain {
-	polAccept := nftables.ChainPolicyAccept
-	chain := &nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     name,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  hookNum,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-		Policy:   &polAccept,
-	}
-
-	return r.conn.AddChain(chain)
-}
-
-func (r *family) addDropExpressions(chain *nftables.Chain, ifaceKey expr.MetaKey) []expr.Any {
-	expressions := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: ifaceKey, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictDrop},
-	}
-	_ = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: chain,
-		Exprs: expressions,
-	})
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addJumpRule(chain *nftables.Chain, to string, ifaceKey expr.MetaKey) {
-	expressions := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: ifaceKey, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Verdict{
-			Kind:  expr.VerdictJump,
-			Chain: to,
-		},
-	}
-
-	_ = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: chain.Table,
-		Chain: chain,
-		Exprs: expressions,
-	})
-}
-
-func (r *family) flushWithBackoff() (err error) {
-	backoff := 4
-	backoffTime := 1000 * time.Millisecond
-	for i := 0; ; i++ {
-		err = r.conn.Flush()
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Debugf("failed to flush nftables: %v", err)
-			if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "busy") {
-				return
-			}
-			log.Error("failed to flush nftables, retrying...")
-			if i == backoff-1 {
-				return err
-			}
-			time.Sleep(backoffTime)
-			backoffTime *= 2
-			continue
-		}
-		break
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-func (r *family) refreshRuleHandles(chain *nftables.Chain, mangle bool) error {
-	if r.workTable == nil || chain == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	list, err := r.conn.GetRules(r.workTable, chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range list {
-		if len(rule.UserData) == 0 {
-			continue
-		}
-		pr, ok := r.filters[firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData)]
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if mangle {
-			if pr.mangleRule != nil {
-				*pr.mangleRule = *rule
-			}
-		} else {
-			*pr.nftRule = *rule
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/nftables/dnat_linux.go

@@ -1,550 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/xt"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-func (r *family) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix]; exists {
-		return rule, nil
-	}
-
-	protoNum, err := r.af.protoNum(rule.Protocol)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Request forwarding once the rule is about to be installed, releasing
-	// it if a later step fails so the refcount tracks the real rules.
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	if err := r.addDnatRedirect(rule, protoNum, ruleID); err != nil {
-		r.releaseForwarding()
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	r.addDnatMasq(rule, protoNum, ruleID)
-
-	// Unlike iptables, there's no point in adding "out" rules in the forward chain here as our policy is ACCEPT.
-	// To overcome DROP policies in other chains, we'd have to add rules to the chains there.
-	// We also cannot just add "oif <iface> accept" there and filter in our own table as we don't know what is supposed to be allowed.
-	// TODO: find chains with drop policies and add rules there
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		r.releaseForwarding()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush rules: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return &rule, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addDnatRedirect(rule firewall.ForwardRule, protoNum uint8, ruleID firewall.RuleID) error {
-	dnatExprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{protoNum},
-		},
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
-			Offset:       2,
-			Len:          2,
-		},
-	}
-	dnatExprs = append(dnatExprs, applyPort(&rule.DestinationPort, false)...)
-
-	// shifted translated port is not supported in nftables, so we hand this over to xtables
-	if rule.TranslatedPort.IsRange && len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 2 {
-		if rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0] != rule.DestinationPort.Values[0] ||
-			rule.TranslatedPort.Values[1] != rule.DestinationPort.Values[1] {
-			return r.addXTablesRedirect(dnatExprs, ruleID, rule)
-		}
-	}
-
-	additionalExprs, regProtoMin, regProtoMax, err := r.handleTranslatedPort(rule)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	dnatExprs = append(dnatExprs, additionalExprs...)
-
-	dnatExprs = append(dnatExprs,
-		&expr.NAT{
-			Type:        expr.NATTypeDestNAT,
-			Family:      uint32(r.af.tableFamily),
-			RegAddrMin:  1,
-			RegProtoMin: regProtoMin,
-			RegProtoMax: regProtoMax,
-		},
-	)
-
-	dnatRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingRdr],
-		Exprs:    dnatExprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID + dnatSuffix),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(dnatRule)
-	r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix] = dnatRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) handleTranslatedPort(rule firewall.ForwardRule) ([]expr.Any, uint32, uint32, error) {
-	switch {
-	case rule.TranslatedPort.IsRange && len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 2:
-		return r.handlePortRange(rule)
-	case len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 0:
-		return r.handleAddressOnly(rule)
-	case len(rule.TranslatedPort.Values) == 1:
-		return r.handleSinglePort(rule)
-	default:
-		return nil, 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid translated port: %v", rule.TranslatedPort)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) handlePortRange(rule firewall.ForwardRule) ([]expr.Any, uint32, uint32, error) {
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0]),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 3,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(rule.TranslatedPort.Values[1]),
-		},
-	}
-	return exprs, 2, 3, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) handleAddressOnly(rule firewall.ForwardRule) ([]expr.Any, uint32, uint32, error) {
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-		},
-	}
-	return exprs, 0, 0, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) handleSinglePort(rule firewall.ForwardRule) ([]expr.Any, uint32, uint32, error) {
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0]),
-		},
-	}
-	return exprs, 2, 0, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addXTablesRedirect(dnatExprs []expr.Any, ruleID firewall.RuleID, rule firewall.ForwardRule) error {
-	dnatExprs = append(dnatExprs,
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Target{
-			Name: "DNAT",
-			Rev:  2,
-			Info: &xt.NatRange2{
-				NatRange: xt.NatRange{
-					Flags:   uint(xt.NatRangeMapIPs | xt.NatRangeProtoSpecified | xt.NatRangeProtoOffset),
-					MinIP:   rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-					MaxIP:   rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-					MinPort: rule.TranslatedPort.Values[0],
-					MaxPort: rule.TranslatedPort.Values[1],
-				},
-				BasePort: rule.DestinationPort.Values[0],
-			},
-		},
-	)
-
-	natTable := &nftables.Table{
-		Name:   tableNat,
-		Family: r.af.tableFamily,
-	}
-	dnatRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: natTable,
-		Chain: &nftables.Chain{
-			Name:     chainNameNatPrerouting,
-			Table:    natTable,
-			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
-			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityNATDest,
-		},
-		Exprs:    dnatExprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID + dnatSuffix),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(dnatRule)
-	r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix] = dnatRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addDnatMasq(rule firewall.ForwardRule, protoNum uint8, ruleID firewall.RuleID) {
-	masqExprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{protoNum},
-		},
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-			Offset:       r.af.dstAddrOffset,
-			Len:          r.af.addrLen,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     rule.TranslatedAddress.AsSlice(),
-		},
-	}
-
-	masqExprs = append(masqExprs, applyPort(&rule.TranslatedPort, false)...)
-	masqExprs = append(masqExprs, &expr.Masq{})
-
-	masqRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-		Exprs:    masqExprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID + snatSuffix),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(masqRule)
-	r.rules[ruleID+snatSuffix] = masqRule
-}
-
-func (r *family) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	var needsFlush bool
-	var found bool
-
-	if dnatRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID+dnatSuffix]; exists {
-		found = true
-		if dnatRule.Handle == 0 {
-			log.Warnf("dnat rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID+dnatSuffix)
-			delete(r.rules, ruleID+dnatSuffix)
-		} else if err := r.conn.DelRule(dnatRule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete dnat rule: %w", err))
-		} else {
-			needsFlush = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if masqRule, exists := r.rules[ruleID+snatSuffix]; exists {
-		found = true
-		if masqRule.Handle == 0 {
-			log.Warnf("snat rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID+snatSuffix)
-			delete(r.rules, ruleID+snatSuffix)
-		} else if err := r.conn.DelRule(masqRule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete snat rule: %w", err))
-		} else {
-			needsFlush = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if needsFlush {
-		if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf(flushError, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	if merr != nil {
-		return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-	}
-
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID+dnatSuffix)
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID+snatSuffix)
-
-	// Release once, only if the rule was present and removed.
-	if found {
-		r.releaseForwarding()
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// releaseForwarding drops one IP forwarding reference, logging any error.
-func (r *family) releaseForwarding() {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("release IP forwarding: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) AddInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("inbound-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	protoNum, err := r.af.protoNum(protocol)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 2},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     []byte{protoNum},
-		},
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 3,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
-			Offset:       2,
-			Len:          2,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 3,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(originalPort),
-		},
-	}
-
-	bits := 32
-	if localAddr.Is6() {
-		bits = 128
-	}
-	exprs = append(exprs, prefixMatchExprs(r.af, netip.PrefixFrom(localAddr, bits), false)...)
-
-	exprs = append(exprs,
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     localAddr.AsSlice(),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(translatedPort),
-		},
-		&expr.NAT{
-			Type:        expr.NATTypeDestNAT,
-			Family:      uint32(r.af.tableFamily),
-			RegAddrMin:  1,
-			RegProtoMin: 2,
-			RegProtoMax: 0,
-		},
-	)
-
-	dnatRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingRdr],
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(dnatRule)
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add inbound DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleID] = dnatRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveInboundDNAT removes an inbound DNAT rule.
-func (r *family) RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("inbound-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]
-	if !exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if rule.Handle == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("inbound DNAT rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID)
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("delete inbound DNAT rule %s: %w", ruleID, err)
-	}
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flush delete inbound DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// ensureNATOutputChain lazily creates the OUTPUT NAT chain on first use.
-func (r *family) ensureNATOutputChain() error {
-	if _, exists := r.chains[chainNameNATOutput]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	r.chains[chainNameNATOutput] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameNATOutput,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookOutput,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityNATDest,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-	})
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		delete(r.chains, chainNameNATOutput)
-		return fmt.Errorf("create NAT output chain: %w", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// AddOutputDNAT adds an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule for locally-generated traffic.
-func (r *family) AddOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("output-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.ensureNATOutputChain(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	protoNum, err := r.af.protoNum(protocol)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{protoNum},
-		},
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 2,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
-			Offset:       2,
-			Len:          2,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(originalPort),
-		},
-	}
-
-	bits := 32
-	if localAddr.Is6() {
-		bits = 128
-	}
-	exprs = append(exprs, prefixMatchExprs(r.af, netip.PrefixFrom(localAddr, bits), false)...)
-
-	exprs = append(exprs,
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     localAddr.AsSlice(),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 2,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(translatedPort),
-		},
-		&expr.NAT{
-			Type:        expr.NATTypeDestNAT,
-			Family:      uint32(r.af.tableFamily),
-			RegAddrMin:  1,
-			RegProtoMin: 2,
-		},
-	)
-
-	dnatRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameNATOutput],
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(dnatRule)
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add output DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleID] = dnatRule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveOutputDNAT removes an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule.
-func (r *family) RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	ruleID := firewall.RuleID(fmt.Sprintf("output-dnat-%s-%s-%d-%d", localAddr.String(), protocol, originalPort, translatedPort))
-
-	rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]
-	if !exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if rule.Handle == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("output DNAT rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID)
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("delete output DNAT rule %s: %w", ruleID, err)
-	}
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flush delete output DNAT rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/nftables/family_linux.go

@@ -1,249 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/firewalld"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/ipfwdstate"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/refcounter"
-)
-
-const (
-	tableNat      = "nat"
-	tableMangle   = "mangle"
-	tableRaw      = "raw"
-	tableSecurity = "security"
-
-	chainNameNatPrerouting = "PREROUTING"
-	chainNameRoutingFw     = "netbird-rt-fwd"
-	chainNameRoutingNat    = "netbird-rt-postrouting"
-	chainNameRoutingRdr    = "netbird-rt-redirect"
-	chainNameNATOutput     = "netbird-nat-output"
-	chainNameForward       = "FORWARD"
-	chainNameMangleForward = "netbird-mangle-forward"
-
-	// Peer ACL chain names.
-	chainNameInputRules        = "netbird-acl-input-rules"
-	chainNameInputFilter       = "netbird-acl-input-filter"
-	chainNameForwardFilter     = "netbird-acl-forward-filter"
-	chainNameManglePrerouting  = "netbird-mangle-prerouting"
-	chainNameManglePostrouting = "netbird-mangle-postrouting"
-
-	flushError = "flush: %w"
-
-	firewalldTableName = "firewalld"
-
-	userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif = "frwacceptiif"
-	userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif = "frwacceptoif"
-	userDataAcceptInputRule      = "inputaccept"
-
-	dnatSuffix firewall.RuleID = "_dnat"
-	snatSuffix firewall.RuleID = "_snat"
-
-	// ipv4TCPHeaderSize is the minimum IPv4 (20) + TCP (20) header size for MSS calculation.
-	ipv4TCPHeaderSize = 40
-	// ipv6TCPHeaderSize is the minimum IPv6 (40) + TCP (20) header size for MSS calculation.
-	ipv6TCPHeaderSize = 60
-
-	// maxPrefixesSet 1638 prefixes start to fail, taking some margin
-	maxPrefixesSet       = 1500
-	refreshRulesMapError = "refresh rules map: %w"
-)
-
-var (
-	errFilterTableNotFound = fmt.Errorf("'filter' table not found")
-)
-
-type setInput struct {
-	set      firewall.Set
-	prefixes []netip.Prefix
-}
-
-// family holds the per-address-family nftables state. One instance
-// handles route ACLs, peer ACLs, NAT, DNAT, and MSS clamping for a
-// single family; the top-level Manager owns one for v4 and another
-// for v6. The name predates the peer-ACL absorption; it's effectively
-// the per-family backend now.
-type family struct {
-	conn        *nftables.Conn
-	workTable   *nftables.Table
-	filterTable *nftables.Table
-	chains      map[string]*nftables.Chain
-
-	// filters holds peer + route filter rules keyed by content hash.
-	// AddFilterRule writes here; DeleteFilterRule looks up by id.
-	filters map[firewall.RuleID]*Rule
-
-	// rules holds NAT, DNAT, and external accept rules (auxiliary
-	// plumbing that isn't a filter rule).
-	rules map[firewall.RuleID]*nftables.Rule
-
-	// Peer ACL chain handles.
-	chainInputRules    *nftables.Chain
-	chainPrerouting    *nftables.Chain
-	routingFwChainName string
-
-	ipsetCounter *refcounter.Counter[string, setInput, *nftables.Set]
-
-	af               addrFamily
-	wgIface          iFaceMapper
-	ipFwdState       *ipfwdstate.IPForwardingState
-	legacyManagement bool
-	mtu              uint16
-}
-
-func newFamily(workTable *nftables.Table, wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (*family, error) {
-	r := &family{
-		conn:               &nftables.Conn{},
-		workTable:          workTable,
-		chains:             make(map[string]*nftables.Chain),
-		filters:            make(map[firewall.RuleID]*Rule),
-		rules:              make(map[firewall.RuleID]*nftables.Rule),
-		routingFwChainName: chainNameRoutingFw,
-		af:                 familyForAddr(workTable.Family == nftables.TableFamilyIPv4),
-		wgIface:            wgIface,
-		ipFwdState:         ipfwdstate.NewIPForwardingState(),
-		mtu:                mtu,
-	}
-
-	r.ipsetCounter = refcounter.New(
-		r.createIpSet,
-		r.deleteIpSet,
-	)
-
-	var err error
-	r.filterTable, err = r.loadFilterTable()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("ip filter table not found: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	return r, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) init(workTable *nftables.Table) error {
-	r.workTable = workTable
-
-	if err := r.removeAcceptFilterRules(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from filter table: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.createContainers(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.setupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to set up data plane mark: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.createDefaultChains(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create default acl chains: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Reset cleans existing nftables filter table rules from the system
-func (r *family) Reset() error {
-	// clear without deleting the ipsets, the nf table will be deleted by the caller
-	r.ipsetCounter.Clear()
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if err := r.removeAcceptFilterRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove accept filter rules: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	if err := firewalld.UntrustInterface(r.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeNatPreroutingRules(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove filter prerouting rules: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) loadFilterTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
-	tables, err := r.conn.ListTablesOfFamily(r.af.tableFamily)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list tables: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, table := range tables {
-		if table.Name == "filter" {
-			return table, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil, errFilterTableNotFound
-}
-
-func hookName(hook *nftables.ChainHook) string {
-	if hook == nil {
-		return "unknown"
-	}
-	switch *hook {
-	case *nftables.ChainHookForward:
-		return chainNameForward
-	case *nftables.ChainHookInput:
-		return chainNameInput
-	default:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("hook(%d)", *hook)
-	}
-}
-
-func familyName(family nftables.TableFamily) string {
-	switch family {
-	case nftables.TableFamilyIPv4:
-		return "ip"
-	case nftables.TableFamilyIPv6:
-		return "ip6"
-	case nftables.TableFamilyINet:
-		return "inet"
-	default:
-		return fmt.Sprintf("family(%d)", family)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) iptablesProto() iptables.Protocol {
-	if r.af.tableFamily == nftables.TableFamilyIPv6 {
-		return iptables.ProtocolIPv6
-	}
-	return iptables.ProtocolIPv4
-}
-
-func (r *family) refreshRulesMap() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	newRules := make(map[firewall.RuleID]*nftables.Rule)
-	for _, chain := range r.chains {
-		rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-		if err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("list rules for chain %s: %w", chain.Name, err))
-			// preserve existing entries for this chain since we can't verify their state
-			for k, v := range r.rules {
-				if v.Chain != nil && v.Chain.Name == chain.Name {
-					newRules[k] = v
-				}
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, rule := range rules {
-			if len(rule.UserData) > 0 {
-				newRules[firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData)] = rule
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	r.rules = newRules
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}

client/firewall/nftables/filter_linux.go

@@ -1,441 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-	"slices"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbid "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
-)
-
-// AddFilterRule installs one nftables packet-filter rule. With
-// destination empty the rule goes to the peer ACL input chain plus a
-// paired prerouting mangle rule for the redirect mark. With
-// destination set (prefix or named set) it goes to the route ACL
-// forward chain. Multi-source rules collapse to one nftables rule
-// backed by the shared refcounted hash:net set.
-func (r *family) AddFilterRule(
-	id []byte,
-	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination firewall.Network,
-	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort *firewall.Port,
-	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	action firewall.Action,
-) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	isRoute := !destination.IsZero()
-
-	ruleID := nbid.GenerateRuleID(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	if existing, ok := r.filters[ruleID]; ok {
-		return existing, nil
-	}
-
-	srcExprs, err := r.applyNetwork(sourceNetwork(sources), sources, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var exprs []expr.Any
-	if isRoute {
-		exprs, err = r.buildRouteFilterExprs(srcExprs, destination, proto, sPort, dPort)
-	} else {
-		exprs, err = r.buildPeerFilterExprs(srcExprs, proto, sPort, dPort)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		r.dropNetworkMatch(srcExprs)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	mainExprs := slices.Clone(exprs)
-	verdict := expr.VerdictAccept
-	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
-		verdict = expr.VerdictDrop
-	}
-	mainExprs = append(mainExprs, &expr.Verdict{Kind: verdict})
-
-	chain := r.chainInputRules
-	if isRoute {
-		chain = r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw]
-	}
-
-	userData := []byte(ruleID)
-	nftRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    chain,
-		Exprs:    mainExprs,
-		UserData: userData,
-	}
-	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
-		nftRule = r.conn.InsertRule(nftRule)
-	} else {
-		nftRule = r.conn.AddRule(nftRule)
-	}
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		r.dropNetworkMatch(exprs)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-	}
-
-	rule := &Rule{
-		nftRule: nftRule,
-		sources: sources,
-		id:      ruleID,
-	}
-	if !isRoute {
-		rule.mangleRule = r.createPreroutingRule(exprs, userData)
-	}
-	r.filters[ruleID] = rule
-
-	log.Debugf("added filter rule: sources=%v, destination=%v, proto=%v, sPort=%v, dPort=%v, action=%v",
-		sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	return rule, nil
-}
-
-// buildPeerFilterExprs assembles the input-chain (peer ACL) match: the
-// IP-header protocol byte read via Payload, then source, then ports
-// (no counter), matching the historical peer shape so per-rule kernel
-// state is identical to pre-unification.
-func (r *family) buildPeerFilterExprs(
-	srcExprs []expr.Any,
-	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
-) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	var exprs []expr.Any
-
-	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
-		protoNum, err := r.af.protoNum(proto)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
-		}
-		exprs = append(exprs,
-			&expr.Payload{
-				DestRegister: 1,
-				Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-				Offset:       r.af.protoOffset,
-				Len:          1,
-			},
-			&expr.Cmp{Op: expr.CmpOpEq, Register: 1, Data: []byte{protoNum}},
-		)
-	}
-	exprs = append(exprs, srcExprs...)
-	exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(sPort, true)...)
-	exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(dPort, false)...)
-	return exprs, nil
-}
-
-// buildRouteFilterExprs assembles the forward-chain (route ACL) match:
-// source, then destination, then optional proto/ports, then a counter.
-func (r *family) buildRouteFilterExprs(
-	srcExprs []expr.Any,
-	destination firewall.Network,
-	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
-) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	exprs := append([]expr.Any{}, srcExprs...)
-
-	destExprs, err := r.applyNetwork(destination, nil, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
-	}
-	exprs = append(exprs, destExprs...)
-
-	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
-		protoNum, err := r.af.protoNum(proto)
-		if err != nil {
-			r.dropNetworkMatch(destExprs)
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
-		}
-		exprs = append(exprs,
-			&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 1},
-			&expr.Cmp{Op: expr.CmpOpEq, Register: 1, Data: []byte{protoNum}},
-		)
-		exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(sPort, true)...)
-		exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(dPort, false)...)
-	}
-
-	exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Counter{})
-	return exprs, nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) hasRule(id firewall.RuleID) bool {
-	_, ok := r.filters[id]
-	return ok
-}
-
-func (r *family) hasDNATRule(id firewall.RuleID) bool {
-	_, ok := r.rules[id+dnatSuffix]
-	return ok
-}
-
-// DeleteFilterRule removes a previously installed filter rule. Source
-// set references are recovered from the stored rule's expressions via
-// findSets and dropped from the shared refcounter.
-func (r *family) DeleteFilterRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	pr, ok := r.filters[ruleID]
-	if !ok {
-		log.Debugf("filter rule %s not found", ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// A freshly added rule carries no handle until it is read back from
-	// the kernel, and Flush only refreshes the peer chains. Pull live
-	// handles for this rule's chain before deciding it is stale so route
-	// rules (which Flush never refreshes) can actually be deleted.
-	if pr.nftRule.Handle == 0 {
-		if err := r.refreshRuleHandles(pr.nftRule.Chain, false); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("refresh handles for chain %s: %v", pr.nftRule.Chain.Name, err)
-		}
-		if pr.mangleRule != nil {
-			if err := r.refreshRuleHandles(r.chainPrerouting, true); err != nil {
-				log.Warnf("refresh mangle handles: %v", err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	if pr.nftRule.Handle == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("filter rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID)
-		r.dropNetworkMatch(pr.nftRule.Exprs)
-		delete(r.filters, ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.DelRule(pr.nftRule); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("queue rule delete: %v", err)
-	}
-	if pr.mangleRule != nil {
-		if err := r.conn.DelRule(pr.mangleRule); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("queue mangle rule delete: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("flush delete %s: %w", ruleID, err)
-	}
-
-	r.dropNetworkMatch(pr.nftRule.Exprs)
-	delete(r.filters, ruleID)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) decrementSetCounter(rule *nftables.Rule) error {
-	if r.ipsetCounter == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	sets := findSets(rule)
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, setName := range sets {
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// dropNetworkMatch undoes whatever the source/destination match
-// reserved. Safe to call when the spec is empty or holds only inline
-// matchers.
-func (r *family) dropNetworkMatch(exprs []expr.Any) {
-	if r.ipsetCounter == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	for _, e := range exprs {
-		lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup)
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(lookup.SetName); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("rollback ipset decrement %s: %v", lookup.SetName, err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *family) applyNetwork(
-	network firewall.Network,
-	setPrefixes []netip.Prefix,
-	isSource bool,
-) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	if network.IsSet() {
-		exprs, err := r.getIpSet(network.Set, setPrefixes, isSource)
-		if err != nil {
-			side := "destination"
-			if isSource {
-				side = "source"
-			}
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s set: %w", side, err)
-		}
-		return exprs, nil
-	}
-
-	if network.IsPrefix() {
-		return prefixMatchExprs(r.af, network.Prefix, isSource), nil
-	}
-
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
-// prefixMatchExprs is the family-aware match sequence for a CIDR
-// prefix. /0 returns nil; a host prefix (full bit length for the
-// family) skips the bitwise step since the mask is all-ones. Shared
-// between family and aclManager so both treat single prefixes
-// identically.
-func prefixMatchExprs(af addrFamily, prefix netip.Prefix, isSource bool) []expr.Any {
-	offset := af.dstAddrOffset
-	if isSource {
-		offset = af.srcAddrOffset
-	}
-
-	ones := prefix.Bits()
-	if ones == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	payload := &expr.Payload{
-		DestRegister: 1,
-		Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-		Offset:       offset,
-		Len:          af.addrLen,
-	}
-	cmp := &expr.Cmp{
-		Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-		Register: 1,
-		Data:     prefix.Masked().Addr().AsSlice(),
-	}
-
-	if ones == af.totalBits {
-		return []expr.Any{payload, cmp}
-	}
-
-	mask := net.CIDRMask(ones, af.totalBits)
-	xor := make([]byte, af.addrLen)
-	return []expr.Any{
-		payload,
-		&expr.Bitwise{
-			DestRegister:   1,
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			Len:            af.addrLen,
-			Mask:           mask,
-			Xor:            xor,
-		},
-		cmp,
-	}
-}
-
-func applyPort(port *firewall.Port, isSource bool) []expr.Any {
-	if port == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var exprs []expr.Any
-
-	// src
-	offset := uint32(2)
-	if isSource {
-		// dst
-		offset = 0
-	}
-
-	exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Payload{
-		DestRegister: 1,
-		Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
-		Offset:       offset,
-		Len:          2,
-	})
-
-	if port.IsRange && len(port.Values) == 2 {
-		exprs = append(exprs,
-			&expr.Range{
-				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-				Register: 1,
-				FromData: binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(port.Values[0]),
-				ToData:   binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(port.Values[1]),
-			},
-		)
-	} else {
-		for i, p := range port.Values {
-			if i > 0 {
-				exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Bitwise{
-					SourceRegister: 1,
-					DestRegister:   1,
-					Len:            4,
-					Mask:           []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff},
-					Xor:            []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
-				})
-			}
-			exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Cmp{
-				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-				Register: 1,
-				Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(p),
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return exprs
-}
-
-func getCtNewExprs() []expr.Any {
-	return []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Ct{
-			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Bitwise{
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			DestRegister:   1,
-			Len:            4,
-			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitNEW),
-			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-// sourceNetwork classifies a source-prefix list into the firewall.Network
-// shape the rest of the spec-builder consumes: empty for match-any, a
-// single prefix inline, or an ipset for multiple sources.
-func sourceNetwork(sources []netip.Prefix) firewall.Network {
-	switch {
-	case len(sources) == 0:
-		return firewall.Network{}
-	case len(sources) == 1 && sources[0].Bits() == 0:
-		return firewall.Network{}
-	case len(sources) == 1:
-		return firewall.Network{Prefix: sources[0]}
-	default:
-		return firewall.Network{Set: firewall.NewPrefixSet(sources)}
-	}
-}
-
-func ifname(n string) []byte {
-	b := make([]byte, 16)
-	copy(b, n+"\x00")
-	return b
-}
-
-// findSets scans an nftables rule's expressions for expr.Lookup and
-// returns the named sets in occurrence order. Used at delete time to
-// drop ipsetCounter references; peer and route ACLs go through it.
-func findSets(rule *nftables.Rule) []string {
-	var sets []string
-	for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
-		if lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
-			sets = append(sets, lookup.SetName)
-		}
-	}
-	return sets
-}

client/firewall/nftables/interface_allower_integration_linux_test.go

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-)
-
-// TestInterfaceAllowerInputOnly verifies the userspace-mode allower opens the
-// interface on the INPUT hook of foreign chains only (not FORWARD, since the
-// userspace router never forwards in the kernel), creates no netbird work
-// table, and removes its rules on Close.
-func TestInterfaceAllowerInputOnly(t *testing.T) {
-	if os.Geteuid() != 0 {
-		t.Skip("root required")
-	}
-
-	require.False(t, ipTableExists(t, getTableName()), "precondition: no stale netbird table")
-
-	conn := &nftables.Conn{}
-	extTable := conn.AddTable(&nftables.Table{Name: "nbtest_extchains", Family: nftables.TableFamilyINet})
-	inputChain := conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name: "ext_input", Table: extTable,
-		Hooknum: nftables.ChainHookInput, Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter, Type: nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	})
-	forwardChain := conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name: "ext_forward", Table: extTable,
-		Hooknum: nftables.ChainHookForward, Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter, Type: nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, conn.Flush(), "create external table and chains")
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		c := &nftables.Conn{}
-		c.DelTable(extTable)
-		_ = c.Flush()
-	})
-
-	allower, err := NewInterfaceAllower(ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create allower")
-	require.NoError(t, allower.Apply(), "apply")
-
-	require.True(t, chainHasUserData(t, extTable, inputChain, userDataAcceptInputRule),
-		"external INPUT chain should get the accept rule")
-	require.Len(t, listRules(t, extTable, forwardChain), 0,
-		"external FORWARD chain must not be opened in userspace mode")
-	require.False(t, ipTableExists(t, getTableName()),
-		"allower must not create a netbird work table")
-
-	require.NoError(t, allower.Close(), "close")
-	require.False(t, chainHasUserData(t, extTable, inputChain, userDataAcceptInputRule),
-		"accept rule should be removed on close")
-}
-
-func listRules(t *testing.T, table *nftables.Table, chain *nftables.Chain) []*nftables.Rule {
-	t.Helper()
-	c := &nftables.Conn{}
-	rules, err := c.GetRules(table, chain)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	return rules
-}
-
-func chainHasUserData(t *testing.T, table *nftables.Table, chain *nftables.Chain, ud string) bool {
-	for _, r := range listRules(t, table, chain) {
-		if bytes.Equal(r.UserData, []byte(ud)) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-func ipTableExists(t *testing.T, name string) bool {
-	t.Helper()
-	c := &nftables.Conn{}
-	for _, fam := range []nftables.TableFamily{nftables.TableFamilyIPv4, nftables.TableFamilyIPv6} {
-		tbls, err := c.ListTablesOfFamily(fam)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		for _, tb := range tbls {
-			if tb.Name == name {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}

client/firewall/nftables/interface_allower_linux.go

@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-)
-
-// InterfaceAllower opens the NetBird interface in the kernel's filter table and
-// external chains and keeps them reconciled via a netlink monitor, so the host
-// firewall doesn't drop traffic the NetBird firewall handles. It is used by the
-// userspace firewall, where routing happens in the forwarder, so only INPUT is
-// opened (the userspace router never forwards in the kernel).
-//
-// It owns its own families/connection and never creates a netbird work table.
-// firewalld trust is handled by the caller, not here. Its operations are serial
-// (Apply before the monitor starts; reconciles run on the single monitor
-// goroutine; Close stops the monitor before removing), so it needs no locking.
-//
-// TODO: this opens nftables and the iptables-nft filter table (detected via
-// nft), but not a legacy-iptables ruleset running in parallel with nftables.
-// Such a host would keep its legacy filter chains closed for the interface.
-type InterfaceAllower struct {
-	family4    *family
-	family6    *family
-	extMonitor *externalChainMonitor
-}
-
-// NewInterfaceAllower builds an allower for the given interface. It returns an
-// error when nftables is unavailable (e.g. an iptables-legacy host), so the
-// caller can fall back to firewalld trust.
-func NewInterfaceAllower(wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (*InterfaceAllower, error) {
-	tableName := getTableName()
-
-	family4, err := newFamily(&nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4}, wgIface, mtu)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create family: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Probe nftables availability before committing to this backend.
-	if _, err := family4.conn.ListChainsOfTableFamily(nftables.TableFamilyINet); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nftables not available: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	a := &InterfaceAllower{family4: family4}
-
-	if wgIface.Address().HasIPv6() {
-		family6, err := newFamily(&nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv6}, wgIface, mtu)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create v6 family: %w", err)
-		}
-		a.family6 = family6
-	}
-
-	a.extMonitor = newExternalChainMonitor(a)
-	return a, nil
-}
-
-// Apply opens the interface (INPUT only) in the foreign filter chains and starts
-// reconciling them on nftables changes.
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) Apply() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, f := range a.families() {
-		// Remove any stale accepts first so a prior unclean exit (e.g. SIGKILL,
-		// where Close never ran) is recovered deterministically rather than
-		// accumulating duplicate rules on the iptables filter table.
-		if err := f.removeAcceptFilterRules(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("clean stale accept rules: %w", err))
-		}
-		if err := f.openInterface(false); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	a.extMonitor.start()
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// families returns the configured address families (v4, and v6 when present).
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) families() []*family {
-	families := []*family{a.family4}
-	if a.family6 != nil {
-		families = append(families, a.family6)
-	}
-	return families
-}
-
-// reconcileExternalChains re-applies the INPUT accepts to external chains. It
-// implements externalChainReconciler for the monitor.
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) reconcileExternalChains() error {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, f := range a.families() {
-		if err := f.acceptExternalChainsRules(false); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// Close stops the monitor and removes the accept rules.
-func (a *InterfaceAllower) Close() error {
-	a.extMonitor.stop()
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, f := range a.families() {
-		if err := f.removeAcceptFilterRules(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}

client/firewall/nftables/ipset_linux.go

@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"encoding/binary"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/refcounter"
-)
-
-func (r *family) getIpSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix, isSource bool) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	ref, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(set.HashedName(), setInput{
-		set:      set,
-		prefixes: prefixes,
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return r.getIpSetExprs(ref, isSource)
-}
-
-func (r *family) createIpSet(setName string, input setInput) (*nftables.Set, error) {
-	// overlapping prefixes will result in an error, so we need to merge them
-	prefixes := firewall.MergeIPRanges(input.prefixes)
-
-	nfset := &nftables.Set{
-		Name:    setName,
-		Comment: input.set.Comment(),
-		Table:   r.workTable,
-		// required for prefixes
-		Interval: true,
-		KeyType:  r.af.setKeyType,
-	}
-
-	elements := r.convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes)
-	nElements := len(elements)
-
-	maxElements := maxPrefixesSet * 2
-	initialElements := elements[:min(maxElements, nElements)]
-
-	if err := r.conn.AddSet(nfset, initialElements); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error adding set %s: %w", setName, err)
-	}
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush error: %w", err)
-	}
-	log.Debugf("Created new ipset: %s with %d initial prefixes (total prefixes %d)", setName, len(initialElements)/2, len(prefixes))
-
-	// The set is committed now. If a later batch fails, destroy it: the
-	// refcounter records nothing on a create-callback error, so it would
-	// otherwise leak, and a partial source set fails-open for deny rules.
-	if err := r.addRemainingElements(nfset, elements, maxElements); err != nil {
-		if derr := r.deleteIpSet(setName, nfset); derr != nil {
-			log.Warnf("rollback ipset %s after add failure: %v", setName, derr)
-		}
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	log.Infof("Created new ipset: %s with %d prefixes", setName, len(prefixes))
-	return nfset, nil
-}
-
-// addRemainingElements adds element batches beyond the initial one in
-// maxElements-sized chunks, flushing each. Called after the set has been
-// created with its first batch.
-func (r *family) addRemainingElements(nfset *nftables.Set, elements []nftables.SetElement, maxElements int) error {
-	nElements := len(elements)
-	for subStart := maxElements; subStart < nElements; subStart += maxElements {
-		subEnd := min(subStart+maxElements, nElements)
-		subElement := elements[subStart:subEnd]
-		nSubPrefixes := len(subElement) / 2
-		log.Tracef("Adding new prefixes (%d) in ipset: %s", nSubPrefixes, nfset.Name)
-		if err := r.conn.SetAddElements(nfset, subElement); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error adding prefixes (%d) to set %s: %w", nSubPrefixes, nfset.Name, err)
-		}
-		if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("flush error: %w", err)
-		}
-		log.Debugf("Added new prefixes (%d) in ipset: %s", nSubPrefixes, nfset.Name)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []nftables.SetElement {
-	var elements []nftables.SetElement
-	for _, prefix := range prefixes {
-		// nftables needs half-open intervals [firstIP, lastIP) for prefixes
-		// e.g. 10.0.0.0/24 becomes [10.0.0.0, 10.0.1.0), 10.1.1.1/32 becomes [10.1.1.1, 10.1.1.2) etc
-		firstIP := prefix.Addr()
-
-		// For a /0 the last address is the broadcast and its Next() overflows
-		// to an invalid Addr with an empty key, so wrap to the zero address,
-		// which nftables reads as the open end of a full-range interval.
-		var lastKey []byte
-		if prefix.Bits() == 0 {
-			lastKey = make([]byte, r.af.addrLen)
-		} else {
-			lastKey = calculateLastIP(prefix).Next().AsSlice()
-		}
-
-		// the nft tool also adds a zero-address IntervalEnd element, see https://github.com/google/nftables/issues/247
-		// nftables.SetElement{Key: make([]byte, r.af.addrLen), IntervalEnd: true},
-		elements = append(elements,
-			nftables.SetElement{Key: firstIP.AsSlice()},
-			nftables.SetElement{Key: lastKey, IntervalEnd: true},
-		)
-	}
-	return elements
-}
-
-// calculateLastIP determines the last IP in a given prefix.
-func calculateLastIP(prefix netip.Prefix) netip.Addr {
-	masked := prefix.Masked()
-	if masked.Addr().Is4() {
-		hostMask := ^uint32(0) >> masked.Bits()
-		lastIP := uint32FromNetipAddr(masked.Addr()) | hostMask
-		return netip.AddrFrom4(uint32ToBytes(lastIP))
-	}
-
-	// IPv6: set host bits to all 1s
-	b := masked.Addr().As16()
-	bits := masked.Bits()
-	for i := bits; i < 128; i++ {
-		b[i/8] |= 1 << (7 - i%8)
-	}
-	return netip.AddrFrom16(b)
-}
-
-// Utility function to convert netip.Addr to uint32.
-func uint32FromNetipAddr(addr netip.Addr) uint32 {
-	b := addr.As4()
-	return binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b[:])
-}
-
-// Utility function to convert uint32 to a netip-compatible byte slice.
-func uint32ToBytes(ip uint32) [4]byte {
-	var b [4]byte
-	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b[:], ip)
-	return b
-}
-
-func (r *family) deleteIpSet(setName string, nfset *nftables.Set) error {
-	r.conn.DelSet(nfset)
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("Deleted unused ipset %s", setName)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
-	nfset, err := r.conn.GetSetByName(r.workTable, set.HashedName())
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get set %s: %w", set.HashedName(), err)
-	}
-
-	// Overlapping prefixes (e.g. duplicate resolved addresses) make the
-	// interval set reject the batch, so merge them as createIpSet does.
-	prefixes = firewall.MergeIPRanges(prefixes)
-	elements := r.convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes)
-
-	// Add in batches sized like createIpSet so a large update does not
-	// exceed the netlink message size limit.
-	maxElements := maxPrefixesSet * 2
-	for start := 0; start < len(elements); start += maxElements {
-		end := min(start+maxElements, len(elements))
-		if err := r.conn.SetAddElements(nfset, elements[start:end]); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("add elements to set %s: %w", set.HashedName(), err)
-		}
-		if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("updated set %s with %d prefixes", set.HashedName(), len(prefixes))
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) getIpSetExprs(ref refcounter.Ref[*nftables.Set], isSource bool) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	// dst offset by default
-	offset := r.af.dstAddrOffset
-	if isSource {
-		// src offset
-		offset = r.af.srcAddrOffset
-	}
-
-	return []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-			Offset:       offset,
-			Len:          r.af.addrLen,
-		},
-		&expr.Lookup{
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			SetName:        ref.Out.Name,
-			SetID:          ref.Out.ID,
-		},
-	}, nil
-}

client/firewall/nftables/ipset_linux_test.go

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"net/netip"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-// TestConvertPrefixesToSetWildcard verifies that a /0 prefix produces a
-// usable interval. The last address of a /0 is the broadcast, whose Next()
-// overflows to an invalid Addr with an empty key; the IntervalEnd must wrap
-// to the zero address instead so nftables sees a full-range interval.
-func TestConvertPrefixesToSetWildcard(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name   string
-		af     addrFamily
-		prefix string
-	}{
-		{"IPv4 /0", afIPv4, "0.0.0.0/0"},
-		{"IPv6 /0", afIPv6, "::/0"},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			r := &family{af: tt.af}
-			elements := r.convertPrefixesToSet([]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix(tt.prefix)})
-
-			require.Len(t, elements, 2, "expected start and interval-end element")
-			assert.False(t, elements[0].IntervalEnd, "first element is the interval start")
-			assert.True(t, elements[1].IntervalEnd, "second element is the interval end")
-			assert.Len(t, elements[1].Key, int(tt.af.addrLen), "interval-end key must be a zero address, not empty")
-		})
-	}
-}

client/firewall/nftables/ipsetstore_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package nftables
+
+import (
+	"net"
+)
+
+type ipsetStore struct {
+	ipsetReference map[string]int
+	ipsets         map[string]map[string]struct{} // ipsetName -> list of ips
+}
+
+func newIpsetStore() *ipsetStore {
+	return &ipsetStore{
+		ipsetReference: make(map[string]int),
+		ipsets:         make(map[string]map[string]struct{}),
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) ips(ipsetName string) (map[string]struct{}, bool) {
+	r, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
+	return r, ok
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) newIpset(ipsetName string) map[string]struct{} {
+	s.ipsetReference[ipsetName] = 0
+	ipList := make(map[string]struct{})
+	s.ipsets[ipsetName] = ipList
+	return ipList
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) deleteIpset(ipsetName string) {
+	delete(s.ipsetReference, ipsetName)
+	delete(s.ipsets, ipsetName)
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) DeleteIpFromSet(ipsetName string, ip net.IP) {
+	ipList, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	delete(ipList, ip.String())
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) AddIpToSet(ipsetName string, ip net.IP) {
+	ipList, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	ipList[ip.String()] = struct{}{}
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) IsIpInSet(ipsetName string, ip net.IP) bool {
+	ipList, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok = ipList[ip.String()]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) AddReferenceToIpset(ipsetName string) {
+	s.ipsetReference[ipsetName]++
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) DeleteReferenceFromIpSet(ipsetName string) {
+	r, ok := s.ipsetReference[ipsetName]
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	if r == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	s.ipsetReference[ipsetName]--
+}
+
+func (s *ipsetStore) HasReferenceToSet(ipsetName string) bool {
+	if _, ok := s.ipsetReference[ipsetName]; !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	if s.ipsetReference[ipsetName] == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package nftables
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"sync"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 
 	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/firewalld"
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
@@ -43,17 +45,18 @@ type iFaceMapper interface {
 	Address() wgaddr.Address
 }
 
-// Manager of nftables firewall. Per-family state (peer ACLs, route
-// ACLs, NAT, DNAT, MSS clamping) lives on family; Manager dispatches
-// by family and provides the public firewall.Manager surface.
+// Manager of iptables firewall
 type Manager struct {
 	mutex   sync.Mutex
 	rConn   *nftables.Conn
 	wgIface iFaceMapper
 
-	family4 *family
-	// IPv6 counterpart, nil when no v6 overlay.
-	family6 *family
+	router     *router
+	aclManager *AclManager
+
+	// IPv6 counterparts, nil when no v6 overlay
+	router6     *router
+	aclManager6 *AclManager
 
 	notrackOutputChain     *nftables.Chain
 	notrackPreroutingChain *nftables.Chain
@@ -72,9 +75,14 @@ func Create(wgIface iFaceMapper, mtu uint16) (*Manager, error) {
 	workTable := &nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4}
 
 	var err error
-	m.family4, err = newFamily(workTable, wgIface, mtu)
+	m.router, err = newRouter(workTable, wgIface, mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create family: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create router: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.aclManager, err = newAclManager(workTable, wgIface, chainNameRoutingFw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create acl manager: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if wgIface.Address().HasIPv6() {
@@ -92,21 +100,26 @@ func (m *Manager) createIPv6Components(tableName string, wgIface iFaceMapper, mt
 	workTable6 := &nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv6}
 
 	var err error
-	m.family6, err = newFamily(workTable6, wgIface, mtu)
+	m.router6, err = newRouter(workTable6, wgIface, mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 family: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 router: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Share the same IP forwarding state with the v4 router, since
 	// EnableIPForwarding controls both v4 and v6 sysctls.
-	m.family6.ipFwdState = m.family4.ipFwdState
+	m.router6.ipFwdState = m.router.ipFwdState
+
+	m.aclManager6, err = newAclManager(workTable6, wgIface, chainNameRoutingFw)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 acl manager: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
 // hasIPv6 reports whether the manager has IPv6 components initialized.
 func (m *Manager) hasIPv6() bool {
-	return m.family6 != nil
+	return m.router6 != nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) initIPv6() error {
@@ -115,8 +128,12 @@ func (m *Manager) initIPv6() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create v6 work table: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family6.init(workTable6); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("v6 family init: %w", err)
+	if err := m.router6.init(workTable6); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("v6 router init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.aclManager6.init(workTable6); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("v6 acl manager init: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -139,20 +156,19 @@ func (m *Manager) Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 
 // reconcileExternalChains re-applies passthrough accept rules to external
 // filter chains for both IPv4 and IPv6 routers. Called by the monitor when
-// tables or chains appear (e.g. after firewalld reloads). Kernel routing opens
-// both INPUT and FORWARD.
+// tables or chains appear (e.g. after firewalld reloads).
 func (m *Manager) reconcileExternalChains() error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
 	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if m.family4 != nil {
-		if err := m.family4.acceptExternalChainsRules(true); err != nil {
+	if m.router != nil {
+		if err := m.router.acceptExternalChainsRules(); err != nil {
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("v4: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		if err := m.family6.acceptExternalChainsRules(true); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.acceptExternalChainsRules(); err != nil {
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("v6: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
@@ -171,8 +187,12 @@ func (m *Manager) initFirewall() (err error) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	if err := m.family4.init(workTable); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("family init: %w", err)
+	if err := m.router.init(workTable); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("router init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.aclManager.init(workTable); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("acl manager init: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
@@ -200,7 +220,7 @@ func (m *Manager) persistState(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) {
 		InterfaceState: &InterfaceState{
 			NameStr:   m.wgIface.Name(),
 			WGAddress: m.wgIface.Address(),
-			MTU:       m.family4.mtu,
+			MTU:       m.router.mtu,
 		},
 	}); err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
@@ -215,12 +235,12 @@ func (m *Manager) persistState(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) {
 
 // rollbackInit performs best-effort cleanup of already-initialized state when Init fails partway through.
 func (m *Manager) rollbackInit() {
-	if err := m.family4.Reset(); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("rollback family: %v", err)
+	if err := m.router.Reset(); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("rollback router: %v", err)
 	}
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		if err := m.family6.Reset(); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("rollback v6 family: %v", err)
+		if err := m.router6.Reset(); err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("rollback v6 router: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 	if err := m.cleanupNetbirdTables(); err != nil {
@@ -231,77 +251,118 @@ func (m *Manager) rollbackInit() {
 	}
 }
 
-// AddFilterRule installs a packet-filtering rule.
+// AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
 //
-// Destination semantics: zero Network → input chain (peer ACL);
-// set Network → forward chain (route ACL).
-//
-// Sources are a single address family; the rule is dispatched to the
-// matching per-family backend.
-func (m *Manager) AddFilterRule(
+// If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
+// rule ID as comment for the rule
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	id []byte,
-	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination firewall.Network,
+	ip net.IP,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
-) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	if len(sources) == 0 {
-		return nil, firewall.ErrNoSources
-	}
-
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	fam := m.family4
-	if isIPv6Rule(sources, destination) {
-		if !m.hasIPv6() {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add filtering: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
-		}
-		fam = m.family6
+	if ip.To4() != nil {
+		return m.aclManager.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
 	}
-	return fam.AddFilterRule(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+
+	if !m.hasIPv6() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add peer filtering for %s: %w", ip, firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
+	}
+	return m.aclManager6.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
 }
 
-// DeleteFilterRule removes a filtering rule. The owning family is found
-// by id, refreshing from the kernel if the in-memory caches miss so a
-// stale cache cannot leak the rule. family.DeleteFilterRule is idempotent
-// when the id is absent.
-func (m *Manager) DeleteFilterRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
+	id []byte,
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	fam, err := m.familyForRuleID(rule.ID(), (*family).hasRule)
+	if isIPv6RouteRule(sources, destination) {
+		if !m.hasIPv6() {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route filtering: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
+		}
+		return m.router6.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	}
+
+	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if m.hasIPv6() && isIPv6Rule(rule) {
+		return m.aclManager6.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+	}
+	return m.aclManager.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+}
+
+func isIPv6Rule(rule firewall.Rule) bool {
+	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
+	return ok && r.nftRule != nil && r.nftRule.Table != nil && r.nftRule.Table.Family == nftables.TableFamilyIPv6
+}
+
+// isIPv6RouteRule determines whether a route rule belongs to the v6 table.
+// For static routes, the destination prefix determines the family. For dynamic
+// routes (DomainSet), the sources determine the family since management
+// duplicates dynamic rules per family.
+func isIPv6RouteRule(sources []netip.Prefix, destination firewall.Network) bool {
+	if destination.IsPrefix() {
+		return destination.Prefix.Addr().Is6()
+	}
+	return len(sources) > 0 && sources[0].Addr().Is6()
+}
+
+// DeleteRouteRule deletes a routing rule. Route rules live in exactly one
+// router; the cached maps are normally authoritative, so the kernel is only
+// consulted when neither map knows about the rule.
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	id := rule.ID()
+	r, err := m.routerForRuleID(id, (*router).hasRule)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	return fam.DeleteFilterRule(rule)
+	return r.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 }
 
-// familyForRuleID picks the family holding the rule with the given id, using
+// routerForRuleID picks the router holding the rule with the given id, using
 // the supplied lookup. If the cached maps disagree (or both miss), it refreshes
-// from the kernel once and re-checks before falling back to the v4 family.
-func (m *Manager) familyForRuleID(id firewall.RuleID, has func(*family, firewall.RuleID) bool) (*family, error) {
-	if has(m.family4, id) {
-		return m.family4, nil
+// from the kernel once and re-checks before falling back to the v4 router.
+func (m *Manager) routerForRuleID(id string, has func(*router, string) bool) (*router, error) {
+	if has(m.router, id) {
+		return m.router, nil
 	}
-	if m.hasIPv6() && has(m.family6, id) {
-		return m.family6, nil
+	if m.hasIPv6() && has(m.router6, id) {
+		return m.router6, nil
 	}
 	if !m.hasIPv6() {
-		return m.family4, nil
+		return m.router, nil
 	}
-	if err := m.family4.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("refresh v4 rules: %w", err)
 	}
-	if err := m.family6.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router6.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("refresh v6 rules: %w", err)
 	}
-	if has(m.family6, id) && !has(m.family4, id) {
-		return m.family6, nil
+	if has(m.router6, id) && !has(m.router, id) {
+		return m.router6, nil
 	}
-	return m.family4, nil
+	return m.router, nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
@@ -320,10 +381,10 @@ func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add NAT rule: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddNatRule(pair)
+		return m.router6.AddNatRule(pair)
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family4.AddNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.AddNatRule(pair); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -335,7 +396,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	// so the eventual cleanup still works.
 	if m.hasIPv6() && pair.Dynamic {
 		v6Pair := firewall.ToV6NatPair(pair)
-		if err := m.family6.AddNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.AddNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add v6 NAT rule: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -351,18 +412,18 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return nil
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveNatRule(pair)
+		return m.router6.RemoveNatRule(pair)
 	}
 
 	var merr *multierror.Error
 
-	if err := m.family4.RemoveNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.RemoveNatRule(pair); err != nil {
 		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove v4 NAT rule: %w", err))
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() && pair.Dynamic {
 		v6Pair := firewall.ToV6NatPair(pair)
-		if err := m.family6.RemoveNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.RemoveNatRule(v6Pair); err != nil {
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove v6 NAT rule: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
@@ -370,13 +431,46 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
+// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic.
+// This is called when USPFilter wraps the native firewall, adding blanket accept
+// rules so that packet filtering is handled in userspace instead of by netfilter.
+//
+// TODO: In USP mode this only adds ACCEPT to the netbird table's own chains,
+// which doesn't override DROP rules in external tables (e.g. firewalld).
+// Should add passthrough rules to external chains (like the native mode router's
+// addExternalChainsRules does) for both the netbird table family and inet tables.
+// The netbird table itself is fine (routing chains already exist there), but
+// non-netbird tables with INPUT/FORWARD hooks can still DROP our WG traffic.
+func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if err := m.aclManager.createDefaultAllowRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create default allow rules: %w", err)
+	}
+	if m.hasIPv6() {
+		if err := m.aclManager6.createDefaultAllowRules(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create v6 default allow rules: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("flush allow input netbird rules: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := firewalld.TrustInterface(m.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to trust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management
 func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
-	if err := firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.family4, isLegacy); err != nil {
+	if err := firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router, isLegacy); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.family6, isLegacy)
+		return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router6, isLegacy)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -390,13 +484,13 @@ func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 
 	var merr *multierror.Error
 
-	if err := m.family4.Reset(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset family: %w", err))
+	if err := m.router.Reset(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset router: %v", err))
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		if err := m.family6.Reset(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset v6 family: %w", err))
+		if err := m.router6.Reset(); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset v6 router: %v", err))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -436,14 +530,14 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
-	if err := m.family4.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("enable IP forwarding: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
-	if err := m.family4.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("disable IP forwarding: %w", err)
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -457,12 +551,12 @@ func (m *Manager) Flush() error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	if err := m.family4.Flush(); err != nil {
+	if err := m.aclManager.Flush(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() {
-		if err := m.family6.Flush(); err != nil {
+		if err := m.aclManager6.Flush(); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("flush v6 acl: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -483,9 +577,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error)
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("add DNAT rule: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddDNATRule(rule)
+		return m.router6.AddDNATRule(rule)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddDNATRule(rule)
+	return m.router.AddDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
 // DeleteDNATRule deletes a DNAT rule
@@ -493,7 +587,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	r, err := m.familyForRuleID(rule.ID(), (*family).hasDNATRule)
+	r, err := m.routerForRuleID(rule.ID(), (*router).hasDNATRule)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -514,12 +608,12 @@ func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := m.family4.UpdateSet(set, v4Prefixes); err != nil {
+	if err := m.router.UpdateSet(set, v4Prefixes); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
 	if m.hasIPv6() && len(v6Prefixes) > 0 {
-		if err := m.family6.UpdateSet(set, v6Prefixes); err != nil {
+		if err := m.router6.UpdateSet(set, v6Prefixes); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("update v6 set: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -536,9 +630,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protoco
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add inbound DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.AddInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // RemoveInboundDNAT removes an inbound DNAT rule.
@@ -550,9 +644,9 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Prot
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove inbound DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // AddOutputDNAT adds an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule for locally-generated traffic.
@@ -564,9 +658,9 @@ func (m *Manager) AddOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add output DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // RemoveOutputDNAT removes an OUTPUT chain DNAT rule.
@@ -578,9 +672,9 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Proto
 		if !m.hasIPv6() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove output DNAT: %w", firewall.ErrIPv6NotInitialized)
 		}
-		return m.family6.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+		return m.router6.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 	}
-	return m.family4.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
+	return m.router.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 const (
@@ -809,14 +903,3 @@ func getEstablishedExprs(register uint32) []expr.Any {
 		},
 	}
 }
-
-// isIPv6Rule reports whether the rule belongs to the v6 table. For a
-// prefix destination the destination family decides; otherwise the
-// (single-family) sources do, since management duplicates rules per
-// family.
-func isIPv6Rule(sources []netip.Prefix, destination firewall.Network) bool {
-	if destination.IsPrefix() {
-		return destination.Prefix.Addr().Is6()
-	}
-	return len(sources) > 0 && sources[0].Addr().Is6()
-}

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
-
 package nftables
 
 import (
@@ -72,13 +70,13 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 
 	testClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
-	rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+	rule, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 	err = manager.Flush()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to flush")
 
-	rules, err := testClient.GetRules(manager.family4.workTable, manager.family4.chainInputRules)
+	rules, err := testClient.GetRules(manager.aclManager.workTable, manager.aclManager.chainInputRules)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to get rules")
 
 	require.Len(t, rules, 2, "expected 2 rules")
@@ -149,12 +147,15 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 	// Compare connection tracking rule at position 1 (pushed down by DROP rule insertion)
 	compareExprsIgnoringCounters(t, rules[1].Exprs, expectedExprs1)
 
-	require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule), "failed to delete rule")
+	for _, r := range rule {
+		err = manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
+		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
+	}
 
 	err = manager.Flush()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to flush")
 
-	rules, err = testClient.GetRules(manager.family4.workTable, manager.family4.chainInputRules)
+	rules, err = testClient.GetRules(manager.aclManager.workTable, manager.aclManager.chainInputRules)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to get rules")
 	// established rule remains
 	require.Len(t, rules, 1, "expected 1 rules after deletion")
@@ -179,39 +180,47 @@ func TestNftablesManagerRuleOrder(t *testing.T) {
 	testClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
 	// Add accept rule first
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "accept-http")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add accept rule")
 
 	// Add deny rule second for the same traffic
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop, "deny-http")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add deny rule")
 
 	err = manager.Flush()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to flush")
 
-	rules, err := testClient.GetRules(manager.family4.workTable, manager.family4.chainInputRules)
+	rules, err := testClient.GetRules(manager.aclManager.workTable, manager.aclManager.chainInputRules)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to get rules")
 
 	t.Logf("Found %d rules in nftables chain", len(rules))
 
-	// Single-source rules emit a direct payload+cmp on the source IP
-	// (no set lookup). Match by source-IP + port + verdict instead of
-	// the legacy per-(action,port) set names ("deny-http"/"accept-http")
-	// that this test predates.
-	wantSrc := ip.AsSlice()
+	// Find the accept and deny rules and verify deny comes before accept
 	var acceptRuleIndex, denyRuleIndex = -1, -1
 	for i, rule := range rules {
-		var hasSrc, hasPort80 bool
+		hasAcceptHTTPSet := false
+		hasDenyHTTPSet := false
+		hasPort80 := false
 		var action string
+
 		for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
-			if cmp, ok := e.(*expr.Cmp); ok && cmp.Op == expr.CmpOpEq {
-				if bytes.Equal(cmp.Data, wantSrc) {
-					hasSrc = true
+			// Check for set lookup
+			if lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
+				switch lookup.SetName {
+				case "accept-http":
+					hasAcceptHTTPSet = true
+				case "deny-http":
+					hasDenyHTTPSet = true
 				}
-				if len(cmp.Data) == 2 && binary.BigEndian.Uint16(cmp.Data) == 80 {
+
+			}
+			// Check for port 80
+			if cmp, ok := e.(*expr.Cmp); ok {
+				if cmp.Op == expr.CmpOpEq && len(cmp.Data) == 2 && binary.BigEndian.Uint16(cmp.Data) == 80 {
 					hasPort80 = true
 				}
 			}
+			// Check for verdict
 			if verdict, ok := e.(*expr.Verdict); ok {
 				switch verdict.Kind {
 				case expr.VerdictAccept:
@@ -222,15 +231,11 @@ func TestNftablesManagerRuleOrder(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		if !hasSrc || !hasPort80 {
-			continue
-		}
-		switch action {
-		case "ACCEPT":
-			t.Logf("Rule [%d]: src=%s port=80 ACCEPT", i, ip)
+		if hasAcceptHTTPSet && hasPort80 && action == "ACCEPT" {
+			t.Logf("Rule [%d]: accept-http set + Port 80 + ACCEPT", i)
 			acceptRuleIndex = i
-		case "DROP":
-			t.Logf("Rule [%d]: src=%s port=80 DROP", i, ip)
+		} else if hasDenyHTTPSet && hasPort80 && action == "DROP" {
+			t.Logf("Rule [%d]: deny-http set + Port 80 + DROP", i)
 			denyRuleIndex = i
 		}
 	}
@@ -274,7 +279,7 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1000 + i)}}
-				_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 				if i%100 == 0 {
@@ -356,10 +361,10 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptables(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	ip := netip.MustParseAddr("100.96.0.1")
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add peer filtering rule")
 
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/24")},
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.1.0.0/24")},
@@ -432,10 +437,10 @@ func TestNftablesManagerIPv6CompatibilityWithIp6tables(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	ip := netip.MustParseAddr("fd00::2")
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "add v6 peer filtering rule")
 
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00:1::/64")},
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/48")},
@@ -545,7 +550,7 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptablesFor6kPrefixes(t *testing.T) {
 			prefixes = append(prefixes, netip.PrefixFrom(addr, 24))
 		}
 	}
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		prefixes,
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.2.0.0/24")},
@@ -560,7 +565,7 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptablesFor6kPrefixes(t *testing.T) {
 	verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
 }
 
-func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptablesForWildcardSource(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptablesForEmptyPrefixes(t *testing.T) {
 	if check() != NFTABLES {
 		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
 	}
@@ -586,9 +591,9 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptablesForWildcardSource(t *testing.T)
 		verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
 	})
 
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
-		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+		[]netip.Prefix{},
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.2.0.0/24")},
 		fw.ProtocolTCP,
 		nil,

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
+//go:build !android
 
 package nftables
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, testCase := range test.InsertRuleTestCases {
 		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			// need fw manager to init both acl mgr and family for all chains to be present
+			// need fw manager to init both acl mgr and router for all chains to be present
 			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 			nftablesTestingClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
-			rtr := manager.family4
+			rtr := manager.router
 			err = rtr.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "pair should be inserted")
 
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				// Build CIDR matching expressions
-				testRouter := &family{af: afIPv4}
-				sourceExp := prefixMatchExprs(testRouter.af, testCase.InputPair.Source.Prefix, true)
-				destExp := prefixMatchExprs(testRouter.af, testCase.InputPair.Destination.Prefix, false)
+				testRouter := &router{af: afIPv4}
+				sourceExp := testRouter.applyPrefix(testCase.InputPair.Source.Prefix, true)
+				destExp := testRouter.applyPrefix(testCase.InputPair.Destination.Prefix, false)
 
 				// Combine all expressions in the correct order
 				// nolint:gocritic
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				testingExpression = append(testingExpression, sourceExp...)
 				testingExpression = append(testingExpression, destExp...)
 
-				natRuleKey := testCase.InputPair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
+				natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 				found := 0
 				for _, chain := range rtr.chains {
 					if chain.Name == chainNameManglePrerouting {
 						rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
 						require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
 						for _, rule := range rules {
-							if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+							if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
 								// Compare expressions up to the mark setting expressions
 								require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "prerouting nat rule elements should match")
 								found = 1
@@ -135,19 +135,19 @@ func TestNftablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 
-			rtr := manager.family4
+			rtr := manager.router
 
-			// First add the NAT rule using the family's method
+			// First add the NAT rule using the router's method
 			err = rtr.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "should add NAT rule")
 
 			// Verify the rule was added
-			natRuleKey := testCase.InputPair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 			found := false
 			rules, err := rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting])
 			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules")
 			for _, rule := range rules {
-				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
 					found = true
 					break
 				}
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			rules, err = rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting])
 			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules after removal")
 			for _, rule := range rules {
-				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
 					found = true
 					break
 				}
@@ -200,11 +200,11 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	defer deleteWorkTable()
 
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create family")
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router")
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 
-	defer func(r *family) {
+	defer func(r *router) {
 		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset rules")
 	}(r)
 
@@ -314,16 +314,16 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ruleKey, err := r.AddFilterRule(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "AddFilterRule failed")
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
 
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
-				require.NoError(t, r.DeleteFilterRule(ruleKey), "Failed to delete rule")
+				require.NoError(t, r.DeleteRouteRule(ruleKey), "Failed to delete rule")
 			})
 
-			stored, ok := r.filters[id.RuleID(ruleKey.ID())]
-			require.True(t, ok, "Rule not found in filters map")
-			rule := stored.nftRule
+			// Check if the rule is in the internal map
+			rule, ok := r.rules[ruleKey.ID()]
+			assert.True(t, ok, "Rule not found in internal map")
 
 			t.Log("Internal rule expressions:")
 			for i, expr := range rule.Exprs {
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 			var nftRule *nftables.Rule
 			for _, rule := range rules {
-				if firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData) == ruleKey.ID() {
+				if string(rule.UserData) == ruleKey.ID() {
 					nftRule = rule
 					break
 				}
@@ -367,12 +367,12 @@ func TestNftablesCreateIpSet(t *testing.T) {
 
 	defer deleteWorkTable()
 
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create family")
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router")
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 
 	defer func() {
-		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset family")
+		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset router")
 	}()
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -509,42 +509,6 @@ func TestNftablesCreateIpSet(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// TestNftablesUpdateSetMergesOverlapping verifies that UpdateSet merges
-// overlapping prefixes before adding them. An interval set rejects
-// overlapping elements, so without the merge a batch holding a /32 already
-// covered by a /24, or a duplicate address as DNS resolution can produce,
-// would fail.
-func TestNftablesUpdateSetMergesOverlapping(t *testing.T) {
-	if check() != NFTABLES {
-		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
-	}
-
-	workTable, err := createWorkTable()
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create work table")
-	defer deleteWorkTable()
-
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create family")
-	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
-	defer func() {
-		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "reset family")
-	}()
-
-	initial := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")}
-	set := firewall.NewPrefixSet(initial)
-
-	created, err := r.createIpSet(set.HashedName(), setInput{prefixes: initial})
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create ip set")
-	require.NotNil(t, created)
-
-	overlapping := []netip.Prefix{
-		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
-		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32"),
-		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32"),
-	}
-	require.NoError(t, r.UpdateSet(set, overlapping), "UpdateSet must merge overlapping prefixes")
-}
-
 func TestNftablesCreateIpSet_IPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	if check() != NFTABLES {
 		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
@@ -554,11 +518,11 @@ func TestNftablesCreateIpSet_IPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create v6 work table")
 	defer deleteWorkTableIPv6()
 
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create family")
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router")
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 	defer func() {
-		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset family")
+		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset router")
 	}()
 
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -897,13 +861,13 @@ func TestRouter_RefreshRulesMap_RemovesStaleEntries(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer deleteWorkTable()
 
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 	defer func() { require.NoError(t, r.Reset()) }()
 
 	// Add a real rule to the kernel
-	ruleKey, err := r.AddFilterRule(
+	ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 		firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")},
@@ -914,11 +878,11 @@ func TestRouter_RefreshRulesMap_RemovesStaleEntries(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		require.NoError(t, r.DeleteFilterRule(ruleKey))
+		require.NoError(t, r.DeleteRouteRule(ruleKey))
 	})
 
 	// Inject a stale entry with Handle=0 (simulates store-before-flush failure)
-	staleKey := firewall.RuleID("stale-rule-that-does-not-exist")
+	staleKey := "stale-rule-that-does-not-exist"
 	r.rules[staleKey] = &nftables.Rule{
 		Table:    r.workTable,
 		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
@@ -938,55 +902,6 @@ func TestRouter_RefreshRulesMap_RemovesStaleEntries(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NotZero(t, realRule.Handle, "real rule should have a valid handle")
 }
 
-// TestRouter_DeleteRouteRule_RemovesKernelRule verifies a route filter
-// rule is actually removed from the kernel on delete. The route chain is
-// not refreshed by Flush, so the stored rule carries a zero handle;
-// DeleteFilterRule must pull live handles itself before issuing the
-// delete or the kernel rule leaks. Regression test for that path.
-func TestRouter_DeleteRouteRule_RemovesKernelRule(t *testing.T) {
-	if check() != NFTABLES {
-		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
-	}
-
-	workTable, err := createWorkTable()
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer deleteWorkTable()
-
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
-	defer func() { require.NoError(t, r.Reset()) }()
-
-	ruleKey, err := r.AddFilterRule(
-		nil,
-		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
-		firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")},
-		firewall.ProtocolTCP,
-		nil,
-		&firewall.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
-		firewall.ActionAccept,
-	)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	countKernelRules := func() int {
-		list, err := r.conn.GetRules(r.workTable, r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw])
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		n := 0
-		for _, rule := range list {
-			if string(rule.UserData) == string(ruleKey.ID()) {
-				n++
-			}
-		}
-		return n
-	}
-
-	require.Equal(t, 1, countKernelRules(), "rule should be present in the kernel after add")
-
-	require.NoError(t, r.DeleteFilterRule(ruleKey))
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, countKernelRules(), "rule must be removed from the kernel after delete")
-	assert.NotContains(t, r.filters, ruleKey.ID(), "filters map entry should be cleared")
-}
-
 func TestRouter_DeleteRouteRule_StaleHandle(t *testing.T) {
 	if check() != NFTABLES {
 		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
@@ -996,28 +911,24 @@ func TestRouter_DeleteRouteRule_StaleHandle(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer deleteWorkTable()
 
-	r, err := newFamily(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 	defer func() { require.NoError(t, r.Reset()) }()
 
 	// Inject a stale entry with Handle=0
-	staleKey := id.RuleID("stale-route-rule")
-	staleRule := &Rule{
-		nftRule: &nftables.Rule{
-			Table:    r.workTable,
-			Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
-			Handle:   0,
-			UserData: []byte(staleKey),
-		},
-		id: staleKey,
+	staleKey := "stale-route-rule"
+	r.rules[staleKey] = &nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
+		Handle:   0,
+		UserData: []byte(staleKey),
 	}
-	r.filters[staleKey] = staleRule
 
-	// DeleteFilterRule should not return an error for stale handles
-	err = r.DeleteFilterRule(staleRule)
+	// DeleteRouteRule should not return an error for stale handles
+	err = r.DeleteRouteRule(id.RuleID(staleKey))
 	assert.NoError(t, err, "deleting a stale rule should not error")
-	assert.NotContains(t, r.filters, staleKey, "stale entry should be cleaned up")
+	assert.NotContains(t, r.rules, staleKey, "stale entry should be cleaned up")
 }
 
 func TestRouter_AddNatRule_WithStaleEntry(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1039,7 +950,7 @@ func TestRouter_AddNatRule_WithStaleEntry(t *testing.T) {
 		Masquerade:  true,
 	}
 
-	rtr := manager.family4
+	rtr := manager.router
 
 	// First add succeeds
 	err = rtr.AddNatRule(pair)
@@ -1049,11 +960,11 @@ func TestRouter_AddNatRule_WithStaleEntry(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	// Corrupt the handle to simulate stale state
-	natRuleKey := pair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
+	natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, pair)
 	if rule, exists := rtr.rules[natRuleKey]; exists {
 		rule.Handle = 0
 	}
-	inverseKey := firewall.GetInversePair(pair).GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
+	inverseKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, firewall.GetInversePair(pair))
 	if rule, exists := rtr.rules[inverseKey]; exists {
 		rule.Handle = 0
 	}
@@ -1068,7 +979,7 @@ func TestRouter_AddNatRule_WithStaleEntry(t *testing.T) {
 
 	found := 0
 	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && firewall.RuleID(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+		if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
 			found++
 		}
 	}
@@ -1099,7 +1010,7 @@ func TestCalculateLastIP(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestConvertPrefixesToSet_IPv6(t *testing.T) {
-	r := &family{af: afIPv6}
+	r := &router{af: afIPv6}
 	prefixes := []netip.Prefix{
 		netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00::/64"),
 		netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::1/128"),

client/firewall/nftables/routing_linux.go

@@ -1,494 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
-
-	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
-)
-
-func (r *family) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	if r.legacyManagement {
-		log.Warnf("This peer is connected to a NetBird Management service with an older version. Allowing all traffic for %s", pair.Destination)
-		if err := r.addLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-			r.rollbackRules(pair)
-			return fmt.Errorf("add legacy routing rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if pair.Masquerade {
-		if err := r.addNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-			r.rollbackRules(pair)
-			return fmt.Errorf("add nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if err := r.addNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-			r.rollbackRules(pair)
-			return fmt.Errorf("add inverse nat rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		r.rollbackRules(pair)
-		return fmt.Errorf("insert rules for %s: %w", pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// rollbackRules cleans up unflushed rules and their set counters after a flush failure.
-func (r *family) rollbackRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) {
-	keys := []firewall.RuleID{
-		pair.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat),
-		pair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat),
-		firewall.GetInversePair(pair).GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat),
-	}
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		rule, ok := r.rules[key]
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("rollback set counter for %s: %v", key, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, key)
-	}
-}
-
-// addNatRule inserts a nftables rule to the conn client flush queue
-func (r *family) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Source, nil, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Destination, nil, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	op := expr.CmpOpEq
-	if pair.Inverse {
-		op = expr.CmpOpNeq
-	}
-
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       op,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-	}
-	// We only care about NEW connections to mark them and later identify them in the postrouting chain for masquerading.
-	// Masquerading will take care of the conntrack state, which means we won't need to mark established connections.
-	exprs = append(exprs, getCtNewExprs()...)
-
-	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
-	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
-
-	var markValue uint32 = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade
-	if pair.Inverse {
-		markValue = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn
-	}
-
-	exprs = append(exprs,
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(markValue),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:            expr.MetaKeyMARK,
-			SourceRegister: true,
-			Register:       1,
-		},
-	)
-
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Ensure nat rules come first, so the mark can be overwritten.
-	// Currently overwritten by the dst-type LOCAL rules for redirected traffic.
-	r.rules[ruleID] = r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting],
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID),
-	})
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *family) addPostroutingRules() {
-	// First masquerade rule for traffic coming in from WireGuard interface
-	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		// Match on the first fwmark
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
-		},
-
-		// We need to exclude the loopback interface as this changes the ebpf proxy port
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname("lo"),
-		},
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Masq{},
-	}
-
-	r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-		Exprs: exprs,
-	})
-
-	// Second masquerade rule for traffic going out through WireGuard interface
-	exprs2 := []expr.Any{
-		// Match on the second fwmark
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
-		},
-
-		// Match WireGuard interface
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Masq{},
-	}
-
-	r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-		Exprs: exprs2,
-	})
-}
-
-// addMSSClampingRules adds MSS clamping rules to prevent fragmentation for forwarded traffic.
-func (r *family) addMSSClampingRules() error {
-	overhead := uint16(ipv4TCPHeaderSize)
-	if r.af.tableFamily == nftables.TableFamilyIPv6 {
-		overhead = ipv6TCPHeaderSize
-	}
-	if r.mtu <= overhead {
-		log.Debugf("MTU %d too small for MSS clamping (overhead %d), skipping", r.mtu, overhead)
-		return nil
-	}
-	mss := r.mtu - overhead
-
-	exprsOut := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
-		},
-		&expr.Meta{
-			Key:      expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{unix.IPPROTO_TCP},
-		},
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
-			Offset:       13,
-			Len:          1,
-		},
-		&expr.Bitwise{
-			DestRegister:   1,
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			Len:            1,
-			Mask:           []byte{0x02},
-			Xor:            []byte{0x00},
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{0x00},
-		},
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Exthdr{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Type:         2,
-			Offset:       2,
-			Len:          2,
-			Op:           expr.ExthdrOpTcpopt,
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpGt,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(uint16(mss)),
-		},
-		&expr.Immediate{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(uint16(mss)),
-		},
-		&expr.Exthdr{
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			Type:           2,
-			Offset:         2,
-			Len:            2,
-			Op:             expr.ExthdrOpTcpopt,
-		},
-	}
-
-	r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameMangleForward],
-		Exprs: exprsOut,
-	})
-
-	return r.conn.Flush()
-}
-
-func (r *family) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Source, nil, true)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Destination, nil, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var exprs []expr.Any
-	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
-	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
-	exprs = append(exprs,
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictAccept},
-	)
-
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat)
-
-	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleID]; exists {
-		if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleID] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleID),
-	})
-	return nil
-}
-
-// removeLegacyRouteRule removes a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
-func (r *family) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat)
-
-	rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]
-	if !exists {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return r.deleteLegacyRuleEntry(ruleID, rule)
-}
-
-// deleteLegacyRuleEntry removes one legacy forwarding rule and drops its
-// ipset references. It also clears stale entries that never got a handle.
-func (r *family) deleteLegacyRuleEntry(ruleID firewall.RuleID, rule *nftables.Rule) error {
-	if rule.Handle == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("legacy forwarding rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID)
-		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("decrement set counter for stale rule %s: %v", ruleID, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s: %w", ruleID, err)
-	}
-
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-	if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// GetLegacyManagement returns the route manager's legacy management mode
-func (r *family) GetLegacyManagement() bool {
-	return r.legacyManagement
-}
-
-// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management mode
-func (r *family) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) {
-	r.legacyManagement = isLegacy
-}
-
-// RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules removes all legacy routing rules for mgmt servers pre route acls
-func (r *family) RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules() error {
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for k, rule := range r.rules {
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(string(k), firewall.ForwardingFormatPrefix) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.deleteLegacyRuleEntry(k, rule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeNatPreroutingRules() error {
-	table := &nftables.Table{
-		Name:   tableNat,
-		Family: r.af.tableFamily,
-	}
-	chain := &nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameNatPrerouting,
-		Table:    table,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityNATDest,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-	}
-	rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(table, chain)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get rules from nat table: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	// Delete rules that have our UserData suffix
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if len(rule.UserData) == 0 || !strings.HasSuffix(string(rule.UserData), string(dnatSuffix)) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete rule %s: %w", rule.UserData, err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf(flushError, err))
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-
-	if pair.Masquerade {
-		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err))
-		}
-
-		if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove inverse prerouting rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err))
-	}
-
-	// Set counters are decremented in the sub-methods above before flush. If flush fails,
-	// counters will be off until the next successful removal or refresh cycle.
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("flush remove nat rules %s: %w", pair.Destination, err))
-	}
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-func (r *family) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleID := pair.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat)
-
-	rule, exists := r.rules[ruleID]
-	if !exists {
-		log.Debugf("prerouting rule %s not found", ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if rule.Handle == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("prerouting rule %s has no handle, removing stale entry", ruleID)
-		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("decrement set counter for stale rule %s: %v", ruleID, err)
-		}
-		delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule %s -> %s: %w", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	log.Debugf("removed prerouting rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
-
-	delete(r.rules, ruleID)
-
-	if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}

client/firewall/nftables/rule_linux.go

@@ -1,26 +1,21 @@
 package nftables
 
 import (
-	"net/netip"
+	"net"
 
 	"github.com/google/nftables"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 )
 
-// Rule wraps an installed filter rule (peer or route). Source set
-// membership is encoded in the rule's expressions; DeleteFilterRule
-// recovers the set name via findSets so the refcounter can drop the
-// right reference. mangleRule is set only for peer rules.
+// Rule to handle management of rules
 type Rule struct {
 	nftRule    *nftables.Rule
 	mangleRule *nftables.Rule
-	// sources is the canonical source list this rule was created for.
-	sources []netip.Prefix
-	id      manager.RuleID
+	nftSet     *nftables.Set
+	ruleID     string
+	ip         net.IP
 }
 
-// ID returns the rule id
-func (r *Rule) ID() manager.RuleID {
-	return r.id
+// GetRuleID returns the rule id
+func (r *Rule) ID() string {
+	return r.ruleID
 }

client/firewall/nftables/testhelpers_linux_test.go

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-//go:build integration && !android
-
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-)
-
-func pfx(ip net.IP) []netip.Prefix {
-	if ip == nil {
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	if ip.IsUnspecified() {
-		if ip.To4() != nil {
-			return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-		}
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv6Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	a, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
-	if !ok {
-		panic(fmt.Sprintf("invalid IP length: %d", len(ip)))
-	}
-	a = a.Unmap()
-	return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(a, a.BitLen())}
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//go:build !windows
+
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/firewalld"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+)
+
+// Close cleans up the firewall manager by removing all rules and closing trackers
+func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	m.resetState()
+
+	if m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.Close(stateManager)
+	}
+	if err := firewalld.UntrustInterface(m.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to untrust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
+func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.AllowNetbird()
+	}
+	if err := firewalld.TrustInterface(m.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to trust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird_windows.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 type action string
@@ -19,20 +20,35 @@ const (
 	firewallRuleName        = "Netbird"
 )
 
-// WindowsInterfaceAllower opens the NetBird interface in the Windows firewall
-// via netsh advfirewall rules. It implements InterfaceAllower for the userspace
-// firewall on Windows.
-type WindowsInterfaceAllower struct {
-	iface Iface
+// Close cleans up the firewall manager by removing all rules and closing trackers
+func (m *Manager) Close(*statemanager.Manager) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	m.resetState()
+
+	if !isWindowsFirewallReachable() {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	if isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName) {
+		if err := manageFirewallRule(firewallRuleName, deleteRule); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove windows firewall rule: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName + "-v6") {
+		if err := manageFirewallRule(firewallRuleName+"-v6", deleteRule); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove windows v6 firewall rule: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-// NewWindowsInterfaceAllower builds the Windows netsh-based interface allower.
-func NewWindowsInterfaceAllower(iface Iface) *WindowsInterfaceAllower {
-	return &WindowsInterfaceAllower{iface: iface}
-}
-
-// Apply adds inbound-allow netsh rules for the interface's addresses.
-func (a *WindowsInterfaceAllower) Apply() error {
+// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
+func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 	if !isWindowsFirewallReachable() {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -44,13 +60,13 @@ func (a *WindowsInterfaceAllower) Apply() error {
 			"enable=yes",
 			"action=allow",
 			"profile=any",
-			"localip="+a.iface.Address().IP.String(),
+			"localip="+m.wgIface.Address().IP.String(),
 		); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 
-	if v6 := a.iface.Address().IPv6; v6.IsValid() && !isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName+"-v6") {
+	if v6 := m.wgIface.Address().IPv6; v6.IsValid() && !isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName+"-v6") {
 		if err := manageFirewallRule(firewallRuleName+"-v6",
 			addRule,
 			"dir=in",
@@ -66,27 +82,8 @@ func (a *WindowsInterfaceAllower) Apply() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Close removes the netsh rules added by Apply.
-func (a *WindowsInterfaceAllower) Close() error {
-	if !isWindowsFirewallReachable() {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName) {
-		if err := manageFirewallRule(firewallRuleName, deleteRule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove windows firewall rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	if isFirewallRuleActive(firewallRuleName + "-v6") {
-		if err := manageFirewallRule(firewallRuleName+"-v6", deleteRule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove windows v6 firewall rule: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
 func manageFirewallRule(ruleName string, action action, extraArgs ...string) error {
+
 	args := []string{"advfirewall", "firewall", string(action), "rule", "name=" + ruleName}
 	if action == addRule {
 		args = append(args, extraArgs...)

client/firewall/uspfilter/common/iface.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
+)
+
+// IFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
+type IFaceMapper interface {
+	Name() string
+	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
+	Address() wgaddr.Address
+	GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device
+	GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"slices"
@@ -19,18 +20,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 
 	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/firewalld"
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder"
 	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
 	nbid "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
 	nftypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
@@ -61,10 +58,7 @@ const (
 	// EnvDisableMSSClamping disables TCP MSS clamping for forwarded traffic.
 	EnvDisableMSSClamping = "NB_DISABLE_MSS_CLAMPING"
 
-	// EnvForceUserspaceRouter is a deprecated alias for
-	// NB_FORCE_USERSPACE_FIREWALL: the userspace firewall always routes in
-	// userspace, so forcing one forces the other. Kept for backward
-	// compatibility.
+	// EnvForceUserspaceRouter forces userspace routing even if native routing is available.
 	EnvForceUserspaceRouter = "NB_FORCE_USERSPACE_ROUTER"
 
 	// EnvEnableLocalForwarding enables forwarding of local traffic to the native stack for internal (non-NetBird) interfaces.
@@ -76,19 +70,14 @@ const (
 	EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding = "NB_ENABLE_NETSTACK_LOCAL_FORWARDING"
 )
 
-// errNotSupported is returned by firewall operations that only make sense with
-// a kernel firewall (kernel NAT/DNAT, eBPF) and are not implemented in
-// userspace mode, where they should not be called.
-var errNotSupported = errors.New("not supported with userspace firewall")
+var errNatNotSupported = errors.New("nat not supported with userspace firewall")
 
-// peerRules is the canonical list-based storage for peer ACL rules.
-// Match order is significant: drop rules come before accept rules so
-// callers should consult the slice in order.
-type peerRules []*PeerRule
+// RuleSet is a set of rules grouped by a string key
+type RuleSet map[string]PeerRule
 
-type routeRules []*RouteRule
+type RouteRules []*RouteRule
 
-func (r routeRules) Sort() {
+func (r RouteRules) Sort() {
 	slices.SortStableFunc(r, func(a, b *RouteRule) int {
 		// Deny rules come first
 		if a.action == firewall.ActionDrop && b.action != firewall.ActionDrop {
@@ -97,75 +86,22 @@ func (r routeRules) Sort() {
 		if a.action != firewall.ActionDrop && b.action == firewall.ActionDrop {
 			return 1
 		}
-		return strings.Compare(string(a.id), string(b.id))
+		return strings.Compare(a.id, b.id)
 	})
 }
 
-// peerRuleSpec carries the parameters that define a peer filter rule,
-// threaded together through the build path so the builders take a single
-// argument instead of a long parameter list.
-type peerRuleSpec struct {
-	mgmtID   []byte
-	sources  []netip.Prefix
-	ipLayer  gopacket.LayerType
-	matchAny bool
-	proto    firewall.Protocol
-	sPort    *firewall.Port
-	dPort    *firewall.Port
-	action   firewall.Action
-}
-
-// Iface is the network interface the userspace firewall attaches to: the
-// methods of the WireGuard device it actually uses.
-type Iface interface {
-	Name() string
-	Address() wgaddr.Address
-	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
-	GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device
-}
-
-// InterfaceAllower opens the NetBird interface in the host firewall so it
-// doesn't drop traffic the userspace firewall handles, without taking over
-// packet filtering. Implementations (nftables, iptables, firewalld, the windows
-// netsh rule) are selected per platform and injected into Create; Apply runs at
-// creation and Close on teardown.
-type InterfaceAllower interface {
-	Apply() error
-	Close() error
-}
-
-// Config holds the dependencies and options for the userspace firewall.
-type Config struct {
-	// IFace is the overlay interface the filter attaches to.
-	IFace Iface
-	// InterfaceAllower opens the NetBird interface in foreign kernel filter
-	// chains so the kernel doesn't drop traffic the userspace firewall handles.
-	// Nil in netstack mode, on non-Linux platforms without a backend, or when
-	// neither nftables nor iptables is available. firewalld trust is applied by
-	// the manager regardless, since firewalld owns its own chains and we cannot
-	// insert into them.
-	InterfaceAllower InterfaceAllower
-	// DisableServerRoutes indicates whether server routes are disabled.
-	DisableServerRoutes bool
-	FlowLogger          nftypes.FlowLogger
-	MTU                 uint16
-}
-
 // Manager userspace firewall manager
 type Manager struct {
-	decoders     sync.Pool
-	wgIface      Iface
-	ifaceAllower InterfaceAllower
-	mutex        sync.RWMutex
+	outgoingRules     map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
+	incomingDenyRules map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
+	incomingRules     map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
+	routeRules        RouteRules
+	routeRulesMap     map[nbid.RuleID]*RouteRule
+	decoders          sync.Pool
+	wgIface           common.IFaceMapper
+	nativeFirewall    firewall.Manager
 
-	incomingDenyRules   peerRules
-	incomingAcceptRules peerRules
-	incomingDenyIndex   peerRuleIndex
-	incomingAcceptIndex peerRuleIndex
-	peerRulesMap        map[nbid.RuleID]*PeerRule
-
-	routeRules    routeRules
-	routeRulesMap map[nbid.RuleID]*RouteRule
+	mutex sync.RWMutex
 
 	// indicates whether server routes are disabled
 	disableServerRoutes bool
@@ -247,6 +183,24 @@ func (d *decoder) decodePacket(data []byte) error {
 	}
 }
 
+// Create userspace firewall manager constructor
+func Create(iface common.IFaceMapper, disableServerRoutes bool, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, mtu uint16) (*Manager, error) {
+	return create(iface, nil, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+}
+
+func CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, mtu uint16) (*Manager, error) {
+	if nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("native firewall is nil")
+	}
+
+	mgr, err := create(iface, nativeFirewall, disableServerRoutes, flowLogger, mtu)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return mgr, nil
+}
+
 func parseCreateEnv() (bool, bool, bool) {
 	var disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding, disableMSSClamping bool
 	var err error
@@ -277,7 +231,7 @@ func parseCreateEnv() (bool, bool, bool) {
 	return disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding, disableMSSClamping
 }
 
-func Create(cfg Config) (_ *Manager, err error) {
+func create(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, mtu uint16) (*Manager, error) {
 	disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding, disableMSSClamping := parseCreateEnv()
 
 	m := &Manager{
@@ -300,131 +254,62 @@ func Create(cfg Config) (_ *Manager, err error) {
 				return d
 			},
 		},
-		wgIface:             cfg.IFace,
-		ifaceAllower:        cfg.InterfaceAllower,
+		nativeFirewall:      nativeFirewall,
+		outgoingRules:       make(map[netip.Addr]RuleSet),
+		incomingDenyRules:   make(map[netip.Addr]RuleSet),
+		incomingRules:       make(map[netip.Addr]RuleSet),
+		wgIface:             iface,
 		localipmanager:      newLocalIPManager(),
-		disableServerRoutes: cfg.DisableServerRoutes,
+		disableServerRoutes: disableServerRoutes,
 		stateful:            !disableConntrack,
 		logger:              nblog.NewFromLogrus(log.StandardLogger()),
-		flowLogger:          cfg.FlowLogger,
+		flowLogger:          flowLogger,
 		netstack:            netstack.IsEnabled(),
 		localForwarding:     enableLocalForwarding,
-		peerRulesMap:        make(map[nbid.RuleID]*PeerRule),
 		routeRulesMap:       make(map[nbid.RuleID]*RouteRule),
 		dnatMappings:        make(map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr),
 		portDNATRules:       []portDNATRule{},
 		netstackServices:    make(map[serviceKey]struct{}),
-		mtu:                 cfg.MTU,
+		mtu:                 mtu,
 	}
 	m.routingEnabled.Store(false)
 
-	// Release the allower (and its monitor) if setup fails after it was wired in.
-	defer func() {
-		if err != nil {
-			m.closeAllowerOnError()
-		}
-	}()
-
 	if !disableMSSClamping {
-		m.enableMSSClamping(cfg.MTU)
+		m.mssClampEnabled = true
+		if mtu > ipv4TCPHeaderMinSize {
+			m.mssClampValueIPv4 = mtu - ipv4TCPHeaderMinSize
+		}
+		if mtu > ipv6TCPHeaderMinSize {
+			m.mssClampValueIPv6 = mtu - ipv6TCPHeaderMinSize
+		}
 	}
-	if err := m.localipmanager.UpdateLocalIPs(cfg.IFace); err != nil {
+	if err := m.localipmanager.UpdateLocalIPs(iface); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("update local IPs: %w", err)
 	}
-	m.setupConntrack(disableConntrack)
+	if disableConntrack {
+		log.Info("conntrack is disabled")
+	} else {
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger, flowLogger)
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger, flowLogger)
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger, flowLogger)
+	}
 	if m.netstack && m.localForwarding {
 		if err := m.initForwarder(); err != nil {
 			log.Errorf("failed to initialize forwarder: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
-	if err := cfg.IFace.SetFilter(m); err != nil {
+	if err := iface.SetFilter(m); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set filter: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	m.openHostFirewall(cfg.IFace.Name())
-
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-// closeAllowerOnError releases the allower (and its monitor) when Create fails
-// after the allower was wired in.
-func (m *Manager) closeAllowerOnError() {
-	if m.ifaceAllower == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	if err := m.ifaceAllower.Close(); err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("close interface allower after failed firewall setup: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-// enableMSSClamping enables MSS clamping and computes the per-family clamp values.
-func (m *Manager) enableMSSClamping(mtu uint16) {
-	m.mssClampEnabled = true
-	if mtu > ipv4TCPHeaderMinSize {
-		m.mssClampValueIPv4 = mtu - ipv4TCPHeaderMinSize
-	}
-	if mtu > ipv6TCPHeaderMinSize {
-		m.mssClampValueIPv6 = mtu - ipv6TCPHeaderMinSize
-	}
-}
-
-// setupConntrack initializes the stateful trackers unless conntrack is disabled.
-func (m *Manager) setupConntrack(disabled bool) {
-	if disabled {
-		log.Info("conntrack is disabled")
-		return
-	}
-	m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
-	m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
-	m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
-}
-
-// openHostFirewall opens the NetBird interface in the kernel firewall so it
-// doesn't drop traffic the userspace firewall handles. Best-effort: failures
-// here shouldn't prevent the firewall from coming up.
-func (m *Manager) openHostFirewall(ifaceName string) {
-	if m.ifaceAllower != nil {
-		if err := m.ifaceAllower.Apply(); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-	// firewalld owns its own chains we can't insert into, so trust the interface
-	// there in addition to the allower. Netstack has no kernel interface.
-	if !m.netstack {
-		if err := firewalld.TrustInterface(ifaceName); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to trust interface in firewalld: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// Close cleans up the firewall manager: removes rules, closes trackers, and
-// closes the interface allower.
-func (m *Manager) Close(*statemanager.Manager) error {
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
-
-	m.resetState()
-
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if m.ifaceAllower != nil {
-		if err := m.ifaceAllower.Close(); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("close interface allower: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	if !m.netstack {
-		if err := firewalld.UntrustInterface(m.wgIface.Name()); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("untrust interface in firewalld: %w", err))
-		}
-	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
 // blockInvalidRouted installs drop rules for traffic to the wg overlay that
 // arrives via the routing path. v4 and v6 are independent: a v6 install
 // failure leaves v4 protection in place (and vice versa) so the returned
 // slice always contains whatever was successfully installed, even on error.
 // Callers must persist the slice so DisableRouting can clean partial state.
-func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface Iface) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface common.IFaceMapper) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	wgPrefix := iface.Address().Network
 	log.Debugf("blocking invalid routed traffic for %s", wgPrefix)
 
@@ -435,7 +320,7 @@ func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface Iface) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	}
 
 	var rules []firewall.Rule
-	v4Rule, err := m.addRouteRule(
+	v4Rule, err := m.addRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		sources,
 		firewall.Network{Prefix: wgPrefix},
@@ -451,7 +336,7 @@ func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface Iface) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 
 	if v6Net.IsValid() {
 		log.Debugf("blocking invalid routed traffic for %s", v6Net)
-		v6Rule, err := m.addRouteRule(
+		v6Rule, err := m.addRouteFiltering(
 			nil,
 			sources,
 			firewall.Network{Prefix: v6Net},
@@ -472,14 +357,20 @@ func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface Iface) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) determineRouting() error {
-	var disableUspRouting bool
+	var disableUspRouting, forceUserspaceRouter bool
+	var err error
 	if val := os.Getenv(EnvDisableUserspaceRouting); val != "" {
-		var err error
 		disableUspRouting, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvDisableUserspaceRouting, err)
 		}
 	}
+	if val := os.Getenv(EnvForceUserspaceRouter); val != "" {
+		forceUserspaceRouter, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvForceUserspaceRouter, err)
+		}
+	}
 
 	switch {
 	case disableUspRouting:
@@ -494,11 +385,26 @@ func (m *Manager) determineRouting() error {
 
 		log.Info("server routes are disabled")
 
+	case forceUserspaceRouter:
+		m.routingEnabled.Store(true)
+		m.nativeRouter.Store(false)
+
+		log.Info("userspace routing is forced")
+
+	case !m.netstack && m.nativeFirewall != nil:
+		// if the OS supports routing natively, then we don't need to filter/route ourselves
+		// netstack mode won't support native routing as there is no interface
+
+		m.routingEnabled.Store(true)
+		m.nativeRouter.Store(true)
+
+		log.Info("native routing is enabled")
+
 	default:
 		m.routingEnabled.Store(true)
 		m.nativeRouter.Store(false)
 
-		log.Info("userspace routing enabled")
+		log.Info("userspace routing enabled by default")
 	}
 
 	if m.routingEnabled.Load() && !m.nativeRouter.Load() {
@@ -564,147 +470,82 @@ func (m *Manager) IsStateful() bool {
 	return m.stateful
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.AddNatRule(pair)
+	}
+
 	// userspace routed packets are always SNATed to the inbound direction
 	// TODO: implement outbound SNAT
 	return nil
 }
 
 // RemoveNatRule removes a routing firewall rule
-func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveNatRule(pair)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-// addPeerRule installs an input-chain rule that matches packets
-// by source only. Called from AddFilterRule when the caller doesn't
-// specify a destination. Mixed-family inputs are split: each family
-// gets its own rule with a family-correct ipLayer so packet decoding
-// matches what the matcher expects.
-func (m *Manager) addPeerRule(
+// AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
+//
+// If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
+// rule ID as comment for the rule
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	id []byte,
-	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	ip net.IP,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
-) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	_ string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+	// TODO: fix in upper layers
+	i, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IP: %s", ip)
+	}
+
+	i = i.Unmap()
+	r := PeerRule{
+		id:        uuid.New().String(),
+		mgmtId:    id,
+		ip:        i,
+		ipLayer:   layers.LayerTypeIPv6,
+		matchByIP: true,
+		drop:      action == firewall.ActionDrop,
+	}
+	if i.Is4() {
+		r.ipLayer = layers.LayerTypeIPv4
+	}
+
+	if s := r.ip.String(); s == "0.0.0.0" || s == "::" {
+		r.matchByIP = false
+	}
+
+	r.sPort = sPort
+	r.dPort = dPort
+
+	r.protoLayer = protoToLayer(proto, r.ipLayer)
+
 	m.mutex.Lock()
-	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
-
-	if sourcesMatchAny(sources) {
-		spec := peerRuleSpec{
-			mgmtID:   id,
-			sources:  sources,
-			ipLayer:  layerTypeAll,
-			matchAny: true,
-			proto:    proto,
-			sPort:    sPort,
-			dPort:    dPort,
-			action:   action,
-		}
-		return m.addOnePeerRule(spec), nil
-	}
-
-	// Sources are a single family; normalize v4-mapped prefixes to plain
-	// v4 and pick the matching IP layer.
-	normalized := make([]netip.Prefix, len(sources))
-	ipLayer := layers.LayerTypeIPv4
-	for i, p := range sources {
-		normalized[i] = firewall.UnmapPrefix(p)
-		if normalized[i].Addr().Is6() {
-			ipLayer = layers.LayerTypeIPv6
-		}
-	}
-	spec := peerRuleSpec{
-		mgmtID:   id,
-		sources:  normalized,
-		ipLayer:  ipLayer,
-		matchAny: false,
-		proto:    proto,
-		sPort:    sPort,
-		dPort:    dPort,
-		action:   action,
-	}
-	return m.addOnePeerRule(spec), nil
-}
-
-// addOnePeerRule builds and registers a single-family peer rule, or
-// returns the existing rule when one with the same content key is
-// already installed. The caller must hold m.mutex. The content key is
-// the shared GenerateRuleID with an empty destination, so peer
-// rules dedup the same way route rules and the kernel backends do.
-//
-// There is no refcount: a content key is installed once and deleted on
-// the first DeleteFilterRule for that key. The caller must therefore
-// key its own tracking by the returned rule id so add and delete stay
-// balanced per content key; the acl manager does this via
-// peerRulesPairs. The content key is order-independent, so callers
-// passing the same sources in any order dedup to one rule.
-func (m *Manager) addOnePeerRule(spec peerRuleSpec) *PeerRule {
-	ruleID := nbid.GenerateRuleID(spec.sources, firewall.Network{}, spec.proto, spec.sPort, spec.dPort, spec.action)
-	if existing, ok := m.peerRulesMap[ruleID]; ok {
-		return existing
-	}
-
-	rule := m.buildPeerRule(ruleID, spec)
-	m.registerPeerRule(rule)
-	return rule
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) buildPeerRule(ruleID nbid.RuleID, spec peerRuleSpec) *PeerRule {
-	r := &PeerRule{
-		id:       ruleID,
-		mgmtId:   spec.mgmtID,
-		sources:  spec.sources,
-		matchAny: spec.matchAny,
-		action:   spec.action,
-		srcPort:  spec.sPort,
-		dstPort:  spec.dPort,
-	}
-	if !spec.matchAny {
-		r.sourceAddrs = make(map[netip.Addr]struct{}, len(spec.sources))
-		for _, p := range spec.sources {
-			if p.Bits() == p.Addr().BitLen() {
-				r.sourceAddrs[p.Addr()] = struct{}{}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	r.protoLayer = protoToLayer(spec.proto, spec.ipLayer)
-	return r
-}
-
-// registerPeerRule records a freshly built peer rule in the matching
-// slice, index, and dedup map. The caller must hold m.mutex.
-func (m *Manager) registerPeerRule(r *PeerRule) {
-	if r.action == firewall.ActionDrop {
-		m.incomingDenyRules = append(m.incomingDenyRules, r)
-		m.incomingDenyIndex.add(r)
+	var targetMap map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
+	if r.drop {
+		targetMap = m.incomingDenyRules
 	} else {
-		m.incomingAcceptRules = append(m.incomingAcceptRules, r)
-		m.incomingAcceptIndex.add(r)
+		targetMap = m.incomingRules
 	}
-	m.peerRulesMap[r.id] = r
+
+	if _, ok := targetMap[r.ip]; !ok {
+		targetMap[r.ip] = make(RuleSet)
+	}
+	targetMap[r.ip][r.id] = r
+	m.mutex.Unlock()
+	return []firewall.Rule{&r}, nil
 }
 
-// sourcesMatchAny reports whether the source list matches every source,
-// i.e. contains an explicit /0 prefix. An empty list does not qualify:
-// AddFilterRule rejects it with ErrNoSources, so "match any" is always
-// the deliberate /0 case.
-func sourcesMatchAny(sources []netip.Prefix) bool {
-	for _, p := range sources {
-		if p.Bits() == 0 {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// AddFilterRule is the unified entry point for both peer (input chain)
-// and route (forward chain) filtering rules. The destination
-// distinguishes the two semantics: a zero Network installs an
-// input-side rule that matches by source only; a set Network installs
-// a forward-side rule that also matches the destination.
-func (m *Manager) AddFilterRule(
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
 	destination firewall.Network,
@@ -712,34 +553,13 @@ func (m *Manager) AddFilterRule(
 	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
 ) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	if len(sources) == 0 {
-		return nil, firewall.ErrNoSources
-	}
-
-	if destination.IsZero() {
-		return m.addPeerRule(id, sources, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	}
-
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
-	return m.addRouteRule(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-}
-
-// DeleteFilterRule deletes a filtering rule. The rule's underlying type
-// is used to route to the correct internal path.
-func (m *Manager) DeleteFilterRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	if r, ok := rule.(*PeerRule); ok {
-		return m.deletePeerRuleLocked(r)
-	}
-
-	// Anything else is a route rule (matched on the forward path).
-	return m.deleteRouteRule(rule)
+	return m.addRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) addRouteRule(
+func (m *Manager) addRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
 	destination firewall.Network,
@@ -747,14 +567,19 @@ func (m *Manager) addRouteRule(
 	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
 ) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	ruleID := nbid.GenerateRuleID(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	}
 
-	if existingRule, ok := m.routeRulesMap[ruleID]; ok {
+	ruleKey := nbid.GenerateRouteRuleKey(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+
+	if existingRule, ok := m.routeRulesMap[ruleKey]; ok {
 		return existingRule, nil
 	}
 
 	rule := RouteRule{
-		id:         ruleID,
+		// TODO: consolidate these IDs
+		id:         string(ruleKey),
 		mgmtId:     id,
 		sources:    sources,
 		dstSet:     destination.Set,
@@ -769,58 +594,78 @@ func (m *Manager) addRouteRule(
 
 	m.routeRules = append(m.routeRules, &rule)
 	m.routeRules.Sort()
-	m.routeRulesMap[ruleID] = &rule
+	m.routeRulesMap[ruleKey] = &rule
 
 	return &rule, nil
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.deleteRouteRule(rule)
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) deleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	trimmed, _, ok := removeRuleByID(m.routeRules, ruleID)
-	if !ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("route rule not found: %s", ruleID)
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 	}
-	m.routeRules = trimmed
-	delete(m.routeRulesMap, ruleID)
+
+	ruleKey := nbid.RuleID(rule.ID())
+	if _, ok := m.routeRulesMap[ruleKey]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("route rule not found: %s", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	idx := slices.IndexFunc(m.routeRules, func(r *RouteRule) bool {
+		return r.id == string(ruleKey)
+	})
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("route rule not found in slice: %s", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	m.routeRules = slices.Delete(m.routeRules, idx, idx+1)
+	delete(m.routeRulesMap, ruleKey)
 	return nil
 }
 
-// deletePeerRuleLocked removes a peer rule from the matching slice,
-// index, and dedup map. The caller must hold m.mutex.
-func (m *Manager) deletePeerRuleLocked(r *PeerRule) error {
-	target, index := &m.incomingAcceptRules, &m.incomingAcceptIndex
-	if r.action == firewall.ActionDrop {
-		target, index = &m.incomingDenyRules, &m.incomingDenyIndex
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	r, ok := rule.(*PeerRule)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: invalid rule type: %T", rule)
 	}
 
-	trimmed, stored, ok := removeRuleByID(*target, r.id)
-	if !ok {
+	var sourceMap map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
+	if r.drop {
+		sourceMap = m.incomingDenyRules
+	} else {
+		sourceMap = m.incomingRules
+	}
+
+	if ruleset, ok := sourceMap[r.ip]; ok {
+		if _, exists := ruleset[r.id]; !exists {
+			return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: no rule with such id: %v", r.id)
+		}
+		delete(ruleset, r.id)
+		if len(ruleset) == 0 {
+			delete(sourceMap, r.ip)
+		}
+	} else {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: no rule with such id: %v", r.id)
 	}
-	*target = trimmed
-	index.remove(stored)
-	delete(m.peerRulesMap, r.id)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
-// removeRuleByID removes the first rule whose id matches ruleID from
-// rules, preserving order. It returns the trimmed slice, the removed
-// rule, and whether a match was found.
-func removeRuleByID[S ~[]T, T firewall.Rule](rules S, ruleID firewall.RuleID) (S, T, bool) {
-	idx := slices.IndexFunc(rules, func(r T) bool { return r.ID() == ruleID })
-	var removed T
-	if idx < 0 {
-		return rules, removed, false
+// SetLegacyManagement doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
+func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil
 	}
-	removed = rules[idx]
-	return slices.Delete(rules, idx, idx+1), removed, true
-}
-
-// SetLegacyManagement is a no-op for the userspace firewall: it only matters
-// when an old management server can't send route firewall rules, which the
-// userspace router doesn't rely on.
-func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(bool) error {
-	return nil
+	return m.nativeFirewall.SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy)
 }
 
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
@@ -829,11 +674,9 @@ func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
 // resetState clears all firewall rules and closes connection trackers.
 // Must be called with m.mutex held.
 func (m *Manager) resetState() {
-	m.incomingDenyRules = m.incomingDenyRules[:0]
-	m.incomingAcceptRules = m.incomingAcceptRules[:0]
-	m.incomingDenyIndex.reset()
-	m.incomingAcceptIndex.reset()
-	clear(m.peerRulesMap)
+	clear(m.outgoingRules)
+	clear(m.incomingDenyRules)
+	clear(m.incomingRules)
 	clear(m.routeRulesMap)
 	m.routeRules = m.routeRules[:0]
 	m.udpHookOut.Store(nil)
@@ -865,15 +708,21 @@ func (m *Manager) resetState() {
 	}
 }
 
-// SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack is not supported by the userspace firewall: eBPF isn't
-// used in userspace mode, so this should never be called.
-func (m *Manager) SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack(uint16, uint16) error {
-	return errNotSupported
+// SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack creates notrack rules for eBPF proxy loopback traffic.
+func (m *Manager) SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack(proxyPort, wgPort uint16) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.SetupEBPFProxyNoTrack(proxyPort, wgPort)
 }
 
 // UpdateSet updates the rule destinations associated with the given set
 // by merging the existing prefixes with the new ones, then deduplicating.
 func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.UpdateSet(set, prefixes)
+	}
+
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
@@ -971,11 +820,11 @@ func (m *Manager) extractIPs(d *decoder) (srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr) {
 	case layers.LayerTypeIPv4:
 		src, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(d.ip4.SrcIP)
 		dst, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(d.ip4.DstIP)
-		return src.Unmap(), dst.Unmap()
+		return src, dst
 	case layers.LayerTypeIPv6:
 		src, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(d.ip6.SrcIP)
 		dst, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(d.ip6.DstIP)
-		return src.Unmap(), dst.Unmap()
+		return src, dst
 	default:
 		return netip.Addr{}, netip.Addr{}
 	}
@@ -1555,12 +1404,20 @@ func (m *Manager) peerACLsBlock(srcIP netip.Addr, d *decoder, packetData []byte)
 		return nil, false
 	}
 
-	if mgmtId, filter, ok := m.incomingDenyIndex.match(srcIP, d); ok {
+	if mgmtId, filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingDenyRules[srcIP], d); ok {
 		return mgmtId, filter
 	}
-	if mgmtId, filter, ok := m.incomingAcceptIndex.match(srcIP, d); ok {
+
+	if mgmtId, filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingRules[srcIP], d); ok {
 		return mgmtId, filter
 	}
+	if mgmtId, filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingRules[netip.IPv4Unspecified()], d); ok {
+		return mgmtId, filter
+	}
+	if mgmtId, filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingRules[netip.IPv6Unspecified()], d); ok {
+		return mgmtId, filter
+	}
+
 	return nil, true
 }
 
@@ -1581,6 +1438,39 @@ func portsMatch(rulePort *firewall.Port, packetPort uint16) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+func validateRule(ip netip.Addr, packetData []byte, rules map[string]PeerRule, d *decoder) ([]byte, bool, bool) {
+	payloadLayer := d.decoded[1]
+
+	for _, rule := range rules {
+		if rule.matchByIP && ip.Compare(rule.ip) != 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if rule.protoLayer == layerTypeAll {
+			return rule.mgmtId, rule.drop, true
+		}
+
+		if !protoLayerMatches(rule.protoLayer, payloadLayer) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		switch payloadLayer {
+		case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+			if portsMatch(rule.sPort, uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort)) && portsMatch(rule.dPort, uint16(d.tcp.DstPort)) {
+				return rule.mgmtId, rule.drop, true
+			}
+		case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+			if portsMatch(rule.sPort, uint16(d.udp.SrcPort)) && portsMatch(rule.dPort, uint16(d.udp.DstPort)) {
+				return rule.mgmtId, rule.drop, true
+			}
+		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4, layers.LayerTypeICMPv6:
+			return rule.mgmtId, rule.drop, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, false, false
+}
+
 // routeACLsPass returns true if the packet is allowed by the route ACLs
 func (m *Manager) routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, protoLayer gopacket.LayerType, srcPort, dstPort uint16) ([]byte, bool) {
 	m.mutex.RLock()
@@ -1657,13 +1547,10 @@ func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
 	}
 
 	rules, err := m.blockInvalidRouted(m.wgIface)
+	// Persist whatever was installed even on partial failure, so DisableRouting
+	// can clean it up later.
 	m.blockRules = rules
 	if err != nil {
-		// Roll back so forwarding can't stay active without the full set of
-		// block rules.
-		if derr := m.disableRouting(); derr != nil {
-			log.Warnf("roll back routing after block rule failure: %v", derr)
-		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("block invalid routed: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -1674,10 +1561,6 @@ func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.disableRouting()
-}
-
-func (m *Manager) disableRouting() error {
 	fwder := m.forwarder.Load()
 	if fwder == nil {
 		return nil

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_bench_test.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 			stateful: false,
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
 				// Single rule allowing all traffic
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			},
 			desc: "Baseline: Single 'allow all' rule without connection tracking",
@@ -114,13 +114,15 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 				// Add explicit rules matching return traffic pattern
 				for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { // Simulate realistic ruleset size
 					ip := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
-					_, err := m.AddFilterRule(
+					_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(
 						nil,
-						pfx(ip), fw.Network{},
+						ip,
 						fw.ProtocolTCP,
 						&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1024 + i)}},
 						&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
-						fw.ActionAccept)
+						fw.ActionAccept,
+						"",
+					)
 					require.NoError(b, err)
 				}
 			},
@@ -131,13 +133,15 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 			stateful: true,
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
 				// Add some basic rules but rely on state for established connections
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(
 					nil,
-					pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{},
+					net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
 					fw.ProtocolTCP,
 					nil,
 					nil,
-					fw.ActionDrop)
+					fw.ActionDrop,
+					"",
+				)
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			},
 			desc: "Connection tracking with established connections",
@@ -164,12 +168,9 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 				}
 
 				// Create manager and basic setup
-				manager, err := Create(Config{
-					IFace: &IFaceMock{
-						SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-					},
-					FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-				require.NoError(b, err)
+				manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+				}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 				defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 					require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 				})
@@ -207,12 +208,9 @@ func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, count := range connCounts {
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("conns_%d", count), func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
@@ -253,12 +251,9 @@ func BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
@@ -414,12 +409,9 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
@@ -544,12 +536,9 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			}
 
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
@@ -557,7 +546,7 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
 				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
-				_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			}
 
@@ -630,12 +619,9 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			}
 
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
@@ -643,7 +629,7 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
 				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
-				_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			}
 
@@ -744,19 +730,16 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			}
 
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
-				_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			}
 
@@ -827,18 +810,15 @@ func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			}
 
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
 			if sc.rules {
-				_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
 			}
 
@@ -951,7 +931,7 @@ func BenchmarkRouteACLs(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, r := range rules {
 		dst := fw.Network{Prefix: r.dest}
-		_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, r.sources, dst, r.proto, nil, r.port, fw.ActionAccept)
+		_, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(nil, r.sources, dst, r.proto, nil, r.port, fw.ActionAccept)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}
@@ -1034,11 +1014,9 @@ func BenchmarkMSSClamping(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -1101,11 +1079,9 @@ func BenchmarkMSSClampingOverhead(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -1158,11 +1134,9 @@ func BenchmarkMSSClampingMemory(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_filter_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, manager)
 
@@ -496,32 +496,40 @@ func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.ruleAction == fw.ActionDrop {
 				// add general accept rule for the same IP to test drop rule precedence
-				rules, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+				rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(
 					nil,
-					pfx(net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP)), fw.Network{},
+					net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP),
 					fw.ProtocolALL,
 					nil,
 					nil,
-					fw.ActionAccept)
+					fw.ActionAccept,
+					"",
+				)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.NotNil(t, rules)
+				require.NotEmpty(t, rules)
 				t.Cleanup(func() {
-					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rules))
+					for _, rule := range rules {
+						require.NoError(t, manager.DeletePeerRule(rule))
+					}
 				})
 			}
 
-			rules, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+			rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(
 				nil,
-				pfx(net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP)), fw.Network{},
+				net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP),
 				tc.ruleProto,
 				tc.ruleSrcPort,
 				tc.ruleDstPort,
-				tc.ruleAction)
+				tc.ruleAction,
+				"",
+			)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.NotNil(t, rules)
+			require.NotEmpty(t, rules)
 
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
-				require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rules))
+				for _, rule := range rules {
+					require.NoError(t, manager.DeletePeerRule(rule))
+				}
 			})
 
 			packet := createTestPacket(t, tc.srcIP, tc.dstIP, tc.proto, tc.srcPort, tc.dstPort)
@@ -549,7 +557,7 @@ func TestPeerACLFilteringIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil)) })
 
@@ -664,18 +672,22 @@ func TestPeerACLFilteringIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.ruleAction == fw.ActionDrop {
-				rules, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP)), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, fw.ActionAccept)
+				rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP), fw.ProtocolALL, nil, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				t.Cleanup(func() {
-					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rules))
+					for _, rule := range rules {
+						require.NoError(t, manager.DeletePeerRule(rule))
+					}
 				})
 			}
 
-			rules, err := manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP)), fw.Network{}, tc.ruleProto, nil, tc.ruleDstPort, tc.ruleAction)
+			rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP), tc.ruleProto, nil, tc.ruleDstPort, tc.ruleAction, "")
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.NotNil(t, rules)
+			require.NotEmpty(t, rules)
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
-				require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rules))
+				for _, rule := range rules {
+					require.NoError(t, manager.DeletePeerRule(rule))
+				}
 			})
 
 			packet := createTestPacket(t, tc.srcIP, tc.dstIP, tc.proto, tc.srcPort, tc.dstPort)
@@ -788,7 +800,7 @@ func setupRoutedManager(tb testing.TB, network string) *Manager {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(tb, err)
 	require.NoError(tb, manager.EnableRouting())
 	require.NotNil(tb, manager)
@@ -1393,7 +1405,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			if tc.rule.action == fw.ActionDrop {
 				// add general accept rule to test drop rule
-				rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+				rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 					nil,
 					[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 					fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
@@ -1403,13 +1415,13 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 					fw.ActionAccept,
 				)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.NotEmpty(t, rule)
+				require.NotNil(t, rule)
 				t.Cleanup(func() {
-					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule))
+					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule))
 				})
 			}
 
-			rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+			rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 				nil,
 				tc.rule.sources,
 				tc.rule.dest,
@@ -1419,10 +1431,10 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 				tc.rule.action,
 			)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.NotEmpty(t, rule)
+			require.NotNil(t, rule)
 
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
-				require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule))
+				require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule))
 			})
 
 			srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr(tc.srcIP)
@@ -1590,9 +1602,9 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			var addedRules []fw.Rule
+			var rules []fw.Rule
 			for _, r := range tc.rules {
-				rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+				rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 					nil,
 					r.sources,
 					r.dest,
@@ -1603,12 +1615,12 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 				)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				require.NotNil(t, rule)
-				addedRules = append(addedRules, rule)
+				rules = append(rules, rule)
 			}
 
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
-				for _, rule := range addedRules {
-					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule))
+				for _, rule := range rules {
+					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule))
 				}
 			})
 
@@ -1634,7 +1646,7 @@ func TestRouteACLSet(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -1643,7 +1655,7 @@ func TestRouteACLSet(t *testing.T) {
 	set := fw.NewDomainSet(domain.List{"example.org"})
 
 	// Add rule that uses the set (initially empty)
-	rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 		fw.Network{Set: set},
@@ -1677,7 +1689,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFilteringIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	manager := setupRoutedManager(t, "10.10.0.100/16")
 
 	v6Dst := netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00:dead:beef::/48")
-	_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00::/16")},
 		fw.Network{Prefix: v6Dst},
@@ -1688,7 +1700,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFilteringIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00::/16")},
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00:dead:beef:1::/64")},

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_routeacl_test.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func TestAddRouteFilteringReturnsExistingRule(t *testing.T) {
 	destination := fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")}
 
 	// Add rule first time
-	rule1, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule1, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func TestAddRouteFilteringReturnsExistingRule(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NotNil(t, rule1)
 
 	// Add the same rule again
-	rule2, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule2, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func TestAddRouteFilteringDifferentRulesGetDifferentIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	sources := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.64.1.0/24")}
 
 	// Add first rule
-	rule1, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule1, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func TestAddRouteFilteringDifferentRulesGetDifferentIDs(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Add different rule (different destination)
-	rule2, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule2, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-2"),
 		sources,
 		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/24")}, // Different!
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func TestRouteRuleUpdateDoesNotCauseGap(t *testing.T) {
 	sources := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.64.1.0/24")}
 	destination := fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")}
 
-	rule1, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule1, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ func TestRouteRuleUpdateDoesNotCauseGap(t *testing.T) {
 	require.True(t, pass, "Traffic should pass with rule in place")
 
 	// Re-add same rule (simulates network map update)
-	rule2, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule2, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func TestRouteRuleUpdateDoesNotCauseGap(t *testing.T) {
 	// won't delete rule1 during cleanup. If IDs differed, deleting rule1
 	// would remove the only matching rule and cause a traffic gap.
 	if rule1.ID() != rule2.ID() {
-		err = manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule1)
+		err = manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule1)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 
@@ -156,59 +156,6 @@ func TestRouteRuleUpdateDoesNotCauseGap(t *testing.T) {
 		"Traffic should still pass after rule update - no gap should occur")
 }
 
-// TestBlockInvalidRoutedDualStack verifies that when the interface has an
-// IPv6 overlay address, blockInvalidRouted installs a block rule for both
-// the v4 and v6 WG prefixes and that routed traffic to the v6 prefix is
-// denied. The v4-only soft-skip path is covered by
-// TestBlockInvalidRoutedIdempotent, whose mock leaves IPv6Net invalid.
-func TestBlockInvalidRoutedDualStack(t *testing.T) {
-	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
-	dev := mocks.NewMockDevice(ctrl)
-	dev.EXPECT().MTU().Return(1500, nil).AnyTimes()
-
-	wgNet := netip.MustParsePrefix("100.64.0.1/16")
-	wgNet6 := netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00:1234::1/64")
-
-	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
-			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP:      wgNet.Addr(),
-				Network: wgNet,
-				IPv6:    wgNet6.Addr(),
-				IPv6Net: wgNet6,
-			}
-		},
-		GetDeviceFunc: func() *device.FilteredDevice {
-			return &device.FilteredDevice{Device: dev}
-		},
-		GetWGDeviceFunc: func() *wgdevice.Device {
-			return &wgdevice.Device{}
-		},
-	}
-
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
-	})
-
-	rules, err := manager.blockInvalidRouted(ifaceMock)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, rules, 2, "dual-stack interface must produce a v4 and a v6 block rule")
-
-	manager.mutex.RLock()
-	ruleCount := len(manager.routeRules)
-	manager.mutex.RUnlock()
-	assert.Equal(t, 2, ruleCount, "should have one block rule per family")
-
-	// v6 routed traffic to the WG prefix must be denied.
-	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("2001:db8::1")
-	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("fd00:1234::50")
-	_, pass := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, layers.LayerTypeTCP, 12345, 80)
-	assert.False(t, pass, "block rule should deny routed traffic to the v6 WG prefix")
-}
-
 // TestBlockInvalidRoutedIdempotent verifies that blockInvalidRouted creates
 // exactly one drop rule for the WireGuard network prefix, and calling it again
 // returns the same rule without duplicating.
@@ -235,7 +182,7 @@ func TestBlockInvalidRoutedIdempotent(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -298,7 +245,7 @@ func TestBlockRuleNotAccumulatedOnRepeatedEnableRouting(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -327,7 +274,7 @@ func TestRouteRuleCountStableAcrossUpdates(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Simulate 5 network map updates with the same route rule
 	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
-		rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+		rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 			[]byte("policy-1"),
 			sources,
 			destination,
@@ -357,7 +304,7 @@ func TestDeleteRouteRuleAfterIdempotentAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	destination := fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")}
 
 	// Add same rule twice
-	rule1, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule1, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -368,7 +315,7 @@ func TestDeleteRouteRuleAfterIdempotentAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	rule2, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule2, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		[]byte("policy-1"),
 		sources,
 		destination,
@@ -382,7 +329,7 @@ func TestDeleteRouteRuleAfterIdempotentAdd(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, rule1.ID(), rule2.ID(), "Should return same rule ID")
 
 	// Delete using first reference
-	err = manager.DeleteFilterRule(rule1)
+	err = manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule1)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Verify traffic no longer passes
@@ -417,7 +364,7 @@ func setupTestManager(t *testing.T) *Manager {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, manager.EnableRouting())
 

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_test.go

@@ -78,19 +78,18 @@ func TestManagerCreate(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil)) })
 
 	if m == nil {
 		t.Error("Manager is nil")
 	}
 }
 
-func TestManagerAddFilterRule(t *testing.T) {
+func TestManagerAddPeerFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 	isSetFilterCalled := false
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error {
@@ -99,19 +98,18 @@ func TestManagerAddFilterRule(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil)) })
 
 	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
 
-	rule, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+	rule, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -133,47 +131,74 @@ func TestManagerDeleteRule(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil)) })
 
 	ip := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
 
-	rule2, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip.AsSlice()), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+	rule2, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), proto, nil, port, action, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	peerRule, ok := rule2.(*PeerRule)
-	require.True(t, ok, "rule should be a PeerRule")
-
-	inMap := func() bool {
-		if peerRule.action == fw.ActionDrop {
-			return findRuleByID(m.incomingDenyRules, ip, rule2.ID())
+	// Check rules exist in appropriate maps
+	for _, r := range rule2 {
+		peerRule, ok := r.(*PeerRule)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("rule should be a PeerRule")
+			continue
+		}
+		// Check if rule exists in deny or allow maps based on action
+		var found bool
+		if peerRule.drop {
+			_, found = m.incomingDenyRules[ip][r.ID()]
+		} else {
+			_, found = m.incomingRules[ip][r.ID()]
+		}
+		if !found {
+			t.Errorf("rule2 is not in the expected rules map")
 		}
-		return findRuleByID(m.incomingAcceptRules, ip, rule2.ID())
 	}
 
-	require.True(t, inMap(), "rule2 should be in the expected rules list")
+	for _, r := range rule2 {
+		err = m.DeletePeerRule(r)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
 
-	require.NoError(t, m.DeleteFilterRule(rule2), "failed to delete rule")
-
-	require.False(t, inMap(), "rule2 should be removed from the rules list")
+	// Check rules are removed from appropriate maps
+	for _, r := range rule2 {
+		peerRule, ok := r.(*PeerRule)
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("rule should be a PeerRule")
+			continue
+		}
+		// Check if rule is removed from deny or allow maps based on action
+		var found bool
+		if peerRule.drop {
+			_, found = m.incomingDenyRules[ip][r.ID()]
+		} else {
+			_, found = m.incomingRules[ip][r.ID()]
+		}
+		if found {
+			t.Errorf("rule2 should be removed from the rules map")
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func TestSetUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil)) })
 
@@ -195,11 +220,9 @@ func TestSetUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestSetTCPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil)) })
 
@@ -227,7 +250,7 @@ func TestPeerRuleLifecycleDenyRules(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil))
@@ -237,34 +260,36 @@ func TestPeerRuleLifecycleDenyRules(t *testing.T) {
 	addr := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
 
 	// Add multiple deny rules for different ports
-	rule1, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+	rule1, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+		&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	rule2, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+	rule2, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+		&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	denyCount := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr)
+	denyCount := len(m.incomingDenyRules[addr])
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 	require.Equal(t, 2, denyCount, "Should have exactly 2 deny rules")
 
 	// Delete the first deny rule
-	err = m.DeleteFilterRule(rule1)
+	err = m.DeletePeerRule(rule1[0])
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	denyCount = countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr)
+	denyCount = len(m.incomingDenyRules[addr])
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 	require.Equal(t, 1, denyCount, "Should have 1 deny rule after deleting first")
 
 	// Delete the second deny rule
-	err = m.DeleteFilterRule(rule2)
+	err = m.DeletePeerRule(rule2[0])
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	exists := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr) > 0
+	_, exists := m.incomingDenyRules[addr]
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
-	require.False(t, exists, "Deny rules should be cleaned up when empty")
+	require.False(t, exists, "Deny rules IP entry should be cleaned up when empty")
 }
 
 // TestPeerRuleAddAndDeleteDontLeak verifies that repeatedly adding and deleting
@@ -274,7 +299,7 @@ func TestPeerRuleAddAndDeleteDontLeak(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil))
@@ -286,21 +311,27 @@ func TestPeerRuleAddAndDeleteDontLeak(t *testing.T) {
 	// Simulate 10 network map updates: add rule, delete old, add new
 	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
 		// Add a deny rule
-		rules, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+		rules, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+			&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		// Add an allow rule
-		allowRules, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+		allowRules, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+			&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		// Delete them (simulating ACL manager cleanup)
-		require.NoError(t, m.DeleteFilterRule(rules))
-		require.NoError(t, m.DeleteFilterRule(allowRules))
+		for _, r := range rules {
+			require.NoError(t, m.DeletePeerRule(r))
+		}
+		for _, r := range allowRules {
+			require.NoError(t, m.DeletePeerRule(r))
+		}
 	}
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	denyCount := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr)
-	allowCount := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingAcceptRules, addr)
+	denyCount := len(m.incomingDenyRules[addr])
+	allowCount := len(m.incomingRules[addr])
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	require.Equal(t, 0, denyCount, "No deny rules should remain after cleanup")
@@ -314,7 +345,7 @@ func TestMixedAllowDenyRulesSameIP(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil))
@@ -323,39 +354,41 @@ func TestMixedAllowDenyRulesSameIP(t *testing.T) {
 	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
 
 	// Add allow rule for port 80
-	allowRule, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+	allowRule, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+		&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Add deny rule for port 22
-	denyRule, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+	denyRule, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
+		&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{22}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	addr := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	allowCount := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingAcceptRules, addr)
-	denyCount := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr)
+	allowCount := len(m.incomingRules[addr])
+	denyCount := len(m.incomingDenyRules[addr])
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	require.Equal(t, 1, allowCount, "Should have 1 allow rule")
 	require.Equal(t, 1, denyCount, "Should have 1 deny rule")
 
 	// Delete allow rule should not affect deny rule
-	err = m.DeleteFilterRule(allowRule)
+	err = m.DeletePeerRule(allowRule[0])
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	denyCountAfter := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr)
+	denyCountAfter := len(m.incomingDenyRules[addr])
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	require.Equal(t, 1, denyCountAfter, "Deny rule should still exist after deleting allow rule")
 
 	// Delete deny rule
-	err = m.DeleteFilterRule(denyRule)
+	err = m.DeletePeerRule(denyRule[0])
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	m.mutex.RLock()
-	denyExists := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingDenyRules, addr) > 0
-	allowExists := countRulesForAddr(m.incomingAcceptRules, addr) > 0
+	_, denyExists := m.incomingDenyRules[addr]
+	_, allowExists := m.incomingRules[addr]
 	m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	require.False(t, denyExists, "Deny rules should be empty")
@@ -367,7 +400,7 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -378,7 +411,7 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
 
-	_, err = m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+	_, err = m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -390,7 +423,7 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if len(m.incomingAcceptRules) != 0 || len(m.incomingDenyRules) != 0 {
+	if len(m.outgoingRules) != 0 || len(m.incomingRules) != 0 || len(m.incomingDenyRules) != 0 {
 		t.Errorf("rules are not empty")
 	}
 }
@@ -406,7 +439,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -416,7 +449,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 	proto := fw.ProtocolUDP
 	action := fw.ActionAccept
 
-	_, err = m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, nil, action)
+	_, err = m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, nil, action, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -469,7 +502,7 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// creating manager instance
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: iface, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(iface, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create Manager: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -486,11 +519,9 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	manager.udpTracker.Close()
@@ -575,7 +606,7 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 			}
-			manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
@@ -590,7 +621,7 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1000 + i)}}
-				_, err = manager.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			}
@@ -600,11 +631,9 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	manager.udpTracker.Close() // Close the existing tracker
@@ -816,7 +845,7 @@ func TestUpdateSetMerge(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -829,7 +858,7 @@ func TestUpdateSetMerge(t *testing.T) {
 		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 	}
 
-	rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 		fw.Network{Set: set},
@@ -902,7 +931,7 @@ func TestUpdateSetDeduplication(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -910,7 +939,7 @@ func TestUpdateSetDeduplication(t *testing.T) {
 
 	set := fw.NewDomainSet(domain.List{"example.org"})
 
-	rule, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 		fw.Network{Set: set},
@@ -1022,7 +1051,7 @@ func TestMSSClamping(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: 1280})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, 1280)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -1214,7 +1243,7 @@ func TestShouldForward(t *testing.T) {
 		return wgaddr.Address{IP: wgIP, Network: netip.PrefixFrom(wgIP, 24)}
 	}
 
-	manager, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -1329,7 +1358,7 @@ func TestShouldForward(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Re-create manager to pick up the new address with IPv6
 	require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
-	manager, err = Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err = Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, nbiface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	v6Cases := []struct {

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/forwarder.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/buffer"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/header"
@@ -21,9 +20,9 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/tcp"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/udp"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
 	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
 	nftypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow/types"
 )
 
@@ -34,12 +33,6 @@ const (
 	iosMaxInFlight       = 256
 )
 
-// IFace provides the WireGuard device and overlay addresses the forwarder needs.
-type IFace interface {
-	GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device
-	Address() wgaddr.Address
-}
-
 type Forwarder struct {
 	logger     *nblog.Logger
 	flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger
@@ -58,7 +51,7 @@ type Forwarder struct {
 	pingSemaphore      chan struct{}
 }
 
-func New(iface IFace, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, netstack bool, mtu uint16) (*Forwarder, error) {
+func New(iface common.IFaceMapper, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger, netstack bool, mtu uint16) (*Forwarder, error) {
 	s := stack.New(stack.Options{
 		NetworkProtocols: []stack.NetworkProtocolFactory{
 			ipv4.NewProtocol,

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/icmp.go

@@ -362,10 +362,6 @@ func (f *Forwarder) injectICMPv6Reply(id stack.TransportEndpointID, icmpPayload
 		return 0
 	}
 
-	if pc := f.endpoint.capture.Load(); pc != nil {
-		(*pc).Offer(fullPacket, true)
-	}
-
 	return len(fullPacket)
 }
 

client/firewall/uspfilter/localip.go

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
 )
 
 // localIPSnapshot is an immutable snapshot of local IP addresses, swapped
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ func processInterface(iface net.Interface, ips map[netip.Addr]struct{}, addresse
 }
 
 // UpdateLocalIPs rebuilds the local IP snapshot and swaps it in atomically.
-func (m *localIPManager) UpdateLocalIPs(iface Iface) (err error) {
+func (m *localIPManager) UpdateLocalIPs(iface common.IFaceMapper) (err error) {
 	defer func() {
 		if r := recover(); r != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("panic: %v", r)

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat.go

@@ -487,13 +487,19 @@ func incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum uint16, oldBytes, newBytes []byte) uint16 {
 }
 
 // AddDNATRule adds outbound DNAT rule for forwarding external traffic to NetBird network.
-func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	return nil, errNotSupported
+func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil, errNatNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.AddDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
 // DeleteDNATRule deletes outbound DNAT rule.
-func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(firewall.Rule) error {
-	return errNotSupported
+func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return errNatNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
 // addPortRedirection adds a port redirection rule.
@@ -515,6 +521,7 @@ func (m *Manager) addPortRedirection(targetIP netip.Addr, protocol gopacket.Laye
 }
 
 // AddInboundDNAT adds an inbound DNAT rule redirecting traffic from NetBird peers to local services.
+// TODO: also delegate to nativeFirewall when available for kernel WG mode
 func (m *Manager) AddInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
 	var layerType gopacket.LayerType
 	switch protocol {
@@ -560,16 +567,20 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveInboundDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Prot
 	return m.removePortRedirection(localAddr, layerType, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
-// AddOutputDNAT is not supported by the userspace firewall: it backs kernel DNS
-// redirection, but userspace DNS is served in-process on the gVisor netstack, so
-// this should never be called.
-func (m *Manager) AddOutputDNAT(netip.Addr, firewall.Protocol, uint16, uint16) error {
-	return errNotSupported
+// AddOutputDNAT delegates to the native firewall if available.
+func (m *Manager) AddOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("output DNAT not supported without native firewall")
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.AddOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
-// RemoveOutputDNAT is a no-op for the userspace firewall (see AddOutputDNAT).
-func (m *Manager) RemoveOutputDNAT(netip.Addr, firewall.Protocol, uint16, uint16) error {
-	return nil
+// RemoveOutputDNAT delegates to the native firewall if available.
+func (m *Manager) RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr netip.Addr, protocol firewall.Protocol, originalPort, translatedPort uint16) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveOutputDNAT(localAddr, protocol, originalPort, translatedPort)
 }
 
 // translateInboundPortDNAT applies port-specific DNAT translation to inbound packets.

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat_bench_test.go

@@ -64,11 +64,9 @@ func BenchmarkDNATTranslation(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -126,11 +124,9 @@ func BenchmarkDNATTranslation(b *testing.B) {
 
 // BenchmarkDNATConcurrency tests DNAT performance under concurrent load
 func BenchmarkDNATConcurrency(b *testing.B) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(b, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -200,11 +196,9 @@ func BenchmarkDNATScaling(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, count := range mappingCounts {
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("mappings_%d", count), func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -314,11 +308,9 @@ func BenchmarkChecksumUpdate(b *testing.B) {
 
 // BenchmarkDNATMemoryAllocations checks for memory allocations in DNAT operations
 func BenchmarkDNATMemoryAllocations(b *testing.B) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(b, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -489,11 +481,9 @@ func BenchmarkPortDNAT(b *testing.B) {
 
 	for _, sc := range scenarios {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			manager, err := Create(Config{
-				IFace: &IFaceMock{
-					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				},
-				FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 			require.NoError(b, err)
 			defer func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat_stateful_test.go

@@ -13,11 +13,9 @@ import (
 
 // TestPortDNATBasic tests basic port DNAT functionality
 func TestPortDNATBasic(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -51,11 +49,9 @@ func TestPortDNATBasic(t *testing.T) {
 
 // TestPortDNATMultipleRules tests multiple port DNAT rules
 func TestPortDNATMultipleRules(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat_test.go

@@ -15,11 +15,9 @@ import (
 
 // TestDNATTranslationCorrectness verifies DNAT translation works correctly
 func TestDNATTranslationCorrectness(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -106,11 +104,9 @@ func parsePacket(t testing.TB, packetData []byte) *decoder {
 
 // TestDNATMappingManagement tests adding/removing DNAT mappings
 func TestDNATMappingManagement(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -156,11 +152,9 @@ func TestDNATMappingManagement(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestInboundPortDNAT(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
@@ -208,11 +202,9 @@ func TestInboundPortDNAT(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestInboundPortDNATNegative(t *testing.T) {
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))

client/firewall/uspfilter/peer_acl_bench_test.go

@@ -1,333 +0,0 @@
-//go:build uspbench
-
-package uspfilter
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"math/rand"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-	"runtime"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/google/gopacket"
-	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
-)
-
-// BenchmarkPeerACLMatch measures the per-packet cost of the peer ACL
-// matcher (peerACLsBlock) across realistic shapes: M distinct policy
-// rules, each with K source peers in its set.
-//
-// With the reverse-source index, miss cost is independent of M and
-// hit cost grows only with the number of rules touching a single
-// srcIP, not with total rule count.
-func BenchmarkPeerACLMatch(b *testing.B) {
-	shapes := []struct{ M, K int }{
-		{1, 100}, {10, 100}, {50, 100}, {100, 100}, {100, 1000},
-	}
-	families := []struct {
-		name string
-		v6   bool
-	}{{"v4", false}, {"v6", true}}
-
-	for _, fam := range families {
-		for _, s := range shapes {
-			b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s/M=%d/K=%d/hit", fam.name, s.M, s.K), func(b *testing.B) {
-				runPeerACLBench(b, s.M, s.K, true, fam.v6)
-			})
-			b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s/M=%d/K=%d/miss", fam.name, s.M, s.K), func(b *testing.B) {
-				runPeerACLBench(b, s.M, s.K, false, fam.v6)
-			})
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func runPeerACLBench(b *testing.B, m, k int, hit, v6 bool) {
-	log.SetOutput(io.Discard) // keep manager logs out of the benchmark output
-
-	// Miss packets are dropped, so they always traverse the full peer
-	// ACL matcher (every bucket) without short-circuiting and without
-	// touching conntrack. Disable conntrack for the miss case so it
-	// measures the matcher, not established-state lookups. The hit case
-	// keeps conntrack on: an accepted packet reaches trackInbound, which
-	// needs the trackers conntrack creates.
-	if !hit {
-		b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
-	}
-
-	bits := 32
-	genPkt := generatePacket
-	addrs := uniqueAddrs
-	if v6 {
-		bits = 128
-		genPkt = generatePacket6
-		addrs = uniqueAddrs6
-	}
-
-	// dstIP must be a local IP so filterInbound takes the local-traffic
-	// path (handleLocalTraffic → peerACLsBlock) we are measuring; an
-	// address the manager doesn't own would be treated as routed and
-	// short-circuit before the peer matcher.
-	dstIP := addrs(1, 2)[0]
-	mockAddr := wgaddr.Address{IP: dstIP, Network: netip.PrefixFrom(dstIP, bits)}
-	if v6 {
-		// The local-IP manager needs a valid v4 address too; expose the v6
-		// dst as the interface's IPv6 so IsLocalIP recognizes it.
-		mockAddr = wgaddr.Address{
-			IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1"),
-			Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.64.0.0/16"),
-			IPv6:    dstIP,
-			IPv6Net: netip.PrefixFrom(dstIP, bits),
-		}
-	}
-	manager, err := Create(Config{
-		IFace: &IFaceMock{
-			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			AddressFunc:   func() wgaddr.Address { return mockAddr },
-		},
-		FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-	require.NoError(b, err)
-	b.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil)) })
-
-	// Generate M policies × K source peers, all distinct.
-	all := addrs(m*k, 1)
-	for i := 0; i < m; i++ {
-		sources := make([]netip.Prefix, k)
-		for j, a := range all[i*k : (i+1)*k] {
-			sources[j] = netip.PrefixFrom(a, bits)
-		}
-		_, err := manager.AddFilterRule(
-			nil, sources, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
-			&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(80 + i)}},
-			fw.ActionAccept)
-		require.NoError(b, err)
-	}
-
-	// Hit: cycle through real sources, picking the matching policy's port.
-	// Miss: a source from a disjoint range, port 80 (matches no policy).
-	var pktFn func(i int) []byte
-	if hit {
-		pktFn = func(i int) []byte {
-			policy := i % m
-			src := all[policy*k+(i%k)]
-			return genPkt(b, src.AsSlice(), dstIP.AsSlice(),
-				uint16(1024+i%60000), uint16(80+policy), layers.IPProtocolTCP)
-		}
-	} else {
-		miss := addrs(4096, 99)
-		pktFn = func(i int) []byte {
-			return genPkt(b, miss[i%len(miss)].AsSlice(), dstIP.AsSlice(),
-				uint16(1024+i%60000), 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Pre-build a pool to avoid allocations dominating the measurement.
-	pool := make([][]byte, 1024)
-	for i := range pool {
-		pool[i] = pktFn(i)
-	}
-
-	// Confirm the matcher is actually exercised: a hit packet must be
-	// allowed and a miss packet dropped. Without this the benchmark
-	// could silently time the routed early-return instead.
-	require.Equal(b, !hit, manager.filterInbound(pool[0], 0),
-		"benchmark must reach the peer ACL matcher")
-
-	b.ResetTimer()
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		manager.filterInbound(pool[i%len(pool)], 0)
-	}
-}
-
-// BenchmarkPeerACLIndexMemory reports the resident memory cost of
-// the source-keyed index across realistic deployment shapes. Two
-// dimensions matter: (M, K), the number of policies × peers-per-policy,
-// and overlap, the fraction of peers shared between policies.
-//
-// The output uses ReportMetric("bytes/rule") so the cost can be
-// compared across shapes directly. Total bytes = bytes/rule * M.
-func BenchmarkPeerACLIndexMemory(b *testing.B) {
-	cases := []struct {
-		name        string
-		M, K        int
-		overlapFrac float64 // 0 = disjoint per-policy sources, 1 = all share the same pool
-	}{
-		{"M=10/K=100/disjoint", 10, 100, 0},
-		{"M=100/K=100/disjoint", 100, 100, 0},
-		{"M=100/K=1000/disjoint", 100, 1000, 0},
-		{"M=100/K=1000/overlap=0.5", 100, 1000, 0.5},
-		{"M=100/K=1000/overlap=1.0", 100, 1000, 1.0},
-		{"M=1000/K=100/overlap=1.0", 1000, 100, 1.0},
-	}
-
-	for _, c := range cases {
-		b.Run(c.name, func(b *testing.B) {
-			b.ReportAllocs()
-			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				mgr, err := Create(Config{
-					IFace: &IFaceMock{
-						SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-					},
-					FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
-				require.NoError(b, err)
-
-				populateIndexedRules(b, mgr, c.M, c.K, c.overlapFrac)
-
-				runtime.GC()
-				var ms runtime.MemStats
-				runtime.ReadMemStats(&ms)
-				before := ms.HeapAlloc
-
-				// Drop the manager's external roots so we can isolate
-				// the index cost. We hold the manager itself live; the
-				// index is what we measure on the second pass.
-				mgr.incomingAcceptIndex.reset()
-				mgr.incomingDenyIndex.reset()
-				mgr.incomingAcceptRules = mgr.incomingAcceptRules[:0]
-				mgr.incomingDenyRules = mgr.incomingDenyRules[:0]
-				runtime.GC()
-				runtime.ReadMemStats(&ms)
-				after := ms.HeapAlloc
-
-				delta := int64(before) - int64(after)
-				if delta < 0 {
-					delta = 0
-				}
-				b.ReportMetric(float64(delta)/float64(c.M), "bytes/rule")
-				b.ReportMetric(float64(delta), "bytes/total")
-
-				require.NoError(b, mgr.Close(nil))
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func populateIndexedRules(b *testing.B, mgr *Manager, m, k int, overlapFrac float64) {
-	b.Helper()
-	pool := uniqueAddrs(k+m*k, 1) // big enough universe
-	sharedLen := int(float64(k) * overlapFrac)
-	if sharedLen > k {
-		sharedLen = k
-	}
-	shared := pool[:sharedLen]
-	uniquePool := pool[sharedLen:]
-
-	for i := 0; i < m; i++ {
-		sources := make([]netip.Prefix, 0, k)
-		for _, a := range shared {
-			sources = append(sources, netip.PrefixFrom(a, 32))
-		}
-		// each policy gets (k-sharedLen) addresses unique to it from the unique pool
-		unique := uniquePool[i*(k-sharedLen) : (i+1)*(k-sharedLen)]
-		for _, a := range unique {
-			sources = append(sources, netip.PrefixFrom(a, 32))
-		}
-		_, err := mgr.AddFilterRule(
-			nil, sources, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil,
-			&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(80 + i)}},
-			fw.ActionAccept)
-		require.NoError(b, err)
-	}
-}
-
-// uniqueAddrs returns n distinct addrs. Seeds 1, 2 are used for
-// policy sources / dst; seed 99 puts misses in 10/8.
-func uniqueAddrs(n int, seed int64) []netip.Addr {
-	out := make([]netip.Addr, 0, n)
-	seen := make(map[netip.Addr]struct{}, n)
-	r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed))
-	miss := seed == 99
-	for len(out) < n {
-		var b [4]byte
-		if miss {
-			b[0] = 10
-			b[1] = byte(r.Intn(256))
-		} else {
-			b[0] = 100
-			b[1] = byte(64 + r.Intn(63))
-		}
-		b[2] = byte(r.Intn(256))
-		b[3] = byte(1 + r.Intn(254))
-		a := netip.AddrFrom4(b)
-		if _, ok := seen[a]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[a] = struct{}{}
-		out = append(out, a)
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// uniqueAddrs6 mirrors uniqueAddrs for IPv6: sources come from the ULA
-// range fd00::/8, the miss set (seed 99) from 2001:db8::/32 so it is
-// disjoint from any source.
-func uniqueAddrs6(n int, seed int64) []netip.Addr {
-	out := make([]netip.Addr, 0, n)
-	seen := make(map[netip.Addr]struct{}, n)
-	r := rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed))
-	miss := seed == 99
-	for len(out) < n {
-		var b [16]byte
-		if miss {
-			b[0], b[1], b[2], b[3] = 0x20, 0x01, 0x0d, 0xb8
-		} else {
-			b[0] = 0xfd
-		}
-		for x := 8; x < 16; x++ {
-			b[x] = byte(r.Intn(256))
-		}
-		a := netip.AddrFrom16(b)
-		if _, ok := seen[a]; ok {
-			continue
-		}
-		seen[a] = struct{}{}
-		out = append(out, a)
-	}
-	return out
-}
-
-// generatePacket6 builds an IPv6 TCP/UDP packet, mirroring
-// generatePacket for the v4 case.
-func generatePacket6(b *testing.B, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort, dstPort uint16, protocol layers.IPProtocol) []byte {
-	b.Helper()
-
-	ipv6 := &layers.IPv6{
-		Version:    6,
-		HopLimit:   64,
-		NextHeader: protocol,
-		SrcIP:      srcIP,
-		DstIP:      dstIP,
-	}
-
-	var transportLayer gopacket.SerializableLayer
-	switch protocol {
-	case layers.IPProtocolTCP:
-		tcp := &layers.TCP{
-			SrcPort: layers.TCPPort(srcPort),
-			DstPort: layers.TCPPort(dstPort),
-			SYN:     true,
-		}
-		require.NoError(b, tcp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv6))
-		transportLayer = tcp
-	case layers.IPProtocolUDP:
-		udp := &layers.UDP{
-			SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(srcPort),
-			DstPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort),
-		}
-		require.NoError(b, udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv6))
-		transportLayer = udp
-	}
-
-	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
-	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{ComputeChecksums: true, FixLengths: true}
-	require.NoError(b, gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv6, transportLayer, gopacket.Payload("test")))
-	return buf.Bytes()
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/peer_acl_dedup_test.go

@@ -1,150 +0,0 @@
-package uspfilter
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbiface "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-)
-
-func newTestManager(t *testing.T) *Manager {
-	t.Helper()
-	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-	}
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create manager")
-	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil)) })
-	return m
-}
-
-// TestAddPeerFiltering_DeduplicatesIdenticalRules verifies that adding
-// the same peer rule twice does not create two backing rules. The acl
-// manager keys its own cache, but the firewall backend must be
-// idempotent on its own so a double-apply cannot leak rules, matching
-// the route path and the kernel backends.
-func TestAddPeerFiltering_DeduplicatesIdenticalRules(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
-	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
-	action := fw.ActionDrop
-
-	first, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "first add")
-
-	second, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "second add")
-
-	assert.Equal(t, first.ID(), second.ID(), "duplicate add should return the same rule id")
-	assert.Len(t, m.incomingDenyRules, 1, "duplicate add must not create a second backing rule")
-}
-
-// TestDeletePeerFiltering_NoRefcountSingleDeleteRemoves locks the
-// backend's no-refcount contract: a content key installed twice is
-// still one rule, and the first DeleteFilterRule removes it. The
-// backend does not refcount, so balance is the caller's job (it keys
-// its tracking by the returned id and deletes once per key). If this
-// ever silently grew a refcount, the acl manager's delete accounting
-// would diverge from the kernel.
-func TestDeletePeerFiltering_NoRefcountSingleDeleteRemoves(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
-	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
-	action := fw.ActionDrop
-
-	first, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "first add")
-
-	second, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "second add")
-	require.Equal(t, first.ID(), second.ID(), "dedup to one rule")
-	require.Len(t, m.incomingDenyRules, 1, "still one backing rule after duplicate add")
-
-	require.NoError(t, m.DeleteFilterRule(first), "delete once")
-	assert.Empty(t, m.incomingDenyRules, "single delete removes the backing rule (no refcount)")
-	assert.NotContains(t, m.peerRulesMap, first.ID(), "dedup map entry cleared")
-}
-
-// TestAddPeerFiltering_DeterministicID verifies the peer rule id is a
-// content hash, not a random UUID: identical inputs produce the same id
-// across independent managers. A random id breaks caller-side dedup.
-func TestAddPeerFiltering_DeterministicID(t *testing.T) {
-	ip := net.ParseIP("10.0.0.5")
-	proto := fw.ProtocolUDP
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}
-	action := fw.ActionAccept
-
-	m1 := newTestManager(t)
-	r1, err := m1.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	m2 := newTestManager(t)
-	r2, err := m2.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, r1.ID(), r2.ID(), "same inputs must produce the same rule id")
-}
-
-// TestAddPeerFiltering_DistinctRulesNotDeduped verifies that rules
-// differing only by port are kept separate.
-func TestAddPeerFiltering_DistinctRulesNotDeduped(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
-	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
-	action := fw.ActionAccept
-
-	r80, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	r443, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}}, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	assert.NotEqual(t, r80.ID(), r443.ID(), "different ports must produce different rule ids")
-	assert.Len(t, m.incomingAcceptRules, 2, "distinct rules must both be stored")
-}
-
-// TestAddPeerFiltering_SourceVsDestPortNotDeduped verifies that a rule
-// matching on source port and one matching on destination port for the
-// same selector do not collide: the port lands in a different slot, so
-// the content key must differ.
-func TestAddPeerFiltering_SourceVsDestPortNotDeduped(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
-	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
-	action := fw.ActionAccept
-
-	dPortRule, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	sPortRule, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, port, nil, action)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	assert.NotEqual(t, dPortRule.ID(), sPortRule.ID(), "source-port and dest-port matches must produce different rule ids")
-}
-
-// TestAddFilterRule_EmptySourcesRejected verifies that an empty source
-// list is rejected rather than treated as "match any". "Match any" must
-// be an explicit /0, so a zeroed list can never silently widen a rule to
-// every source.
-func TestAddFilterRule_EmptySourcesRejected(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
-
-	_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, nil, fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.ErrorIs(t, err, fw.ErrNoSources, "empty sources must be rejected")
-	assert.Empty(t, m.incomingAcceptRules, "no rule should be stored for empty sources")
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/peer_acl_ipv6_test.go

@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-package uspfilter
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/google/gopacket"
-	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	nbiface "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
-)
-
-func newV6TestManager(t *testing.T, localV6 string) *Manager {
-	t.Helper()
-	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
-			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100"),
-				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
-				IPv6:    netip.MustParseAddr(localV6),
-				IPv6Net: netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00::/64"),
-			}
-		},
-	}
-	m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: nbiface.DefaultMTU})
-	require.NoError(t, err, "create manager")
-	t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, m.Close(nil)) })
-	return m
-}
-
-func v6UDPPacket(t *testing.T, src, dst string, dstPort uint16) []byte {
-	t.Helper()
-	ip6 := &layers.IPv6{
-		Version:    6,
-		HopLimit:   64,
-		NextHeader: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
-		SrcIP:      net.ParseIP(src),
-		DstIP:      net.ParseIP(dst),
-	}
-	udp := &layers.UDP{SrcPort: 51334, DstPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort)}
-	require.NoError(t, udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ip6))
-
-	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
-	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{ComputeChecksums: true, FixLengths: true}
-	require.NoError(t, gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ip6, udp, gopacket.Payload("test")))
-	return buf.Bytes()
-}
-
-// TestPeerACL_IPv6HostRule verifies the source index resolves /128 v6
-// rules: a matching v6 source is accepted, a non-matching one is
-// denied by the default. This is the end-to-end proof that the index
-// is not v4-only.
-func TestPeerACL_IPv6HostRule(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newV6TestManager(t, "fd00::100")
-
-	src := net.ParseIP("fd00::1")
-	_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(src), fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolUDP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "add v6 accept rule")
-
-	require.False(t, m.filterInbound(v6UDPPacket(t, "fd00::1", "fd00::100", 53), 0),
-		"v6 packet from the allowed /128 source must be accepted")
-	require.True(t, m.filterInbound(v6UDPPacket(t, "fd00::2", "fd00::100", 53), 0),
-		"v6 packet from an unlisted source must be denied by default")
-}
-
-// TestPeerACL_IPv6IndexBuckets verifies that v6 sources land in the
-// right index bucket: a /128 in bySource keyed by its address, and
-// coarser prefixes (including ::/0) in the nonHost slice.
-func TestPeerACL_IPv6IndexBuckets(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newV6TestManager(t, "fd00::100")
-	port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}
-
-	host := netip.MustParseAddr("fd00::1")
-	_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(host, 128)}, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolUDP, nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Contains(t, m.incomingAcceptIndex.bySource, host, "/128 v6 source must be indexed by address")
-
-	_, err = m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("fd00:dead::/64")}, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolUDP, nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, m.incomingAcceptIndex.nonHost, 1, "coarser v6 prefix must land in nonHost")
-
-	_, err = m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("::/0")}, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolUDP, nil, port, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, m.incomingAcceptIndex.nonHost, 2, "::/0 source must also land in nonHost")
-}
-
-// TestPeerACL_IPv4MappedSourceNormalized verifies a v4-mapped v6
-// source prefix is normalized to v4 so a plain v4 packet matches it.
-func TestPeerACL_IPv4MappedSourceNormalized(t *testing.T) {
-	m := newTestManager(t)
-
-	mapped := netip.MustParseAddr("::ffff:192.168.1.1")
-	_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(mapped, mapped.BitLen())}, fw.Network{}, fw.ProtocolUDP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionAccept)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	v4 := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
-	assert.Contains(t, m.incomingAcceptIndex.bySource, v4, "v4-mapped v6 source must be indexed as plain v4")
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/peer_index.go

@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-package uspfilter
-
-import (
-	"net/netip"
-	"slices"
-
-	"github.com/google/gopacket"
-	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
-
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-// peerRuleIndex is the source-side dispatcher consulted on the packet
-// hot path. It splits rules into two buckets by the shape of their
-// source list:
-//
-//   - bySource: every source is a host prefix (/32 for v4, /128 for
-//     v6). Keyed by the concrete source address, so a hit guarantees
-//     the source filter passes and the matcher goes straight to
-//     proto/port checks. This is the common case for peer ACLs.
-//   - nonHost: any source list with a prefix coarser than a host,
-//     including a /0 "match any". Walked linearly with a per-rule
-//     Contains() check. Expected small or empty for typical peer ACLs.
-//
-// Maintained incrementally by add/remove, never rebuilt.
-type peerRuleIndex struct {
-	bySource map[netip.Addr][]*PeerRule
-	nonHost  []*PeerRule
-}
-
-func (i *peerRuleIndex) add(r *PeerRule) {
-	if hasNonHostSource(r) {
-		i.nonHost = append(i.nonHost, r)
-		return
-	}
-	if i.bySource == nil {
-		i.bySource = make(map[netip.Addr][]*PeerRule)
-	}
-	for a := range r.sourceAddrs {
-		i.bySource[a] = append(i.bySource[a], r)
-	}
-}
-
-func (i *peerRuleIndex) remove(r *PeerRule) {
-	if hasNonHostSource(r) {
-		i.nonHost = slices.DeleteFunc(i.nonHost, eqRule(r))
-		return
-	}
-	if i.bySource == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	for a := range r.sourceAddrs {
-		entries := slices.DeleteFunc(i.bySource[a], eqRule(r))
-		if len(entries) == 0 {
-			delete(i.bySource, a)
-		} else {
-			i.bySource[a] = entries
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (i *peerRuleIndex) reset() {
-	i.bySource = nil
-	i.nonHost = i.nonHost[:0]
-}
-
-// match returns the first rule matching src and the decoded packet.
-// Host rules are found by direct map lookup; nonHost rules need a
-// per-rule source Contains() check, except match-any (/0) rules which
-// apply to every source regardless of family (a v4 /0 also matches v6).
-// Within either bucket the matcher runs the proto/port filter.
-func (i *peerRuleIndex) match(src netip.Addr, d *decoder) ([]byte, bool, bool) {
-	payloadLayer := d.decoded[1]
-
-	for _, rule := range i.bySource[src] {
-		if id, drop, ok := matchProto(rule, d, payloadLayer); ok {
-			return id, drop, true
-		}
-	}
-	for _, rule := range i.nonHost {
-		if !rule.matchAny && !prefixesContain(rule.sources, src) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if id, drop, ok := matchProto(rule, d, payloadLayer); ok {
-			return id, drop, true
-		}
-	}
-	return nil, false, false
-}
-
-func eqRule(target *PeerRule) func(*PeerRule) bool {
-	return func(p *PeerRule) bool { return p == target }
-}
-
-// hasNonHostSource reports whether the rule has any source prefix
-// that is not a single host address. Called only at add/remove time,
-// not on the packet path.
-func hasNonHostSource(r *PeerRule) bool {
-	for _, p := range r.sources {
-		if p.Bits() != p.Addr().BitLen() {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// matchProto applies the proto/port half of a rule against the
-// decoded packet. Source matching is the caller's responsibility.
-func matchProto(rule *PeerRule, d *decoder, payloadLayer gopacket.LayerType) ([]byte, bool, bool) {
-	drop := rule.action == firewall.ActionDrop
-	if rule.protoLayer == layerTypeAll {
-		return rule.mgmtId, drop, true
-	}
-	if !protoLayerMatches(rule.protoLayer, payloadLayer) {
-		return nil, false, false
-	}
-	switch payloadLayer {
-	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
-		if portsMatch(rule.srcPort, uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort)) && portsMatch(rule.dstPort, uint16(d.tcp.DstPort)) {
-			return rule.mgmtId, drop, true
-		}
-	case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
-		if portsMatch(rule.srcPort, uint16(d.udp.SrcPort)) && portsMatch(rule.dstPort, uint16(d.udp.DstPort)) {
-			return rule.mgmtId, drop, true
-		}
-	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4, layers.LayerTypeICMPv6:
-		return rule.mgmtId, drop, true
-	}
-	return nil, false, false
-}
-
-func prefixesContain(sources []netip.Prefix, src netip.Addr) bool {
-	for _, p := range sources {
-		if p.Contains(src) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/rule.go

@@ -10,49 +10,24 @@ import (
 
 // PeerRule to handle management of rules
 type PeerRule struct {
-	id     firewall.RuleID
-	mgmtId []byte
-	// sources is the canonical list of source prefixes this rule
-	// matches against.
-	sources []netip.Prefix
-	// sourceAddrs is a fast-path membership set for host-prefix
-	// sources (/32 v4, /128 v6). Populated alongside sources;
-	// consulted before falling back to prefix scan.
-	sourceAddrs map[netip.Addr]struct{}
-	// matchAny is true when sources covers everything (0.0.0.0/0,
-	// ::/0). In that case neither sourceAddrs nor sources need to be
-	// consulted.
-	matchAny   bool
+	id         string
+	mgmtId     []byte
+	ip         netip.Addr
+	ipLayer    gopacket.LayerType
+	matchByIP  bool
 	protoLayer gopacket.LayerType
-	srcPort    *firewall.Port
-	dstPort    *firewall.Port
-	action     firewall.Action
-}
-
-// matchesSource reports whether the given source address is covered
-// by this rule's source list.
-func (r *PeerRule) matchesSource(src netip.Addr) bool {
-	if r.matchAny {
-		return true
-	}
-	if _, ok := r.sourceAddrs[src]; ok {
-		return true
-	}
-	for _, p := range r.sources {
-		if p.Contains(src) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
+	sPort      *firewall.Port
+	dPort      *firewall.Port
+	drop bool
 }
 
 // ID returns the rule id
-func (r *PeerRule) ID() firewall.RuleID {
+func (r *PeerRule) ID() string {
 	return r.id
 }
 
 type RouteRule struct {
-	id           firewall.RuleID
+	id           string
 	mgmtId       []byte
 	sources      []netip.Prefix
 	dstSet       firewall.Set
@@ -64,6 +39,6 @@ type RouteRule struct {
 }
 
 // ID returns the rule id
-func (r *RouteRule) ID() firewall.RuleID {
+func (r *RouteRule) ID() string {
 	return r.id
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/testhelpers_test.go

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-package uspfilter
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-// countRulesForAddr reports how many rules in the given slice match
-// the supplied source address.
-func countRulesForAddr(rules peerRules, src netip.Addr) int {
-	n := 0
-	for _, r := range rules {
-		if r.matchesSource(src) {
-			n++
-		}
-	}
-	return n
-}
-
-// findRuleByID returns true if the rules slice contains a rule with
-// the given id whose source set covers src.
-func findRuleByID(rules peerRules, src netip.Addr, id firewall.RuleID) bool {
-	for _, r := range rules {
-		if r.id == id && r.matchesSource(src) {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// pfx converts a single net.IP into the []netip.Prefix form
-// AddFilterRule expects. A nil or unspecified address becomes a /0
-// ("match any") prefix in the matching family; any other address
-// becomes its /32 (or /128) host prefix.
-func pfx(ip net.IP) []netip.Prefix {
-	if ip == nil {
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	if ip.IsUnspecified() {
-		if ip.To4() != nil {
-			return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-		}
-		return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv6Unspecified(), 0)}
-	}
-	a, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
-	a = a.Unmap()
-	return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(a, a.BitLen())}
-}

client/firewall/uspfilter/tracer.go

@@ -285,14 +285,6 @@ func (m *Manager) TracePacket(packetData []byte, direction fw.RuleDirection) *Pa
 	trace.SourceIP = srcIP
 	trace.DestinationIP = dstIP
 
-	// A fragment or otherwise truncated packet has no transport layer.
-	// The inbound datapath drops these via isValidPacket; the tracer must
-	// guard explicitly since every downstream stage reads d.decoded[1].
-	if len(d.decoded) < 2 {
-		trace.AddResult(StageReceived, "Packet has no transport layer (fragment or unsupported protocol)", false)
-		return trace
-	}
-
 	// Determine protocol and ports
 	switch d.decoded[1] {
 	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:

client/firewall/uspfilter/tracer_test.go

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		}
 
-		m, err := Create(Config{IFace: ifaceMock, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+		m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		if !statefulMode {
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 				action := fw.ActionAccept
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 				action := fw.ActionDrop
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 				action := fw.ActionAccept
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 				action := fw.ActionAccept
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 
 				src := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{1, 1, 1, 1}), 32)
 				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 17, 2}), 32)
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 
 				src := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{1, 1, 1, 1}), 32)
 				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 17, 2}), 32)
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				ip := net.ParseIP("1.1.1.1")
 				proto := fw.ProtocolICMP
 				action := fw.ActionAccept
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, nil, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, nil, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				ip := net.ParseIP("1.1.1.1")
 				proto := fw.ProtocolICMP
 				action := fw.ActionDrop
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, nil, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, nil, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolUDP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}
 				action := fw.ActionAccept
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}
 				action := fw.ActionDrop
-				_, err := m.AddFilterRule(nil, pfx(ip), fw.Network{}, proto, nil, port, action)
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, proto, nil, port, action, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {

client/installer.nsis

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 !define DESCRIPTION "Connect your devices into a secure WireGuard-based overlay network with SSO, MFA, and granular access controls."
 !define INSTALLER_NAME "netbird-installer.exe"
 !define MAIN_APP_EXE "Netbird"
-!define ICON "ui\\assets\\netbird.ico"
+!define ICON "ui\\build\\windows\\icon.ico"
 !define BANNER "ui\\build\\banner.bmp"
 !define LICENSE_DATA "..\\LICENSE"
 
@@ -280,6 +280,43 @@ CreateShortCut "$SMPROGRAMS\${APP_NAME}.lnk" "$INSTDIR\${UI_APP_EXE}"
 CreateShortCut "$DESKTOP\${APP_NAME}.lnk" "$INSTDIR\${UI_APP_EXE}"
 SectionEnd
 
+# Install the Microsoft Edge WebView2 runtime if it isn't already present.
+# Macro adapted from Wails3's NSIS template (wails_tools.nsh): a registry
+# probe followed by a silent install of the embedded evergreen bootstrapper.
+# The MicrosoftEdgeWebview2Setup.exe payload is staged next to this script
+# by the sign-pipelines build step (`wails3 generate webview2bootstrapper`).
+!macro nb.webview2runtime
+    SetRegView 64
+    # Per-machine install marker — populated when the runtime ships with
+    # Edge or has been installed by an admin previously.
+    ReadRegStr $0 HKLM "SOFTWARE\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\EdgeUpdate\Clients\{F3017226-FE2A-4295-8BDF-00C3A9A7E4C5}" "pv"
+    ${If} $0 != ""
+        Goto webview2_ok
+    ${EndIf}
+    # Per-user fallback for HKCU installs.
+    ReadRegStr $0 HKCU "Software\Microsoft\EdgeUpdate\Clients\{F3017226-FE2A-4295-8BDF-00C3A9A7E4C5}" "pv"
+    ${If} $0 != ""
+        Goto webview2_ok
+    ${EndIf}
+
+    SetDetailsPrint both
+    DetailPrint "Installing: WebView2 Runtime"
+    SetDetailsPrint listonly
+
+    InitPluginsDir
+    CreateDirectory "$pluginsdir\webview2bootstrapper"
+    SetOutPath "$pluginsdir\webview2bootstrapper"
+    File "MicrosoftEdgeWebview2Setup.exe"
+    ExecWait '"$pluginsdir\webview2bootstrapper\MicrosoftEdgeWebview2Setup.exe" /silent /install'
+
+    SetDetailsPrint both
+    webview2_ok:
+!macroend
+
+Section -WebView2
+    !insertmacro nb.webview2runtime
+SectionEnd
+
 Section -Post
 ExecWait '"$INSTDIR\${MAIN_APP_EXE}" service install'
 ExecWait '"$INSTDIR\${MAIN_APP_EXE}" service start'
@@ -326,9 +363,9 @@ DetailPrint "Deleting application files..."
 Delete "$INSTDIR\${UI_APP_EXE}"
 Delete "$INSTDIR\${MAIN_APP_EXE}"
 Delete "$INSTDIR\wintun.dll"
-!if ${ARCH} == "amd64"
+# Legacy: pre-Wails installs shipped opengl32.dll (Mesa3D for Fyne); remove
+# any leftover copy on uninstall so old upgrades don't leave it behind.
 Delete "$INSTDIR\opengl32.dll"
-!endif
 DetailPrint "Removing application directory..."
 RmDir /r "$INSTDIR"
 

client/internal/acl/dispatch_test.go

@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-package acl
-
-import (
-	"net/netip"
-	"sync"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall"
-	fwmgr "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/mocks"
-	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/proto"
-)
-
-// TestNetworkZeroPrefixIsRoute guards the route-vs-peer dispatch
-// invariant: the backends classify a rule as a peer rule purely by the
-// absence of a destination (neither prefix nor set). A default route
-// (0.0.0.0/0 or ::/0) is a valid prefix and must therefore classify as
-// a route, not collapse into the peer path.
-func TestNetworkZeroPrefixIsRoute(t *testing.T) {
-	for _, p := range []string{"0.0.0.0/0", "::/0", "10.0.0.0/8"} {
-		n := fwmgr.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix(p)}
-		assert.True(t, n.IsPrefix(), "%s must report IsPrefix", p)
-		assert.True(t, n.IsPrefix() || n.IsSet(), "%s must classify as a route", p)
-	}
-
-	// A zero-value Network is the only peer-rule shape.
-	var empty fwmgr.Network
-	assert.False(t, empty.IsPrefix(), "zero Network must not be a prefix")
-	assert.False(t, empty.IsSet(), "zero Network must not be a set")
-}
-
-// TestDetermineDestinationAlwaysRoute verifies determineDestination
-// never yields an empty Network for a valid route rule: every branch
-// (static prefix, default route, dynamic with/without domains, with and
-// without a local resolver) produces a destination that classifies as a
-// route. If this regresses, a route rule would be dispatched down the
-// peer path, which matches on source only.
-func TestDetermineDestinationAlwaysRoute(t *testing.T) {
-	v4 := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")}
-	v6 := []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/48")}
-
-	cases := []struct {
-		name     string
-		rule     *mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule
-		resolver bool
-		sources  []netip.Prefix
-	}{
-		{"static prefix", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{Destination: "192.168.0.0/16"}, false, v4},
-		{"static default route", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{Destination: "0.0.0.0/0"}, false, v4},
-		{"dynamic with domains + resolver", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{IsDynamic: true, Domains: []string{"example.com"}}, true, v4},
-		{"dynamic no domains + resolver (v4)", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{IsDynamic: true}, true, v4},
-		{"dynamic no domains + resolver (v6)", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{IsDynamic: true}, true, v6},
-		{"dynamic + no local resolver (v4)", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{IsDynamic: true}, false, v4},
-		{"dynamic + no local resolver (v6)", &mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule{IsDynamic: true}, false, v6},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			dest, err := determineDestination(tc.rule, tc.resolver, tc.sources)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			assert.True(t, dest.IsPrefix() || dest.IsSet(),
-				"destination must classify as a route, got empty Network")
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-// countingFirewall wraps a real firewall.Manager and counts filter-rule
-// add/delete calls so a test can assert how many backing rules the acl
-// manager actually creates and tears down.
-type countingFirewall struct {
-	fwmgr.Manager
-	mu       sync.Mutex
-	addCalls int
-	dels     int
-	ruleIDs  map[fwmgr.RuleID]struct{}
-}
-
-// distinctRules returns the number of distinct backing rules the
-// backend produced. Because the backend dedups identical content,
-// repeated AddFilterRule calls for the same rule resolve to one id.
-func (f *countingFirewall) distinctRules() int {
-	f.mu.Lock()
-	defer f.mu.Unlock()
-	return len(f.ruleIDs)
-}
-
-func (f *countingFirewall) AddFilterRule(id []byte, sources []netip.Prefix, destination fwmgr.Network, proto fwmgr.Protocol, sPort, dPort *fwmgr.Port, action fwmgr.Action) (fwmgr.Rule, error) {
-	rule, err := f.Manager.AddFilterRule(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
-	if err == nil {
-		f.mu.Lock()
-		f.addCalls++
-		if f.ruleIDs == nil {
-			f.ruleIDs = make(map[fwmgr.RuleID]struct{})
-		}
-		if rule != nil {
-			f.ruleIDs[rule.ID()] = struct{}{}
-		}
-		f.mu.Unlock()
-	}
-	return rule, err
-}
-
-func (f *countingFirewall) DeleteFilterRule(r fwmgr.Rule) error {
-	err := f.Manager.DeleteFilterRule(r)
-	if err == nil {
-		f.mu.Lock()
-		f.dels++
-		delete(f.ruleIDs, r.ID())
-		f.mu.Unlock()
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-func newCountingACL(t *testing.T) (*DefaultManager, *countingFirewall, func()) {
-	t.Helper()
-	t.Setenv("NB_WG_KERNEL_DISABLED", "true")
-	t.Setenv(firewall.EnvForceUserspaceFirewall, "true")
-
-	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
-	ifaceMock := mocks.NewMockIFaceMapper(ctrl)
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().IsUserspaceBind().Return(true).AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().SetFilter(gomock.Any())
-	network := netip.MustParsePrefix("172.0.0.1/32")
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().Name().Return("lo").AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().Address().Return(wgaddr.Address{IP: network.Addr(), Network: network}).AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().GetWGDevice().Return(nil).AnyTimes()
-
-	realFW, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil, flowLogger, false, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
-	fw := &countingFirewall{Manager: realFW}
-	cleanup := func() {
-		require.NoError(t, realFW.Close(nil))
-		ctrl.Finish()
-	}
-	return NewDefaultManager(fw), fw, cleanup
-}
-
-// TestDuplicateContentPoliciesShareOneRule verifies the dedup contract
-// the backends rely on: two policies that authorize an identical flow
-// (same selector and sources) collapse to a single backing firewall
-// rule, and that rule survives until BOTH policies are gone. This is
-// why the backend can dedup on add without refcounting on delete: the
-// acl manager's pair key matches the backend's content key, so add and
-// delete stay balanced per content key across full-state reapplies.
-func TestDuplicateContentPoliciesShareOneRule(t *testing.T) {
-	acl, fw, cleanup := newCountingACL(t)
-	defer cleanup()
-
-	ruleA := &mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-		PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-		Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-		Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-		Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-		Port:      "443",
-	}
-	ruleB := &mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		PolicyID:  []byte("policy-B"),
-		PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-		Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-		Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-		Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-		Port:      "443",
-	}
-
-	// Both policies present: identical content collapses to one rule.
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(&mgmProto.NetworkMap{FirewallRules: []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{ruleA, ruleB}, FirewallRulesIsEmpty: false}, false)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, fw.distinctRules(), "identical-content policies must produce one backing rule")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(acl.peerRulesPairs), "one content key, one pair")
-
-	// Drop policy A only: the shared rule is still authorized by B, so
-	// nothing is deleted.
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(&mgmProto.NetworkMap{FirewallRules: []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{ruleB}, FirewallRulesIsEmpty: false}, false)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, fw.distinctRules(), "no new backing rule on reapply")
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, fw.dels, "rule must survive while any policy still authorizes it")
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, len(acl.peerRulesPairs))
-
-	// Drop policy B too: now the content key has no authorizer and the
-	// single backing rule is removed exactly once.
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(&mgmProto.NetworkMap{FirewallRules: nil, FirewallRulesIsEmpty: true}, false)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, fw.dels, "rule removed once when last policy is gone")
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, len(acl.peerRulesPairs))
-}

client/internal/acl/grouping_test.go

@@ -1,318 +0,0 @@
-package acl
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"net/netip"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall"
-	fwmgr "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/mocks"
-	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/proto"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/netiputil"
-)
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesPolicyIDSeparates verifies that two FirewallRules
-// with identical selectors but different PolicyIDs do NOT get merged
-// into one group, so each policy's sources merge under its own
-// attribution id. (Identical-content groups may still dedup to one
-// backing rule at the backend; see TestDuplicateContentPoliciesShareOneRule.)
-func TestGroupPeerRulesPolicyIDSeparates(t *testing.T) {
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-B"),
-			PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2, "rules with different PolicyIDs must produce separate groups")
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesFamilySeparates verifies that v4 and v6 rules
-// belonging to the same policy don't merge.
-func TestGroupPeerRulesFamilySeparates(t *testing.T) {
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    "2001:db8::1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2, "rules of different families must produce separate groups")
-
-	var sawV4, sawV6 bool
-	for _, g := range groups {
-		require.Len(t, g.sources, 1)
-		if g.sources[0].Addr().Is4() {
-			sawV4 = true
-		}
-		if g.sources[0].Addr().Is6() {
-			sawV6 = true
-		}
-	}
-	assert.True(t, sawV4 && sawV6)
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesSplitsMixedFamilySingleRule verifies that a single
-// FirewallRule carrying both v4 and v6 source prefixes is split into one
-// group per family. Each backend keys a rule to a single family, so a
-// group whose sources span families would mismatch the other family's
-// sources. mgmt normally emits one rule per family; this guards against
-// a mixed-family rule slipping through.
-func TestGroupPeerRulesSplitsMixedFamilySingleRule(t *testing.T) {
-	srcs := [][]byte{
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.1")),
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("2001:db8::1")),
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.2")),
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("2001:db8::2")),
-	}
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		{
-			PolicyID:       []byte("policy-A"),
-			SourcePrefixes: srcs,
-			Direction:      mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:         mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:       mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:           "443",
-		},
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2, "mixed-family sources in one rule must split into two groups")
-
-	for _, g := range groups {
-		require.Len(t, g.sources, 2)
-		v6 := prefixIsV6(g.sources[0])
-		for _, s := range g.sources {
-			assert.Equal(t, v6, prefixIsV6(s), "every source in a group must share one family")
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesMergesSameSelector verifies that rules sharing
-// every distinguishing field (policy, family, direction, action,
-// proto, port) collapse into a single multi-source group.
-func TestGroupPeerRulesMergesSameSelector(t *testing.T) {
-	mk := func(peerIP string) *mgmProto.FirewallRule {
-		return &mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    peerIP,
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		}
-	}
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{mk("10.0.0.1"), mk("10.0.0.2"), mk("10.0.0.3")}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 1)
-	require.Len(t, groups[0].sources, 3)
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesPortSeparates verifies that PortInfo is part of the
-// selector key: rules differing only in port must not merge, and a
-// single port must not merge with a range. A regression dropping the
-// port from the key would collapse rules for different ports into one.
-func TestGroupPeerRulesPortSeparates(t *testing.T) {
-	mkPort := func(peerIP string, port uint32) *mgmProto.FirewallRule {
-		return &mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    peerIP,
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			PortInfo:  &mgmProto.PortInfo{PortSelection: &mgmProto.PortInfo_Port{Port: port}},
-		}
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules([]*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		mkPort("10.0.0.1", 80), mkPort("10.0.0.2", 80), mkPort("10.0.0.3", 443),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2, "rules on different ports must not merge")
-
-	rangeRule := &mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-		PeerIP:    "10.0.0.4",
-		Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-		Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-		Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-		PortInfo:  &mgmProto.PortInfo{PortSelection: &mgmProto.PortInfo_Range_{Range: &mgmProto.PortInfo_Range{Start: 80, End: 90}}},
-	}
-	groups, denyErr, err = groupPeerRules([]*mgmProto.FirewallRule{mkPort("10.0.0.1", 80), rangeRule})
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2, "a single port and a range must not merge")
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesUsesSourcePrefixesWhenPresent verifies that the
-// new sourcePrefixes wire field is consumed and produces a
-// multi-source group in one shot (no client-side merging needed).
-func TestGroupPeerRulesUsesSourcePrefixesWhenPresent(t *testing.T) {
-	srcs := [][]byte{
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.1")),
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.2")),
-		netiputil.EncodeAddr(netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.3")),
-	}
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		{
-			PolicyID:       []byte("policy-A"),
-			SourcePrefixes: srcs,
-			Direction:      mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:         mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:       mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:           "443",
-		},
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 1)
-	require.Len(t, groups[0].sources, 3)
-}
-
-// TestGroupPeerRulesActionSeparates verifies the obvious: accept
-// and drop rules with the same selector don't merge.
-func TestGroupPeerRulesActionSeparates(t *testing.T) {
-	rules := []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_ACCEPT,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-		{
-			PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-			PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-			Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-			Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_DROP,
-			Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-			Port:      "443",
-		},
-	}
-
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	require.NoError(t, denyErr)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.Len(t, groups, 2)
-}
-
-// failingDeleteFirewall wraps a real firewall.Manager and forces the
-// next N DeleteFilterRule calls to fail. Used to verify that the acl
-// manager retains rules whose deletion was rejected by the backend,
-// so they get retried on the next ApplyFiltering pass instead of
-// becoming orphans.
-type failingDeleteFirewall struct {
-	fwmgr.Manager
-	failCount int
-}
-
-func (f *failingDeleteFirewall) DeleteFilterRule(r fwmgr.Rule) error {
-	if f.failCount > 0 {
-		f.failCount--
-		return errors.New("simulated delete failure")
-	}
-	return f.Manager.DeleteFilterRule(r)
-}
-
-// TestApplyFilteringRetainsRulesOnDeleteFailure verifies that a
-// transient DeleteFilterRule error doesn't make the acl manager
-// forget about a rule. The rule must remain in peerRulesPairs so the
-// next ApplyFiltering pass attempts the delete again.
-func TestApplyFilteringRetainsRulesOnDeleteFailure(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("NB_WG_KERNEL_DISABLED", "true")
-	t.Setenv(firewall.EnvForceUserspaceFirewall, "true")
-
-	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
-	defer ctrl.Finish()
-
-	ifaceMock := mocks.NewMockIFaceMapper(ctrl)
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().IsUserspaceBind().Return(true).AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().SetFilter(gomock.Any())
-	network := netip.MustParsePrefix("172.0.0.1/32")
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().Name().Return("lo").AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().Address().Return(wgaddr.Address{IP: network.Addr(), Network: network}).AnyTimes()
-	ifaceMock.EXPECT().GetWGDevice().Return(nil).AnyTimes()
-
-	realFW, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil, flowLogger, false, iface.DefaultMTU)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	defer func() { require.NoError(t, realFW.Close(nil)) }()
-
-	fw := &failingDeleteFirewall{Manager: realFW}
-	acl := NewDefaultManager(fw)
-
-	// First pass: install a rule.
-	netmap1 := &mgmProto.NetworkMap{
-		FirewallRules: []*mgmProto.FirewallRule{
-			{
-				PolicyID:  []byte("policy-A"),
-				PeerIP:    "10.0.0.1",
-				Direction: mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN,
-				Action:    mgmProto.RuleAction_DROP,
-				Protocol:  mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP,
-				Port:      "22",
-			},
-		},
-		FirewallRulesIsEmpty: false,
-	}
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(netmap1, false)
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(acl.peerRulesPairs), "rule should be installed")
-
-	// Second pass: remove the rule from the map. The backend will
-	// fail the delete; the acl manager must retain the rule.
-	fw.failCount = 1
-	netmap2 := &mgmProto.NetworkMap{FirewallRules: nil, FirewallRulesIsEmpty: true}
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(netmap2, false)
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(acl.peerRulesPairs),
-		"rule must be retained when DeleteFilterRule fails so it gets retried")
-
-	// Third pass: same map, backend no longer fails. The rule
-	// should now succeed in being removed.
-	acl.ApplyFiltering(netmap2, false)
-	require.Equal(t, 0, len(acl.peerRulesPairs), "retry should succeed")
-}

client/internal/acl/id/id.go

@@ -5,18 +5,18 @@ import (
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
-	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 )
 
-// RuleID aliases manager.RuleID so existing nbid.RuleID references
-// keep working while the canonical type lives in the firewall package.
-type RuleID = manager.RuleID
+type RuleID string
 
-// GenerateRuleID returns a deterministic content hash identifying a filter rule.
-func GenerateRuleID(
+func (r RuleID) ID() string {
+	return string(r)
+}
+
+func GenerateRouteRuleKey(
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
 	destination manager.Network,
 	proto manager.Protocol,
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ func GenerateRuleID(
 	dPort *manager.Port,
 	action manager.Action,
 ) RuleID {
-	sources = slices.Clone(sources)
 	manager.SortPrefixes(sources)
 
 	h := sha256.New()

client/internal/acl/manager.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package acl
 
 import (
+	"crypto/md5"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -21,10 +23,6 @@ import (
 
 var ErrSourceRangesEmpty = errors.New("sources range is empty")
 
-// ErrNoRuleReturned is returned when the firewall backend reports success
-// from AddFilterRule but yields no rule to track.
-var ErrNoRuleReturned = errors.New("backend returned no rule")
-
 // Manager is a ACL rules manager
 type Manager interface {
 	ApplyFiltering(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap, dnsRouteFeatureFlag bool)
@@ -33,46 +31,17 @@ type Manager interface {
 // DefaultManager uses firewall manager to handle
 type DefaultManager struct {
 	firewall       firewall.Manager
+	ipsetCounter   int
 	peerRulesPairs map[id.RuleID][]firewall.Rule
-	routeRules     map[id.RuleID]firewall.Rule
+	routeRules     map[id.RuleID]struct{}
 	mutex          sync.Mutex
 }
 
-// peerRuleGroup collapses a set of single-source FirewallRules sharing
-// the same selector into one multi-source rule to push to the backend.
-type peerRuleGroup struct {
-	direction mgmProto.RuleDirection
-	action    mgmProto.RuleAction
-	protocol  mgmProto.RuleProtocol
-	port      *mgmProto.PortInfo
-	// legacyPort is used only when PortInfo is empty (old management).
-	legacyPort string
-	policyID   []byte
-	sources    []netip.Prefix
-}
-
-// peerRuleKey is the comparable selector that decides which single-source
-// rules merge into one group. Rules with an equal key collapse into one
-// multi-source backend rule. PortInfo is flattened into its scalar fields
-// so the key compares by value; policyID keeps policies separate so two
-// policies authorizing different peers don't merge under one attribution.
-type peerRuleKey struct {
-	v6         bool
-	policyID   string
-	direction  mgmProto.RuleDirection
-	action     mgmProto.RuleAction
-	protocol   mgmProto.RuleProtocol
-	legacyPort string
-	port       uint16
-	rangeStart uint16
-	rangeEnd   uint16
-}
-
 func NewDefaultManager(fm firewall.Manager) *DefaultManager {
 	return &DefaultManager{
 		firewall:       fm,
 		peerRulesPairs: make(map[id.RuleID][]firewall.Rule),
-		routeRules:     make(map[id.RuleID]firewall.Rule),
+		routeRules:     make(map[id.RuleID]struct{}),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -99,12 +68,10 @@ func (d *DefaultManager) ApplyFiltering(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap, dnsRout
 			time.Since(start), total)
 	}()
 
-	if err := d.applyPeerACLs(networkMap); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("apply peer ACLs: %v", err)
-	}
+	d.applyPeerACLs(networkMap)
 
 	if err := d.applyRouteACLs(networkMap.RoutesFirewallRules, dnsRouteFeatureFlag); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("apply route ACLs: %v", err)
+		log.Errorf("Failed to apply route ACLs: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	if err := d.firewall.Flush(); err != nil {
@@ -112,7 +79,7 @@ func (d *DefaultManager) ApplyFiltering(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap, dnsRout
 	}
 }
 
-func (d *DefaultManager) applyPeerACLs(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap) error {
+func (d *DefaultManager) applyPeerACLs(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap) {
 	rules := networkMap.FirewallRules
 
 	// if we got empty rules list but management not set networkMap.FirewallRulesIsEmpty flag
@@ -135,158 +102,59 @@ func (d *DefaultManager) applyPeerACLs(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap) error {
 		)
 	}
 
-	// Group incoming single-source rules from management by their
-	// (direction, action, proto, port) selector and merge sources.
-	// One call to the firewall backend per merged rule.
-	// A deny we cannot decode would leave its traffic unblocked, so skip
-	// the whole pass and keep existing rules until the next sync.
-	groups, denyErr, err := groupPeerRules(rules)
-	if denyErr != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("decode deny rule sources: %w", denyErr)
-	}
-
 	newRulePairs := make(map[id.RuleID][]firewall.Rule)
+	ipsetByRuleSelectors := make(map[string]string)
+
+	// TODO: deny rules should be fatal: if a deny rule fails to apply, we must
+	// roll back all allow rules to avoid a fail-open where allowed traffic bypasses
+	// the missing deny. Currently we accumulate errors and continue.
 	var merr *multierror.Error
-	if err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	// Apply denies first. A deny that fails to install is a security
-	// failure (fail-open), so if any deny errors we roll back the
-	// denies we already installed in this pass and bail out without
-	// installing any accept. Pre-existing rules stay untouched until
-	// the next successful pass clears them.
-	denies, accepts := splitDenyAccept(groups)
-	if err := d.installPeerGroups(denies, newRulePairs, true); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("install deny rules: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := d.installPeerGroups(accepts, newRulePairs, false); err != nil {
-		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
-	}
-
-	// Tear down rules that disappeared from the networkmap. Any rule
-	// the backend refuses to delete stays in our tracking so it gets
-	// retried on the next ApplyFiltering. Otherwise a transient
-	// delete failure would leak the rule in the firewall until the
-	// process exits.
-	for pairID, rules := range d.peerRulesPairs {
-		if _, ok := newRulePairs[pairID]; ok {
-			continue
+	for _, r := range rules {
+		// if this rule is member of rule selection with more than DefaultIPsCountForSet
+		// it's IP address can be used in the ipset for firewall manager which supports it
+		selector := d.getRuleGroupingSelector(r)
+		ipsetName, ok := ipsetByRuleSelectors[selector]
+		if !ok {
+			d.ipsetCounter++
+			ipsetName = fmt.Sprintf("nb%07d", d.ipsetCounter)
+			ipsetByRuleSelectors[selector] = ipsetName
 		}
-		var remaining []firewall.Rule
-		for _, rule := range rules {
-			if err := d.firewall.DeleteFilterRule(rule); err != nil {
-				log.Errorf("failed to delete peer firewall rule, will retry: %v", err)
-				remaining = append(remaining, rule)
-			}
-		}
-		if len(remaining) > 0 {
-			newRulePairs[pairID] = remaining
-		}
-	}
-	d.peerRulesPairs = newRulePairs
-
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
-
-// installPeerGroups applies each group and records the resulting rule
-// pairs in newRulePairs. With atomic set (deny rules), a single failure
-// rolls back every rule installed in this call and returns, leaving the
-// firewall exactly as before: denies are fail-closed and must be applied
-// all-or-nothing. With atomic unset (accept rules), failures are
-// accumulated and the remaining groups still install, so one malformed
-// allow cannot drop every other legitimate allow in the pass.
-func (d *DefaultManager) installPeerGroups(groups []*peerRuleGroup, newRulePairs map[id.RuleID][]firewall.Rule, atomic bool) error {
-	var freshlyInstalled []id.RuleID
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, g := range groups {
-		pairID, rulePair, err := d.applyPeerGroup(g)
+		pairID, rulePair, err := d.protoRuleToFirewallRule(r, ipsetName)
 		if err != nil {
-			if atomic {
-				d.rollbackInstalled(freshlyInstalled)
-				return fmt.Errorf("apply firewall rule: %w", err)
-			}
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("apply firewall rule: %w", err))
 			continue
 		}
-		if len(rulePair) == 0 {
-			continue
+		if len(rulePair) > 0 {
+			d.peerRulesPairs[pairID] = rulePair
+			newRulePairs[pairID] = rulePair
 		}
-		if _, existed := d.peerRulesPairs[pairID]; !existed {
-			freshlyInstalled = append(freshlyInstalled, pairID)
-		}
-		d.peerRulesPairs[pairID] = rulePair
-		newRulePairs[pairID] = rulePair
 	}
-	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
-}
 
-func (d *DefaultManager) rollbackInstalled(pairIDs []id.RuleID) {
-	var merr *multierror.Error
-	for _, pairID := range pairIDs {
-		for _, rule := range d.peerRulesPairs[pairID] {
-			if err := d.firewall.DeleteFilterRule(rule); err != nil {
-				merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("rule %s: %w", pairID, err))
+	if merr != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to apply %d peer ACL rule(s): %v", merr.Len(), nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr))
+	}
+
+	for pairID, rules := range d.peerRulesPairs {
+		if _, ok := newRulePairs[pairID]; !ok {
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				if err := d.firewall.DeletePeerRule(rule); err != nil {
+					log.Errorf("failed to delete peer firewall rule: %v", err)
+					continue
+				}
 			}
+			delete(d.peerRulesPairs, pairID)
 		}
-		delete(d.peerRulesPairs, pairID)
 	}
-	if err := nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("rollback peer rules: %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func (d *DefaultManager) applyPeerGroup(g *peerRuleGroup) (id.RuleID, []firewall.Rule, error) {
-	protocol, err := ConvertToFirewallProtocol(g.protocol)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("skipping firewall rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	action, err := convertFirewallAction(g.action)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("skipping firewall rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	port, err := resolveGroupPort(g)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", nil, err
-	}
-
-	var fwRule firewall.Rule
-	switch g.direction {
-	case mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN:
-		fwRule, err = d.firewall.AddFilterRule(g.policyID, g.sources, firewall.Network{}, protocol, nil, port, action)
-	case mgmProto.RuleDirection_OUT:
-		if d.firewall.IsStateful() {
-			return "", nil, nil
-		}
-		if shouldSkipInvertedRule(protocol, port) {
-			return "", nil, nil
-		}
-		fwRule, err = d.firewall.AddFilterRule(g.policyID, g.sources, firewall.Network{}, protocol, port, nil, action)
-	default:
-		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid direction, skipping firewall rule")
-	}
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("add firewall rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	if fwRule == nil {
-		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("add firewall rule: %w", ErrNoRuleReturned)
-	}
-
-	// Derive the pair id from the backend rule, like the route path:
-	// the backend dedups identical content, so two policies authorizing
-	// the same flow resolve to the same id and a single backing rule.
-	return fwRule.ID(), []firewall.Rule{fwRule}, nil
+	d.peerRulesPairs = newRulePairs
 }
 
 func (d *DefaultManager) applyRouteACLs(rules []*mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule, dynamicResolver bool) error {
-	newRouteRules := make(map[id.RuleID]firewall.Rule, len(rules))
+	newRouteRules := make(map[id.RuleID]struct{}, len(rules))
 	var merr *multierror.Error
 
-	// Apply new rules - firewall manager will return the existing rule if already present
+	// Apply new rules - firewall manager will return existing rule ID if already present
 	for _, rule := range rules {
-		addedRule, err := d.applyRouteACL(rule, dynamicResolver)
+		id, err := d.applyRouteACL(rule, dynamicResolver)
 		if err != nil {
 			if errors.Is(err, ErrSourceRangesEmpty) {
 				log.Debugf("skipping empty sources rule with destination %s: %v", rule.Destination, err)
@@ -295,18 +163,16 @@ func (d *DefaultManager) applyRouteACLs(rules []*mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule, dyn
 			}
 			continue
 		}
-		newRouteRules[addedRule.ID()] = addedRule
+		newRouteRules[id] = struct{}{}
 	}
 
-	// Tear down old route rules; retain ones the backend refused so a
-	// transient failure doesn't leave orphaned rules in the firewall.
-	for ruleID, rule := range d.routeRules {
-		if _, exists := newRouteRules[ruleID]; exists {
-			continue
-		}
-		if err := d.firewall.DeleteFilterRule(rule); err != nil {
-			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete route rule, will retry: %w", err))
-			newRouteRules[ruleID] = rule
+	// Clean up old firewall rules
+	for id := range d.routeRules {
+		if _, exists := newRouteRules[id]; !exists {
+			if err := d.firewall.DeleteRouteRule(id); err != nil {
+				merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete route rule: %w", err))
+			}
+			// implicitly deleted from the map
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -314,196 +180,102 @@ func (d *DefaultManager) applyRouteACLs(rules []*mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule, dyn
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-func (d *DefaultManager) applyRouteACL(rule *mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule, dynamicResolver bool) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+func (d *DefaultManager) applyRouteACL(rule *mgmProto.RouteFirewallRule, dynamicResolver bool) (id.RuleID, error) {
 	if len(rule.SourceRanges) == 0 {
-		return nil, ErrSourceRangesEmpty
+		return "", ErrSourceRangesEmpty
 	}
 
 	var sources []netip.Prefix
 	for _, sourceRange := range rule.SourceRanges {
 		source, err := netip.ParsePrefix(sourceRange)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse source range: %w", err)
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("parse source range: %w", err)
 		}
-		sources = append(sources, firewall.UnmapPrefix(source))
+		sources = append(sources, source)
 	}
 
 	destination, err := determineDestination(rule, dynamicResolver, sources)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("determine destination: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("determine destination: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	protocol, err := ConvertToFirewallProtocol(rule.Protocol)
+	protocol, err := convertToFirewallProtocol(rule.Protocol)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid protocol: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid protocol: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	action, err := convertFirewallAction(rule.Action)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid action: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid action: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	dPorts := convertPortInfo(rule.PortInfo)
 
-	addedRule, err := d.firewall.AddFilterRule(rule.PolicyID, sources, destination, protocol, nil, dPorts, action)
+	addedRule, err := d.firewall.AddRouteFiltering(rule.PolicyID, sources, destination, protocol, nil, dPorts, action)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	if addedRule == nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route rule: %w", ErrNoRuleReturned)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("add route rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return addedRule, nil
+	return id.RuleID(addedRule.ID()), nil
 }
 
-// splitDenyAccept partitions groups by action so denies can be
-// applied before accepts. Order within each bucket is preserved.
-func splitDenyAccept(groups []*peerRuleGroup) (denies, accepts []*peerRuleGroup) {
-	for _, g := range groups {
-		if g.action == mgmProto.RuleAction_DROP {
-			denies = append(denies, g)
-		} else {
-			accepts = append(accepts, g)
-		}
-	}
-	return denies, accepts
-}
-
-// groupPeerRules merges single-source rules sharing a selector into
-// multi-source groups. It splits source-decode failures by action:
-// denyErr is non-nil when a deny rule could not be decoded, which is a
-// fail-open risk the caller must treat as fatal for the pass; err
-// carries the tolerable accept-rule failures the caller can log and
-// continue past.
-func groupPeerRules(rules []*mgmProto.FirewallRule) (groups []*peerRuleGroup, denyErr error, err error) {
-	var denyMerr, acceptMerr *multierror.Error
-	byKey := make(map[peerRuleKey]*peerRuleGroup)
-	order := make([]peerRuleKey, 0)
-
-	for _, r := range rules {
-		srcs, decErr := extractRuleSources(r)
-		if decErr != nil {
-			if r.Action == mgmProto.RuleAction_DROP {
-				denyMerr = multierror.Append(denyMerr, decErr)
-			} else {
-				acceptMerr = multierror.Append(acceptMerr, decErr)
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		// A single FirewallRule normally carries one address family, but
-		// split by family defensively: each backend keys a rule to one
-		// family and would mismatch sources of the other, so a group's
-		// sources must never span families.
-		v4, v6 := splitPrefixesByFamily(srcs)
-		for _, sub := range []struct {
-			isV6    bool
-			sources []netip.Prefix
-		}{{false, v4}, {true, v6}} {
-			if len(sub.sources) == 0 {
-				continue
-			}
-			key := ruleGroupKey(r, sub.isV6)
-			g, ok := byKey[key]
-			if !ok {
-				g = &peerRuleGroup{
-					direction:  r.Direction,
-					action:     r.Action,
-					protocol:   r.Protocol,
-					port:       r.PortInfo,
-					legacyPort: r.Port,
-					policyID:   r.PolicyID,
-				}
-				byKey[key] = g
-				order = append(order, key)
-			}
-			g.sources = append(g.sources, sub.sources...)
-		}
-	}
-
-	out := make([]*peerRuleGroup, 0, len(order))
-	for _, k := range order {
-		out = append(out, byKey[k])
-	}
-	return out, nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(denyMerr), nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(acceptMerr)
-}
-
-func prefixIsV6(p netip.Prefix) bool {
-	return p.Addr().Is6() && !p.Addr().Is4In6()
-}
-
-// splitPrefixesByFamily partitions prefixes into IPv4 and IPv6 groups.
-func splitPrefixesByFamily(prefixes []netip.Prefix) (v4, v6 []netip.Prefix) {
-	for _, p := range prefixes {
-		if prefixIsV6(p) {
-			v6 = append(v6, p)
-		} else {
-			v4 = append(v4, p)
-		}
-	}
-	return v4, v6
-}
-
-// ruleGroupKey builds the selector key for a rule. v6 must reflect the
-// rule's source family: mgmt emits one rule per family and mixing them
-// would break ICMP-variant selection in uspfilter.
-func ruleGroupKey(r *mgmProto.FirewallRule, v6 bool) peerRuleKey {
-	k := peerRuleKey{
-		v6:         v6,
-		policyID:   string(r.PolicyID),
-		direction:  r.Direction,
-		action:     r.Action,
-		protocol:   r.Protocol,
-		legacyPort: r.Port,
-	}
-	if pi := r.PortInfo; pi != nil {
-		k.port = uint16(pi.GetPort())
-		if rng := pi.GetRange(); rng != nil {
-			k.rangeStart = uint16(rng.GetStart())
-			k.rangeEnd = uint16(rng.GetEnd())
-		}
-	}
-	return k
-}
-
-// extractRuleSources returns all source prefixes the rule applies to.
-// New management populates sourcePrefixes; older management sets PeerIP.
-func extractRuleSources(r *mgmProto.FirewallRule) ([]netip.Prefix, error) {
-	if len(r.SourcePrefixes) > 0 {
-		out := make([]netip.Prefix, 0, len(r.SourcePrefixes))
-		for _, raw := range r.SourcePrefixes {
-			addr, err := netiputil.DecodeAddr(raw)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode source prefix: %w", err)
-			}
-			out = append(out, netip.PrefixFrom(addr.Unmap(), addr.Unmap().BitLen()))
-		}
-		return out, nil
-	}
-
-	//nolint:staticcheck // PeerIP used for backward compatibility with old management
-	addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(r.PeerIP)
+func (d *DefaultManager) protoRuleToFirewallRule(
+	r *mgmProto.FirewallRule,
+	ipsetName string,
+) (id.RuleID, []firewall.Rule, error) {
+	ip, err := extractRuleIP(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IP address, skipping firewall rule")
+		return "", nil, err
 	}
-	addr = addr.Unmap()
-	return []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(addr, addr.BitLen())}, nil
-}
 
-func resolveGroupPort(g *peerRuleGroup) (*firewall.Port, error) {
-	if !portInfoEmpty(g.port) {
-		return convertPortInfo(g.port), nil
+	protocol, err := convertToFirewallProtocol(r.Protocol)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("skipping firewall rule: %s", err)
 	}
-	if g.legacyPort != "" {
-		value, err := strconv.ParseUint(g.legacyPort, 10, 16)
+
+	action, err := convertFirewallAction(r.Action)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("skipping firewall rule: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	var port *firewall.Port
+	if !portInfoEmpty(r.PortInfo) {
+		port = convertPortInfo(r.PortInfo)
+	} else if r.Port != "" {
+		// old version of management, single port
+		value, err := strconv.Atoi(r.Port)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid port: %w", err)
+			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid port: %w", err)
 		}
-		return &firewall.Port{
+		port = &firewall.Port{
 			Values: []uint16{uint16(value)},
-		}, nil
+		}
 	}
-	// nolint:nilnil // a nil port legitimately means "no port restriction"
-	return nil, nil
+
+	ruleID := d.getPeerRuleID(ip, protocol, int(r.Direction), port, action)
+	if rulesPair, ok := d.peerRulesPairs[ruleID]; ok {
+		return ruleID, rulesPair, nil
+	}
+
+	var rules []firewall.Rule
+	switch r.Direction {
+	case mgmProto.RuleDirection_IN:
+		rules, err = d.addInRules(r.PolicyID, ip, protocol, port, action, ipsetName)
+	case mgmProto.RuleDirection_OUT:
+		if d.firewall.IsStateful() {
+			return "", nil, nil
+		}
+		// return traffic for outbound connections if firewall is stateless
+		rules, err = d.addOutRules(r.PolicyID, ip, protocol, port, action, ipsetName)
+	default:
+		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid direction, skipping firewall rule")
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+
+	return ruleID, rules, nil
 }
 
 func portInfoEmpty(portInfo *mgmProto.PortInfo) bool {
@@ -522,9 +294,85 @@ func portInfoEmpty(portInfo *mgmProto.PortInfo) bool {
 	}
 }
 
-// ConvertToFirewallProtocol maps a management rule protocol to the
-// firewall protocol type.
-func ConvertToFirewallProtocol(protocol mgmProto.RuleProtocol) (firewall.Protocol, error) {
+func (d *DefaultManager) addInRules(
+	id []byte,
+	ip netip.Addr,
+	protocol firewall.Protocol,
+	port *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+	rule, err := d.firewall.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip.AsSlice(), protocol, nil, port, action, ipsetName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add firewall rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return rule, nil
+}
+
+func (d *DefaultManager) addOutRules(
+	id []byte,
+	ip netip.Addr,
+	protocol firewall.Protocol,
+	port *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+	ipsetName string,
+) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
+	if shouldSkipInvertedRule(protocol, port) {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	rule, err := d.firewall.AddPeerFiltering(id, ip.AsSlice(), protocol, port, nil, action, ipsetName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add firewall rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return rule, nil
+}
+
+// getPeerRuleID returns unique ID for the rule based on its parameters.
+func (d *DefaultManager) getPeerRuleID(
+	ip netip.Addr,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	direction int,
+	port *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) id.RuleID {
+	idStr := ip.String() + string(proto) + strconv.Itoa(direction) + strconv.Itoa(int(action))
+	if port != nil {
+		idStr += port.String()
+	}
+
+	return id.RuleID(hex.EncodeToString(md5.New().Sum([]byte(idStr))))
+}
+
+// getRuleGroupingSelector takes all rule properties except IP address to build selector
+func (d *DefaultManager) getRuleGroupingSelector(rule *mgmProto.FirewallRule) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%v:%v:%v:%s:%v", strconv.Itoa(int(rule.Direction)), rule.Action, rule.Protocol, rule.Port, rule.PortInfo)
+}
+
+
+// extractRuleIP extracts the peer IP from a firewall rule.
+// If sourcePrefixes is populated (new management), decode the first entry and use its address.
+// Otherwise fall back to the deprecated PeerIP string field (old management).
+func extractRuleIP(r *mgmProto.FirewallRule) (netip.Addr, error) {
+	if len(r.SourcePrefixes) > 0 {
+		addr, err := netiputil.DecodeAddr(r.SourcePrefixes[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			return netip.Addr{}, fmt.Errorf("decode source prefix: %w", err)
+		}
+		return addr.Unmap(), nil
+	}
+
+	//nolint:staticcheck // PeerIP used for backward compatibility with old management
+	addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(r.PeerIP)
+	if err != nil {
+		return netip.Addr{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid IP address, skipping firewall rule")
+	}
+	return addr.Unmap(), nil
+}
+
+func convertToFirewallProtocol(protocol mgmProto.RuleProtocol) (firewall.Protocol, error) {
 	switch protocol {
 	case mgmProto.RuleProtocol_TCP:
 		return firewall.ProtocolTCP, nil

client/internal/acl/manager_test.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall"
-	fwmanager "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/mocks"
@@ -77,9 +76,9 @@ func TestDefaultManager(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("add extra rules", func(t *testing.T) {
-		existedPairs := map[fwmanager.RuleID]struct{}{}
+		existedPairs := map[string]struct{}{}
 		for id := range acl.peerRulesPairs {
-			existedPairs[id] = struct{}{}
+			existedPairs[id.ID()] = struct{}{}
 		}
 
 		// remove first rule
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ func TestDefaultManager(t *testing.T) {
 		// check that old rule was removed
 		previousCount := 0
 		for id := range acl.peerRulesPairs {
-			if _, ok := existedPairs[id]; ok {
+			if _, ok := existedPairs[id.ID()]; ok {
 				previousCount++
 			}
 		}

client/internal/auth/auth.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package auth
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net/url"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -21,6 +22,25 @@ import (
 	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/proto"
 )
 
+// peerLoginExpiredMsg is the exact phrase the management server returns
+// when a previously SSO-enrolled peer's login has expired. Sourced from
+// shared/management/status/error.go (NewPeerLoginExpiredError). Matched
+// by substring so a future server-side rewording that keeps the phrase
+// still triggers the friendly fallback in Login().
+const peerLoginExpiredMsg = "peer login has expired"
+
+// errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer replaces the raw management error when the
+// user runs `netbird login -k <setup-key>` against a peer that was
+// originally enrolled via SSO. Wrapped in a PermissionDenied gRPC status
+// so callers' existing isPermissionDenied / isAuthError checks still
+// classify it correctly (early-exit from retry backoff, StatusNeedsLogin
+// in the server state machine).
+var errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer = status.Error(
+	codes.PermissionDenied,
+	"this peer was originally enrolled via SSO and its session has expired. "+
+		"Setup keys can only enrol new peers — run `netbird up` (interactive SSO) to re-login.",
+)
+
 // Auth manages authentication operations with the management server
 // It maintains a long-lived connection and automatically handles reconnection with backoff
 type Auth struct {
@@ -184,6 +204,15 @@ func (a *Auth) Login(ctx context.Context, setupKey string, jwtToken string) (err
 			log.Debugf("peer registration required")
 			_, err = a.registerPeer(client, ctx, setupKey, jwtToken, pubSSHKey)
 			if err != nil {
+				// The peer pub-key is already on file with the management
+				// server (originally enrolled via SSO) and the session has
+				// expired. The setup-key path can only enrol new peers, so
+				// retrying with -k will keep failing. Replace the raw mgm
+				// message with an actionable hint that tells the user to
+				// re-authenticate via SSO instead.
+				if setupKey != "" && jwtToken == "" && isPeerLoginExpired(err) {
+					err = errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer
+				}
 				isAuthError = isPermissionDenied(err)
 				return err
 			}
@@ -474,3 +503,16 @@ func isLoginNeeded(err error) bool {
 func isRegistrationNeeded(err error) bool {
 	return isPermissionDenied(err)
 }
+
+// isPeerLoginExpired reports whether err is the management server's
+// "peer login has expired" PermissionDenied response. Used by Login to
+// detect the case where the caller passed a setup-key but the peer is
+// actually an SSO-enrolled record whose session needs refreshing — the
+// setup-key path cannot help there.
+func isPeerLoginExpired(err error) bool {
+	if !isPermissionDenied(err) {
+		return false
+	}
+	s, _ := status.FromError(err)
+	return strings.Contains(s.Message(), peerLoginExpiredMsg)
+}

client/internal/auth/auth_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+)
+
+func TestIsPeerLoginExpired(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "nil",
+			err:  nil,
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "plain error (not a gRPC status)",
+			err:  errors.New("network read: connection reset"),
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "PermissionDenied with different message",
+			err:  status.Error(codes.PermissionDenied, "user is blocked"),
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Unauthenticated with the expected phrase",
+			// Wrong status code — must still return false.
+			err:  status.Error(codes.Unauthenticated, "peer login has expired, please log in once more"),
+			want: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "exact server message",
+			err:  status.Error(codes.PermissionDenied, "peer login has expired, please log in once more"),
+			want: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "phrase as substring",
+			// Future-proofing: if mgm reworords but keeps the phrase,
+			// the friendly fallback must still kick in.
+			err:  status.Error(codes.PermissionDenied, "session refused: peer login has expired (account=foo)"),
+			want: true,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := isPeerLoginExpired(tc.err); got != tc.want {
+				t.Fatalf("isPeerLoginExpired(%v) = %v, want %v", tc.err, got, tc.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	// Sentinel must surface as PermissionDenied so the upstream
+	// isPermissionDenied / isAuthError checks classify it correctly
+	// (short-circuit retry backoff, set StatusNeedsLogin).
+	if !isPermissionDenied(errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer) {
+		t.Fatalf("errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer must be a PermissionDenied gRPC error")
+	}
+
+	// Message must actually mention SSO and `netbird up` so it is
+	// actionable for the end user. Loose substring checks keep the
+	// test resilient to copy edits.
+	s, _ := status.FromError(errSetupKeyOnSSOExpiredPeer)
+	msg := strings.ToLower(s.Message())
+	for _, want := range []string{"sso", "netbird up"} {
+		if !strings.Contains(msg, want) {
+			t.Errorf("sentinel message should contain %q, got %q", want, s.Message())
+		}
+	}
+}

client/internal/auth/pending_flow.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+package auth
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// PendingFlow stores an in-progress OAuth flow between the RPC that
+// initiates it (returns the verification URI to the UI) and the RPC
+// that waits for the user to complete it. The flow handle, the
+// device-code info, and the absolute expiry are kept together so the
+// waiting RPC can validate the device code and reuse the same flow.
+//
+// PendingFlow is safe for concurrent use; callers must not access the
+// stored fields directly.
+type PendingFlow struct {
+	mu         sync.Mutex
+	flow       OAuthFlow
+	info       AuthFlowInfo
+	expiresAt  time.Time
+	waitCancel context.CancelFunc
+}
+
+// NewPendingFlow returns an empty PendingFlow ready to be populated by Set.
+func NewPendingFlow() *PendingFlow {
+	return &PendingFlow{}
+}
+
+// Set stores the flow and its authorization info, computing the absolute
+// expiry from info.ExpiresIn (seconds, as returned by the IdP).
+func (p *PendingFlow) Set(flow OAuthFlow, info AuthFlowInfo) {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
+	p.flow = flow
+	p.info = info
+	p.expiresAt = time.Now().Add(time.Duration(info.ExpiresIn) * time.Second)
+}
+
+// Get returns the stored flow, info, and whether a flow is currently
+// pending. Returns (nil, zero, false) after Clear or before Set.
+func (p *PendingFlow) Get() (OAuthFlow, AuthFlowInfo, bool) {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
+	if p.flow == nil {
+		return nil, AuthFlowInfo{}, false
+	}
+	return p.flow, p.info, true
+}
+
+// ExpiresAt returns the absolute expiry of the pending flow. Returns
+// the zero time when no flow is pending.
+func (p *PendingFlow) ExpiresAt() time.Time {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
+	return p.expiresAt
+}
+
+// SetWaitCancel records the cancel function for the goroutine currently
+// blocked in WaitToken so a new RequestAuth can preempt it.
+func (p *PendingFlow) SetWaitCancel(cancel context.CancelFunc) {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
+	p.waitCancel = cancel
+}
+
+// CancelWait invokes and clears the stored wait-cancel, if any. Safe to
+// call when no wait is in progress.
+func (p *PendingFlow) CancelWait() {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	cancel := p.waitCancel
+	p.waitCancel = nil
+	p.mu.Unlock()
+	if cancel != nil {
+		cancel()
+	}
+}
+
+// Clear resets the pending flow to empty. Any stored wait-cancel is
+// dropped without being invoked — call CancelWait first if the waiting
+// goroutine must be stopped.
+func (p *PendingFlow) Clear() {
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
+	p.flow = nil
+	p.info = AuthFlowInfo{}
+	p.expiresAt = time.Time{}
+	p.waitCancel = nil
+}

client/internal/auth/sessionwatch/event.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package sessionwatch
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// internal event kinds are no longer exposed: the watcher drives the Sink
+// directly (NotifyStateChange on deadline change/clear, PublishEvent at
+// each warning lead). Tests use a mock Sink to observe what the watcher
+// emits.
+
+// Metadata keys attached by the daemon to session-warning SystemEvents.
+// The UI tray reads these to build a locale-aware notification without
+// relying on the daemon's locale-less UserMessage string, and to
+// disambiguate the T-WarningLead notification from the T-FinalWarningLead
+// fallback that auto-opens the SessionAboutToExpire dialog.
+const (
+	// MetaSessionWarning is set to "true" on both warning events (T-10 and
+	// T-2) so the UI can detect a session-warning SystemEvent without
+	// matching on the message text. Use MetaSessionFinal to distinguish
+	// the two.
+	MetaSessionWarning = "session_warning"
+	// MetaSessionFinal is set to "true" on the T-FinalWarningLead event
+	// only. Consumers that need to auto-open the SessionAboutToExpire
+	// dialog gate on this; T-WarningLead events leave the field unset.
+	MetaSessionFinal = "session_final_warning"
+	// MetaSessionExpiresAt carries the absolute UTC deadline encoded with
+	// FormatExpiresAt; consumers must decode with ParseExpiresAt so a
+	// future format change stays a single edit.
+	MetaSessionExpiresAt = "session_expires_at"
+	// MetaSessionLeadMinutes carries the lead in whole minutes (WarningLead
+	// for the T-10 event, FinalWarningLead for the T-2 event) so the UI
+	// can show "expires in ~N minutes" without hardcoding either constant.
+	MetaSessionLeadMinutes = "lead_minutes"
+)
+
+// expiresAtLayout is the wire format used for MetaSessionExpiresAt.
+// Producer and consumers both go through FormatExpiresAt/ParseExpiresAt
+// so this layout stays a single source of truth.
+const expiresAtLayout = time.RFC3339
+
+// FormatExpiresAt encodes a deadline for MetaSessionExpiresAt. Always
+// emits UTC so a consumer in another timezone reads the same wall-clock
+// deadline.
+func FormatExpiresAt(t time.Time) string {
+	return t.UTC().Format(expiresAtLayout)
+}
+
+// ParseExpiresAt decodes the MetaSessionExpiresAt value back to a UTC
+// time. Returns an error when the field is empty or malformed; the
+// caller decides whether to fall back (zero value) or propagate.
+func ParseExpiresAt(s string) (time.Time, error) {
+	t, err := time.Parse(expiresAtLayout, s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, err
+	}
+	return t.UTC(), nil
+}
+
+// FormatLeadMinutes encodes a lead duration for MetaSessionLeadMinutes
+// as the integer count of whole minutes. Sub-minute residuals are
+// truncated — the field is informational ("expires in ~N minutes") and
+// fractional minutes don't change what the UI displays.
+func FormatLeadMinutes(d time.Duration) string {
+	return strconv.Itoa(int(d / time.Minute))
+}
+
+// ParseLeadMinutes decodes a MetaSessionLeadMinutes value. Returns 0
+// and the parse error for malformed input; consumers that prefer a
+// silent fallback can simply ignore the error.
+func ParseLeadMinutes(s string) (int, error) {
+	return strconv.Atoi(s)
+}

client/internal/auth/sessionwatch/watcher.go

@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+// Package sessionwatch tracks the SSO session expiry deadline that the
+// management server publishes via LoginResponse / SyncResponse and fires
+// two warning events at fixed lead times before expiry: an interactive
+// T-WarningLead notification and a dismiss-gated T-FinalWarningLead
+// fallback dialog.
+//
+// The watcher is idempotent: Update may be called as often as the network
+// map snapshots arrive. Repeating the same deadline is a no-op; a new
+// deadline reschedules the timers and arms a fresh warning cycle.
+//
+// Warning firing is edge-detected. Each unique deadline value fires each
+// warning callback at most once.
+package sessionwatch
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+)
+
+const (
+	// Skew tolerates a small clock difference between the management
+	// server and this peer before treating a deadline as "in the past".
+	// Slightly above typical NTP drift; tight enough that the UI doesn't
+	// paint a stale expiry as if it were valid.
+	Skew = 30 * time.Second
+
+	// maxDeadlineHorizon caps how far in the future an accepted deadline
+	// can sit. A timestamp beyond this is almost certainly a protocol
+	// glitch, and silently arming a 100-year timer would hide the bug.
+	maxDeadlineHorizon = 10 * 365 * 24 * time.Hour
+
+	// WarningLead is how far before expiry the first (interactive)
+	// warning fires. Drives the T-10 OS notification with
+	// Extend/Dismiss actions.
+	WarningLead = 10 * time.Minute
+
+	// FinalWarningLead is how far before expiry the fallback final
+	// warning fires. Drives the auto-opened SessionAboutToExpire dialog,
+	// but only when the user has not dismissed the T-WarningLead warning
+	// for the same deadline. Must be strictly less than WarningLead.
+	FinalWarningLead = 2 * time.Minute
+)
+
+var (
+	// ErrDeadlineBeforeEpoch is returned by Update when the supplied
+	// deadline pre-dates 1970-01-01.
+	ErrDeadlineBeforeEpoch = errors.New("session deadline before unix epoch")
+
+	// ErrDeadlineTooFarFuture is returned by Update when the supplied
+	// deadline is more than maxDeadlineHorizon in the future.
+	ErrDeadlineTooFarFuture = errors.New("session deadline too far in the future")
+
+	// ErrDeadlineInPast is returned by Update when the supplied deadline
+	// is more than Skew in the past.
+	ErrDeadlineInPast = errors.New("session deadline in the past")
+)
+
+// StatusRecorder is the side-effect surface the watcher drives on every
+// state transition. Production wires this to peer.Status (SetSessionExpiresAt
+// for deadline change/clear, PublishEvent for the two warnings); tests pass
+// a fake recorder so the same surface is observable without an engine.
+//
+// The watcher is the single owner of the deadline propagated to the
+// recorder: every set, clear, sanity-check rejection and Close routes the
+// value through SetSessionExpiresAt, so the SubscribeStatus snapshot the UI
+// reads can never drift from the watcher's timer state. (SetSessionExpiresAt
+// fans out its own state-change notification, so no separate notify is
+// needed.) The recorder is server-scoped and outlives this engine-scoped
+// watcher — without the Close-time clear a teardown (Down, or the Down+Up of
+// a profile switch) would leave the next session showing the previous one's
+// stale "expires in" value.
+//
+// PublishEvent's signature mirrors peer.Status.PublishEvent: the watcher
+// composes the metadata internally so the wire format (MetaSession*) is
+// owned by sessionwatch, not the caller.
+type StatusRecorder interface {
+	SetSessionExpiresAt(deadline time.Time)
+	PublishEvent(
+		severity cProto.SystemEvent_Severity,
+		category cProto.SystemEvent_Category,
+		message string,
+		userMessage string,
+		metadata map[string]string,
+	)
+}
+
+// Watcher observes the latest session deadline and fires two warnings
+// before it expires: the interactive T-WarningLead notification, and the
+// fallback T-FinalWarningLead dialog (suppressed when the user dismissed
+// the first one for the same deadline). Safe for concurrent use.
+type Watcher struct {
+	lead      time.Duration
+	finalLead time.Duration
+
+	mu           sync.Mutex
+	current      time.Time
+	timer        *time.Timer
+	finalTimer   *time.Timer
+	firedAt      time.Time // deadline value the T-WarningLead callback last fired against
+	finalFiredAt time.Time // deadline value the T-FinalWarningLead callback last fired against
+	dismissedAt  time.Time // deadline value the user dismissed via Dismiss(); gates fireFinal
+	closed       bool
+	recorder     StatusRecorder
+}
+
+// New returns a watcher with the package defaults WarningLead and
+// FinalWarningLead. Pass nil for recorder to silence side effects (handy
+// in unit tests that exercise sanity checks without observing the publish
+// path).
+func New(recorder StatusRecorder) *Watcher {
+	return NewWithLeads(WarningLead, FinalWarningLead, recorder)
+}
+
+// NewWithLeads returns a watcher with custom lead times. Useful for tests.
+// final must be strictly less than lead; otherwise both timers fire in the
+// wrong order or simultaneously and the UI flow breaks. A zero final lead
+// disables the final-warning timer entirely (see armTimerLocked) so a
+// millisecond-scale deadline doesn't flush both timers in one tick.
+func NewWithLeads(lead, final time.Duration, recorder StatusRecorder) *Watcher {
+	return &Watcher{
+		lead:      lead,
+		finalLead: final,
+		recorder:  recorder,
+	}
+}
+
+// Update sets the latest deadline. Pass the zero time to clear (e.g. when
+// a Sync push from the server omits the field because login expiration
+// was disabled).
+//
+// Same-value updates are no-ops. A different non-zero value cancels any
+// pending timer, resets the "already fired" guard, and arms a new one.
+//
+// Returns one of the sentinel Err* values when the deadline fails the
+// sanity checks (pre-epoch, far future, or in the past beyond Skew).
+// In every error case the watcher first clears its state so it stays
+// consistent with what the caller will push into its other sinks (e.g.
+// applySessionDeadline forces a zero deadline into the status recorder
+// after a non-nil error).
+func (w *Watcher) Update(deadline time.Time) error {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	if w.closed {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if deadline.IsZero() {
+		w.clearLocked()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	switch {
+	case deadline.Before(time.Unix(0, 0)):
+		w.clearLocked()
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrDeadlineBeforeEpoch, deadline)
+	case deadline.After(now.Add(maxDeadlineHorizon)):
+		w.clearLocked()
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v", ErrDeadlineTooFarFuture, deadline)
+	case deadline.Before(now.Add(-Skew)):
+		w.clearLocked()
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %v (now=%v)", ErrDeadlineInPast, deadline, now)
+	}
+
+	if deadline.Equal(w.current) {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	w.stopTimerLocked()
+	w.current = deadline
+	// Reset every per-deadline guard so a refreshed deadline arms a fresh
+	// warning cycle: both edge triggers and the user Dismiss decision
+	// (the user agreed to the old deadline expiring; a new deadline
+	// restarts the contract).
+	w.firedAt = time.Time{}
+	w.finalFiredAt = time.Time{}
+	w.dismissedAt = time.Time{}
+
+	w.armTimerLocked(deadline)
+	recorder := w.recorder
+	w.mu.Unlock()
+	if recorder != nil {
+		recorder.SetSessionExpiresAt(deadline)
+	}
+	log.Infof("auth session deadline set to: %s (in %s)", deadline.Format(time.RFC3339), time.Until(deadline).Round(time.Second))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Deadline returns the most recently observed deadline. Zero when no
+// deadline is currently tracked.
+func (w *Watcher) Deadline() time.Time {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	defer w.mu.Unlock()
+	return w.current
+}
+
+// Dismiss records the user's "Dismiss" action against the current deadline
+// and suppresses the upcoming final-warning callback for that deadline.
+// Idempotent: repeated calls are no-ops. A subsequent Update with a fresh
+// deadline resets the dismissal so the final-warning cycle re-arms.
+//
+// No-op when the watcher holds no deadline or has been closed.
+func (w *Watcher) Dismiss() {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	defer w.mu.Unlock()
+	if w.closed || w.current.IsZero() {
+		return
+	}
+	if w.dismissedAt.Equal(w.current) {
+		return
+	}
+	w.dismissedAt = w.current
+	// Cancel the armed final-warning timer eagerly. fireFinal would also
+	// gate on dismissedAt, but stopping the timer avoids a wakeup with
+	// nothing to do and makes the intent visible.
+	if w.finalTimer != nil {
+		w.finalTimer.Stop()
+		w.finalTimer = nil
+	}
+	log.Infof("auth session final-warning dismissed for deadline %s", w.current.Format(time.RFC3339))
+}
+
+// Close stops any pending timer and drops the deadline on the status
+// recorder. Update calls after Close are ignored. Clearing the recorder
+// here is what keeps a teardown (Down, or the Down+Up of a profile switch)
+// from leaving the next session showing this one's stale "expires in"
+// value — the recorder is server-scoped and outlives this engine-scoped
+// watcher, so nothing else drops the anchor on teardown.
+func (w *Watcher) Close() {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	if w.closed {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	w.closed = true
+	w.stopTimerLocked()
+	hadDeadline := !w.current.IsZero()
+	w.current = time.Time{}
+	w.firedAt = time.Time{}
+	w.finalFiredAt = time.Time{}
+	w.dismissedAt = time.Time{}
+	recorder := w.recorder
+	w.mu.Unlock()
+	if recorder != nil && hadDeadline {
+		recorder.SetSessionExpiresAt(time.Time{})
+	}
+}
+
+// clearLocked drops the tracked deadline and notifies the recorder so
+// downstream consumers (SubscribeStatus stream, UI) drop their anchor.
+// The caller must hold w.mu; this helper releases it before invoking
+// the recorder.
+func (w *Watcher) clearLocked() {
+	if w.current.IsZero() {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	w.stopTimerLocked()
+	w.current = time.Time{}
+	w.firedAt = time.Time{}
+	w.finalFiredAt = time.Time{}
+	w.dismissedAt = time.Time{}
+	recorder := w.recorder
+	w.mu.Unlock()
+	if recorder != nil {
+		recorder.SetSessionExpiresAt(time.Time{})
+	}
+	log.Infof("auth session deadline cleared")
+}
+
+func (w *Watcher) stopTimerLocked() {
+	if w.timer != nil {
+		w.timer.Stop()
+		w.timer = nil
+	}
+	if w.finalTimer != nil {
+		w.finalTimer.Stop()
+		w.finalTimer = nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *Watcher) armTimerLocked(deadline time.Time) {
+	w.timer = armOneShotLocked(deadline.Add(-w.lead), func() { w.fire(deadline) })
+	// finalLead <= 0 disables the final-warning timer entirely. Used by
+	// tests that predate the final-warning fallback so a millisecond-scale
+	// deadline does not flush both timers at once.
+	if w.finalLead > 0 {
+		w.finalTimer = armOneShotLocked(deadline.Add(-w.finalLead), func() { w.fireFinal(deadline) })
+	}
+}
+
+func (w *Watcher) fire(armedFor time.Time) {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	if w.closed || !w.current.Equal(armedFor) {
+		// Deadline moved while we were waiting (e.g. a successful extend).
+		// The reschedule path armed a fresh timer; this one is stale.
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	if !w.firedAt.IsZero() && w.firedAt.Equal(armedFor) {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	w.firedAt = armedFor
+	recorder := w.recorder
+	w.mu.Unlock()
+	if recorder == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	log.Infof("auth session expiry soon warning fired")
+	publishWarning(recorder, armedFor, false)
+}
+
+// fireFinal mirrors fire for the T-FinalWarningLead timer with an extra
+// dismiss-gate: if the user dismissed the T-WarningLead notification for
+// this deadline, the final warning is suppressed entirely.
+func (w *Watcher) fireFinal(armedFor time.Time) {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	if w.closed || !w.current.Equal(armedFor) {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	if !w.finalFiredAt.IsZero() && w.finalFiredAt.Equal(armedFor) {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	if w.dismissedAt.Equal(armedFor) {
+		w.mu.Unlock()
+		log.Infof("auth session final-warning skipped (dismissed by user)")
+		return
+	}
+	w.finalFiredAt = armedFor
+	recorder := w.recorder
+	w.mu.Unlock()
+	if recorder == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	log.Infof("auth session final-warning fired")
+	publishWarning(recorder, armedFor, true)
+}
+
+// armOneShotLocked schedules cb at fireAt. When fireAt is already in the
+// past it dispatches on the next scheduler tick so a state-change recorder
+// notification (invoked after w.mu is released) lands first. Caller must
+// hold w.mu.
+func armOneShotLocked(fireAt time.Time, cb func()) *time.Timer {
+	delay := time.Until(fireAt)
+	if delay <= 0 {
+		return time.AfterFunc(0, cb)
+	}
+	return time.AfterFunc(delay, cb)
+}
+
+// publishWarning composes the SystemEvent for a watcher-fired warning and
+// pushes it through the recorder. Severity is CRITICAL on both — bypassing
+// the user's Notifications toggle is deliberate: missing the warning
+// window forces the post-mortem SessionExpired flow (tunnel torn down,
+// lock icon, manual re-login), which is the UX we are trying to avoid.
+func publishWarning(recorder StatusRecorder, deadline time.Time, final bool) {
+	lead := WarningLead
+	message := "session expiry warning"
+	meta := map[string]string{
+		MetaSessionWarning:   "true",
+		MetaSessionExpiresAt: FormatExpiresAt(deadline),
+	}
+	if final {
+		lead = FinalWarningLead
+		message = "session expiry final warning"
+		meta[MetaSessionFinal] = "true"
+	}
+	meta[MetaSessionLeadMinutes] = FormatLeadMinutes(lead)
+
+	recorder.PublishEvent(
+		cProto.SystemEvent_CRITICAL,
+		cProto.SystemEvent_AUTHENTICATION,
+		message,
+		"",
+		meta,
+	)
+}

client/internal/auth/sessionwatch/watcher_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+package sessionwatch
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+)
+
+// fakeRecorder satisfies StatusRecorder and records every call so tests
+// can observe what the watcher emits. SetSessionExpiresAt and PublishEvent
+// land in the same ordered events slice (with the Kind distinguishing
+// them) so tests that care about ordering still work. lastDeadline holds
+// the most recent value passed to SetSessionExpiresAt so tests can assert
+// the recorder ended up cleared/set as expected.
+type fakeRecorder struct {
+	mu           sync.Mutex
+	events       []event
+	lastDeadline time.Time
+}
+
+type eventKind int
+
+const (
+	stateChange eventKind = iota
+	publish
+)
+
+type event struct {
+	kind eventKind
+	// Set only for publish events.
+	severity cProto.SystemEvent_Severity
+	category cProto.SystemEvent_Category
+	message  string
+	meta     map[string]string
+}
+
+// SetSessionExpiresAt mirrors peer.Status: a same-value write is a no-op,
+// a real change records the new value and fans out a state-change (the
+// production recorder calls notifyStateChange internally). The baseline
+// is the zero time, so an initial clear before any deadline is set emits
+// nothing — matching the real recorder.
+func (r *fakeRecorder) SetSessionExpiresAt(deadline time.Time) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	if r.lastDeadline.Equal(deadline) {
+		return
+	}
+	r.lastDeadline = deadline
+	r.events = append(r.events, event{kind: stateChange})
+}
+
+func (r *fakeRecorder) deadline() time.Time {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	return r.lastDeadline
+}
+
+func (r *fakeRecorder) PublishEvent(
+	severity cProto.SystemEvent_Severity,
+	category cProto.SystemEvent_Category,
+	message string,
+	_ string,
+	metadata map[string]string,
+) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	r.events = append(r.events, event{
+		kind:     publish,
+		severity: severity,
+		category: category,
+		message:  message,
+		meta:     metadata,
+	})
+}
+
+func (r *fakeRecorder) snapshot() []event {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	out := make([]event, len(r.events))
+	copy(out, r.events)
+	return out
+}
+
+func (e event) isFinalWarning() bool {
+	return e.kind == publish && e.meta[MetaSessionFinal] == "true"
+}
+
+func (e event) isWarning() bool {
+	return e.kind == publish && e.meta[MetaSessionWarning] == "true" && e.meta[MetaSessionFinal] != "true"
+}
+
+func countWhere(events []event, pred func(event) bool) int {
+	n := 0
+	for _, e := range events {
+		if pred(e) {
+			n++
+		}
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+func waitForEvents(t *testing.T, r *fakeRecorder, want int) []event {
+	t.Helper()
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		if got := r.snapshot(); len(got) >= want {
+			return got
+		}
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	got := r.snapshot()
+	t.Fatalf("timed out waiting for %d events, got %d: %+v", want, len(got), got)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// newWatcher builds a watcher with the final timer disabled (finalLead=0),
+// matching the lead-only behaviour the pre-final-warning tests assume.
+func newWatcher(lead time.Duration, r *fakeRecorder) *Watcher {
+	return NewWithLeads(lead, 0, r)
+}
+
+func TestUpdateZeroBeforeAnythingIsNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	_ = w.Update(time.Time{})
+
+	if got := r.snapshot(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no events on initial zero, got %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateNonZeroFiresStateChange(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 1)
+	if events[0].kind != stateChange {
+		t.Fatalf("expected stateChange, got %+v", events[0])
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().Equal(d) {
+		t.Fatalf("deadline mismatch: %v vs %v", w.Deadline(), d)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSameDeadlineIsNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 1)
+	if len(events) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly 1 event for repeated same deadline, got %d: %+v", len(events), events)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWarningFiresOnceWithinLeadWindow(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	lead := 50 * time.Millisecond
+	w := newWatcher(lead, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	// Deadline 80ms out — warning should fire after ~30ms.
+	d := time.Now().Add(80 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 2)
+	if events[0].kind != stateChange {
+		t.Fatalf("event[0] should be stateChange, got %+v", events[0])
+	}
+	if !events[1].isWarning() {
+		t.Fatalf("event[1] should be a warning publish, got %+v", events[1])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestWarningFiresImmediatelyWhenAlreadyInsideWindow(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(time.Hour, r) // lead > delta => fire immediately
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 2)
+	if !events[1].isWarning() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected immediate warning publish, got %+v", events[1])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewDeadlineCancelsPriorTimer(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	lead := 50 * time.Millisecond
+	w := newWatcher(lead, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	first := time.Now().Add(80 * time.Millisecond) // would fire warning ~30ms in
+	_ = w.Update(first)
+
+	// Replace with a far-future deadline before the warning fires.
+	time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+	second := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	_ = w.Update(second)
+
+	// Wait past when first's warning would have fired.
+	time.Sleep(80 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if n := countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isWarning); n != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("warning fired for cancelled deadline: %+v", r.snapshot())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRefreshAfterFireArmsNewWarning(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	lead := 30 * time.Millisecond
+	w := newWatcher(lead, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	first := time.Now().Add(50 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(first)
+
+	// Wait for stateChange + warning of the first cycle.
+	waitForEvents(t, r, 2)
+
+	// Simulate a successful extend: brand new deadline.
+	second := time.Now().Add(60 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(second)
+
+	// 4 events total: stateChange, warning (first), stateChange, warning (second).
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 4)
+	if events[2].kind != stateChange {
+		t.Fatalf("event[2] should be stateChange for the new deadline, got %+v", events[2])
+	}
+	if !events[3].isWarning() {
+		t.Fatalf("event[3] should be a warning publish for the new deadline, got %+v", events[3])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateZeroAfterNonZeroClearsState(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(time.Hour, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(2 * time.Hour)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+	waitForEvents(t, r, 1)
+
+	_ = w.Update(time.Time{})
+
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 2)
+	if events[1].kind != stateChange {
+		t.Fatalf("expected stateChange on clear, got %+v", events[1])
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("Deadline should be zero after clear")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateRejectsBeforeEpoch(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	good := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	if err := w.Update(good); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed Update: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err := w.Update(time.Unix(-100, 0))
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrDeadlineBeforeEpoch) {
+		t.Fatalf("want ErrDeadlineBeforeEpoch, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("rejected pre-epoch update must clear deadline; got %v", w.Deadline())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateRejectsTooFarFuture(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	good := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	if err := w.Update(good); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed Update: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	err := w.Update(time.Now().Add(50 * 365 * 24 * time.Hour))
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrDeadlineTooFarFuture) {
+		t.Fatalf("want ErrDeadlineTooFarFuture, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("rejected far-future update must clear deadline; got %v", w.Deadline())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateInPastClearsDeadline(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	good := time.Now().Add(time.Hour)
+	if err := w.Update(good); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed Update: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Drain the stateChange from the seed.
+	waitForEvents(t, r, 1)
+
+	err := w.Update(time.Now().Add(-1 * time.Hour))
+	if !errors.Is(err, ErrDeadlineInPast) {
+		t.Fatalf("want ErrDeadlineInPast, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("in-past update must clear the deadline, got %v", w.Deadline())
+	}
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 2)
+	if events[1].kind != stateChange {
+		t.Fatalf("expected stateChange on clear, got %+v", events[1])
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUpdateWithinSkewAccepted(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	// 5 seconds in the past is within the 30s Skew tolerance — accept it.
+	d := time.Now().Add(-5 * time.Second)
+	if err := w.Update(d); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("within-skew Update should succeed, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if !w.Deadline().Equal(d) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected deadline to be applied, got %v want %v", w.Deadline(), d)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCloseSilencesUpdates(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(50*time.Millisecond, r)
+	w.Close()
+
+	_ = w.Update(time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
+
+	time.Sleep(20 * time.Millisecond)
+	if got := r.snapshot(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no events after Close, got %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCloseClearsRecorderDeadline pins the profile-switch fix: a watcher
+// holding a live deadline must zero the recorder on Close so the next
+// engine's watcher (and the UI reading the shared server-scoped recorder)
+// doesn't start out showing the previous session's stale "expires in".
+func TestCloseClearsRecorderDeadline(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(time.Hour, r)
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(2 * time.Hour)
+	if err := w.Update(d); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed Update: %v", err)
+	}
+	if got := r.deadline(); !got.Equal(d) {
+		t.Fatalf("recorder deadline after Update = %v, want %v", got, d)
+	}
+
+	w.Close()
+
+	if got := r.deadline(); !got.IsZero() {
+		t.Fatalf("recorder deadline after Close = %v, want zero", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestCloseWithoutDeadlineLeavesRecorderUntouched guards the symmetric
+// case: closing a watcher that never held a deadline must not emit a
+// redundant clear (the recorder may legitimately hold a value written by
+// some other path; the watcher only owns what it set).
+func TestCloseWithoutDeadlineLeavesRecorderUntouched(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := newWatcher(time.Hour, r)
+
+	w.Close()
+
+	if got := r.snapshot(); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no events from Close on an empty watcher, got %+v", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFinalWarningFiresAfterRegularWarning(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	// Warning fires at deadline-80ms, final at deadline-30ms.
+	w := NewWithLeads(80*time.Millisecond, 30*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	// Expect stateChange + warning + final-warning.
+	events := waitForEvents(t, r, 3)
+
+	if countWhere(events, func(e event) bool { return e.kind == stateChange }) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly 1 stateChange, got %+v", events)
+	}
+	if countWhere(events, event.isWarning) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly 1 warning publish, got %+v", events)
+	}
+	if countWhere(events, event.isFinalWarning) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected exactly 1 final-warning publish, got %+v", events)
+	}
+
+	// Warning must precede final (same deadline, longer lead fires first).
+	var wIdx, fIdx int
+	for i, e := range events {
+		switch {
+		case e.isWarning():
+			wIdx = i
+		case e.isFinalWarning():
+			fIdx = i
+		}
+	}
+	if wIdx > fIdx {
+		t.Fatalf("warning must publish before final-warning, got order %+v", events)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDismissSuppressesFinalWarning(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := NewWithLeads(80*time.Millisecond, 30*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	// Wait for the warning publish so we know we're inside the warning
+	// window, then dismiss before the final timer would fire.
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		if countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isWarning) >= 1 {
+			break
+		}
+		time.Sleep(2 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	if countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isWarning) < 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("warning did not publish in time, events=%+v", r.snapshot())
+	}
+
+	w.Dismiss()
+
+	// Now wait past when the final would have fired.
+	time.Sleep(120 * time.Millisecond)
+
+	if n := countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isFinalWarning); n != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("final-warning published after Dismiss(), events=%+v", r.snapshot())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDismissResetByNewDeadline(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := NewWithLeads(80*time.Millisecond, 30*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	first := time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(first)
+
+	// Dismiss against the first deadline.
+	w.Dismiss()
+
+	// Replace with a fresh deadline before the first's timers complete.
+	time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+	second := time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(second)
+
+	// The second cycle must publish a final-warning (the dismiss state
+	// did not carry over).
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		if countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isFinalWarning) >= 1 {
+			break
+		}
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	if countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isFinalWarning) < 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("final-warning did not publish on fresh deadline after Dismiss reset, events=%+v", r.snapshot())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDismissBeforeUpdateIsNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &fakeRecorder{}
+	w := NewWithLeads(80*time.Millisecond, 30*time.Millisecond, r)
+	defer w.Close()
+
+	// No deadline tracked yet; Dismiss must be a no-op (no panic, no state).
+	w.Dismiss()
+
+	d := time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	_ = w.Update(d)
+
+	// Final warning should still publish — Dismiss only acts on the current
+	// deadline, and there was none at the time of the call.
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond)
+	for time.Now().Before(deadline) {
+		if countWhere(r.snapshot(), event.isFinalWarning) >= 1 {
+			return
+		}
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+	}
+	t.Fatalf("final-warning did not publish after no-op pre-Update Dismiss, events=%+v", r.snapshot())
+}

client/internal/connect.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"runtime/debug"
 	"strings"
@@ -257,6 +256,15 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan
 		log.Debugf("connecting to the Management service %s", c.config.ManagementURL.Host)
 		mgmClient, err := mgm.NewClient(engineCtx, c.config.ManagementURL.Host, myPrivateKey, mgmTlsEnabled)
 		if err != nil {
+			// On daemon shutdown / Down() the parent context is cancelled
+			// and the dial fails with "context canceled". Wrapping that
+			// into state would leave the snapshot stuck at Connecting+err
+			// until the backoff loop wakes up — instead let the operation
+			// return cleanly so the deferred state.Set(StatusIdle) takes
+			// effect on the next iteration.
+			if c.ctx.Err() != nil {
+				return nil
+			}
 			return wrapErr(gstatus.Errorf(codes.FailedPrecondition, "failed connecting to Management Service : %s", err))
 		}
 		mgmNotifier := statusRecorderToMgmConnStateNotifier(c.statusRecorder)
@@ -347,11 +355,6 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan
 			return wrapErr(err)
 		}
 		engineConfig.TempDir = mobileDependency.TempDir
-		// Leave StateDir empty when there is no state path so a disk-backed
-		// syncstore falls back to os.TempDir() instead of filepath.Dir("") == ".".
-		if path != "" {
-			engineConfig.StateDir = filepath.Dir(path)
-		}
 
 		relayManager := relayClient.NewManager(engineCtx, relayURLs, myPrivateKey.PublicKey().String(), engineConfig.MTU)
 		c.statusRecorder.SetRelayMgr(relayManager)
@@ -390,6 +393,10 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan
 			return wrapErr(err)
 		}
 
+		// Seed the session-expiry deadline from the LoginResponse. Subsequent
+		// changes flow in through SyncResponse and are applied in handleSync.
+		engine.ApplySessionDeadline(loginResp.GetSessionExpiresAt())
+
 		log.Infof("Netbird engine started, the IP is: %s", peerConfig.GetAddress())
 		state.Set(StatusConnected)
 
@@ -430,7 +437,11 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan
 	}
 
 	c.statusRecorder.ClientStart()
-	err = backoff.Retry(operation, backOff)
+	// Wrap the backoff with c.ctx so Down()/actCancel propagates into the
+	// inter-attempt sleep — otherwise a 15s MaxInterval can keep the retry
+	// loop alive long after the caller asked to give up, leaving the
+	// status stream stuck at Connecting.
+	err = backoff.Retry(operation, backoff.WithContext(backOff, c.ctx))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Debugf("exiting client retry loop due to unrecoverable error: %s", err)
 		if s, ok := gstatus.FromError(err); ok && (s.Code() == codes.PermissionDenied) {

client/internal/dns/server_test.go

@@ -900,7 +900,7 @@ func createWgInterfaceWithBind(t *testing.T) (*iface.WGIface, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	pf, err := uspfilter.Create(uspfilter.Config{IFace: wgIface, FlowLogger: flowLogger, MTU: iface.DefaultMTU})
+	pf, err := uspfilter.Create(wgIface, false, flowLogger, iface.DefaultMTU)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create uspfilter: %v", err)
 		return nil, err

client/internal/dnsfwd/manager.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package dnsfwd
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"strconv"
@@ -159,13 +160,12 @@ func (m *Manager) allowDNSFirewall() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	anyV4 := []netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)}
-	dnsRule, err := m.firewall.AddFilterRule(nil, anyV4, firewall.Network{}, firewall.ProtocolUDP, nil, dport, firewall.ActionAccept)
+	dnsRules, err := m.firewall.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0}, firewall.ProtocolUDP, nil, dport, firewall.ActionAccept, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("add udp firewall rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	tcpRule, err := m.firewall.AddFilterRule(nil, anyV4, firewall.Network{}, firewall.ProtocolTCP, nil, dport, firewall.ActionAccept)
+	tcpRules, err := m.firewall.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0}, firewall.ProtocolTCP, nil, dport, firewall.ActionAccept, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("add tcp firewall rule: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -174,12 +174,8 @@ func (m *Manager) allowDNSFirewall() error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("flush: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if dnsRule != nil {
-		m.fwRules = []firewall.Rule{dnsRule}
-	}
-	if tcpRule != nil {
-		m.tcpRules = []firewall.Rule{tcpRule}
-	}
+	m.fwRules = dnsRules
+	m.tcpRules = tcpRules
 
 	m.registerNetstackServices()
 
@@ -213,12 +209,12 @@ func (m *Manager) unregisterNetstackServices() {
 func (m *Manager) dropDNSFirewall() error {
 	var mErr *multierror.Error
 	for _, rule := range m.fwRules {
-		if err := m.firewall.DeleteFilterRule(rule); err != nil {
+		if err := m.firewall.DeletePeerRule(rule); err != nil {
 			mErr = multierror.Append(mErr, fmt.Errorf("failed to delete DNS router rules, err: %v", err))
 		}
 	}
 	for _, rule := range m.tcpRules {
-		if err := m.firewall.DeleteFilterRule(rule); err != nil {
+		if err := m.firewall.DeletePeerRule(rule); err != nil {
 			mErr = multierror.Append(mErr, fmt.Errorf("failed to delete DNS router rules, err: %v", err))
 		}
 	}

client/internal/engine.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 
 	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall"
@@ -55,7 +56,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/systemops"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/syncstore"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/updater"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/jobexec"
 	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
@@ -148,10 +148,6 @@ type EngineConfig struct {
 
 	LogPath string
 	TempDir string
-
-	// StateDir is the directory holding the state file. The sync response
-	// (network map) is serialized here on platforms that persist it to disk.
-	StateDir string
 }
 
 // EngineServices holds the external service dependencies required by the Engine.
@@ -230,15 +226,10 @@ type Engine struct {
 
 	afpacketCapture *capture.AFPacketCapture
 
-	// Sync response persistence (protected by syncRespMux).
-	// syncStore is nil unless persistence has been enabled; its presence is
-	// what marks persistence as active. The backend (disk or memory) is
-	// selected per-platform; see the syncstore package. syncStoreDir is where
-	// a disk-backed store serializes to.
-	syncRespMux  sync.RWMutex
-	syncStore    syncstore.Store
-	syncStoreDir string
-
+	// Sync response persistence (protected by syncRespMux)
+	syncRespMux         sync.RWMutex
+	persistSyncResponse bool
+	latestSyncResponse  *mgmProto.SyncResponse
 	flowManager         nftypes.FlowManager
 
 	// auto-update
@@ -259,6 +250,20 @@ type Engine struct {
 	jobExecutorWG sync.WaitGroup
 
 	exposeManager *expose.Manager
+
+	sessionWatcher sessionDeadlineWatcher
+}
+
+// sessionDeadlineWatcher is the engine-facing surface of the SSO session
+// expiry watcher. The concrete implementation (sessionwatch.Watcher) is wired
+// in via newSessionWatcher, which is build-tagged so the js/wasm build links a
+// no-op stub instead of pulling the full sessionwatch package (and its timer
+// machinery) into the binary — the wasm client never runs the engine's
+// session-warning flow.
+type sessionDeadlineWatcher interface {
+	Update(deadline time.Time) error
+	Dismiss()
+	Close()
 }
 
 // Peer is an instance of the Connection Peer
@@ -301,8 +306,18 @@ func NewEngine(
 		jobExecutor:        jobexec.NewExecutor(),
 		clientMetrics:      services.ClientMetrics,
 		updateManager:      services.UpdateManager,
-		syncStoreDir:       config.StateDir,
 	}
+	// sessionWatcher keeps the SubscribeStatus consumers in sync with the
+	// session expiry deadline. Deadline-change ticks come for free via
+	// Status.SetSessionExpiresAt; the watcher exists to push a wake-up at
+	// T-WarningLead and T-FinalWarningLead so the UI repaints the remaining
+	// time / warning state even when nothing else changed, and to publish
+	// two SystemEvents (the warning composition lives in sessionwatch so
+	// the wire format stays owned by one package):
+	//   - T-WarningLead   → interactive "Extend now / Dismiss" notification
+	//   - T-FinalWarningLead → auto-opened SessionAboutToExpire dialog,
+	//     suppressed when the user dismissed the earlier warning
+	engine.sessionWatcher = newSessionWatcher(engine.statusRecorder)
 
 	log.Infof("I am: %s", config.WgPrivateKey.PublicKey().String())
 	return engine
@@ -343,6 +358,10 @@ func (e *Engine) Stop() error {
 		e.srWatcher.Close()
 	}
 
+	if e.sessionWatcher != nil {
+		e.sessionWatcher.Close()
+	}
+
 	if e.updateManager != nil {
 		e.updateManager.SetDownloadOnly()
 	}
@@ -650,14 +669,14 @@ func (e *Engine) initFirewall() error {
 	port := firewallManager.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(rosenpassPort)}}
 
 	// IPv4-only: rosenpass peers connect via AllowedIps[0] which is always v4.
-	if _, err := e.firewall.AddFilterRule(
+	if _, err := e.firewall.AddPeerFiltering(
 		nil,
-		[]netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)},
-		firewallManager.Network{},
+		net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0},
 		firewallManager.ProtocolUDP,
 		nil,
 		&port,
 		firewallManager.ActionAccept,
+		"",
 	); err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to allow rosenpass interface traffic: %v", err)
 		return nil
@@ -707,7 +726,7 @@ func (e *Engine) blockLanAccess() {
 		if network.Addr().Is6() {
 			source = v6
 		}
-		if _, err := e.firewall.AddFilterRule(
+		if _, err := e.firewall.AddRouteFiltering(
 			nil,
 			[]netip.Prefix{source},
 			firewallManager.Network{Prefix: network},
@@ -875,6 +894,8 @@ func (e *Engine) handleSync(update *mgmProto.SyncResponse) error {
 		return e.ctx.Err()
 	}
 
+	e.ApplySessionDeadline(update.GetSessionExpiresAt())
+
 	if update.NetworkMap != nil && update.NetworkMap.PeerConfig != nil {
 		e.handleAutoUpdateVersion(update.NetworkMap.PeerConfig.AutoUpdate)
 	}
@@ -923,19 +944,20 @@ func (e *Engine) handleSync(update *mgmProto.SyncResponse) error {
 	}
 
 	// Persist sync response under the dedicated lock (syncRespMux), not under syncMsgMux.
-	// A non-nil syncStore is what marks persistence as enabled. Hold the lock for
-	// the whole Set so the store cannot be cleared (disabled / engine close)
-	// mid-call and have this write resurrect a file that was just removed.
+	// Read the storage-enabled flag under the syncRespMux too.
 	e.syncRespMux.RLock()
-	if e.syncStore != nil {
-		if err := e.syncStore.Set(update); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to persist sync response: %v", err)
-		} else {
-			log.Debugf("sync response persisted with serial %d", nm.GetSerial())
-		}
-	}
+	enabled := e.persistSyncResponse
 	e.syncRespMux.RUnlock()
 
+	// Store sync response if persistence is enabled
+	if enabled {
+		e.syncRespMux.Lock()
+		e.latestSyncResponse = update
+		e.syncRespMux.Unlock()
+
+		log.Debugf("sync response persisted with serial %d", nm.GetSerial())
+	}
+
 	// only apply new changes and ignore old ones
 	if err := e.updateNetworkMap(nm); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -1151,7 +1173,7 @@ func (e *Engine) handleBundle(params *mgmProto.BundleParameters) (*mgmProto.JobR
 		TempDir:        e.config.TempDir,
 		ClientMetrics:  e.clientMetrics,
 		RefreshStatus: func() {
-			e.RunHealthProbes(true)
+			e.RunHealthProbes(e.ctx, true)
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -1822,18 +1844,6 @@ func (e *Engine) close() {
 	if err := e.portForwardManager.GracefullyStop(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Warnf("failed to gracefully stop port forwarding manager: %s", err)
 	}
-
-	// Drop any persisted sync response so its network map does not linger on
-	// disk after the engine stops (and cannot leak into a later run).
-	e.syncRespMux.Lock()
-	store := e.syncStore
-	e.syncStore = nil
-	e.syncRespMux.Unlock()
-	if store != nil {
-		if err := store.Clear(); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to clear persisted sync response on close: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
 }
 
 func (e *Engine) readInitialSettings() ([]*route.Route, *nbdns.Config, bool, error) {
@@ -2048,7 +2058,20 @@ func (e *Engine) getRosenpassAddr() string {
 
 // RunHealthProbes executes health checks for Signal, Management, Relay, and WireGuard services
 // and updates the status recorder with the latest states.
-func (e *Engine) RunHealthProbes(waitForResult bool) bool {
+//
+// ctx scopes the (potentially slow) STUN/TURN probing: a caller that gives up —
+// e.g. a Status RPC whose client disconnected — cancels its ctx and the probe
+// returns instead of running to its per-component timeout. The engine's own
+// lifetime ctx still applies independently, so an engine shutdown aborts the
+// probe even if the caller's ctx is context.Background().
+func (e *Engine) RunHealthProbes(ctx context.Context, waitForResult bool) bool {
+	// Tie the caller's ctx to the engine lifetime: either cancelling aborts
+	// the probe below.
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+	stop := context.AfterFunc(e.ctx, cancel)
+	defer stop()
+
 	e.syncMsgMux.Lock()
 
 	signalHealthy := e.signal.IsHealthy()
@@ -2071,9 +2094,9 @@ func (e *Engine) RunHealthProbes(waitForResult bool) bool {
 	if runtime.GOOS != "js" {
 		var results []relay.ProbeResult
 		if waitForResult {
-			results = e.probeStunTurn.ProbeAllWaitResult(e.ctx, stuns, turns)
+			results = e.probeStunTurn.ProbeAllWaitResult(ctx, stuns, turns)
 		} else {
-			results = e.probeStunTurn.ProbeAll(e.ctx, stuns, turns)
+			results = e.probeStunTurn.ProbeAll(ctx, stuns, turns)
 		}
 		e.statusRecorder.UpdateRelayStates(results)
 
@@ -2163,42 +2186,45 @@ func (e *Engine) stopDNSServer() {
 	e.statusRecorder.UpdateDNSStates(nsGroupStates)
 }
 
-// SetSyncResponsePersistence enables or disables sync response persistence.
-// The store is only instantiated while persistence is enabled; construction
-// itself drops any stale data left over from an earlier run (see syncstore).
+// SetSyncResponsePersistence enables or disables sync response persistence
 func (e *Engine) SetSyncResponsePersistence(enabled bool) {
 	e.syncRespMux.Lock()
 	defer e.syncRespMux.Unlock()
 
-	if enabled == (e.syncStore != nil) {
+	if enabled == e.persistSyncResponse {
 		return
 	}
+	e.persistSyncResponse = enabled
 	log.Debugf("Sync response persistence is set to %t", enabled)
 
 	if !enabled {
-		if err := e.syncStore.Clear(); err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed to clear persisted sync response: %v", err)
-		}
-		e.syncStore = nil
-		return
+		e.latestSyncResponse = nil
 	}
-
-	e.syncStore = syncstore.New(e.syncStoreDir)
 }
 
 // GetLatestSyncResponse returns the stored sync response if persistence is enabled
 func (e *Engine) GetLatestSyncResponse() (*mgmProto.SyncResponse, error) {
-	// Hold the lock for the whole Get so the store cannot be cleared
-	// (disabled / engine close) mid-call.
 	e.syncRespMux.RLock()
-	defer e.syncRespMux.RUnlock()
+	enabled := e.persistSyncResponse
+	latest := e.latestSyncResponse
+	e.syncRespMux.RUnlock()
 
-	if e.syncStore == nil {
+	if !enabled {
 		return nil, errors.New("sync response persistence is disabled")
 	}
 
-	//nolint:nilnil
-	return e.syncStore.Get()
+	if latest == nil {
+		//nolint:nilnil
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("Retrieving latest sync response with size %d bytes", proto.Size(latest))
+	sr, ok := proto.Clone(latest).(*mgmProto.SyncResponse)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to clone sync response")
+	}
+
+	return sr, nil
 }
 
 // GetWgAddr returns the wireguard address
@@ -2234,7 +2260,7 @@ func (e *Engine) updateDNSForwarder(
 	enabled bool,
 	fwdEntries []*dnsfwd.ForwarderEntry,
 ) {
-	if e.config.DisableServerRoutes || e.config.BlockInbound {
+	if e.config.DisableServerRoutes {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -2387,7 +2413,7 @@ func (e *Engine) updateForwardRules(rules []*mgmProto.ForwardingRule) ([]firewal
 	var merr *multierror.Error
 	forwardingRules := make([]firewallManager.ForwardRule, 0, len(rules))
 	for _, rule := range rules {
-		proto, err := acl.ConvertToFirewallProtocol(rule.GetProtocol())
+		proto, err := convertToFirewallProtocol(rule.GetProtocol())
 		if err != nil {
 			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("failed to convert protocol '%s': %w", rule.GetProtocol(), err))
 			continue

client/internal/engine_authsession.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
+)
+
+// ApplySessionDeadline propagates the absolute SSO session deadline carried on
+// LoginResponse / SyncResponse to both the watcher (for the edge-triggered
+// warning) and the status recorder (for the SubscribeStatus / Status RPC
+// snapshot the UI consumes).
+//
+// The wire field is 3-state:
+//   - nil                        → snapshot carries no info; keep the
+//     previously-anchored deadline (no-op)
+//   - explicit zero (s=0, n=0)   → peer is not SSO-registered or expiry is
+//     disabled; clear both sinks
+//   - valid timestamp            → new deadline; arm watcher, expose on
+//     status recorder
+//
+// Deadline sanity-checks live in sessionwatch.Watcher.Update. Any rejected
+// value is treated as a clear on both sinks: the alternative — leaving the
+// previously-known deadline in place — risks the UI confidently displaying
+// a stale "expires in X" while the server has actually invalidated it.
+func (e *Engine) ApplySessionDeadline(ts *timestamppb.Timestamp) {
+	if ts == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	var deadline time.Time
+	// Explicit zero (seconds=0 AND nanos=0) is the sentinel for "disabled".
+	// Everything else flows through Watcher.Update, whose sanity-checks
+	// reject out-of-range / pre-epoch / far-future / too-stale values and
+	// clear on rejection.
+	if ts.GetSeconds() != 0 || ts.GetNanos() != 0 {
+		deadline = ts.AsTime().UTC()
+	}
+	if e.sessionWatcher == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// Watcher.Update owns the propagation to the status recorder (the
+	// SubscribeStatus / Status snapshot the UI reads): a set writes the
+	// deadline, a clear or a sanity-check rejection writes the zero value.
+	// Keeping a single writer is what stops the recorder from drifting out
+	// of sync with the warning timers.
+	if err := e.sessionWatcher.Update(deadline); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("auth session deadline rejected: %v, clearing", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// DismissSessionWarning records the user's "Dismiss" click on the
+// T-WarningLead interactive notification and suppresses the upcoming
+// T-FinalWarningLead fallback for the current deadline. No-op when the
+// watcher is not running or holds no deadline.
+func (e *Engine) DismissSessionWarning() {
+	if e.sessionWatcher == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	e.sessionWatcher.Dismiss()
+}
+
+// ExtendAuthSession asks the management server to refresh the SSO session
+// expiry deadline using the supplied JWT, then mirrors the new deadline into
+// the daemon's state. The tunnel is untouched; no resync, no reconnect.
+//
+// Returns the new absolute UTC deadline (or zero time when the server
+// reports the peer is not eligible for extension).
+func (e *Engine) ExtendAuthSession(ctx context.Context, jwtToken string) (time.Time, error) {
+	if jwtToken == "" {
+		return time.Time{}, errors.New("jwt token is required")
+	}
+	if e.mgmClient == nil {
+		return time.Time{}, errors.New("management client is not initialised")
+	}
+
+	info, err := system.GetInfoWithChecks(ctx, e.checks)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to collect system info for session extend: %v", err)
+		info = system.GetInfo(ctx)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := e.mgmClient.ExtendAuthSession(info, jwtToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, fmt.Errorf("extend auth session on management: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	e.ApplySessionDeadline(resp.GetSessionExpiresAt())
+
+	if resp.GetSessionExpiresAt().IsValid() {
+		return resp.GetSessionExpiresAt().AsTime().UTC(), nil
+	}
+	return time.Time{}, nil
+}

client/internal/engine_session_deadline_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/auth/sessionwatch"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+)
+
+// TestApplySessionDeadline_ThreeState pins down the 3-state semantics of the
+// wire field carried on LoginResponse / SyncResponse:
+//
+//   - nil pointer            → no info; previously-anchored deadline survives
+//   - explicit zero value    → "expiry disabled" sentinel; both sinks cleared
+//   - valid future timestamp → new deadline propagated to both sinks
+func TestApplySessionDeadline_ThreeState(t *testing.T) {
+	newEngine := func() *Engine {
+		recorder := peer.NewRecorder("")
+		return &Engine{
+			statusRecorder: recorder,
+			sessionWatcher: sessionwatch.New(recorder),
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("valid timestamp sets deadline on both sinks", func(t *testing.T) {
+		e := newEngine()
+		deadline := time.Now().Add(time.Hour).UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(timestamppb.New(deadline))
+
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().Equal(deadline),
+			"status recorder should hold the new deadline")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("nil is a no-op and preserves previous deadline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		e := newEngine()
+		seeded := time.Now().Add(time.Hour).UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(timestamppb.New(seeded))
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().Equal(seeded))
+
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(nil)
+
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().Equal(seeded),
+			"nil snapshot must not disturb the existing deadline")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("explicit zero clears a previously-anchored deadline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		e := newEngine()
+		seeded := time.Now().Add(time.Hour).UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(timestamppb.New(seeded))
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().Equal(seeded))
+
+		// Explicit zero Timestamp{} (seconds=0, nanos=0) is the
+		// "expiry disabled / not SSO" sentinel.
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(&timestamppb.Timestamp{})
+
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().IsZero(),
+			"explicit zero sentinel must clear the deadline")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid timestamp clears the deadline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		e := newEngine()
+		seeded := time.Now().Add(time.Hour).UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(timestamppb.New(seeded))
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().Equal(seeded))
+
+		// Out-of-range nanos → IsValid()==false; same-meaning as the
+		// disabled sentinel for downstream sinks.
+		e.ApplySessionDeadline(&timestamppb.Timestamp{Seconds: 1, Nanos: -1})
+
+		require.True(t, e.statusRecorder.GetSessionExpiresAt().IsZero(),
+			"invalid timestamp must clear the deadline")
+	})
+}

client/internal/engine_sessionwatch.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//go:build !js
+
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/auth/sessionwatch"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+)
+
+// newSessionWatcher returns the real SSO session expiry watcher for every
+// non-wasm build. The js/wasm build gets a no-op stub from
+// engine_sessionwatch_js.go so the sessionwatch package (and its timer
+// machinery) never links into the wasm binary.
+func newSessionWatcher(recorder *peer.Status) sessionDeadlineWatcher {
+	return sessionwatch.New(recorder)
+}

client/internal/engine_sessionwatch_js.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//go:build js
+
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+)
+
+// noopSessionWatcher is the js/wasm stand-in for sessionwatch.Watcher. The
+// wasm client never runs the engine's session-warning flow (the interactive
+// T-WarningLead notification and the T-FinalWarningLead fallback dialog live
+// in the desktop UI), so linking the full sessionwatch package (timers, event
+// composition) would only bloat the binary.
+//
+// It still mirrors the deadline into the status recorder so the SubscribeStatus
+// / Status snapshot the UI consumes stays correct — only the timer-driven
+// warnings are dropped.
+type noopSessionWatcher struct {
+	recorder *peer.Status
+}
+
+func newSessionWatcher(recorder *peer.Status) sessionDeadlineWatcher {
+	return noopSessionWatcher{recorder: recorder}
+}
+
+// Update mirrors the real watcher's recorder propagation without the timers or
+// sanity-check sentinels: a valid deadline is exposed on the status snapshot,
+// the zero time clears it.
+func (w noopSessionWatcher) Update(deadline time.Time) error {
+	if w.recorder != nil {
+		w.recorder.SetSessionExpiresAt(deadline)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (noopSessionWatcher) Dismiss() {}
+func (noopSessionWatcher) Close()   {}

client/internal/ingressgw/manager.go

@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ type RulePair struct {
 type Manager struct {
 	dnatFirewall DNATFirewall
 
-	rules   map[firewall.RuleID]RulePair
+	rules   map[string]RulePair // keys is the ID of the ForwardRule
 	rulesMu sync.Mutex
 }
 
 func NewManager(dnatFirewall DNATFirewall) *Manager {
 	return &Manager{
 		dnatFirewall: dnatFirewall,
-		rules:        make(map[firewall.RuleID]RulePair),
+		rules:        make(map[string]RulePair),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (h *Manager) Update(forwardRules []firewall.ForwardRule) error {
 
 	var mErr *multierror.Error
 
-	toDelete := make(map[firewall.RuleID]RulePair, len(h.rules))
+	toDelete := make(map[string]RulePair, len(h.rules))
 	for id, r := range h.rules {
 		toDelete[id] = r
 	}
@@ -59,10 +59,6 @@ func (h *Manager) Update(forwardRules []firewall.ForwardRule) error {
 			mErr = multierror.Append(mErr, fmt.Errorf("add forward rule '%s': %v", fwdRule.String(), err))
 			continue
 		}
-		if rule == nil {
-			mErr = multierror.Append(mErr, fmt.Errorf("add forward rule '%s': backend returned no rule", fwdRule.String()))
-			continue
-		}
 		log.Infof("forward rule has been added '%s'", fwdRule)
 		h.rules[id] = RulePair{
 			ForwardRule: fwdRule,
@@ -94,7 +90,7 @@ func (h *Manager) Close() error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	h.rules = make(map[firewall.RuleID]RulePair)
+	h.rules = make(map[string]RulePair)
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(mErr)
 }
 

client/internal/ingressgw/manager_test.go

@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ var (
 )
 
 type MocFwRule struct {
-	id firewall.RuleID
+	id string
 }
 
-func (m *MocFwRule) ID() firewall.RuleID {
-	return m.id
+func (m *MocFwRule) ID() string {
+	return string(m.id)
 }
 
 type MockDNATFirewall struct {

client/internal/lazyconn/support.go

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-version"
-
-	nbversion "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -13,7 +11,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func IsSupported(agentVersion string) bool {
-	if nbversion.IsDevelopmentVersion(agentVersion) {
+	if agentVersion == "development" {
 		return true
 	}