chore: reuse per-scrape buffers (#2802)

Signed-off-by: Jan-Otto Kröpke <mail@jkroepke.de>

AGENTS.md

@@ -176,6 +176,9 @@ exercised a live Windows role.
   the original `Collection` owns collectors and MI resources. A timed-out call
   may still be running: prevent overlap, drain late metrics and do not free its
   resources while it runs. Honor the supplied scrape budget in blocking APIs.
+  The collection reuses a collector's metrics channel for every call, so
+  `Collect` must not send after it returned, for example from a goroutine it
+  doesn't wait for: the metric would show up in the next scrape.
   `Build` has no budget: bound its MI probe queries with `mi.BuildQueryTimeout`.
   A non-positive MI query timeout selects `mi.DefaultQueryTimeout` (5s), which
   is too short for slow providers.

internal/collector/gpu/utils.go

@@ -92,6 +92,12 @@ func parseGPUCounterInstanceString(s string) Instance {
 type instanceCache struct {
 	mu      sync.Mutex
 	entries map[string]Instance
+	// spare is the map that commit replaced. The next scrape reuses it, so that
+	// the two maps alternate instead of one being allocated per scrape.
+	spare map[string]Instance
+	// active counts the scrapes between begin and commit. A replaced map is
+	// only kept as spare if no scrape may still read it.
+	active int
 }
 
 // instanceScrape parses the instance names of one scrape.
@@ -107,15 +113,24 @@ type instanceScrape struct {
 
 func (c *instanceCache) begin() *instanceScrape {
 	c.mu.Lock()
-	prev := c.entries
+	prev, next := c.entries, c.spare
+	c.spare = nil
+	c.active++
 	c.mu.Unlock()
 
-	return &instanceScrape{cache: c, prev: prev, next: make(map[string]Instance, len(prev))}
+	if next == nil {
+		next = make(map[string]Instance, len(prev))
+	} else {
+		clear(next)
+	}
+
+	return &instanceScrape{cache: c, prev: prev, next: next}
 }
 
 func (c *instanceCache) reset() {
 	c.mu.Lock()
 	c.entries = nil
+	c.spare = nil
 	c.mu.Unlock()
 }
 
@@ -154,7 +169,16 @@ func (s *instanceScrape) commit() {
 		return
 	}
 
-	s.cache.mu.Lock()
-	s.cache.entries = next
-	s.cache.mu.Unlock()
+	c := s.cache
+
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	c.active--
+
+	if c.active == 0 {
+		c.spare = c.entries
+	}
+
+	c.entries = next
 }

internal/collector/gpu/utils_internal_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 package gpu
 
 import (
+	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@@ -109,3 +110,61 @@ func TestInstanceCache(t *testing.T) {
 	cache.reset()
 	require.Empty(t, cache.entries)
 }
+
+func TestInstanceCacheReusesMaps(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var cache instanceCache
+
+	name := "pid_1234_luid_0x00000000_0x00005678_phys_0_eng_0_engtype_3D"
+	want := parseGPUCounterInstanceString(name)
+
+	scrape := cache.begin()
+	scrape.parse(name)
+	scrape.commit()
+
+	first := cache.entries
+
+	scrape = cache.begin()
+	require.Equal(t, want, scrape.parse(name))
+	scrape.commit()
+
+	// The map of the first scrape is kept for the next one.
+	require.Equal(t, reflect.ValueOf(first).Pointer(), reflect.ValueOf(cache.spare).Pointer())
+
+	scrape = cache.begin()
+	require.Equal(t, reflect.ValueOf(first).Pointer(), reflect.ValueOf(scrape.next).Pointer())
+	require.Empty(t, scrape.next)
+	require.Equal(t, want, scrape.parse(name))
+	scrape.commit()
+
+	require.Equal(t, map[string]Instance{name: want}, cache.entries)
+}
+
+func TestInstanceCacheOverlappingScrapes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var cache instanceCache
+
+	name := "luid_0x00000000_0x00005678_phys_0"
+
+	scrape := cache.begin()
+	scrape.parse(name)
+	scrape.commit()
+
+	// a still reads the map that b's commit replaces, so the map must not be reused.
+	a := cache.begin()
+	b := cache.begin()
+	b.parse(name)
+	b.commit()
+
+	require.Nil(t, cache.spare)
+
+	c := cache.begin()
+
+	require.Equal(t, parseGPUCounterInstanceString(name), a.parse(name))
+	require.Equal(t, map[string]Instance{name: parseGPUCounterInstanceString(name)}, a.prev)
+
+	a.commit()
+	c.commit()
+}

internal/httphandler/httphandler.go

@@ -56,10 +56,37 @@ type MetricsHTTPHandler struct {
 	// the exporter itself.
 	exporterMetricsRegistry *prometheus.Registry
 
+	// registries holds idle registries for scrapes of all collectors. Since
+	// prometheus/client_golang#2170 (not in v1.25.0), a registry sizes the buffers of a
+	// Gather by the number of metrics of its previous Gather, so reusing it saves growing
+	// them on every scrape. Filtered scrapes use a new registry each.
+	registries chan *scrapeRegistry
+
 	logger        *slog.Logger
 	timeoutMargin time.Duration
 }
 
+// maxIdleRegistries is the number of idle registries kept for reuse. More are only needed
+// while scrapes overlap.
+const maxIdleRegistries = 4
+
+// scrapeRegistry is a registry that serves one scrape at a time.
+type scrapeRegistry struct {
+	reg       *prometheus.Registry
+	collector scrapeCollector
+}
+
+// scrapeCollector collects the metrics of the scrape that currently uses its registry.
+type scrapeCollector struct {
+	handler *collector.Handler
+}
+
+func (c *scrapeCollector) Describe(_ chan<- *prometheus.Desc) {}
+
+func (c *scrapeCollector) Collect(ch chan<- prometheus.Metric) {
+	c.handler.Collect(ch)
+}
+
 type Options struct {
 	DisableExporterMetrics bool
 	TimeoutMargin          float64
@@ -75,6 +102,7 @@ func New(logger *slog.Logger, metricCollectors *collector.Collection, options *O
 
 	handler := &MetricsHTTPHandler{
 		metricCollectors: metricCollectors,
+		registries:       make(chan *scrapeRegistry, maxIdleRegistries),
 		logger:           logger,
 		timeoutMargin:    toDuration(options.TimeoutMargin),
 	}
@@ -105,7 +133,27 @@ func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	// The scrape's deadline starts now, so time spent waiting for an earlier scrape counts against it.
 	scrapeTimeout := c.getScrapeTimeout(logger, r)
 
-	handler, err := c.handlerFactory(r.Context(), logger, scrapeTimeout, r.URL.Query()["collect[]"])
+	requestedCollectors := r.URL.Query()["collect[]"]
+
+	collectionHandler, err := c.metricCollectors.NewHandlerWithContext(r.Context(), scrapeTimeout, logger, requestedCollectors)
+	if err != nil {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("couldn't create collector handler: %w", err)
+	} else if len(requestedCollectors) == 0 {
+		sr := c.getRegistry()
+		defer c.putRegistry(sr)
+
+		sr.collector.handler = collectionHandler
+
+		c.newHTTPHandler(logger, sr.reg).ServeHTTP(w, r)
+
+		return
+	}
+
+	var handler http.Handler
+	if err == nil {
+		handler, err = c.handlerFactory(logger, collectionHandler)
+	}
+
 	if err != nil {
 		logger.WarnContext(r.Context(), "Couldn't create filtered metrics handler",
 			slog.Any("err", err),
@@ -163,19 +211,44 @@ func toDuration(seconds float64) time.Duration {
 	return time.Duration(seconds * float64(time.Second))
 }
 
-func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) handlerFactory(ctx context.Context, logger *slog.Logger, scrapeTimeout time.Duration, requestedCollectors []string) (http.Handler, error) {
+// getRegistry returns an idle registry for a scrape of all collectors, or a new one.
+func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) getRegistry() *scrapeRegistry {
+	select {
+	case sr := <-c.registries:
+		return sr
+	default:
+	}
+
+	sr := &scrapeRegistry{reg: prometheus.NewRegistry()}
+	sr.reg.MustRegister(version.NewCollector("windows_exporter"), &sr.collector)
+
+	return sr
+}
+
+// putRegistry keeps a registry whose scrape is done for reuse.
+func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) putRegistry(sr *scrapeRegistry) {
+	sr.collector.handler = nil
+
+	select {
+	case c.registries <- sr:
+	default:
+	}
+}
+
+// handlerFactory returns the handler of a filtered scrape, which uses a new registry.
+func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) handlerFactory(logger *slog.Logger, collectionHandler *collector.Handler) (http.Handler, error) {
 	reg := prometheus.NewRegistry()
 	reg.MustRegister(version.NewCollector("windows_exporter"))
 
-	collectionHandler, err := c.metricCollectors.NewHandlerWithContext(ctx, scrapeTimeout, logger, requestedCollectors)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't create collector handler: %w", err)
-	}
-
 	if err := reg.Register(collectionHandler); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("couldn't register Prometheus collector: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	return c.newHTTPHandler(logger, reg), nil
+}
+
+// newHTTPHandler returns the handler that serves the metrics of reg and of the exporter itself.
+func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) newHTTPHandler(logger *slog.Logger, reg *prometheus.Registry) http.Handler {
 	// Scrapes are serialized by the collection, so the handler doesn't limit requests in flight.
 	opts := promhttp.HandlerOpts{
 		ErrorLog:          slog.NewLogLogger(logger.Handler(), slog.LevelError),
@@ -185,7 +258,7 @@ func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) handlerFactory(ctx context.Context, logger *slog.Lo
 	}
 
 	if c.exporterMetricsRegistry == nil {
-		return canceledScrapeHandler(logger, reg, opts), nil
+		return canceledScrapeHandler(logger, reg, opts)
 	}
 
 	// Note that we have to use h.exporterMetricsRegistry here to
@@ -195,7 +268,7 @@ func (c *MetricsHTTPHandler) handlerFactory(ctx context.Context, logger *slog.Lo
 	return promhttp.InstrumentMetricHandler(
 		c.exporterMetricsRegistry,
 		canceledScrapeHandler(logger, mergedGatherer{first: c.exporterMetricsRegistry, second: reg}, opts),
-	), nil
+	)
 }
 
 // canceledScrapeHandler serves the metrics of gatherer like [promhttp.HandlerFor], but fails the

internal/httphandler/httphandler_test.go

@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@ import (
 	"math"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"testing/synctest"
 	"time"
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/internal/types"
 	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/pkg/collector"
 	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
@@ -86,6 +89,46 @@ func TestMetricsHTTPHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Scrapes of all collectors reuse registries. Repeated and overlapping scrapes,
+// mixed with filtered ones, must each serve the metrics once.
+func TestMetricsHTTPHandlerReusesRegistries(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	collection := collector.New(collector.Map{
+		"first":  &testCollector{name: "first"},
+		"second": &testCollector{name: "second"},
+	})
+	handler := httphandler.New(slog.New(slog.DiscardHandler), collection, nil)
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+
+	for i := range 20 {
+		wg.Go(func() {
+			query := ""
+			if i%5 == 0 {
+				query = "?collect[]=first"
+			}
+
+			response := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			handler.ServeHTTP(response, httptest.NewRequestWithContext(t.Context(), http.MethodGet, "/metrics"+query, nil))
+
+			body := response.Body.String()
+
+			assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, response.Code)
+			assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(body, "\nwindows_test_first 42\n"))
+			assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(body, "\nwindows_exporter_build_info{"))
+
+			if query == "" {
+				assert.Equal(t, 1, strings.Count(body, "\nwindows_test_second 42\n"))
+			} else {
+				assert.NotContains(t, body, "windows_test_second")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
 func TestMetricsHTTPHandlerCollectorStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

internal/labelcache/labelcache.go

@@ -143,6 +143,11 @@ type Scrape struct {
 	committed bool
 	// used is set by the first MustNewConstMetric call.
 	used atomic.Bool
+
+	// counters and gauges hold the metrics the scrape hands out. They are
+	// guarded by the lock of the cache.
+	counters chunk[counterMetric]
+	gauges   chunk[gaugeMetric]
 }
 
 // Begin starts a scrape. Call Commit when it is done.
@@ -343,9 +348,10 @@ func mustNewConstMetric[K comparable](s *Scrape, m *seriesMap[K], k K, desc *pro
 	c.mu.Lock()
 	if c.resets == s.resets && !s.committed {
 		if labels, ok := m.get(k, s.generation); ok {
+			metric := s.newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
 			c.mu.Unlock()
 
-			return newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
+			return metric
 		}
 	}
 	c.mu.Unlock()
@@ -368,7 +374,7 @@ func mustNewConstMetric[K comparable](s *Scrape, m *seriesMap[K], k K, desc *pro
 
 	// Another goroutine of the scrape may have added the series meanwhile.
 	if labels, ok := m.get(k, s.generation); ok {
-		return newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
+		return s.newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
 	}
 
 	if *m == nil {
@@ -378,7 +384,7 @@ func mustNewConstMetric[K comparable](s *Scrape, m *seriesMap[K], k K, desc *pro
 	labels := c.intern(out.GetLabel())
 	(*m)[k] = series{labels: labels, seen: s.generation}
 
-	return newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
+	return s.newConstMetric(desc, valueType, value, labels)
 }
 
 func knownValueType(valueType prometheus.ValueType) bool {
@@ -390,20 +396,50 @@ func knownValueType(valueType prometheus.ValueType) bool {
 	}
 }
 
+// Metrics of a scrape are allocated in chunks, which grow from minChunk to
+// maxChunk metrics, so a collector with few series doesn't allocate more
+// than it needs. A metric that is kept keeps its chunk alive, which is why
+// chunks stay small.
+const (
+	minChunk = 8
+	maxChunk = 128
+)
+
+// chunk hands out the metrics of one type of a scrape.
+type chunk[T any] struct {
+	free []T
+	size int
+}
+
+func (c *chunk[T]) next() *T {
+	if len(c.free) == 0 {
+		c.size = min(max(2*c.size, minChunk), maxChunk)
+		c.free = make([]T, c.size)
+	}
+
+	m := &c.free[0]
+	c.free = c.free[1:]
+
+	return m
+}
+
 // newConstMetric returns a const metric with shared label pairs. The value
 // message lives in the metric, so Write doesn't allocate. Label pairs are
 // immutable once written, like those of prometheus.NewConstMetric.
+// The caller holds the lock of the cache, which guards the chunks.
 //
 //nolint:ireturn // Const metrics have no exported type.
-func newConstMetric(desc *prometheus.Desc, valueType prometheus.ValueType, value float64, labels []*dto.LabelPair) prometheus.Metric {
+func (s *Scrape) newConstMetric(desc *prometheus.Desc, valueType prometheus.ValueType, value float64, labels []*dto.LabelPair) prometheus.Metric {
 	switch valueType {
 	case prometheus.CounterValue:
-		m := &counterMetric{desc: desc, labels: labels, value: value}
+		m := s.counters.next()
+		*m = counterMetric{desc: desc, labels: labels, value: value}
 		m.counter.Value = &m.value
 
 		return m
 	case prometheus.GaugeValue:
-		m := &gaugeMetric{desc: desc, labels: labels, value: value}
+		m := s.gauges.next()
+		*m = gaugeMetric{desc: desc, labels: labels, value: value}
 		m.gauge.Value = &m.value
 
 		return m

internal/labelcache/labelcache_test.go

@@ -82,6 +82,38 @@ func TestMustNewConstMetric(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Metrics share chunks, so each must keep its own value, also across chunks
+// and after the next scrape reuses the series.
+func TestChunkedMetricsKeepTheirValues(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var cache labelcache.Cache
+
+	const n = 300
+
+	for scrapeNumber := range 2 {
+		scrape := cache.Begin()
+		metrics := make([]prometheus.Metric, 0, 2*n)
+
+		for i := range n {
+			value := float64(scrapeNumber*1000 + i)
+			metrics = append(metrics,
+				scrape.MustNewConstMetric(counterDesc, prometheus.CounterValue, value, "p", strconv.Itoa(i), "user"),
+				scrape.MustNewConstMetric(gaugeDesc, prometheus.GaugeValue, -value, "p", strconv.Itoa(i)),
+			)
+		}
+
+		scrape.Commit()
+
+		for i := range n {
+			value := float64(scrapeNumber*1000 + i)
+			require.InDelta(t, value, write(t, metrics[2*i]).GetCounter().GetValue(), 0)
+			require.InDelta(t, -value, write(t, metrics[2*i+1]).GetGauge().GetValue(), 0)
+			require.Equal(t, strconv.Itoa(i), write(t, metrics[2*i+1]).GetLabel()[1].GetValue())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // From the second scrape on, a series reuses the label pairs of the previous
 // one; series that a scrape didn't report get new pairs.
 func TestLabelReuse(t *testing.T) {

pkg/collector/collect.go

@@ -176,7 +176,9 @@ func (c *Collection) collectCollector(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- prometheus.
 
 	state := c.state.collector(name)
 
-	switch state.tryCollect() {
+	result, bufCh, doneCh := state.tryCollect()
+
+	switch result {
 	case started:
 	case notAvailable:
 		logger.LogAttrs(ctx, slog.LevelDebug, "collector skipped, because it isn't initialized",
@@ -197,20 +199,12 @@ func (c *Collection) collectCollector(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- prometheus.
 		return pending
 	}
 
-	// bufCh is a buffer channel to store the metrics
-	// This is needed because once timeout is reached, the prometheus registry channel is closed.
-	bufCh := make(chan prometheus.Metric, 1000)
-	errCh := make(chan error, 1)
-
+	// bufCh buffers the metrics, because the prometheus registry closes ch once the scrape ends,
+	// while the collector may still send. The collector state reuses bufCh and doneCh for every call.
 	t := time.Now()
 
-	// execute the collector. The goroutine owns the collector's slot until Collect returns.
 	go func() {
-		// Release the slot before closing bufCh, so the next scrape never sees this call as running.
-		defer close(bufCh)
-		defer state.release()
-
-		errCh <- collect(name, collector, bufCh, maxScrapeDuration)
+		doneCh <- collect(name, collector, bufCh, maxScrapeDuration)
 	}()
 
 	numMetrics := 0
@@ -219,25 +213,29 @@ func (c *Collection) collectCollector(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- prometheus.
 	// This is the only goroutine that writes to ch, and it stops before collectCollector returns.
 	for {
 		select {
-		case m, ok := <-bufCh:
-			if ok {
-				ch <- m
+		case m := <-bufCh:
+			ch <- m
+
+			numMetrics++
+		case err := <-doneCh:
+			// Collect sent its metrics before its result, so the rest is buffered.
+			for len(bufCh) > 0 {
+				ch <- <-bufCh
 
 				numMetrics++
-
-				continue
 			}
 
+			// Release the slot only once bufCh is empty, so the next call starts with an empty buffer.
+			state.release()
+
 			duration := time.Since(t)
 			c.sendCollectorDuration(ch, name, duration)
 
-			return logCollectorResult(ctx, logger, name, <-errCh, duration, numMetrics)
+			return logCollectorResult(ctx, logger, name, err, duration, numMetrics)
 		case <-ctx.Done():
-			// Drain late metrics, so that Collect doesn't block on a full buffer.
-			go func() {
-				for range bufCh {
-				}
-			}()
+			// Drain late metrics, so that Collect doesn't block on a full buffer,
+			// and release the slot once the call returned and bufCh is empty.
+			go drainCollect(state, bufCh, doneCh)
 
 			duration := time.Since(t)
 			c.sendCollectorDuration(ch, name, duration)
@@ -262,6 +260,24 @@ func (c *Collection) collectCollector(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- prometheus.
 	}
 }
 
+// drainCollect drops the metrics of a Collect call that outlived its scrape. Once the call returned
+// and the buffer is empty, it releases the slot of the collector.
+func drainCollect(state *collectorState, bufCh <-chan prometheus.Metric, doneCh <-chan error) {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-bufCh:
+		case <-doneCh: //nolint:errcheck // The scrape already reported the call as timed out.
+			for len(bufCh) > 0 {
+				<-bufCh
+			}
+
+			state.release()
+
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // collect calls Collector.Collect and turns a panic into an error.
 // It begins a scrape of the collector's caches before and ends it after the call.
 func collect(name string, collector Collector, ch chan<- prometheus.Metric, maxScrapeDuration time.Duration) (err error) {

pkg/collector/collect_test.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
 	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -192,6 +193,59 @@ func TestCollectTimedOutCollectorDoesNotOverlap(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+// The metrics buffer of a collector is reused, so the late metrics of a timed-out call must not reach
+// the next scrape.
+func TestCollectLateMetricsDoNotLeak(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	synctest.Test(t, func(t *testing.T) {
+		// More metrics than the buffer holds, so the late call blocks until they are drained.
+		late := &countingCollector{fakeCollector: &fakeCollector{name: "late"}, metrics: 1500, firstDelay: 2 * time.Second}
+		collection := collector.New(collector.Map{"late": late})
+
+		handler, err := collection.NewHandler(300*time.Millisecond, slog.New(slog.DiscardHandler), nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		out := scrape(t, handler)
+		require.Contains(t, out, `windows_exporter_collector_timeout{collector="late"} 1`)
+		require.NotContains(t, out, "windows_test_late")
+
+		// The first call sends its metrics into the buffer after the scrape ended.
+		time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
+		synctest.Wait()
+
+		for call := 2; call <= 3; call++ {
+			out = scrape(t, handler)
+			require.Contains(t, out, `windows_exporter_collector_success{collector="late"} 1`)
+			require.Equal(t, late.metrics, strings.Count(out, "windows_test_late{"))
+			require.Equal(t, late.metrics, strings.Count(out, "} "+strconv.Itoa(call)+"\n"), "scrape %d got metrics of another call", call)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// countingCollector sends metrics whose value is the number of the call. Only the first call waits for firstDelay.
+type countingCollector struct {
+	*fakeCollector
+
+	metrics    int
+	firstDelay time.Duration
+}
+
+func (c *countingCollector) Collect(ch chan<- prometheus.Metric, _ time.Duration) error {
+	call := c.calls.Add(1)
+	if call == 1 {
+		time.Sleep(c.firstDelay)
+	}
+
+	desc := prometheus.NewDesc("windows_test_"+c.name, "Test metric", []string{"i"}, nil)
+
+	for i := range c.metrics {
+		ch <- prometheus.MustNewConstMetric(desc, prometheus.GaugeValue, float64(call), strconv.Itoa(i))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func TestCollectAdmission(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

pkg/collector/state.go

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/internal/mi"
 	"github.com/prometheus-community/windows_exporter/internal/scrapecache"
+	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -162,23 +163,39 @@ type collectorState struct {
 	closed bool
 	// busyLogged is true once a scrape logged that it skipped the current run.
 	busyLogged bool
+
+	// metrics buffers the metrics of a Collect call, and done receives its result.
+	// Only the holder of the slot uses them, so every call reuses them.
+	// The holder releases the slot once done was received and metrics is empty.
+	metrics chan prometheus.Metric
+	done    chan error
 }
 
+// metricsBufferSize is the capacity of collectorState.metrics.
+const metricsBufferSize = 1000
+
 // tryCollect acquires the slot for a Collect call without waiting.
-func (s *collectorState) tryCollect() startResult {
+// On success, it returns the buffers of the call.
+func (s *collectorState) tryCollect() (startResult, chan prometheus.Metric, chan error) {
 	s.mu.Lock()
 	defer s.mu.Unlock()
 
 	if s.closing || s.buildErr != nil {
-		return notAvailable
+		return notAvailable, nil, nil
 	}
 
 	select {
 	case s.slot <- struct{}{}:
-		return started
 	default:
-		return busy
+		return busy, nil, nil
 	}
+
+	if s.metrics == nil {
+		s.metrics = make(chan prometheus.Metric, metricsBufferSize)
+		s.done = make(chan error, 1)
+	}
+
+	return started, s.metrics, s.done
 }
 
 // release releases the slot acquired by tryCollect.