Bump docker/login-action from 3.6.0 to 3.7.0

Bumps [docker/login-action](https://github.com/docker/login-action) from 3.6.0 to 3.7.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/docker/login-action/releases)
- [Commits](5e57cd1181...c94ce9fb46)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: docker/login-action
  dependency-version: 3.7.0
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>

.github/workflows/cicd.yml

@@ -1,52 +1,161 @@
 name: CI/CD Pipeline
 
+# CI/CD workflow for building, publishing, mirroring, signing container images and building release binaries.
+# Actions are pinned to specific SHAs to reduce supply-chain risk. This workflow triggers on tag push events.
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write      # for GHCR push
+  id-token: write      # for Cosign Keyless (OIDC) Signing
+
+# Required secrets:
+# - DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME / DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN: push to Docker Hub
+# - GITHUB_TOKEN: used for GHCR login and OIDC keyless signing
+# - COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY / COSIGN_PASSWORD / COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY: for key-based signing
+
 on:
     push:
         tags:
-            - "*"
+            - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+"
+            - "[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+.rc.[0-9]+"
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-    release:
-        name: Build and Release
-        runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+  release:
+    name: Build and Release
+    runs-on: amd64-runner
+    # Job-level timeout to avoid runaway or stuck runs
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    env:
+      # Target images
+      DOCKERHUB_IMAGE: docker.io/fosrl/${{ github.event.repository.name }}
+      GHCR_IMAGE: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/${{ github.event.repository.name }}
 
-        steps:
-            - name: Checkout code
-              uses: actions/checkout@v5
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
-            - name: Set up QEMU
-              uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@c7c53464625b32c7a7e944ae62b3e17d2b600130 # v3.7.0
 
-            - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-              uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3.12.0
 
-            - name: Log in to Docker Hub
-              uses: docker/login-action@v3
-              with:
-                  username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
-                  password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Log in to Docker Hub
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
+        with:
+          registry: docker.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_HUB_ACCESS_TOKEN }}
 
-            - name: Extract tag name
-              id: get-tag
-              run: echo "TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Extract tag name
+        id: get-tag
+        run: echo "TAG=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+        shell: bash
 
-            - name: Install Go
-              uses: actions/setup-go@v6
-              with:
-                  go-version: 1.25
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@7a3fe6cf4cb3a834922a1244abfce67bcef6a0c5 # v6.2.0
+        with:
+          go-version: 1.25
 
-            - name: Build and push Docker images
-              run: |
-                  TAG=${{ env.TAG }}
-                  make docker-build-release tag=$TAG
+      - name: Update version in main.go
+        run: |
+          TAG=${{ env.TAG }}
+          if [ -f main.go ]; then
+            sed -i 's/version_replaceme/'"$TAG"'/' main.go
+            echo "Updated main.go with version $TAG"
+          else
+            echo "main.go not found"
+          fi
+        shell: bash
 
-            - name: Build binaries
-              run: |
-                  make go-build-release
+      - name: Build and push Docker images (Docker Hub)
+        run: |
+          TAG=${{ env.TAG }}
+          make docker-build-release tag=$TAG
+          echo "Built & pushed to: ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_IMAGE }}:${TAG}"
+        shell: bash
 
-            - name: Upload artifacts from /bin
-              uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-              with:
-                  name: binaries
-                  path: bin/
+      - name: Login in to GHCR
+        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3.7.0
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
+      - name: Install skopeo + jq
+        # skopeo: copy/inspect images between registries
+        # jq: JSON parsing tool used to extract digest values
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update -y
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo jq
+          skopeo --version
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Copy tag from Docker Hub to GHCR
+        # Mirror the already-built image (all architectures) to GHCR so we can sign it
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          TAG=${{ env.TAG }}
+          echo "Copying ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_IMAGE }}:${TAG} -> ${{ env.GHCR_IMAGE }}:${TAG}"
+          skopeo copy --all --retry-times 3 \
+            docker://$DOCKERHUB_IMAGE:$TAG \
+            docker://$GHCR_IMAGE:$TAG
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Install cosign
+        # cosign is used to sign and verify container images (key and keyless)
+        uses: sigstore/cosign-installer@faadad0cce49287aee09b3a48701e75088a2c6ad # v4.0.0
+
+      - name: Dual-sign and verify (GHCR & Docker Hub)
+        # Sign each image by digest using keyless (OIDC) and key-based signing,
+        # then verify both the public key signature and the keyless OIDC signature.
+        env:
+          TAG: ${{ env.TAG }}
+          COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          COSIGN_PASSWORD: ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PASSWORD }}
+          COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY: ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY }}
+          COSIGN_YES: "true"
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+
+          issuer="https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com"
+          id_regex="^https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/.+"  # accept this repo (all workflows/refs)
+
+          for IMAGE in "${GHCR_IMAGE}" "${DOCKERHUB_IMAGE}"; do
+            echo "Processing ${IMAGE}:${TAG}"
+
+            DIGEST="$(skopeo inspect --retry-times 3 docker://${IMAGE}:${TAG} | jq -r '.Digest')"
+            REF="${IMAGE}@${DIGEST}"
+            echo "Resolved digest: ${REF}"
+
+            echo "==> cosign sign (keyless) --recursive ${REF}"
+            cosign sign --recursive "${REF}"
+
+            echo "==> cosign sign (key) --recursive ${REF}"
+            cosign sign --key env://COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY --recursive "${REF}"
+
+            echo "==> cosign verify (public key) ${REF}"
+            cosign verify --key env://COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY "${REF}" -o text
+
+            echo "==> cosign verify (keyless policy) ${REF}"
+            cosign verify \
+              --certificate-oidc-issuer "${issuer}" \
+              --certificate-identity-regexp "${id_regex}" \
+              "${REF}" -o text
+          done
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Build binaries
+        run: |
+          make go-build-release
+        shell: bash
+
+      - name: Upload artifacts from /bin
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6.0.0
+        with:
+          name: binaries
+          path: bin/

.github/workflows/mirror.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+name: Mirror & Sign (Docker Hub to GHCR)
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch: {}
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+  id-token: write   # for keyless OIDC
+
+env:
+  SOURCE_IMAGE: docker.io/fosrl/gerbil
+  DEST_IMAGE: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/${{ github.event.repository.name }}
+
+jobs:
+  mirror-and-dual-sign:
+    runs-on: amd64-runner
+    steps:
+      - name: Install skopeo + jq
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update -y
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo jq
+          skopeo --version
+
+      - name: Install cosign
+        uses: sigstore/cosign-installer@faadad0cce49287aee09b3a48701e75088a2c6ad # v4.0.0
+
+      - name: Input check
+        run: |
+          test -n "${SOURCE_IMAGE}" || (echo "SOURCE_IMAGE is empty" && exit 1)
+          echo "Source : ${SOURCE_IMAGE}"
+          echo "Target : ${DEST_IMAGE}"
+
+      # Auth for skopeo (containers-auth)
+      - name: Skopeo login to GHCR
+        run: |
+          skopeo login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" -p "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
+
+      # Auth for cosign (docker-config)
+      - name: Docker login to GHCR (for cosign)
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
+      - name: List source tags
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          skopeo list-tags --retry-times 3 docker://"${SOURCE_IMAGE}" \
+            | jq -r '.Tags[]' | sort -u > src-tags.txt
+          echo "Found source tags: $(wc -l < src-tags.txt)"
+          head -n 20 src-tags.txt || true
+
+      - name: List destination tags (skip existing)
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if skopeo list-tags --retry-times 3 docker://"${DEST_IMAGE}" >/tmp/dst.json 2>/dev/null; then
+            jq -r '.Tags[]' /tmp/dst.json | sort -u > dst-tags.txt
+          else
+            : > dst-tags.txt
+          fi
+          echo "Existing destination tags: $(wc -l < dst-tags.txt)"
+
+      - name: Mirror, dual-sign, and verify
+        env:
+          # keyless
+          COSIGN_YES: "true"
+          # key-based
+          COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          COSIGN_PASSWORD:    ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PASSWORD }}
+          # verify
+          COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY:  ${{ secrets.COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          copied=0; skipped=0; v_ok=0; errs=0
+
+          issuer="https://token.actions.githubusercontent.com"
+          id_regex="^https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/.+"
+
+          while read -r tag; do
+            [ -z "$tag" ] && continue
+
+            if grep -Fxq "$tag" dst-tags.txt; then
+              echo "::notice ::Skip (exists) ${DEST_IMAGE}:${tag}"
+              skipped=$((skipped+1))
+              continue
+            fi
+
+            echo "==> Copy ${SOURCE_IMAGE}:${tag} → ${DEST_IMAGE}:${tag}"
+            if ! skopeo copy --all --retry-times 3 \
+                 docker://"${SOURCE_IMAGE}:${tag}" docker://"${DEST_IMAGE}:${tag}"; then
+              echo "::warning title=Copy failed::${SOURCE_IMAGE}:${tag}"
+              errs=$((errs+1)); continue
+            fi
+            copied=$((copied+1))
+
+            digest="$(skopeo inspect --retry-times 3 docker://"${DEST_IMAGE}:${tag}" | jq -r '.Digest')"
+            ref="${DEST_IMAGE}@${digest}"
+
+            echo "==> cosign sign (keyless) --recursive ${ref}"
+            if ! cosign sign --recursive "${ref}"; then
+              echo "::warning title=Keyless sign failed::${ref}"
+              errs=$((errs+1))
+            fi
+
+            echo "==> cosign sign (key) --recursive ${ref}"
+            if ! cosign sign --key env://COSIGN_PRIVATE_KEY --recursive "${ref}"; then
+              echo "::warning title=Key sign failed::${ref}"
+              errs=$((errs+1))
+            fi
+
+            echo "==> cosign verify (public key) ${ref}"
+            if ! cosign verify --key env://COSIGN_PUBLIC_KEY "${ref}" -o text; then
+              echo "::warning title=Verify(pubkey) failed::${ref}"
+              errs=$((errs+1))
+            fi
+
+            echo "==> cosign verify (keyless policy) ${ref}"
+            if ! cosign verify \
+                 --certificate-oidc-issuer "${issuer}" \
+                 --certificate-identity-regexp "${id_regex}" \
+                 "${ref}" -o text; then
+              echo "::warning title=Verify(keyless) failed::${ref}"
+              errs=$((errs+1))
+            else
+              v_ok=$((v_ok+1))
+            fi
+          done < src-tags.txt
+
+          echo "---- Summary ----"
+          echo "Copied        : $copied"
+          echo "Skipped       : $skipped"
+          echo "Verified OK   : $v_ok"
+          echo "Errors        : $errs"

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: Run Tests
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
 on:
   pull_request:
     branches:
@@ -8,15 +11,15 @@ on:
 
 jobs:
   test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: amd64-runner
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
 
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-go@7a3fe6cf4cb3a834922a1244abfce67bcef6a0c5 # v6.2.0
         with:
-          go-version: '1.25'
+          go-version: 1.25
 
       - name: Build go
         run: go build

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -4,11 +4,7 @@ Contributions are welcome!
 
 Please see the contribution and local development guide on the docs page before getting started:
 
-https://docs.fossorial.io/development
-
-For ideas about what features to work on and our future plans, please see the roadmap:
-
-https://docs.fossorial.io/roadmap
+https://docs.pangolin.net/development/contributing
 
 ### Licensing Considerations
 

Dockerfile

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ COPY . .
 RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o /gerbil
 
 # Start a new stage from scratch
-FROM alpine:3.22 AS runner
+FROM alpine:3.23 AS runner
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache iptables iproute2
 

README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Gerbil is a simple [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com/) interface management
 
 Gerbil works with Pangolin, Newt, and Olm as part of the larger system. See documentation below:
 
--   [Full Documentation](https://docs.fossorial.io)
+-   [Full Documentation](https://docs.pangolin.net)
 
 ## Key Functions
 
@@ -42,13 +42,12 @@ In single node (self hosted) Pangolin deployments this can be bypassed by using
 
 ## CLI Args
 
+Important:
 - `reachableAt`: How should the remote server reach Gerbil's API?
 - `generateAndSaveKeyTo`: Where to save the generated WireGuard private key to persist across restarts.
-- `remoteConfig` (optional): Remote config location to HTTP get the JSON based config from. See `example_config.json`
-- `config` (optional): Local JSON file path to load config. Used if remote config is not supplied. See `example_config.json`
-
-Note: You must use either `config` or `remoteConfig` to configure WireGuard.
+- `remoteConfig`: Remote config location to HTTP get the JSON based config from.
 
+Others:
 - `reportBandwidthTo` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - Use `remoteConfig` instead. Remote HTTP endpoint to send peer bandwidth data
 - `interface` (optional): Name of the WireGuard interface created by Gerbil. Default: `wg0`
 - `listen` (optional): Port to listen on for HTTP server. Default: `:3004`
@@ -66,7 +65,6 @@ Note: You must use either `config` or `remoteConfig` to configure WireGuard.
 All CLI arguments can also be provided via environment variables:
 
 - `INTERFACE`: Name of the WireGuard interface
-- `CONFIG`: Path to local configuration file
 - `REMOTE_CONFIG`: URL of the remote config server
 - `LISTEN`: Address to listen on for HTTP server
 - `GENERATE_AND_SAVE_KEY_TO`: Path to save generated private key
@@ -96,7 +94,7 @@ services:
     container_name: gerbil
     restart: unless-stopped
     command:
-      - --reachableAt=http://gerbil:3003
+      - --reachableAt=http://gerbil:3004
       - --generateAndSaveKeyTo=/var/config/key
       - --remoteConfig=http://pangolin:3001/api/v1/
     volumes:

SECURITY.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 If you discover a security vulnerability, please follow the steps below to responsibly disclose it to us:
 
 1. **Do not create a public GitHub issue or discussion post.** This could put the security of other users at risk.
-2. Send a detailed report to [security@fossorial.io](mailto:security@fossorial.io) or send a **private** message to a maintainer on [Discord](https://discord.gg/HCJR8Xhme4). Include:
+2. Send a detailed report to [security@pangolin.net](mailto:security@pangolin.net) or send a **private** message to a maintainer on [Discord](https://discord.gg/HCJR8Xhme4). Include:
 
 - Description and location of the vulnerability.
 - Potential impact of the vulnerability.

config_example.json

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "privateKey": "kBGTgk7c+zncEEoSnMl+jsLjVh5ZVoL/HwBSQem+d1M=",
-    "listenPort": 51820,
-    "ipAddress": "10.0.0.1/24",
-    "peers": [
-        {
-            "publicKey": "5UzzoeveFVSzuqK3nTMS5bA1jIMs1fQffVQzJ8MXUQM=",
-            "allowedIps": ["10.0.0.0/28"]
-        },
-        {
-            "publicKey": "kYrZpuO2NsrFoBh1GMNgkhd1i9Rgtu1rAjbJ7qsfngU=",
-            "allowedIps": ["10.0.0.16/28"]
-        },
-        {
-            "publicKey": "1YfPUVr9ZF4zehkbI2BQhCxaRLz+Vtwa4vJwH+mpK0A=",
-            "allowedIps": ["10.0.0.32/28"]
-        },
-        {
-            "publicKey": "2/U4oyZ+sai336Dal/yExCphL8AxyqvIxMk4qsUy4iI=",
-            "allowedIps": ["10.0.0.48/28"]
-        }
-    ]
-}

go.mod

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ go 1.25
 require (
 	github.com/patrickmn/go-cache v2.1.0+incompatible
 	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.43.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6
 )
 
@@ -16,8 +17,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mdlayher/netlink v1.7.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mdlayher/socket v0.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.45.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.47.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 // indirect
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20230325221338-052af4a8072b // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -16,16 +16,16 @@ github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1 h1:3AEMt62VKqz90r0tmNhog0r/PpWKmrEShJU0wJW
 github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1/go.mod h1:ARtKouGSTGchR8aMwmkzC0qiNPrrWO5JS/XMVl45+b4=
 github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5 h1:DfiHV+j8bA32MFM7bfEunvT8IAqQ/NzSJHtcmW5zdEY=
 github.com/vishvananda/netns v0.0.5/go.mod h1:SpkAiCQRtJ6TvvxPnOSyH3BMl6unz3xZlaprSwhNNJM=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.43.0 h1:dduJYIi3A3KOfdGOHX8AVZ/jGiyPa3IbBozJ5kNuE04=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.43.0/go.mod h1:BFbav4mRNlXJL4wNeejLpWxB7wMbc79PdRGhWKncxR0=
-golang.org/x/net v0.45.0 h1:RLBg5JKixCy82FtLJpeNlVM0nrSqpCRYzVU1n8kj0tM=
-golang.org/x/net v0.45.0/go.mod h1:ECOoLqd5U3Lhyeyo/QDCEVQ4sNgYsqvCZ722XogGieY=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0 h1:cKRW/pmt1pKAfetfu+RCEvjvZkA9RimPbh7bhFjGVBU=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.46.0/go.mod h1:Evb/oLKmMraqjZ2iQTwDwvCtJkczlDuTmdJXoZVzqU0=
+golang.org/x/net v0.47.0 h1:Mx+4dIFzqraBXUugkia1OOvlD6LemFo1ALMHjrXDOhY=
+golang.org/x/net v0.47.0/go.mod h1:/jNxtkgq5yWUGYkaZGqo27cfGZ1c5Nen03aYrrKpVRU=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 h1:wsuoTGHzEhffawBOhz5CYhcrV4IdKZbEyZjBMuTp12o=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJTE5uejpjVlOe/izrB70Jof72aM=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.2.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.10.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0 h1:fdNQudmxPjkdUTPnLn5mdQv7Zwvbvpaxqs831goi9kQ=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0 h1:CvCKL8MeisomCi6qNZ+wbb0DN9E5AATixKsvNtMoMFk=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.39.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20230325221338-052af4a8072b h1:J1CaxgLerRR5lgx3wnr6L04cJFbWoceSK9JWBdglINo=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20230325221338-052af4a8072b/go.mod h1:tqur9LnfstdR9ep2LaJT4lFUl0EjlHtge+gAjmsHUG4=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6 h1:CawjfCvYQH2OU3/TnxLx97WDSUDRABfT18pCOYwc2GE=

main.go

@@ -2,15 +2,21 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"log"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
+	_ "net/http/pprof"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"os/signal"
+	"runtime"
+	"runtime/pprof"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -21,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/fosrl/gerbil/proxy"
 	"github.com/fosrl/gerbil/relay"
 	"github.com/vishvananda/netlink"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 )
@@ -40,6 +47,7 @@ var (
 type WgConfig struct {
 	PrivateKey string `json:"privateKey"`
 	ListenPort int    `json:"listenPort"`
+	RelayPort  int    `json:"relayPort"`
 	IpAddress  string `json:"ipAddress"`
 	Peers      []Peer `json:"peers"`
 }
@@ -108,6 +116,8 @@ func parseLogLevel(level string) logger.LogLevel {
 }
 
 func main() {
+	go monitorMemory(1024 * 1024 * 512) // trigger if memory usage exceeds 512MB
+
 	var (
 		err                  error
 		wgconfig             WgConfig
@@ -217,6 +227,10 @@ func main() {
 	logger.Init()
 	logger.GetLogger().SetLevel(parseLogLevel(logLevel))
 
+	// Base context for the application; cancel on SIGINT/SIGTERM
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	defer stop()
+
 	// try to parse as http://host:port and set the listenAddr to the :port from this reachableAt.
 	if reachableAt != "" && listenAddr == "" {
 		if strings.HasPrefix(reachableAt, "http://") || strings.HasPrefix(reachableAt, "https://") {
@@ -324,10 +338,20 @@ func main() {
 	// Ensure the WireGuard peers exist
 	ensureWireguardPeers(wgconfig.Peers)
 
-	go periodicBandwidthCheck(remoteConfigURL + "/gerbil/receive-bandwidth")
+	// Child error group derived from base context
+	group, groupCtx := errgroup.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	// Periodic bandwidth reporting
+	group.Go(func() error {
+		return periodicBandwidthCheck(groupCtx, remoteConfigURL+"/gerbil/receive-bandwidth")
+	})
 
 	// Start the UDP proxy server
-	proxyRelay = relay.NewUDPProxyServer(":21820", remoteConfigURL, key, reachableAt)
+	relayPort := wgconfig.RelayPort
+	if relayPort == 0 {
+		relayPort = 21820 // in case there is no relay port set, use 21820
+	}
+	proxyRelay = relay.NewUDPProxyServer(groupCtx, fmt.Sprintf(":%d", relayPort), remoteConfigURL, key, reachableAt)
 	err = proxyRelay.Start()
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.Fatal("Failed to start UDP proxy server: %v", err)
@@ -369,20 +393,42 @@ func main() {
 	http.HandleFunc("/update-proxy-mapping", handleUpdateProxyMapping)
 	http.HandleFunc("/update-destinations", handleUpdateDestinations)
 	http.HandleFunc("/update-local-snis", handleUpdateLocalSNIs)
+	http.HandleFunc("/healthz", handleHealthz)
 	logger.Info("Starting HTTP server on %s", listenAddr)
 
-	// Run HTTP server in a goroutine
-	go func() {
-		if err := http.ListenAndServe(listenAddr, nil); err != nil {
-			logger.Error("HTTP server failed: %v", err)
+	// HTTP server with graceful shutdown on context cancel
+	server := &http.Server{
+		Addr:    listenAddr,
+		Handler: nil,
+	}
+	group.Go(func() error {
+		// http.ErrServerClosed is returned on graceful shutdown; not an error for us
+		if err := server.ListenAndServe(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+			return err
 		}
-	}()
+		return nil
+	})
+	group.Go(func() error {
+		<-groupCtx.Done()
+		shutdownCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		_ = server.Shutdown(shutdownCtx)
+		// Stop background components as the context is canceled
+		if proxySNI != nil {
+			_ = proxySNI.Stop()
+		}
+		if proxyRelay != nil {
+			proxyRelay.Stop()
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
 
-	// Keep the main goroutine running
-	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
-	signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
-	<-sigCh
-	logger.Info("Shutting down servers...")
+	// Wait for all goroutines to finish
+	if err := group.Wait(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+		logger.Error("Service exited with error: %v", err)
+	} else if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+		logger.Info("Context cancelled, shutting down")
+	}
 }
 
 func loadRemoteConfig(url string, key wgtypes.Key, reachableAt string) (WgConfig, error) {
@@ -509,6 +555,10 @@ func ensureWireguardInterface(wgconfig WgConfig) error {
 		logger.Warn("Failed to ensure MSS clamping: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	if err := ensureWireguardFirewall(); err != nil {
+		logger.Warn("Failed to ensure WireGuard firewall rules: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	logger.Info("WireGuard interface %s created and configured", interfaceName)
 
 	return nil
@@ -639,7 +689,7 @@ func ensureMSSClamping() error {
 		if out, err := addCmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Failed to add MSS clamping rule for chain %s: %v (output: %s)",
 				chain, err, string(out))
-			logger.Error(errMsg)
+			logger.Error("%s", errMsg)
 			errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("%s", errMsg))
 			continue
 		}
@@ -656,7 +706,7 @@ func ensureMSSClamping() error {
 		if out, err := checkCmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Rule verification failed for chain %s: %v (output: %s)",
 				chain, err, string(out))
-			logger.Error(errMsg)
+			logger.Error("%s", errMsg)
 			errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("%s", errMsg))
 			continue
 		}
@@ -677,6 +727,113 @@ func ensureMSSClamping() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func ensureWireguardFirewall() error {
+	// Rules to enforce:
+	// 1. Allow established/related connections (responses to our outbound traffic)
+	// 2. Allow ICMP ping packets
+	// 3. Drop all other inbound traffic from peers
+
+	// Define the rules we want to ensure exist
+	rules := [][]string{
+		// Allow established and related connections (responses to outbound traffic)
+		{
+			"-A", "INPUT",
+			"-i", interfaceName,
+			"-m", "conntrack",
+			"--ctstate", "ESTABLISHED,RELATED",
+			"-j", "ACCEPT",
+		},
+		// Allow ICMP ping requests
+		{
+			"-A", "INPUT",
+			"-i", interfaceName,
+			"-p", "icmp",
+			"--icmp-type", "8",
+			"-j", "ACCEPT",
+		},
+		// Drop all other inbound traffic from WireGuard interface
+		{
+			"-A", "INPUT",
+			"-i", interfaceName,
+			"-j", "DROP",
+		},
+	}
+
+	// First, try to delete any existing rules for this interface
+	for _, rule := range rules {
+		deleteArgs := make([]string, len(rule))
+		copy(deleteArgs, rule)
+		// Change -A to -D for deletion
+		for i, arg := range deleteArgs {
+			if arg == "-A" {
+				deleteArgs[i] = "-D"
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		deleteCmd := exec.Command("/usr/sbin/iptables", deleteArgs...)
+		logger.Debug("Attempting to delete existing firewall rule: %v", deleteArgs)
+
+		// Try deletion multiple times to handle multiple existing rules
+		for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+			out, err := deleteCmd.CombinedOutput()
+			if err != nil {
+				if exitErr, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
+					logger.Debug("Deletion stopped: %v (output: %s)", exitErr.String(), string(out))
+				}
+				break // No more rules to delete
+			}
+			logger.Info("Deleted existing firewall rule (attempt %d)", i+1)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Now add the rules
+	var errors []error
+	for i, rule := range rules {
+		addCmd := exec.Command("/usr/sbin/iptables", rule...)
+		logger.Info("Adding WireGuard firewall rule %d: %v", i+1, rule)
+
+		if out, err := addCmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
+			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Failed to add firewall rule %d: %v (output: %s)", i+1, err, string(out))
+			logger.Error("%s", errMsg)
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("%s", errMsg))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Verify the rule was added by checking
+		checkArgs := make([]string, len(rule))
+		copy(checkArgs, rule)
+		// Change -A to -C for check
+		for j, arg := range checkArgs {
+			if arg == "-A" {
+				checkArgs[j] = "-C"
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		checkCmd := exec.Command("/usr/sbin/iptables", checkArgs...)
+		if out, err := checkCmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
+			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("Rule verification failed for rule %d: %v (output: %s)", i+1, err, string(out))
+			logger.Error("%s", errMsg)
+			errors = append(errors, fmt.Errorf("%s", errMsg))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		logger.Info("Successfully added and verified WireGuard firewall rule %d", i+1)
+	}
+
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		var errMsgs []string
+		for _, err := range errors {
+			errMsgs = append(errMsgs, err.Error())
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("WireGuard firewall setup encountered errors:\n%s", strings.Join(errMsgs, "\n"))
+	}
+
+	logger.Info("WireGuard firewall rules successfully configured for interface %s", interfaceName)
+	return nil
+}
+
 func handlePeer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	switch r.Method {
 	case http.MethodPost:
@@ -688,6 +845,15 @@ func handlePeer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	}
 }
 
+func handleHealthz(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
+		http.Error(w, "Method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
+		return
+	}
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	_, _ = w.Write([]byte("ok"))
+}
+
 func handleAddPeer(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	var peer Peer
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&peer); err != nil {
@@ -977,13 +1143,18 @@ func handleUpdateLocalSNIs(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	})
 }
 
-func periodicBandwidthCheck(endpoint string) {
+func periodicBandwidthCheck(ctx context.Context, endpoint string) error {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Second)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
-	for range ticker.C {
-		if err := reportPeerBandwidth(endpoint); err != nil {
-			logger.Info("Failed to report peer bandwidth: %v", err)
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			if err := reportPeerBandwidth(endpoint); err != nil {
+				logger.Info("Failed to report peer bandwidth: %v", err)
+			}
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1003,8 +1174,13 @@ func calculatePeerBandwidth() ([]PeerBandwidth, error) {
 	mu.Lock()
 	defer mu.Unlock()
 
+	// Track the set of peers currently present on the device to prune stale readings efficiently
+	currentPeerKeys := make(map[string]struct{}, len(device.Peers))
+
 	for _, peer := range device.Peers {
 		publicKey := peer.PublicKey.String()
+		currentPeerKeys[publicKey] = struct{}{}
+
 		currentReading := PeerReading{
 			BytesReceived:    peer.ReceiveBytes,
 			BytesTransmitted: peer.TransmitBytes,
@@ -1061,14 +1237,7 @@ func calculatePeerBandwidth() ([]PeerBandwidth, error) {
 
 	// Clean up old peers
 	for publicKey := range lastReadings {
-		found := false
-		for _, peer := range device.Peers {
-			if peer.PublicKey.String() == publicKey {
-				found = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if !found {
+		if _, exists := currentPeerKeys[publicKey]; !exists {
 			delete(lastReadings, publicKey)
 		}
 	}
@@ -1124,3 +1293,25 @@ func notifyPeerChange(action, publicKey string) {
 		logger.Warn("Notify server returned non-OK: %s", resp.Status)
 	}
 }
+
+func monitorMemory(limit uint64) {
+	var m runtime.MemStats
+	for {
+		runtime.ReadMemStats(&m)
+		if m.Alloc > limit {
+			fmt.Printf("Memory spike detected (%d bytes). Dumping profile...\n", m.Alloc)
+
+			f, err := os.Create(fmt.Sprintf("/var/config/heap/heap-spike-%d.pprof", time.Now().Unix()))
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Println("could not create profile:", err)
+			} else {
+				pprof.WriteHeapProfile(f)
+				f.Close()
+			}
+
+			// Wait a while before checking again to avoid spamming profiles
+			time.Sleep(5 * time.Minute)
+		}
+		time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
+	}
+}

proxy/proxy.go

@@ -758,14 +758,20 @@ func (p *SNIProxy) pipe(clientConn, targetConn net.Conn, clientReader io.Reader)
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
 	wg.Add(2)
 
+	// closeOnce ensures we only close connections once
+	var closeOnce sync.Once
+	closeConns := func() {
+		closeOnce.Do(func() {
+			// Close both connections to unblock any pending reads
+			clientConn.Close()
+			targetConn.Close()
+		})
+	}
+
 	// Copy data from client to target (using the buffered reader)
 	go func() {
 		defer wg.Done()
-		defer func() {
-			if tcpConn, ok := targetConn.(*net.TCPConn); ok {
-				tcpConn.CloseWrite()
-			}
-		}()
+		defer closeConns()
 
 		// Use a large buffer for better performance
 		buf := make([]byte, 32*1024)
@@ -778,11 +784,7 @@ func (p *SNIProxy) pipe(clientConn, targetConn net.Conn, clientReader io.Reader)
 	// Copy data from target to client
 	go func() {
 		defer wg.Done()
-		defer func() {
-			if tcpConn, ok := clientConn.(*net.TCPConn); ok {
-				tcpConn.CloseWrite()
-			}
-		}()
+		defer closeConns()
 
 		// Use a large buffer for better performance
 		buf := make([]byte, 32*1024)

relay/relay.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package relay
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
@@ -24,20 +25,22 @@ type EncryptedHolePunchMessage struct {
 }
 
 type HolePunchMessage struct {
-	OlmID  string `json:"olmId"`
-	NewtID string `json:"newtId"`
-	Token  string `json:"token"`
+	OlmID     string `json:"olmId"`
+	NewtID    string `json:"newtId"`
+	Token     string `json:"token"`
+	PublicKey string `json:"publicKey"`
 }
 
 type ClientEndpoint struct {
-	OlmID       string `json:"olmId"`
-	NewtID      string `json:"newtId"`
-	Token       string `json:"token"`
-	IP          string `json:"ip"`
-	Port        int    `json:"port"`
-	Timestamp   int64  `json:"timestamp"`
-	ReachableAt string `json:"reachableAt"`
-	PublicKey   string `json:"publicKey"`
+	OlmID             string `json:"olmId"`
+	NewtID            string `json:"newtId"`
+	Token             string `json:"token"`
+	IP                string `json:"ip"`
+	Port              int    `json:"port"`
+	Timestamp         int64  `json:"timestamp"`
+	ReachableAt       string `json:"reachableAt"`
+	ExitNodePublicKey string `json:"exitNodePublicKey"`
+	ClientPublicKey   string `json:"publicKey"`
 }
 
 // Updated to support multiple destination peers
@@ -58,12 +61,41 @@ type DestinationConn struct {
 
 // Type for storing WireGuard handshake information
 type WireGuardSession struct {
+	mu            sync.RWMutex
 	ReceiverIndex uint32
 	SenderIndex   uint32
 	DestAddr      *net.UDPAddr
 	LastSeen      time.Time
 }
 
+// GetSenderIndex returns the SenderIndex in a thread-safe manner
+func (s *WireGuardSession) GetSenderIndex() uint32 {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+	return s.SenderIndex
+}
+
+// GetDestAddr returns the DestAddr in a thread-safe manner
+func (s *WireGuardSession) GetDestAddr() *net.UDPAddr {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+	return s.DestAddr
+}
+
+// GetLastSeen returns the LastSeen timestamp in a thread-safe manner
+func (s *WireGuardSession) GetLastSeen() time.Time {
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+	return s.LastSeen
+}
+
+// UpdateLastSeen updates the LastSeen timestamp in a thread-safe manner
+func (s *WireGuardSession) UpdateLastSeen() {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	s.LastSeen = time.Now()
+}
+
 // Type for tracking bidirectional communication patterns to rebuild sessions
 type CommunicationPattern struct {
 	FromClient     *net.UDPAddr // The client address
@@ -112,6 +144,8 @@ type UDPProxyServer struct {
 	connections   sync.Map // map[string]*DestinationConn where key is destination "ip:port"
 	privateKey    wgtypes.Key
 	packetChan    chan Packet
+	ctx           context.Context
+	cancel        context.CancelFunc
 
 	// Session tracking for WireGuard peers
 	// Key format: "senderIndex:receiverIndex"
@@ -123,14 +157,17 @@ type UDPProxyServer struct {
 	ReachableAt string
 }
 
-// NewUDPProxyServer initializes the server with a buffered packet channel.
-func NewUDPProxyServer(addr, serverURL string, privateKey wgtypes.Key, reachableAt string) *UDPProxyServer {
+// NewUDPProxyServer initializes the server with a buffered packet channel and derived context.
+func NewUDPProxyServer(parentCtx context.Context, addr, serverURL string, privateKey wgtypes.Key, reachableAt string) *UDPProxyServer {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(parentCtx)
 	return &UDPProxyServer{
 		addr:        addr,
 		serverURL:   serverURL,
 		privateKey:  privateKey,
 		packetChan:  make(chan Packet, 1000),
 		ReachableAt: reachableAt,
+		ctx:         ctx,
+		cancel:      cancel,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -177,17 +214,51 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) Start() error {
 }
 
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) Stop() {
-	s.conn.Close()
+	// Signal all background goroutines to stop
+	if s.cancel != nil {
+		s.cancel()
+	}
+	// Close listener to unblock reads
+	if s.conn != nil {
+		_ = s.conn.Close()
+	}
+	// Close all downstream UDP connections
+	s.connections.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
+		if dc, ok := value.(*DestinationConn); ok && dc.conn != nil {
+			_ = dc.conn.Close()
+		}
+		return true
+	})
+	// Close packet channel to stop workers
+	select {
+	case <-s.ctx.Done():
+	default:
+	}
+	close(s.packetChan)
 }
 
 // readPackets continuously reads from the UDP socket and pushes packets into the channel.
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) readPackets() {
 	for {
+		// Exit promptly if context is canceled
+		select {
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		default:
+		}
 		buf := bufferPool.Get().([]byte)
 		n, remoteAddr, err := s.conn.ReadFromUDP(buf)
 		if err != nil {
-			logger.Error("Error reading UDP packet: %v", err)
-			continue
+			// If we're shutting down, exit
+			select {
+			case <-s.ctx.Done():
+				bufferPool.Put(buf[:1500])
+				return
+			default:
+				logger.Error("Error reading UDP packet: %v", err)
+				bufferPool.Put(buf[:1500])
+				continue
+			}
 		}
 		s.packetChan <- Packet{data: buf[:n], remoteAddr: remoteAddr, n: n}
 	}
@@ -236,14 +307,15 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) packetWorker() {
 			}
 
 			endpoint := ClientEndpoint{
-				NewtID:      msg.NewtID,
-				OlmID:       msg.OlmID,
-				Token:       msg.Token,
-				IP:          packet.remoteAddr.IP.String(),
-				Port:        packet.remoteAddr.Port,
-				Timestamp:   time.Now().Unix(),
-				ReachableAt: s.ReachableAt,
-				PublicKey:   s.privateKey.PublicKey().String(),
+				NewtID:            msg.NewtID,
+				OlmID:             msg.OlmID,
+				Token:             msg.Token,
+				IP:                packet.remoteAddr.IP.String(),
+				Port:              packet.remoteAddr.Port,
+				Timestamp:         time.Now().Unix(),
+				ReachableAt:       s.ReachableAt,
+				ExitNodePublicKey: s.privateKey.PublicKey().String(),
+				ClientPublicKey:   msg.PublicKey,
 			}
 			logger.Debug("Created endpoint from packet remoteAddr %s: IP=%s, Port=%d", packet.remoteAddr.String(), endpoint.IP, endpoint.Port)
 			s.notifyServer(endpoint)
@@ -392,7 +464,7 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) handleWireGuardPacket(packet []byte, remoteAddr *net.UD
 
 			_, err = conn.Write(packet)
 			if err != nil {
-				logger.Error("Failed to forward handshake initiation: %v", err)
+				logger.Debug("Failed to forward handshake initiation: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -442,13 +514,11 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) handleWireGuardPacket(packet []byte, remoteAddr *net.UD
 		// First check for existing sessions to see if we know where to send this packet
 		s.wgSessions.Range(func(k, v interface{}) bool {
 			session := v.(*WireGuardSession)
-			if session.SenderIndex == receiverIndex {
-				// Found matching session
-				destAddr = session.DestAddr
-
-				// Update last seen time
-				session.LastSeen = time.Now()
-				s.wgSessions.Store(k, session)
+			// Check if session matches (read lock for check)
+			if session.GetSenderIndex() == receiverIndex {
+				// Found matching session - get dest addr and update last seen
+				destAddr = session.GetDestAddr()
+				session.UpdateLastSeen()
 				return false // stop iteration
 			}
 			return true // continue iteration
@@ -588,49 +658,69 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) handleResponses(conn *net.UDPConn, destAddr *net.UDPAdd
 // Add a cleanup method to periodically remove idle connections
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) cleanupIdleConnections() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Minute)
-	for range ticker.C {
-		now := time.Now()
-		s.connections.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
-			destConn := value.(*DestinationConn)
-			if now.Sub(destConn.lastUsed) > 10*time.Minute {
-				destConn.conn.Close()
-				s.connections.Delete(key)
-			}
-			return true
-		})
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			now := time.Now()
+			s.connections.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
+				destConn := value.(*DestinationConn)
+				if now.Sub(destConn.lastUsed) > 10*time.Minute {
+					destConn.conn.Close()
+					s.connections.Delete(key)
+				}
+				return true
+			})
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
 	}
 }
 
 // New method to periodically remove idle sessions
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) cleanupIdleSessions() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(5 * time.Minute)
-	for range ticker.C {
-		now := time.Now()
-		s.wgSessions.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
-			session := value.(*WireGuardSession)
-			if now.Sub(session.LastSeen) > 15*time.Minute {
-				s.wgSessions.Delete(key)
-				logger.Debug("Removed idle session: %s", key)
-			}
-			return true
-		})
+
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			now := time.Now()
+			s.wgSessions.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
+				session := value.(*WireGuardSession)
+				// Use thread-safe method to read LastSeen
+				if now.Sub(session.GetLastSeen()) > 15*time.Minute {
+					s.wgSessions.Delete(key)
+					logger.Debug("Removed idle session: %s", key)
+				}
+				return true
+			})
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
 	}
 }
 
 // New method to periodically remove idle proxy mappings
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) cleanupIdleProxyMappings() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Minute)
-	for range ticker.C {
-		now := time.Now()
-		s.proxyMappings.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
-			mapping := value.(ProxyMapping)
-			// Remove mappings that haven't been used in 30 minutes
-			if now.Sub(mapping.LastUsed) > 30*time.Minute {
-				s.proxyMappings.Delete(key)
-				logger.Debug("Removed idle proxy mapping: %s", key)
-			}
-			return true
-		})
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			now := time.Now()
+			s.proxyMappings.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
+				mapping := value.(ProxyMapping)
+				// Remove mappings that haven't been used in 30 minutes
+				if now.Sub(mapping.LastUsed) > 30*time.Minute {
+					s.proxyMappings.Delete(key)
+					logger.Debug("Removed idle proxy mapping: %s", key)
+				}
+				return true
+			})
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -735,8 +825,9 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) clearSessionsForIP(ip string) {
 		keyStr := key.(string)
 		session := value.(*WireGuardSession)
 
-		// Check if the session's destination address contains the WG IP
-		if session.DestAddr != nil && session.DestAddr.IP.String() == ip {
+		// Check if the session's destination address contains the WG IP (thread-safe)
+		destAddr := session.GetDestAddr()
+		if destAddr != nil && destAddr.IP.String() == ip {
 			keysToDelete = append(keysToDelete, keyStr)
 			logger.Debug("Marking session for deletion for WG IP %s: %s", ip, keyStr)
 		}
@@ -748,7 +839,7 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) clearSessionsForIP(ip string) {
 		s.wgSessions.Delete(key)
 	}
 
-	logger.Info("Cleared %d sessions for WG IP: %s", len(keysToDelete), ip)
+	logger.Debug("Cleared %d sessions for WG IP: %s", len(keysToDelete), ip)
 }
 
 // // clearProxyMappingsForWGIP removes all proxy mappings that have destinations pointing to a specific WireGuard IP
@@ -926,14 +1017,12 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) tryRebuildSession(pattern *CommunicationPattern) {
 
 		// Check if we already have this session
 		if _, exists := s.wgSessions.Load(sessionKey); !exists {
-			session := &WireGuardSession{
+			s.wgSessions.Store(sessionKey, &WireGuardSession{
 				ReceiverIndex: pattern.DestIndex,
 				SenderIndex:   pattern.ClientIndex,
 				DestAddr:      pattern.ToDestination,
 				LastSeen:      time.Now(),
-			}
-
-			s.wgSessions.Store(sessionKey, session)
+			})
 			logger.Info("Rebuilt WireGuard session from communication pattern: %s -> %s (packets: %d)",
 				sessionKey, pattern.ToDestination.String(), pattern.PacketCount)
 		}
@@ -943,23 +1032,29 @@ func (s *UDPProxyServer) tryRebuildSession(pattern *CommunicationPattern) {
 // cleanupIdleCommunicationPatterns periodically removes idle communication patterns
 func (s *UDPProxyServer) cleanupIdleCommunicationPatterns() {
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(10 * time.Minute)
-	for range ticker.C {
-		now := time.Now()
-		s.commPatterns.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
-			pattern := value.(*CommunicationPattern)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			now := time.Now()
+			s.commPatterns.Range(func(key, value interface{}) bool {
+				pattern := value.(*CommunicationPattern)
 
-			// Get the most recent activity
-			lastActivity := pattern.LastFromClient
-			if pattern.LastFromDest.After(lastActivity) {
-				lastActivity = pattern.LastFromDest
-			}
+				// Get the most recent activity
+				lastActivity := pattern.LastFromClient
+				if pattern.LastFromDest.After(lastActivity) {
+					lastActivity = pattern.LastFromDest
+				}
 
-			// Remove patterns that haven't had activity in 20 minutes
-			if now.Sub(lastActivity) > 20*time.Minute {
-				s.commPatterns.Delete(key)
-				logger.Debug("Removed idle communication pattern: %s", key)
-			}
-			return true
-		})
+				// Remove patterns that haven't had activity in 20 minutes
+				if now.Sub(lastActivity) > 20*time.Minute {
+					s.commPatterns.Delete(key)
+					logger.Debug("Removed idle communication pattern: %s", key)
+				}
+				return true
+			})
+		case <-s.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
 	}
 }