reduce complexity

* Pin actions with SHA, replace unmaintained, add dependabot for actions

* Update FreeBSD to version 15 for tests

* Use shared actions

* Update sign-pipelines version

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+    open-pull-requests-limit: 15
+    groups:
+      actions:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"
+    ignore:
+      # git-town/action v1.3.x crashes on cyclic PR graphs (self-loop main->main
+      # fork PRs) via its topological-sort visualization. Pinned to v1.2.1 in
+      # git-town.yml; block v1.3.x until upstream tolerates cyclic edges.
+      - dependency-name: "git-town/action"
+        update-types:
+          - "version-update:semver-minor"
+          - "version-update:semver-major"
+
+  - package-ecosystem: "gomod"
+    directories:
+      - "/"
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+    open-pull-requests-limit: 15
+    groups:
+      aws-sdk:
+        patterns:
+          - "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/*"
+      pion:
+        patterns:
+          - "github.com/pion/*"
+      gorm:
+        patterns:
+          - "gorm.io/*"
+      otel:
+        patterns:
+          - "go.opentelemetry.io/*"
+      testcontainers:
+        patterns:
+          - "github.com/testcontainers/testcontainers-go/*"
+      wireguard:
+        patterns:
+          - "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard*"

.github/workflows/check-license-dependencies.yml

@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ name: Check License Dependencies
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches: [ main ]
+    branches: [main]
     paths:
-      - 'go.mod'
-      - 'go.sum'
-      - '.github/workflows/check-license-dependencies.yml'
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/check-license-dependencies.yml"
   pull_request:
     paths:
-      - 'go.mod'
-      - 'go.sum'
-      - '.github/workflows/check-license-dependencies.yml'
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/check-license-dependencies.yml"
 
 jobs:
   check-internal-dependencies:
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Check for problematic license dependencies
         run: |
@@ -56,55 +59,57 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-    - name: Set up Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with:
-        go-version-file: 'go.mod'
-        cache: true
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "go.mod"
+          cache: true
 
-    - name: Install go-licenses
-      run: go install github.com/google/go-licenses@v1.6.0
+      - name: Install go-licenses
+        run: go install github.com/google/go-licenses@v1.6.0
 
-    - name: Check for GPL/AGPL licensed dependencies
-      run: |
-        echo "Checking for GPL/AGPL/LGPL licensed dependencies..."
-        echo ""
-
-        # Check all Go packages for copyleft licenses, excluding internal netbird packages
-        COPYLEFT_DEPS=$(go-licenses report ./... 2>/dev/null | grep -E 'GPL|AGPL|LGPL' | grep -v 'github.com/netbirdio/netbird/' || true)
-
-        if [ -n "$COPYLEFT_DEPS" ]; then
-          echo "Found copyleft licensed dependencies:"
-          echo "$COPYLEFT_DEPS"
+      - name: Check for GPL/AGPL licensed dependencies
+        run: |
+          echo "Checking for GPL/AGPL/LGPL licensed dependencies..."
           echo ""
 
-          # Filter out dependencies that are only pulled in by internal AGPL packages
-          INCOMPATIBLE=""
-          while IFS=',' read -r package url license; do
-            if echo "$license" | grep -qE 'GPL-[0-9]|AGPL-[0-9]|LGPL-[0-9]'; then
-              # Find ALL packages that import this GPL package using go list
-              IMPORTERS=$(go list -json -deps ./... 2>/dev/null | jq -r "select(.Imports[]? == \"$package\") | .ImportPath")
+          # Check all Go packages for copyleft licenses, excluding internal netbird packages
+          COPYLEFT_DEPS=$(go-licenses report ./... 2>/dev/null | grep -E 'GPL|AGPL|LGPL' | grep -v 'github.com/netbirdio/netbird/' || true)
 
-              # Check if any importer is NOT in management/signal/relay
-              BSD_IMPORTER=$(echo "$IMPORTERS" | grep -v "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/\(management\|signal\|relay\|proxy\|combined\|tools/idp-migrate\)" | head -1)
-
-              if [ -n "$BSD_IMPORTER" ]; then
-                echo "❌ $package ($license) is imported by BSD-licensed code: $BSD_IMPORTER"
-                INCOMPATIBLE="${INCOMPATIBLE}${package},${url},${license}\n"
-              else
-                echo "✓ $package ($license) is only used by internal AGPL packages - OK"
-              fi
-            fi
-          done <<< "$COPYLEFT_DEPS"
-
-          if [ -n "$INCOMPATIBLE" ]; then
+          if [ -n "$COPYLEFT_DEPS" ]; then
+            echo "Found copyleft licensed dependencies:"
+            echo "$COPYLEFT_DEPS"
             echo ""
-            echo "❌ INCOMPATIBLE licenses found that are used by BSD-licensed code:"
-            echo -e "$INCOMPATIBLE"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-        fi
 
-        echo "✅ All external license dependencies are compatible with BSD-3-Clause"
+            # Filter out dependencies that are only pulled in by internal AGPL packages
+            INCOMPATIBLE=""
+            while IFS=',' read -r package url license; do
+              if echo "$license" | grep -qE 'GPL-[0-9]|AGPL-[0-9]|LGPL-[0-9]'; then
+                # Find ALL packages that import this GPL package using go list
+                IMPORTERS=$(go list -json -deps ./... 2>/dev/null | jq -r "select(.Imports[]? == \"$package\") | .ImportPath")
+
+                # Check if any importer is NOT in management/signal/relay
+                BSD_IMPORTER=$(echo "$IMPORTERS" | grep -v "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/\(management\|signal\|relay\|proxy\|combined\|tools/idp-migrate\)" | head -1)
+
+                if [ -n "$BSD_IMPORTER" ]; then
+                  echo "❌ $package ($license) is imported by BSD-licensed code: $BSD_IMPORTER"
+                  INCOMPATIBLE="${INCOMPATIBLE}${package},${url},${license}\n"
+                else
+                  echo "✓ $package ($license) is only used by internal AGPL packages - OK"
+                fi
+              fi
+            done <<< "$COPYLEFT_DEPS"
+
+            if [ -n "$INCOMPATIBLE" ]; then
+              echo ""
+              echo "❌ INCOMPATIBLE licenses found that are used by BSD-licensed code:"
+              echo -e "$INCOMPATIBLE"
+              exit 1
+            fi
+          fi
+
+          echo "✅ All external license dependencies are compatible with BSD-3-Clause"

.github/workflows/docs-ack.yml

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Verify docs PR exists (and is open or merged)
         if: steps.validate.outputs.mode == 'added'
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
         id: verify
         with:
           pr_number: ${{ steps.extract.outputs.pr_number }}

.github/workflows/forum.yml

@@ -8,11 +8,10 @@ jobs:
   post:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: roots/discourse-topic-github-release-action@main
+      - uses: roots/discourse-topic-github-release-action@557d74ea05b6cc0c47f555c1d5d28a89d904005b # v1.1.0
         with:
           discourse-api-key: ${{ secrets.DISCOURSE_RELEASES_API_KEY }}
           discourse-base-url: https://forum.netbird.io
           discourse-author-username: NetBird
           discourse-category: 17
-          discourse-tags:
-            releases
+          discourse-tags: releases

.github/workflows/git-town.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: Git Town
 on:
   pull_request:
     branches:
-      - '**'
+      - "**"
 
 jobs:
   git-town:
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: git-town/action@v1.2.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: git-town/action@3d8b878379abb1ee393fb49865a28b4a6c2cd3b0 # v1.2.1
         with:
           skip-single-stacks: true

.github/workflows/golang-test-darwin.yml

@@ -16,16 +16,18 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: ~/go/pkg/mod
           key: macos-gotest-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
@@ -44,4 +46,3 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Test
         run: NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=devcert -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /proxy -e /combined)
-

.github/workflows/golang-test-freebsd.yml

@@ -15,20 +15,31 @@ jobs:
     name: "Client / Unit"
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Read Go version from go.mod
+        id: goversion
+        run: echo "version=$(awk '/^go / {print $2}' go.mod)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
       - name: Test in FreeBSD
         id: test
-        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@v1
+        env:
+          GO_VERSION: ${{ steps.goversion.outputs.version }}
+        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@d1e65811565151536c0c894fff74f06351ed26e6 # v1.4.5
         with:
           usesh: true
           copyback: false
-          release: "14.2"
+          release: "15.0"
+          envs: "GO_VERSION"
           prepare: |
             pkg install -y curl pkgconf xorg
-            GO_TARBALL="go1.25.3.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz"
+            GO_TARBALL="go${GO_VERSION}.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz"
             GO_URL="https://go.dev/dl/$GO_TARBALL"
             curl -vLO "$GO_URL"
-            tar -C /usr/local -vxzf "$GO_TARBALL"            
+            tar -C /usr/local -vxzf "$GO_TARBALL"
 
           # -x - to print all executed commands
           # -e - to faile on first error

.github/workflows/golang-test-linux.yml

@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ jobs:
       management: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.management }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@fbd0ab8f3e69293af611ebaee6363fc25e6d187d # v4.0.1
         id: filter
         with:
           filters: |
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@ jobs:
               - 'management/**'
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -36,10 +38,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         id: cache
         with:
           path: |
@@ -113,14 +115,16 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        arch: ["386", "amd64"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -128,10 +132,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -158,14 +162,16 @@ jobs:
 
   test_client_on_docker:
     name: "Client (Docker) / Unit"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    needs: [build-cache]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -177,7 +183,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "modcache_dir=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         id: cache-restore
         with:
           path: |
@@ -231,10 +237,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -246,10 +254,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -277,14 +285,16 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        arch: ["386", "amd64"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -298,7 +308,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -324,14 +334,16 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        arch: ["386", "amd64"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -343,10 +355,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -370,19 +382,21 @@ jobs:
 
   test_management:
     name: "Management / Unit"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    needs: [build-cache]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ 'amd64' ]
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres', 'mysql' ]
+        arch: ["amd64"]
+        store: ["sqlite", "postgres", "mysql"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -390,10 +404,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -410,7 +424,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Login to Docker hub
         if: github.event.pull_request && github.event.pull_request.head.repo && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == '' || github.repository == github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
@@ -427,7 +441,7 @@ jobs:
         run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
 
       - name: Test
-        run: |          
+        run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
             CI=true \
@@ -437,13 +451,13 @@ jobs:
 
   benchmark:
     name: "Management / Benchmark"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    needs: [build-cache]
     if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ 'amd64' ]
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres' ]
+        arch: ["amd64"]
+        store: ["sqlite", "postgres"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Create Docker network
@@ -474,10 +488,12 @@ jobs:
             prom/prometheus
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -485,10 +501,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -505,7 +521,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Login to Docker hub
         if: github.event.pull_request && github.event.pull_request.head.repo && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == '' || github.repository == github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
@@ -529,13 +545,13 @@ jobs:
 
   api_benchmark:
     name: "Management / Benchmark (API)"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    needs: [build-cache]
     if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ 'amd64' ]
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres' ]
+        arch: ["amd64"]
+        store: ["sqlite", "postgres"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Create Docker network
@@ -566,10 +582,12 @@ jobs:
             prom/prometheus
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -577,10 +595,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -597,7 +615,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Login to Docker hub
         if: github.event.pull_request && github.event.pull_request.head.repo && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == '' || github.repository == github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
@@ -623,20 +641,22 @@ jobs:
 
   api_integration_test:
     name: "Management / Integration"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    needs: [build-cache]
     if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        arch: [ 'amd64' ]
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres']
+        arch: ["amd64"]
+        store: ["sqlite", "postgres"]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -644,10 +664,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}

.github/workflows/golang-test-windows.yml

@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         id: go
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ jobs:
           echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ${{ env.cache }}
@@ -44,16 +46,15 @@ jobs:
             ${{ runner.os }}-go-
 
       - name: Download wintun
-        uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
         id: download-wintun
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
-          file-url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/wintun/wintun-0.14.1.zip
-          file-name: wintun.zip
-          location: ${{ env.downloadPath }}
-          sha256: '07c256185d6ee3652e09fa55c0b673e2624b565e02c4b9091c79ca7d2f24ef51'
+          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/wintun/wintun-0.14.1.zip
+          destination: ${{ env.downloadPath }}\wintun.zip
+          sha256: 07c256185d6ee3652e09fa55c0b673e2624b565e02c4b9091c79ca7d2f24ef51
 
       - name: Decompressing wintun files
-        run: tar -zvxf "${{ steps.download-wintun.outputs.file-path }}" -C ${{ env.downloadPath }}
+        run: tar -xvf "${{ steps.download-wintun.outputs.file-path }}" -C ${{ env.downloadPath }}
 
       - run: mv ${{ env.downloadPath }}/wintun/bin/amd64/wintun.dll 'C:\Windows\System32\'
 

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: codespell
-        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v2
+        uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@8f01853be192eb0f849a5c7d721450e7a467c579 # v2.2
         with:
           ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,iif,groupd,testin,groupe,cros,ans,deriver,te,userA,ede,additionals
           skip: go.mod,go.sum,**/proxy/web/**
@@ -38,13 +40,15 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 15
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Check for duplicate constants
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
           ! awk '/const \(/,/)/{print $0}' management/server/activity/codes.go | grep -o '= [0-9]*' | sort | uniq -d | grep .
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
@@ -52,7 +56,7 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
       - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@4afd733a84b1f43292c63897423277bb7f4313a9 # v8.0.0
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@82606bf257cbaff209d206a39f5134f0cfbfd2ee #v9.2.1
         with:
           version: latest
           skip-cache: true

.github/workflows/install-script-test.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: run install script
         env:

.github/workflows/mobile-build-validation.yml

@@ -16,23 +16,25 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
       - name: Setup Android SDK
-        uses: android-actions/setup-android@v3
+        uses: android-actions/setup-android@40fd30fb8d7440372e1316f5d1809ec01dcd3699 # v4.0.1
         with:
           cmdline-tools-version: 8512546
       - name: Setup Java
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654
         with:
           java-version: "11"
           distribution: "adopt"
       - name: NDK Cache
         id: ndk-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: /usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk
           key: ndk-cache-23.1.7779620
@@ -52,9 +54,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
       - name: install gomobile

.github/workflows/pr-title-check.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Validate PR title prefix
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
         with:
           script: |
             const title = context.payload.pull_request.title;

.github/workflows/proto-version-check.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Check for proto tool version changes
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
         with:
           script: |
             const files = await github.paginate(github.rest.pulls.listFiles, {

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
   pull_request:
 
 env:
-  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.1.4"
+  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.1.5"
   GORELEASER_VER: "v2.14.3"
   PRODUCT_NAME: "NetBird"
   COPYRIGHT: "NetBird GmbH"
@@ -24,7 +24,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Generate FreeBSD port diff
         run: bash release_files/freebsd-port-diff.sh
@@ -51,19 +53,26 @@ jobs:
           echo "Generated files for version: $VERSION"
           cat netbird-*.diff
 
+      - name: Read Go version from go.mod
+        id: goversion
+        run: echo "version=$(awk '/^go / {print $2}' go.mod)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
       - name: Test FreeBSD port
         if: steps.check_diff.outputs.diff_exists == 'true'
-        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@v1
+        env:
+          GO_VERSION: ${{ steps.goversion.outputs.version }}
+        uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@d1e65811565151536c0c894fff74f06351ed26e6 # v1.4.5
         with:
           usesh: true
           copyback: false
           release: "15.0"
+          envs: "GO_VERSION"
           prepare: |
             # Install required packages
-            pkg install -y git curl portlint go
+            pkg install -y git curl portlint
 
             # Install Go for building
-            GO_TARBALL="go1.25.5.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz"
+            GO_TARBALL="go${GO_VERSION}.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz"
             GO_URL="https://go.dev/dl/$GO_TARBALL"
             curl -LO "$GO_URL"
             tar -C /usr/local -xzf "$GO_TARBALL"
@@ -93,19 +102,19 @@ jobs:
 
             # Show patched Makefile
             version=$(cat security/netbird/Makefile | grep -E '^DISTVERSION=' | awk '{print $NF}')
-            
+
             cd /usr/ports/security/netbird
             export BATCH=yes
             make package
             pkg add ./work/pkg/netbird-*.pkg
-            
+
             netbird version | grep "$version"
 
             echo "FreeBSD port test completed successfully!"
 
       - name: Upload FreeBSD port files
         if: steps.check_diff.outputs.diff_exists == 'true'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: freebsd-port-files
           path: |
@@ -124,26 +133,25 @@ jobs:
     env:
       flags: ""
     steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
+          persist-credentials: false
+
       - name: Parse semver string
         id: semver_parser
-        uses: booxmedialtd/ws-action-parse-semver@v1
-        with:
-          input_string: ${{ (startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && github.ref) || 'refs/tags/v0.0.0' }}
-          version_extractor_regex: '\/v(.*)$'
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/parse-semver@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
 
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
@@ -156,18 +164,18 @@ jobs:
       - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@ce360397dd3f832beb865e1373c09c0e9f86d70a #v4.0.0
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@4d04d5d9486b7bd6fa91e7baf45bbb4f8b9deedd #v4.0.0
       - name: Login to Docker hub
         if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
-        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
       - name: Log in to the GitHub container registry
         if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        uses: docker/login-action@650006c6eb7dba73a995cc03b0b2d7f5ca915bee # v4.2.0
         with:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
@@ -191,7 +199,7 @@ jobs:
         run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_arm64.syso
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         id: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
           args: release --clean ${{ env.flags }}
@@ -282,28 +290,28 @@ jobs:
           } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
       - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
         id: upload_release
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: release
           path: dist/
           retention-days: 7
       - name: upload linux packages
         id: upload_linux_packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: linux-packages
           path: dist/netbird_linux**
           retention-days: 7
       - name: upload windows packages
         id: upload_windows_packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: windows-packages
           path: dist/netbird_windows**
           retention-days: 7
       - name: upload macos packages
         id: upload_macos_packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: macos-packages
           path: dist/netbird_darwin**
@@ -314,27 +322,26 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       release_ui_artifact_url: ${{ steps.upload_release_ui.outputs.artifact-url }}
     steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
+          persist-credentials: false
+
       - name: Parse semver string
         id: semver_parser
-        uses: booxmedialtd/ws-action-parse-semver@v1
-        with:
-          input_string: ${{ (startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && github.ref) || 'refs/tags/v0.0.0' }}
-          version_extractor_regex: '\/v(.*)$'
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/parse-semver@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
 
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
 
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
@@ -375,7 +382,7 @@ jobs:
         run: goversioninfo -arm -64 -icon client/ui/assets/netbird.ico -manifest client/ui/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_arm64.syso
 
       - name: Run GoReleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
           args: release --config .goreleaser_ui.yaml --clean ${{ env.flags }}
@@ -404,7 +411,7 @@ jobs:
         run: rm -f /tmp/gpg-rpm-signing-key.asc
       - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
         id: upload_release_ui
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: release-ui
           path: dist/
@@ -418,16 +425,17 @@ jobs:
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
           cache: false
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
@@ -441,7 +449,7 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         id: goreleaser
-        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@4c6ab561adb47e50c45ef534e2155934e91c40c1 # v7.2.0
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
           args: release --config .goreleaser_ui_darwin.yaml --clean ${{ env.flags }}
@@ -449,7 +457,7 @@ jobs:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
       - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
         id: upload_release_ui_darwin
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: release-ui-darwin
           path: dist/
@@ -474,27 +482,26 @@ jobs:
       PackageWorkdir: netbird_windows_${{ matrix.arch }}
       downloadPath: '${{ github.workspace }}\temp'
     steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
       - name: Parse semver string
         id: semver_parser
-        uses: booxmedialtd/ws-action-parse-semver@v1
-        with:
-          input_string: ${{ (startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && github.ref) || 'refs/tags/v0.0.0' }}
-          version_extractor_regex: '\/v(.*)$'
-
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/parse-semver@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
 
       - name: Add 7-Zip to PATH
         run: echo "C:\Program Files\7-Zip" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_PATH -Encoding utf8 -Append
 
       - name: Download release artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@70fc10c6e5e1ce46ad2ea6f2b72d43f7d47b13c3 # v8.0.1
         with:
           name: release
           path: release
 
       - name: Download UI release artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@70fc10c6e5e1ce46ad2ea6f2b72d43f7d47b13c3 # v8.0.1
         with:
           name: release-ui
           path: release-ui
@@ -514,29 +521,27 @@ jobs:
           Get-ChildItem $workdir
 
       - name: Download wintun
-        uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
         id: download-wintun
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
-          file-url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/wintun/wintun-0.14.1.zip
-          file-name: wintun.zip
-          location: ${{ env.downloadPath }}
-          sha256: '07c256185d6ee3652e09fa55c0b673e2624b565e02c4b9091c79ca7d2f24ef51'
+          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/wintun/wintun-0.14.1.zip
+          destination: ${{ env.downloadPath }}\wintun.zip
+          sha256: 07c256185d6ee3652e09fa55c0b673e2624b565e02c4b9091c79ca7d2f24ef51
 
       - name: Decompress wintun files
-        run: tar -zvxf "${{ steps.download-wintun.outputs.file-path }}" -C ${{ env.downloadPath }}
+        run: tar -xvf "${{ env.downloadPath }}\wintun.zip" -C ${{ env.downloadPath }}
 
       - name: Move wintun.dll into dist
         run: mv ${{ env.downloadPath }}\wintun\bin\${{ matrix.wintun_arch }}\wintun.dll ${{ github.workspace }}\dist\${{ env.PackageWorkdir }}\
 
       - name: Download Mesa3D (amd64 only)
-        uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
         id: download-mesa3d
         if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
-          file-url: https://downloads.fdossena.com/Projects/Mesa3D/Builds/MesaForWindows-x64-20.1.8.7z
-          file-name: mesa3d.7z
-          location: ${{ env.downloadPath }}
-          sha256: '71c7cb64ec229a1d6b8d62fa08e1889ed2bd17c0eeede8689daf0f25cb31d6b9'
+          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/mesa3d/MesaForWindows-x64-20.1.8.7z
+          destination: ${{ env.downloadPath }}\mesa3d.7z
+          sha256: 71c7cb64ec229a1d6b8d62fa08e1889ed2bd17c0eeede8689daf0f25cb31d6b9
 
       - name: Extract Mesa3D driver (amd64 only)
         if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
@@ -547,35 +552,38 @@ jobs:
         run: mv ${{ env.downloadPath }}\opengl32.dll ${{ github.workspace }}\dist\${{ env.PackageWorkdir }}\
 
       - name: Download EnVar plugin for NSIS
-        uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
-          file-url: https://nsis.sourceforge.io/mediawiki/images/7/7f/EnVar_plugin.zip
-          file-name: envar_plugin.zip
-          location: ${{ github.workspace }}
+          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/nsis/EnVar_plugin.zip
+          destination: ${{ github.workspace }}\envar_plugin.zip
+          sha256: e9aa92de351345ed82795251d838f1ae9041ba35af9d381a5780c7843b01f56a
 
       - name: Extract EnVar plugin
         run: 7z x -o"${{ github.workspace }}/NSIS_Plugins" "${{ github.workspace }}/envar_plugin.zip"
 
       - name: Download ShellExecAsUser plugin for NSIS (amd64 only)
-        uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
         if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/win-download-and-verify@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
         with:
-          file-url: https://nsis.sourceforge.io/mediawiki/images/6/68/ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z
-          file-name: ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z
-          location: ${{ github.workspace }}
+          url: https://pkgs.netbird.io/nsis/ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z
+          destination: ${{ github.workspace }}\ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z
+          sha256: 0a55ea25c7330a92cec028eda8afcaf1b1a7092e0dfb77c21c8f654564b4ff9d
 
       - name: Extract ShellExecAsUser plugin (amd64 only)
         if: matrix.arch == 'amd64'
         run: 7z x -o"${{ github.workspace }}/NSIS_Plugins" "${{ github.workspace }}/ShellExecAsUser_amd64-Unicode.7z"
 
       - name: Build NSIS installer
-        uses: joncloud/makensis-action@v3.3
-        with:
-          additional-plugin-paths: ${{ github.workspace }}/NSIS_Plugins/Plugins
-          script-file: client/installer.nsis
-          arguments: "/V4 /DARCH=${{ matrix.arch }}"
+        shell: pwsh
         env:
           APPVER: ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }}.${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }}.${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }}.${{ github.run_id }}
+        run: |
+          $nsisPluginDir = "C:\Program Files (x86)\NSIS\Plugins\x86-unicode"
+          $srcPlugins    = "${{ github.workspace }}\NSIS_Plugins\Plugins"
+          Get-ChildItem -Path $srcPlugins -Recurse -Filter *.dll |
+            Copy-Item -Destination $nsisPluginDir -Force
+          & "C:\Program Files (x86)\NSIS\makensis.exe" /V4 "/DARCH=${{ matrix.arch }}" client\installer.nsis
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "makensis failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE" }
 
       - name: Rename NSIS installer
         run: mv netbird-installer.exe netbird_installer_test_windows_${{ matrix.arch }}.exe
@@ -592,7 +600,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Upload installer artifacts
         if: always()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
         with:
           name: windows-installer-test-${{ matrix.arch }}
           path: |
@@ -611,7 +619,7 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
     steps:
       - name: Create or update PR comment
-        uses: actions/github-script@v7
+        uses: actions/github-script@3a2844b7e9c422d3c10d287c895573f7108da1b3 # v9.0.0
         env:
           RELEASE_RESULT: ${{ needs.release.result }}
           RELEASE_UI_RESULT: ${{ needs.release_ui.result }}
@@ -703,7 +711,7 @@ jobs:
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
     steps:
       - name: Trigger binaries sign pipelines
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: Sign bin and installer
           repo: netbirdio/sign-pipelines

.github/workflows/sync-main.yml

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Trigger main branch sync
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: sync-main.yml
           repo: ${{ secrets.UPSTREAM_REPO }}
           token: ${{ secrets.NC_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          inputs: '{ "sha": "${{ github.sha }}" }'
+          inputs: '{ "sha": "${{ github.sha }}" }'

.github/workflows/sync-tag.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: sync tag
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - 'v*'
+      - "v*"
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.actor_id }}
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Trigger release tag sync
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: sync-tag.yml
           ref: main
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event.created && !github.event.deleted && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && !contains(github.ref_name, '-')
     steps:
       - name: Trigger android-client submodule bump
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@7a027648b88c2413826b6ddd6c76114894dc5ec4 # v1.3.1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: bump-netbird.yml
           ref: main
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ jobs:
     if: github.event.created && !github.event.deleted && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && !contains(github.ref_name, '-')
     steps:
       - name: Trigger ios-client submodule bump
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@7a027648b88c2413826b6ddd6c76114894dc5ec4 # v1.3.1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: bump-netbird.yml
           ref: main
           repo: netbirdio/ios-client
           token: ${{ secrets.NC_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref_name }}" }'
+          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref_name }}" }'

.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ on:
       - main
   pull_request:
     paths:
-      - 'infrastructure_files/**'
-      - '.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml'
-      - 'management/cmd/**'
-      - 'signal/cmd/**'
+      - "infrastructure_files/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml"
+      - "management/cmd/**"
+      - "signal/cmd/**"
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.actor_id }}
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres', 'mysql' ]
+        store: ["sqlite", "postgres", "mysql"]
     services:
       postgres:
         image: ${{ (matrix.store == 'postgres') && 'postgres' || '' }}
@@ -68,15 +68,17 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo apt-get install -y curl
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@27d5ce7f107fe9357f9df03efb73ab90386fccae # v5.0.5
         with:
           path: ~/go/pkg/mod
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
@@ -139,8 +141,8 @@ jobs:
           CI_NETBIRD_IDP_MGMT_CLIENT_SECRET: testing.client.secret
           CI_NETBIRD_SIGNAL_PORT: 12345
           CI_NETBIRD_STORE_CONFIG_ENGINE: ${{ matrix.store }}
-          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN: '${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN }}$'
-          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN: '${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN }}$'
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN: "${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN }}$"
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN: "${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN }}$"
           CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_IDP_SIGNKEY_REFRESH: false
           CI_NETBIRD_TURN_EXTERNAL_IP: "1.2.3.4"
           CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_DISABLE_DEFAULT_POLICY: false
@@ -254,7 +256,9 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: run script with Zitadel PostgreSQL
         run: NETBIRD_DOMAIN=use-ip bash -x infrastructure_files/getting-started-with-zitadel.sh

.github/workflows/update-docs.yml

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ name: update docs
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - 'v*'
+      - "v*"
     paths:
-      - 'shared/management/http/api/openapi.yml'
+      - "shared/management/http/api/openapi.yml"
 
 jobs:
   trigger_docs_api_update:
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ jobs:
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
     steps:
       - name: Trigger API pages generation
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
+        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@31e2b3319479a63f0ab15bf800eff9e913504e26 # v1.3.2
         with:
           workflow: generate api pages
           repo: netbirdio/docs
           ref: "refs/heads/main"
           token: ${{ secrets.SIGN_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}" }'
+          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}" }'

.github/workflows/wasm-build-validation.yml

@@ -19,15 +19,17 @@ jobs:
       GOARCH: wasm
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
       - name: Install golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@4afd733a84b1f43292c63897423277bb7f4313a9 # v8.0.0
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@82606bf257cbaff209d206a39f5134f0cfbfd2ee #v9.2.1
         with:
           version: latest
           install-mode: binary
@@ -42,9 +44,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6.3.0
         with:
           go-version-file: "go.mod"
       - name: Build Wasm client
@@ -65,4 +69,3 @@ jobs:
             echo "Wasm binary size (${SIZE_MB}MB) exceeds 56MB limit!"
             exit 1
           fi
-

client/internal/auth/pkce_flow.go

@@ -360,7 +360,13 @@ func isRedirectURLPortUsed(redirectURL string, excludedRanges []excludedPortRang
 		return true
 	}
 
-	addr := fmt.Sprintf(":%s", port)
+	// FreeBSD 15 disables connecting to INADDR_ANY (0.0.0.0) as a localhost
+	// alias by default, ensure explicit ip for localhost.
+	host := parsedURL.Hostname()
+	if host == "" {
+		host = "127.0.0.1"
+	}
+	addr := net.JoinHostPort(host, port)
 	conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 3*time.Second)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false

client/internal/peer/conn.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer/id"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer/worker"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/portforward"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/rosenpass"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/stdnet"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
 	relayClient "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/relay/client"
@@ -899,7 +900,7 @@ func (conn *Conn) presharedKey(remoteRosenpassKey []byte) *wgtypes.Key {
 	}
 
 	// Fallback to deterministic key if no NetBird PSK is configured
-	determKey, err := conn.rosenpassDetermKey()
+	determKey, err := rosenpass.DeterministicSeedKey(conn.config.LocalKey, conn.config.Key)
 	if err != nil {
 		conn.Log.Errorf("failed to generate Rosenpass initial key: %v", err)
 		return nil
@@ -908,26 +909,6 @@ func (conn *Conn) presharedKey(remoteRosenpassKey []byte) *wgtypes.Key {
 	return determKey
 }
 
-// todo: move this logic into Rosenpass package
-func (conn *Conn) rosenpassDetermKey() (*wgtypes.Key, error) {
-	lk := []byte(conn.config.LocalKey)
-	rk := []byte(conn.config.Key) // remote key
-	var keyInput []byte
-	if string(lk) > string(rk) {
-		//nolint:gocritic
-		keyInput = append(lk[:16], rk[:16]...)
-	} else {
-		//nolint:gocritic
-		keyInput = append(rk[:16], lk[:16]...)
-	}
-
-	key, err := wgtypes.NewKey(keyInput)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &key, nil
-}
-
 func isController(config ConnConfig) bool {
 	return config.LocalKey > config.Key
 }

client/internal/portforward/pcp/nat.go

@@ -179,8 +179,10 @@ func getDefaultGateway() (gateway net.IP, localIP net.IP, err error) {
 	}
 
 	dst := net.IPv4zero
-	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
-		// go-netroute v0.4.0 rejects unspecified destinations client-side on Linux.
+	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "android" {
+		// go-netroute v0.4.0 rejects unspecified destinations client-side on Linux/Android.
+		// TODO: on android/ios, use platform APIs (ConnectivityManager.getLinkProperties /
+		// NWPathMonitor) when netlink-based lookup is restricted or unavailable.
 		dst = net.IPv4(0, 0, 0, 1)
 	}
 	_, gateway, localIP, err = router.Route(dst)
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@ func getDefaultGateway6() (gateway net.IP, localIP net.IP, err error) {
 	}
 
 	dst := net.IPv6zero
-	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "android" {
 		// ::2
 		dst = net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2}
 	}

client/internal/rosenpass/manager.go

@@ -28,6 +28,15 @@ func hashRosenpassKey(key []byte) string {
 	return hex.EncodeToString(hasher.Sum(nil))
 }
 
+// rpServer is the subset of rp.Server used by Manager. Defined as an interface
+// so tests can substitute a mock without spinning up a real UDP server.
+type rpServer interface {
+	AddPeer(rp.PeerConfig) (rp.PeerID, error)
+	RemovePeer(rp.PeerID) error
+	Run() error
+	Close() error
+}
+
 type Manager struct {
 	ifaceName    string
 	spk          []byte
@@ -36,7 +45,7 @@ type Manager struct {
 	preSharedKey *[32]byte
 	rpPeerIDs    map[string]*rp.PeerID
 	rpWgHandler  *NetbirdHandler
-	server       *rp.Server
+	server       rpServer
 	lock         sync.Mutex
 	port         int
 	wgIface      PresharedKeySetter
@@ -51,7 +60,22 @@ func NewManager(preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key, wgIfaceName string) (*Manager, error)
 
 	rpKeyHash := hashRosenpassKey(public)
 	log.Tracef("generated new rosenpass key pair with public key %s", rpKeyHash)
-	return &Manager{ifaceName: wgIfaceName, rpKeyHash: rpKeyHash, spk: public, ssk: secret, preSharedKey: (*[32]byte)(preSharedKey), rpPeerIDs: make(map[string]*rp.PeerID), lock: sync.Mutex{}}, nil
+	return &Manager{
+		ifaceName:    wgIfaceName,
+		rpKeyHash:    rpKeyHash,
+		spk:          public,
+		ssk:          secret,
+		preSharedKey: (*[32]byte)(preSharedKey),
+		rpPeerIDs:    make(map[string]*rp.PeerID),
+		// rpWgHandler is created here (instead of only in generateConfig) so it
+		// is never nil between NewManager and Run(). Otherwise an early
+		// OnConnected call (race observed on Android, issue #4341) panics on
+		// nil receiver in addPeer -> m.rpWgHandler.AddPeer. generateConfig will
+		// replace it with a fresh handler on each Run() to clear stale peer
+		// state from previous engine sessions.
+		rpWgHandler: NewNetbirdHandler(),
+		lock:        sync.Mutex{},
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) GetPubKey() []byte {
@@ -65,6 +89,16 @@ func (m *Manager) GetAddress() *net.UDPAddr {
 
 // addPeer adds a new peer to the Rosenpass server
 func (m *Manager) addPeer(rosenpassPubKey []byte, rosenpassAddr string, wireGuardIP string, wireGuardPubKey string) error {
+	// Defense in depth against issue #4341 (Android crash): if Run() has not
+	// completed yet, m.server / m.rpWgHandler may be nil. Return an explicit
+	// error instead of panicking on nil-receiver dereference.
+	if m.server == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("rosenpass server not initialized")
+	}
+	if m.rpWgHandler == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("rosenpass wg handler not initialized")
+	}
+
 	var err error
 	pcfg := rp.PeerConfig{PublicKey: rosenpassPubKey}
 	if m.preSharedKey != nil {
@@ -79,6 +113,16 @@ func (m *Manager) addPeer(rosenpassPubKey []byte, rosenpassAddr string, wireGuar
 		if pcfg.Endpoint, err = net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", peerAddr); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to resolve peer endpoint address: %w", err)
 		}
+		// Our local Rosenpass UDP server binds on the IPv6 wildcard ([::]) — see
+		// GetAddress(). The remote peer's endpoint (pcfg.Endpoint) is the destination
+		// our server will sendto when initiating handshakes. ResolveUDPAddr returns a
+		// 4-byte IPv4 for IPv4 hosts, which the kernel rejects (EDESTADDRREQ) when
+		// sent from an AF_INET6 socket. Normalize the remote endpoint to IPv4-mapped
+		// IPv6 so its address family matches our listening socket.
+		// TODO: maybe bind the Rosenpass UDP server to the peer wg IP addr
+		if v4 := pcfg.Endpoint.IP.To4(); v4 != nil {
+			pcfg.Endpoint.IP = v4.To16()
+		}
 	}
 	peerID, err := m.server.AddPeer(pcfg)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -182,24 +226,31 @@ func (m *Manager) Run() error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	m.server, err = rp.NewUDPServer(conf)
+	server, err := rp.NewUDPServer(conf)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	m.lock.Lock()
+	m.server = server
+	m.lock.Unlock()
+
 	log.Infof("starting rosenpass server on port %d", m.port)
 
-	return m.server.Run()
+	return server.Run()
 }
 
 // Close closes the Rosenpass server
 func (m *Manager) Close() error {
-	if m.server != nil {
-		err := m.server.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed closing local rosenpass server")
-		}
-		m.server = nil
+	m.lock.Lock()
+	server := m.server
+	m.server = nil
+	m.lock.Unlock()
+	if server == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := server.Close(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed closing local rosenpass server: %v", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }

client/internal/rosenpass/manager_test.go

@@ -1,14 +1,412 @@
 package rosenpass
 
 import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
+	rp "cunicu.li/go-rosenpass"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 )
 
+// --- test doubles -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+type addPeerCall struct {
+	cfg rp.PeerConfig
+}
+
+type removePeerCall struct {
+	id rp.PeerID
+}
+
+type mockServer struct {
+	mu        sync.Mutex
+	addCalls  []addPeerCall
+	removed   []removePeerCall
+	nextID    rp.PeerID
+	addErr    error
+	removeErr error
+	closed    bool
+	ran       bool
+}
+
+func (m *mockServer) AddPeer(cfg rp.PeerConfig) (rp.PeerID, error) {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	m.addCalls = append(m.addCalls, addPeerCall{cfg: cfg})
+	if m.addErr != nil {
+		return rp.PeerID{}, m.addErr
+	}
+	// Increment a byte in nextID so distinct peers get distinct IDs.
+	m.nextID[0]++
+	return m.nextID, nil
+}
+
+func (m *mockServer) RemovePeer(id rp.PeerID) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	m.removed = append(m.removed, removePeerCall{id: id})
+	return m.removeErr
+}
+
+func (m *mockServer) Run() error   { m.ran = true; return nil }
+func (m *mockServer) Close() error { m.closed = true; return nil }
+
+type setPSKCall struct {
+	peerKey    string
+	psk        wgtypes.Key
+	updateOnly bool
+}
+
+type mockIface struct {
+	mu    sync.Mutex
+	calls []setPSKCall
+	err   error
+}
+
+func (m *mockIface) SetPresharedKey(peerKey string, psk wgtypes.Key, updateOnly bool) error {
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	m.calls = append(m.calls, setPSKCall{peerKey: peerKey, psk: psk, updateOnly: updateOnly})
+	return m.err
+}
+
+// newTestManager builds a Manager with deterministic spk so tie-break
+// against a peer pubkey is controllable from tests. The provided spk byte
+// becomes the first byte; remaining bytes are zero.
+func newTestManager(spkFirstByte byte, mock *mockServer) *Manager {
+	spk := make([]byte, 32)
+	spk[0] = spkFirstByte
+	return &Manager{
+		ifaceName:   "wt0",
+		spk:         spk,
+		ssk:         make([]byte, 32),
+		rpKeyHash:   "test-hash",
+		rpPeerIDs:   make(map[string]*rp.PeerID),
+		rpWgHandler: NewNetbirdHandler(),
+		server:      mock,
+	}
+}
+
+// validWGKey returns a deterministic 32-byte wireguard public key (base64).
+func validWGKey(t *testing.T, lastByte byte) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	var k wgtypes.Key
+	k[31] = lastByte
+	return k.String()
+}
+
+// --- pure helpers ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestHashRosenpassKey_Deterministic(t *testing.T) {
+	key := []byte("hello-rosenpass")
+	require.Equal(t, hashRosenpassKey(key), hashRosenpassKey(key))
+	require.Len(t, hashRosenpassKey(key), 64) // sha256 hex
+}
+
+func TestHashRosenpassKey_DifferentInputsDifferOutputs(t *testing.T) {
+	require.NotEqual(t, hashRosenpassKey([]byte("a")), hashRosenpassKey([]byte("b")))
+}
+
+func TestGetLogLevel_DefaultWhenUnset(t *testing.T) {
+	// Snapshot + unset to exercise the LookupEnv ok=false branch. t.Setenv
+	// can only set, not delete, so do it manually with restore via t.Cleanup.
+	prev, hadPrev := os.LookupEnv(defaultLogLevelVar)
+	require.NoError(t, os.Unsetenv(defaultLogLevelVar))
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		if hadPrev {
+			_ = os.Setenv(defaultLogLevelVar, prev)
+		} else {
+			_ = os.Unsetenv(defaultLogLevelVar)
+		}
+	})
+	require.Equal(t, defaultLog.String(), getLogLevel().String())
+}
+
+func TestGetLogLevel_Cases(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := map[string]string{
+		"debug":   "DEBUG",
+		"info":    "INFO",
+		"warn":    "WARN",
+		"error":   "ERROR",
+		"unknown": "INFO", // default fallback
+	}
+	for input, wantStr := range cases {
+		input, wantStr := input, wantStr
+		t.Run(input, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Setenv(defaultLogLevelVar, input)
+			require.Equal(t, wantStr, getLogLevel().String())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFindRandomAvailableUDPPort(t *testing.T) {
 	port, err := findRandomAvailableUDPPort()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Greater(t, port, 0)
 	require.LessOrEqual(t, port, 65535)
 }
+
+// --- addPeer ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestAddPeer_HigherLocalPubkey_SetsEndpoint(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv) // local spk lexicographically larger
+
+	remotePubKey := make([]byte, 32) // remote spk = all zeros (smaller)
+	err := m.addPeer(remotePubKey, "rosenpass-host:7000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, srv.addCalls, 1)
+
+	ep := srv.addCalls[0].cfg.Endpoint
+	require.NotNil(t, ep, "initiator side must set Endpoint")
+	require.Equal(t, 7000, ep.Port)
+	require.Equal(t, "100.1.1.1", ep.IP.String())
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_HigherLocalPubkey_EndpointIPIsIPv4Mapped(t *testing.T) {
+	// Regression guard for the EDESTADDRREQ fix: Endpoint.IP must be 16-byte
+	// (IPv4-mapped IPv6) so it matches the AF_INET6 listening socket family.
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	ep := srv.addCalls[0].cfg.Endpoint
+	require.NotNil(t, ep)
+	require.Len(t, ep.IP, 16, "IPv4 endpoint must be normalized to 16-byte v4-mapped form")
+	require.True(t, ep.IP.To4() != nil, "Endpoint must still be detected as IPv4")
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_LowerLocalPubkey_LeavesEndpointNil(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0x00, srv) // local spk smaller
+
+	remotePubKey := make([]byte, 32)
+	remotePubKey[0] = 0xFF
+	err := m.addPeer(remotePubKey, "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 2))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.Nil(t, srv.addCalls[0].cfg.Endpoint, "responder side must NOT set Endpoint")
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_PresharedKeyPropagated(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	psk := &wgtypes.Key{0x42}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+	m.preSharedKey = (*[32]byte)(psk)
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 3))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, [32]byte(*psk), [32]byte(srv.addCalls[0].cfg.PresharedKey))
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_InvalidRosenpassAddr_ReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv) // initiator path → parses rosenpassAddr
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "not-a-host-port", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Empty(t, srv.addCalls, "server.AddPeer must not run when address parse fails")
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_InvalidWireGuardPubKey_ReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", "not-a-valid-key")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_ServerError_Propagates(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{addErr: errors.New("boom")}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}
+
+// Regression guard for issue #4341 (Android crash). If Run() has not completed
+// before OnConnected fires, m.rpWgHandler or m.server may be nil. Without the
+// nil guards, m.rpWgHandler.AddPeer panics on nil receiver.
+func TestAddPeer_NilHandler_ReturnsErrorNoCrash(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+	m.rpWgHandler = nil // simulate Run() not yet completed
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "wg handler not initialized")
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_NilServer_ReturnsErrorNoCrash(t *testing.T) {
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, nil)
+	m.server = nil // simulate Run() not yet completed
+
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", validWGKey(t, 1))
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, err.Error(), "server not initialized")
+}
+
+// NewManager must pre-initialize rpWgHandler so the nil-receiver crash from
+// issue #4341 cannot occur in the window between NewManager and Run().
+func TestNewManager_PreInitializesHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	psk := wgtypes.Key{}
+	m, err := NewManager(&psk, "wt0")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, m.rpWgHandler, "rpWgHandler must be initialized in NewManager")
+}
+
+func TestAddPeer_RecordsPeerID(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	wgKey := validWGKey(t, 5)
+	err := m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", wgKey)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Contains(t, m.rpPeerIDs, wgKey)
+}
+
+// --- OnConnected / OnDisconnected ------------------------------------------
+
+func TestOnConnected_NilRemotePubKey_NoAddPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	m.OnConnected(validWGKey(t, 1), nil, "100.1.1.1", "rp:5000")
+	require.Empty(t, srv.addCalls, "nil remote rosenpass pubkey must skip AddPeer")
+	require.Empty(t, m.rpPeerIDs)
+}
+
+func TestOnConnected_ValidPubKey_CallsAddPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	wgKey := validWGKey(t, 1)
+	m.OnConnected(wgKey, make([]byte, 32), "100.1.1.1", "rp:5000")
+	require.Len(t, srv.addCalls, 1)
+	require.Contains(t, m.rpPeerIDs, wgKey)
+}
+
+func TestOnDisconnected_UnknownPeer_NoOp(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	m.OnDisconnected(validWGKey(t, 99))
+	require.Empty(t, srv.removed, "unknown peer key must not call RemovePeer")
+}
+
+func TestOnDisconnected_KnownPeer_CallsRemoveAndForgets(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	wgKey := validWGKey(t, 1)
+	require.NoError(t, m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", wgKey))
+	require.Contains(t, m.rpPeerIDs, wgKey)
+
+	m.OnDisconnected(wgKey)
+	require.Len(t, srv.removed, 1)
+	require.NotContains(t, m.rpPeerIDs, wgKey, "peer must be forgotten after disconnect")
+}
+
+// --- IsPresharedKeyInitialized ---------------------------------------------
+
+func TestIsPresharedKeyInitialized_UnknownPeer_ReturnsFalse(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+	require.False(t, m.IsPresharedKeyInitialized(validWGKey(t, 1)))
+}
+
+func TestIsPresharedKeyInitialized_AddedButNotHandshaken_ReturnsFalse(t *testing.T) {
+	srv := &mockServer{}
+	m := newTestManager(0xFF, srv)
+
+	wgKey := validWGKey(t, 2)
+	require.NoError(t, m.addPeer(make([]byte, 32), "rp:5000", "100.1.1.1", wgKey))
+	require.False(t, m.IsPresharedKeyInitialized(wgKey))
+}
+
+// --- NetbirdHandler.outputKey ----------------------------------------------
+
+func TestHandler_OutputKey_FirstCallUsesUpdateOnlyFalse(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	iface := &mockIface{}
+	h.SetInterface(iface)
+
+	pid := rp.PeerID{0x01}
+	wgKey := wgtypes.Key{0xAA}
+	h.AddPeer(pid, "wt0", rp.Key(wgKey))
+
+	psk := rp.Key{0xBB}
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, psk)
+
+	require.Len(t, iface.calls, 1)
+	require.False(t, iface.calls[0].updateOnly, "first PSK rotation must use updateOnly=false")
+	require.Equal(t, wgKey.String(), iface.calls[0].peerKey)
+}
+
+func TestHandler_OutputKey_SubsequentCallsUseUpdateOnlyTrue(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	iface := &mockIface{}
+	h.SetInterface(iface)
+
+	pid := rp.PeerID{0x02}
+	h.AddPeer(pid, "wt0", rp.Key(wgtypes.Key{0xCC}))
+
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, rp.Key{0x01}) // first
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, rp.Key{0x02}) // second
+
+	require.Len(t, iface.calls, 2)
+	require.False(t, iface.calls[0].updateOnly)
+	require.True(t, iface.calls[1].updateOnly, "subsequent rotations must use updateOnly=true")
+}
+
+func TestHandler_OutputKey_NilInterface_NoCrashNoCall(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	// no SetInterface — iface remains nil
+	pid := rp.PeerID{0x03}
+	h.AddPeer(pid, "wt0", rp.Key(wgtypes.Key{}))
+
+	// Must not panic.
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, rp.Key{})
+}
+
+func TestHandler_OutputKey_UnknownPeer_NoCall(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	iface := &mockIface{}
+	h.SetInterface(iface)
+
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(rp.PeerID{0xFF}, rp.Key{})
+	require.Empty(t, iface.calls, "unknown peer id must not trigger SetPresharedKey")
+}
+
+func TestHandler_RemovePeer_ClearsInitializedState(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	iface := &mockIface{}
+	h.SetInterface(iface)
+
+	pid := rp.PeerID{0x04}
+	h.AddPeer(pid, "wt0", rp.Key(wgtypes.Key{0xDD}))
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, rp.Key{0x01})
+	require.True(t, h.IsPeerInitialized(pid))
+
+	h.RemovePeer(pid)
+	require.False(t, h.IsPeerInitialized(pid), "RemovePeer must clear initialized flag")
+}
+
+func TestHandler_SetInterfaceAfterAddPeer_StillReceivesKey(t *testing.T) {
+	h := NewNetbirdHandler()
+	pid := rp.PeerID{0x05}
+	wgKey := wgtypes.Key{0xEE}
+	h.AddPeer(pid, "wt0", rp.Key(wgKey))
+
+	iface := &mockIface{}
+	h.SetInterface(iface) // set after AddPeer
+
+	h.HandshakeCompleted(pid, rp.Key{0x42})
+	require.Len(t, iface.calls, 1)
+	require.Equal(t, wgKey.String(), iface.calls[0].peerKey)
+}

client/internal/rosenpass/seed.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package rosenpass
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
+)
+
+// DeterministicSeedKey derives a 32-byte WireGuard preshared key from a pair
+// of peer public keys. Both peers, given the same key pair, produce the same
+// output regardless of which side runs the function: the inputs are ordered
+// lexicographically before concatenation.
+//
+// NetBird uses this value as the initial Rosenpass-side preshared key when no
+// explicit account-level PSK is configured, so both peers converge on the same
+// PSK before the first post-quantum handshake completes.
+//
+// The resulting key MUST NOT be treated as quantum-safe: it is deterministic
+// from public keys and exists only to seed WireGuard until Rosenpass rotates
+// in a real post-quantum PSK.
+func DeterministicSeedKey(localKey, remoteKey string) (*wgtypes.Key, error) {
+	lk := []byte(localKey)
+	rk := []byte(remoteKey)
+	if len(lk) < 16 || len(rk) < 16 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rosenpass: peer keys must be at least 16 bytes (got local=%d, remote=%d)", len(lk), len(rk))
+	}
+
+	var keyInput []byte
+	if localKey > remoteKey {
+		keyInput = append(keyInput, lk[:16]...)
+		keyInput = append(keyInput, rk[:16]...)
+	} else {
+		keyInput = append(keyInput, rk[:16]...)
+		keyInput = append(keyInput, lk[:16]...)
+	}
+
+	key, err := wgtypes.NewKey(keyInput)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rosenpass: deterministic seed key: %w", err)
+	}
+	return &key, nil
+}

client/internal/rosenpass/seed_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package rosenpass
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestDeterministicSeedKey_SameForBothSides(t *testing.T) {
+	// Peer A and peer B must derive the same PSK regardless of which side
+	// computes it: the function orders inputs internally.
+	a := strings.Repeat("a", 32)
+	b := strings.Repeat("b", 32)
+
+	keyAB, err := DeterministicSeedKey(a, b)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	keyBA, err := DeterministicSeedKey(b, a)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Equal(t, keyAB.String(), keyBA.String(), "swapping arguments must yield identical key")
+}
+
+func TestDeterministicSeedKey_ChangesWithKeys(t *testing.T) {
+	a := strings.Repeat("a", 32)
+	b := strings.Repeat("b", 32)
+	c := strings.Repeat("c", 32)
+
+	keyAB, err := DeterministicSeedKey(a, b)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	keyAC, err := DeterministicSeedKey(a, c)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotEqual(t, keyAB.String(), keyAC.String(), "different peer pair must yield different key")
+}
+
+func TestDeterministicSeedKey_TooShortKey_ReturnsError(t *testing.T) {
+	short := "short" // < 16 bytes
+	long := strings.Repeat("x", 32)
+
+	_, err := DeterministicSeedKey(short, long)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	_, err = DeterministicSeedKey(long, short)
+	require.Error(t, err)
+}

client/internal/statemanager/manager.go

@@ -96,17 +96,19 @@ func (m *Manager) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	m.mu.Lock()
-	defer m.mu.Unlock()
+	cancel := m.cancel
+	done := m.done
+	m.mu.Unlock()
 
-	if m.cancel == nil {
+	if cancel == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	m.cancel()
+	cancel()
 
 	select {
 	case <-ctx.Done():
 		return ctx.Err()
-	case <-m.done:
+	case <-done:
 	}
 
 	return nil

combined/cmd/root.go

@@ -67,6 +67,10 @@ func init() {
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(newTokenCommands())
 }
 
+func RootCmd() *cobra.Command {
+	return rootCmd
+}
+
 func Execute() error {
 	return rootCmd.Execute()
 }
@@ -168,7 +172,7 @@ func initializeConfig() error {
 // serverInstances holds all server instances created during startup.
 type serverInstances struct {
 	relaySrv      *relayServer.Server
-	mgmtSrv       *mgmtServer.BaseServer
+	mgmtSrv       mgmtServer.Server
 	signalSrv     *signalServer.Server
 	healthcheck   *healthcheck.Server
 	stunServer    *stun.Server
@@ -324,19 +328,24 @@ func setupServerHooks(servers *serverInstances, cfg *CombinedConfig) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	servers.mgmtSrv.AfterInit(func(s *mgmtServer.BaseServer) {
-		grpcSrv := s.GRPCServer()
+	if s, ok := servers.mgmtSrv.GetContainer(mgmtServer.ContainerKeyBaseServer); ok {
+		if baseServer, ok := s.(*mgmtServer.BaseServer); ok {
+			baseServer.AfterInit(func(s *mgmtServer.BaseServer) {
+				grpcSrv := s.GRPCServer()
 
-		if servers.signalSrv != nil {
-			proto.RegisterSignalExchangeServer(grpcSrv, servers.signalSrv)
-			log.Infof("Signal server registered on port %s", cfg.Server.ListenAddress)
-		}
+				if servers.signalSrv != nil {
+					proto.RegisterSignalExchangeServer(grpcSrv, servers.signalSrv)
+					log.Infof("Signal server registered on port %s", cfg.Server.ListenAddress)
+				}
 
-		s.SetHandlerFunc(createCombinedHandler(grpcSrv, s.APIHandler(), s.IDPHandler(), servers.relaySrv, servers.metricsServer.Meter, cfg))
-		if servers.relaySrv != nil {
-			log.Infof("Relay WebSocket handler added (path: /relay)")
+				s.SetHandlerFunc(createCombinedHandler(grpcSrv, s.APIHandler(), s.IDPHandler(), servers.relaySrv, servers.metricsServer.Meter, cfg))
+				if servers.relaySrv != nil {
+					log.Infof("Relay WebSocket handler added (path: /relay)")
+				}
+			})
 		}
-	})
+	}
+
 }
 
 func startServers(wg *sync.WaitGroup, srv *relayServer.Server, httpHealthcheck *healthcheck.Server, stunServer *stun.Server, metricsServer *sharedMetrics.Metrics) {
@@ -346,38 +355,32 @@ func startServers(wg *sync.WaitGroup, srv *relayServer.Server, httpHealthcheck *
 		log.Infof("Relay WebSocket multiplexed on management port (no separate relay listener)")
 	}
 
-	wg.Add(1)
-	go func() {
-		defer wg.Done()
+	wg.Go(func() {
 		log.Infof("running metrics server: %s%s", metricsServer.Addr, metricsServer.Endpoint)
 		if err := metricsServer.ListenAndServe(); !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to start metrics server: %v", err)
 		}
-	}()
+	})
 
-	wg.Add(1)
-	go func() {
-		defer wg.Done()
+	wg.Go(func() {
 		if err := httpHealthcheck.ListenAndServe(); !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to start healthcheck server: %v", err)
 		}
-	}()
+	})
 
 	if stunServer != nil {
-		wg.Add(1)
-		go func() {
-			defer wg.Done()
+		wg.Go(func() {
 			if err := stunServer.Listen(); err != nil {
 				if errors.Is(err, stun.ErrServerClosed) {
 					return
 				}
 				log.Errorf("STUN server error: %v", err)
 			}
-		}()
+		})
 	}
 }
 
-func shutdownServers(ctx context.Context, srv *relayServer.Server, httpHealthcheck *healthcheck.Server, stunServer *stun.Server, mgmtSrv *mgmtServer.BaseServer, metricsServer *sharedMetrics.Metrics) error {
+func shutdownServers(ctx context.Context, srv *relayServer.Server, httpHealthcheck *healthcheck.Server, stunServer *stun.Server, mgmtSrv mgmtServer.Server, metricsServer *sharedMetrics.Metrics) error {
 	var errs error
 
 	if err := httpHealthcheck.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -491,7 +494,7 @@ func handleTLSConfig(cfg *CombinedConfig) (*tls.Config, bool, error) {
 	return nil, false, nil
 }
 
-func createManagementServer(cfg *CombinedConfig, mgmtConfig *nbconfig.Config) (*mgmtServer.BaseServer, error) {
+func createManagementServer(cfg *CombinedConfig, mgmtConfig *nbconfig.Config) (mgmtServer.Server, error) {
 	mgmt := cfg.Management
 
 	// Extract port from listen address
@@ -502,7 +505,7 @@ func createManagementServer(cfg *CombinedConfig, mgmtConfig *nbconfig.Config) (*
 	}
 	mgmtPort, _ := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
 
-	mgmtSrv := mgmtServer.NewServer(
+	mgmtSrv := newServer(
 		&mgmtServer.Config{
 			NbConfig:                mgmtConfig,
 			DNSDomain:               "",

combined/cmd/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	mgmtServer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/server"
+)
+
+var newServer = func(cfg *mgmtServer.Config) mgmtServer.Server {
+	return mgmtServer.NewServer(cfg)
+}
+
+func SetNewServer(fn func(*mgmtServer.Config) mgmtServer.Server) {
+	newServer = fn
+}

go.mod

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ module github.com/netbirdio/netbird
 go 1.25.5
 
 require (
-	cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.4.0
+	cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.5.42
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0
 	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/vishvananda/netlink v1.3.1
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.50.0
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.43.0
-	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20230704135630-469159ecf7d1
-	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6
+	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard v0.0.0-20231211153847-12269c276173
+	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20241231184526-a9ab2273dd10
 	golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/windows v0.5.3
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.80.0
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3 v1.87.3
 	github.com/c-robinson/iplib v1.0.3
 	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.21.3
-	github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.15.0
+	github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.19.0
 	github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14
 	github.com/coreos/go-iptables v0.7.0
 	github.com/coreos/go-oidc/v3 v3.18.0
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0
 	github.com/google/gopacket v1.1.19
 	github.com/google/nftables v0.3.0
-	github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.1.1
+	github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.4.0
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware/v2 v2.0.2-0.20240212192251-757544f21357
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/base62 v0.1.2

go.sum

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.9.0 h1:pDUj4QMoPejqq20dK0Pg2N4yG9zIkYGdB
 cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.9.0/go.mod h1:E0bWwX5wTnLPedCKqk3pJmVgCBSM6qQI1yTBdEb3C10=
 codeberg.org/cunicu/circl v0.0.0-20230801113412-fec58fc7b5f6 h1:b8xUw3004wk+3ipBhu0VU4RtUJsegMIiqjxSK4++lzA=
 codeberg.org/cunicu/circl v0.0.0-20230801113412-fec58fc7b5f6/go.mod h1:+CauBF6R70Jqcyl8N2hC8pAXYbWkGIezuSbuGLtRhnw=
-cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.4.0 h1:LtPtBgFWY/9emfgC4glKLEqS0MJTylzV6+ChRhiZERw=
-cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.4.0/go.mod h1:MPbjH9nxV4l3vEagKVdFNwHOketqgS5/To1VYJplf/M=
+cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.5.42 h1:fRDsGwCxd7DhDgZI1Pxeo8GtNyq8BESZJ7w2/BGGJtU=
+cunicu.li/go-rosenpass v0.5.42/go.mod h1:YRBeyKOe/gWpSX2kpDUec5p9t0XOLsshTguId5gTGVg=
 dario.cat/mergo v1.0.1 h1:Ra4+bf83h2ztPIQYNP99R6m+Y7KfnARDfID+a+vLl4s=
 dario.cat/mergo v1.0.1/go.mod h1:uNxQE+84aUszobStD9th8a29P2fMDhsBdgRYvZOxGmk=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.1 h1:YpjwWWlNmGIDyXOn8zLzqiD+9TyIlPhGFG96P39uBpw=
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3 h1:ZN+IMa753KfX5hd8vVaMixjnqRZ3y8CuJKRKj1x
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3/go.mod h1:rkhZdG3JZukswDf7f0cwqPNk4K0sa+F97BxZthm/crw=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.15.0 h1:7NxJhNiBT3NG8pZJ3c+yfrVdHY8ScgKD27sScgjLMMk=
-github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.15.0/go.mod h1:DHp1WyrLeiBh19Cf/tfiSMhqheEiK8fXFZ4No0P1Hso=
+github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.19.0 h1:Ro/rE64RmFBeA9FGjcTc+KmCeY6jXmryu6FfnzPRIao=
+github.com/cilium/ebpf v0.19.0/go.mod h1:fLCgMo3l8tZmAdM3B2XqdFzXBpwkcSTroaVqN08OWVY=
 github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14 h1:9L0p0iKiNOibykf283eHkKUHHrpG7f65OE3BhhO7v9g=
 github.com/coder/websocket v1.8.14/go.mod h1:NX3SzP+inril6yawo5CQXx8+fk145lPDC6pumgx0mVg=
 github.com/containerd/log v0.1.0 h1:TCJt7ioM2cr/tfR8GPbGf9/VRAX8D2B4PjzCpfX540I=
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ github.com/go-openapi/validate v0.24.0 h1:LdfDKwNbpB6Vn40xhTdNZAnfLECL81w+VX3Bum
 github.com/go-openapi/validate v0.24.0/go.mod h1:iyeX1sEufmv3nPbBdX3ieNviWnOZaJ1+zquzJEf2BAQ=
 github.com/go-playground/locales v0.12.1/go.mod h1:IUMDtCfWo/w/mtMfIE/IG2K+Ey3ygWanZIBtBW0W2TM=
 github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.16.0/go.mod h1:1AnU7NaIRDWWzGEKwgtJRd2xk99HeFyHw3yid4rvQIY=
-github.com/go-quicktest/qt v1.101.0 h1:O1K29Txy5P2OK0dGo59b7b0LR6wKfIhttaAhHUyn7eI=
-github.com/go-quicktest/qt v1.101.0/go.mod h1:14Bz/f7NwaXPtdYEgzsx46kqSxVwTbzVZsDC26tQJow=
+github.com/go-quicktest/qt v1.101.1-0.20240301121107-c6c8733fa1e6 h1:teYtXy9B7y5lHTp8V9KPxpYRAVA7dozigQcMiBust1s=
+github.com/go-quicktest/qt v1.101.1-0.20240301121107-c6c8733fa1e6/go.mod h1:p4lGIVX+8Wa6ZPNDvqcxq36XpUDLh42FLetFU7odllI=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.7.0/go.mod h1:OXbVy3sEdcQ2Doequ6Z5BW6fXNQTmx+9S1MCJN5yJMI=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3 h1:U/N249h2WzJ3Ukj8SowVFjdtZKfu9vlLZxjPXV1aweo=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3/go.mod h1:qn46aNg1333BRMNU69Lq93t8du/dwxI64Gl8i5p1WMU=
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.14 h1:yh8ncqsbUY4shRD5dA
 github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.14/go.mod h1:vqVt9yG9480NtzREnTlmGSBmFrA+bzb0yl0TxoBQXOg=
 github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.21.0 h1:h45NjjzEO3faG9Lg/cFrBh2PgegVVgzqKzuZl/wMbiI=
 github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.21.0/go.mod h1:But/NJU6TnZsrLai/xBAQLLz+Hc7fHZJt/hsCz3Fih4=
-github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.1.1 h1:zbx9F9d6A7sWNkFKrvMBZTfGgxFoY4NgUudFVVHMfcw=
-github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.1.1/go.mod h1:HavMeONEl7W9036of9LbSWoonqhH7HA1+ZRO+rMIvFs=
+github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.4.0 h1:cr1OlFpzksCkZHNO0eLjaSSOrMQnpPXg0j6qHIY3y2U=
+github.com/gopacket/gopacket v1.4.0/go.mod h1:EpvsxINeehp5qj4YMKMLf2/dekdhKn2IIAO/ZOifS7o=
 github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2 h1:cLTUSsNkgcwhgRqvCNmdbRWG0A3N4F+M2nWKdScwyEE=
 github.com/gorilla/handlers v1.5.2/go.mod h1:dX+xVpaxdSw+q0Qek8SSsl3dfMk3jNddUkMzo0GtH0w=
 github.com/gorilla/mux v1.8.1 h1:TuBL49tXwgrFYWhqrNgrUNEY92u81SPhu7sTdzQEiWY=
@@ -390,6 +390,8 @@ github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0 h1:Hyh9A8u51kptdkR+cqRpT1EebBwTn1oK9YfGYbd
 github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0/go.mod h1:3mZlmanh0g2NDKO5TWZVJAfofYk64M7XN3SzBPjZF60=
 github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 h1:vlS4z54oSdjm0bgjRigI+G1HpF+tI+9rE5LLzOg8HmY=
 github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0/go.mod h1:5DoeVV0s6jJacbCEi61lwdGj/aVlrQvzHFFd8Hwg//Y=
+github.com/jsimonetti/rtnetlink/v2 v2.0.1 h1:xda7qaHDSVOsADNouv7ukSuicKZO7GgVUCXxpaIEIlM=
+github.com/jsimonetti/rtnetlink/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:7MoNYNbb3UaDHtF8udiJo/RH6VsTKP1pqKLUTVCvToE=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.7/go.mod h1:KdQUCv79m/52Kvf8AW2vK1V8akMuk1QjK/uOdHXbAo4=
 github.com/jsummers/gobmp v0.0.0-20230614200233-a9de23ed2e25 h1:YLvr1eE6cdCqjOe972w/cYF+FjW34v27+9Vo5106B4M=
 github.com/jsummers/gobmp v0.0.0-20230614200233-a9de23ed2e25/go.mod h1:kLgvv7o6UM+0QSf0QjAse3wReFDsb9qbZJdfexWlrQw=
@@ -900,8 +902,8 @@ golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8T
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2 h1:B82qJJgjvYKsXS9jeunTOisW56dUokqW/FOteYJJ/yg=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wintun v0.0.0-20230126152724-0fa3db229ce2/go.mod h1:deeaetjYA+DHMHg+sMSMI58GrEteJUUzzw7en6TJQcI=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6 h1:CawjfCvYQH2OU3/TnxLx97WDSUDRABfT18pCOYwc2GE=
-golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20230429144221-925a1e7659e6/go.mod h1:3rxYc4HtVcSG9gVaTs2GEBdehh+sYPOwKtyUWEOTb80=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20241231184526-a9ab2273dd10 h1:3GDAcqdIg1ozBNLgPy4SLT84nfcBjr6rhGtXYtrkWLU=
+golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl v0.0.0-20241231184526-a9ab2273dd10/go.mod h1:T97yPqesLiNrOYxkwmhMI0ZIlJDm+p0PMR8eRVeR5tQ=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/windows v0.5.3 h1:On6j2Rpn3OEMXqBq00QEDC7bWSZrPIHKIus8eIuExIE=
 golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/windows v0.5.3/go.mod h1:9TEe8TJmtwyQebdFwAkEWOPr3prrtqm+REGFifP60hI=
 gonum.org/v1/gonum v0.17.0 h1:VbpOemQlsSMrYmn7T2OUvQ4dqxQXU+ouZFQsZOx50z4=

management/internals/controllers/network_map/controller/controller.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ type Controller struct {
 	EphemeralPeersManager ephemeral.Manager
 
 	accountUpdateLocks               sync.Map
-	sendAccountUpdateLocks           sync.Map
+	affectedPeerUpdateLocks          sync.Map
 	updateAccountPeersBufferInterval atomic.Int64
 	// dnsDomain is used for peer resolution. This is appended to the peer's name
 	dnsDomain string
@@ -63,6 +63,13 @@ type bufferUpdate struct {
 	update atomic.Bool
 }
 
+type bufferAffectedUpdate struct {
+	sendMu  sync.Mutex
+	dataMu  sync.Mutex
+	next    *time.Timer
+	peerIDs map[string]struct{}
+}
+
 var _ network_map.Controller = (*Controller)(nil)
 
 func NewController(ctx context.Context, store store.Store, metrics telemetry.AppMetrics, peersUpdateManager network_map.PeersUpdateManager, requestBuffer account.RequestBuffer, integratedPeerValidator integrated_validator.IntegratedValidator, settingsManager settings.Manager, dnsDomain string, proxyController port_forwarding.Controller, ephemeralPeersManager ephemeral.Manager, config *config.Config) *Controller {
@@ -112,7 +119,7 @@ func (c *Controller) CountStreams() int {
 	return c.peersUpdateManager.CountStreams()
 }
 
-func (c *Controller) sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string) error {
+func (c *Controller) sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) error {
 	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("updating peers for account %s from %s", accountID, util.GetCallerName())
 	account, err := c.requestBuffer.GetAccountWithBackpressure(ctx, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -175,6 +182,10 @@ func (c *Controller) sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID strin
 			continue
 		}
 
+		if c.accountManagerMetrics != nil {
+			c.accountManagerMetrics.CountNmapTriggered(string(reason.Resource), string(reason.Operation))
+		}
+
 		wg.Add(1)
 		semaphore <- struct{}{}
 		go func(p *nbpeer.Peer) {
@@ -196,7 +207,7 @@ func (c *Controller) sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID strin
 
 			c.metrics.CountCalcPeerNetworkMapDuration(time.Since(start))
 
-			proxyNetworkMap, ok := proxyNetworkMaps[peer.ID]
+			proxyNetworkMap, ok := proxyNetworkMaps[p.ID]
 			if ok {
 				remotePeerNetworkMap.Merge(proxyNetworkMap)
 			}
@@ -221,51 +232,150 @@ func (c *Controller) sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID strin
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *Controller) bufferSendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) error {
-	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("buffer sending update peers for account %s from %s", accountID, util.GetCallerName())
-
-	if c.accountManagerMetrics != nil {
-		c.accountManagerMetrics.CountUpdateAccountPeersTriggered(string(reason.Resource), string(reason.Operation))
-	}
-
-	bufUpd, _ := c.sendAccountUpdateLocks.LoadOrStore(accountID, &bufferUpdate{})
-	b := bufUpd.(*bufferUpdate)
-
-	if !b.mu.TryLock() {
-		b.update.Store(true)
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if b.next != nil {
-		b.next.Stop()
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		defer b.mu.Unlock()
-		_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID)
-		if !b.update.Load() {
-			return
-		}
-		b.update.Store(false)
-		if b.next == nil {
-			b.next = time.AfterFunc(time.Duration(c.updateAccountPeersBufferInterval.Load()), func() {
-				_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID)
-			})
-			return
-		}
-		b.next.Reset(time.Duration(c.updateAccountPeersBufferInterval.Load()))
-	}()
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 // UpdatePeers updates all peers that belong to an account.
 // Should be called when changes have to be synced to peers.
 func (c *Controller) UpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) error {
 	if c.accountManagerMetrics != nil {
 		c.accountManagerMetrics.CountUpdateAccountPeersTriggered(string(reason.Resource), string(reason.Operation))
 	}
-	return c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID)
+	return c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason)
+}
+
+// UpdateAffectedPeers updates only the specified peers that belong to an account.
+func (c *Controller) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+	if len(peerIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.sendUpdateForAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+}
+
+func (c *Controller) sendUpdateForAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("sendUpdateForAffectedPeers: account %s, %d affected peers: %v (caller: %s)", accountID, len(peerIDs), peerIDs, util.GetCallerName())
+
+	if !c.hasConnectedPeers(peerIDs) {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("sendUpdateForAffectedPeers: no connected peers among %v, skipping", peerIDs)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	account, err := c.requestBuffer.GetAccountWithBackpressure(ctx, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get account: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	globalStart := time.Now()
+
+	peersToUpdate := c.filterConnectedAffectedPeers(account, peerIDs)
+	if len(peersToUpdate) == 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("sendUpdateForAffectedPeers: no peers to update (affected peers not found in account or no channels)")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("sendUpdateForAffectedPeers: sending network map to %d connected peers", len(peersToUpdate))
+
+	approvedPeersMap, err := c.integratedPeerValidator.GetValidatedPeers(ctx, account.Id, maps.Values(account.Groups), maps.Values(account.Peers), account.Settings.Extra)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get validate peers: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	semaphore := make(chan struct{}, 10)
+
+	account.InjectProxyPolicies(ctx)
+	dnsCache := &cache.DNSConfigCache{}
+	dnsDomain := c.GetDNSDomain(account.Settings)
+	peersCustomZone := account.GetPeersCustomZone(ctx, dnsDomain)
+	resourcePolicies := account.GetResourcePoliciesMap()
+	routers := account.GetResourceRoutersMap()
+	groupIDToUserIDs := account.GetActiveGroupUsers()
+
+	proxyNetworkMaps, err := c.proxyController.GetProxyNetworkMapsAll(ctx, accountID, account.Peers)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to get proxy network maps: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get proxy network maps: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	extraSetting, err := c.settingsManager.GetExtraSettings(ctx, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get flow enabled status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	dnsFwdPort := computeForwarderPort(maps.Values(account.Peers), network_map.DnsForwarderPortMinVersion)
+
+	accountZones, err := c.repo.GetAccountZones(ctx, account.Id)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to get account zones: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get account zones: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, peer := range peersToUpdate {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		semaphore <- struct{}{}
+		go func(p *nbpeer.Peer) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			defer func() { <-semaphore }()
+
+			start := time.Now()
+
+			postureChecks, err := c.getPeerPostureChecks(account, p.ID)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("failed to get posture checks for peer %s: %v", p.ID, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			c.metrics.CountCalcPostureChecksDuration(time.Since(start))
+			start = time.Now()
+
+			remotePeerNetworkMap := account.GetPeerNetworkMapFromComponents(ctx, p.ID, peersCustomZone, accountZones, approvedPeersMap, resourcePolicies, routers, c.accountManagerMetrics, groupIDToUserIDs)
+
+			c.metrics.CountCalcPeerNetworkMapDuration(time.Since(start))
+
+			proxyNetworkMap, ok := proxyNetworkMaps[p.ID]
+			if ok {
+				remotePeerNetworkMap.Merge(proxyNetworkMap)
+			}
+
+			peerGroups := account.GetPeerGroups(p.ID)
+			start = time.Now()
+			update := grpc.ToSyncResponse(ctx, nil, c.config.HttpConfig, c.config.DeviceAuthorizationFlow, p, nil, nil, remotePeerNetworkMap, dnsDomain, postureChecks, dnsCache, account.Settings, extraSetting, maps.Keys(peerGroups), dnsFwdPort)
+			c.metrics.CountToSyncResponseDuration(time.Since(start))
+
+			c.peersUpdateManager.SendUpdate(ctx, p.ID, &network_map.UpdateMessage{
+				Update:      update,
+				MessageType: network_map.MessageTypeNetworkMap,
+			})
+		}(peer)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+	if c.accountManagerMetrics != nil {
+		c.accountManagerMetrics.CountUpdateAccountPeersDuration(time.Since(globalStart))
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Controller) hasConnectedPeers(peerIDs []string) bool {
+	for _, id := range peerIDs {
+		if c.peersUpdateManager.HasChannel(id) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (c *Controller) filterConnectedAffectedPeers(account *types.Account, peerIDs []string) []*nbpeer.Peer {
+	affected := make(map[string]struct{}, len(peerIDs))
+	for _, id := range peerIDs {
+		affected[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	var result []*nbpeer.Peer
+	for _, peer := range account.Peers {
+		if _, ok := affected[peer.ID]; ok && c.peersUpdateManager.HasChannel(peer.ID) {
+			result = append(result, peer)
+		}
+	}
+	return result
 }
 
 func (c *Controller) UpdateAccountPeer(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerId string) error {
@@ -359,14 +469,14 @@ func (c *Controller) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID str
 
 	go func() {
 		defer b.mu.Unlock()
-		_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID)
+		_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason)
 		if !b.update.Load() {
 			return
 		}
 		b.update.Store(false)
 		if b.next == nil {
 			b.next = time.AfterFunc(time.Duration(c.updateAccountPeersBufferInterval.Load()), func() {
-				_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID)
+				_ = c.sendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason)
 			})
 			return
 		}
@@ -376,6 +486,100 @@ func (c *Controller) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID str
 	return nil
 }
 
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers accumulates peer IDs and flushes them after the buffer interval.
+func (c *Controller) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) error {
+	if len(peerIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if c.accountManagerMetrics != nil {
+		c.accountManagerMetrics.CountUpdateAccountPeersTriggered(string(reason.Resource), string(reason.Operation))
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("buffer updating %d affected peers for account %s from %s", len(peerIDs), accountID, util.GetCallerName())
+
+	bufUpd, _ := c.affectedPeerUpdateLocks.LoadOrStore(accountID, &bufferAffectedUpdate{
+		peerIDs: make(map[string]struct{}),
+	})
+	b := bufUpd.(*bufferAffectedUpdate)
+
+	b.addPeerIDs(peerIDs)
+
+	if !b.sendMu.TryLock() {
+		// Another goroutine is already sending; it will pick up our IDs on its next drain.
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	b.stopTimer()
+
+	collected := b.drainPeerIDs()
+	go func() {
+		defer b.sendMu.Unlock()
+		_ = c.sendUpdateForAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, collected)
+
+		// Check if more peer IDs accumulated while we were sending.
+		if !b.hasPending() {
+			return
+		}
+
+		// Schedule a debounced flush for the newly accumulated IDs.
+		b.setTimer(time.Duration(c.updateAccountPeersBufferInterval.Load()), func() {
+			ids := b.drainPeerIDs()
+			if len(ids) > 0 {
+				_ = c.sendUpdateForAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, ids)
+			}
+		})
+	}()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (b *bufferAffectedUpdate) addPeerIDs(ids []string) {
+	b.dataMu.Lock()
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		b.peerIDs[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	b.dataMu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (b *bufferAffectedUpdate) drainPeerIDs() []string {
+	b.dataMu.Lock()
+	defer b.dataMu.Unlock()
+	if len(b.peerIDs) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ids := make([]string, 0, len(b.peerIDs))
+	for id := range b.peerIDs {
+		ids = append(ids, id)
+	}
+	b.peerIDs = make(map[string]struct{})
+	return ids
+}
+
+func (b *bufferAffectedUpdate) hasPending() bool {
+	b.dataMu.Lock()
+	defer b.dataMu.Unlock()
+	return len(b.peerIDs) > 0
+}
+
+func (b *bufferAffectedUpdate) stopTimer() {
+	b.dataMu.Lock()
+	defer b.dataMu.Unlock()
+	if b.next != nil {
+		b.next.Stop()
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *bufferAffectedUpdate) setTimer(d time.Duration, f func()) {
+	b.dataMu.Lock()
+	defer b.dataMu.Unlock()
+	if b.next == nil {
+		b.next = time.AfterFunc(d, f)
+		return
+	}
+	b.next.Reset(d)
+}
+
 func (c *Controller) GetValidatedPeerWithMap(ctx context.Context, isRequiresApproval bool, accountID string, peer *nbpeer.Peer) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, int64, error) {
 	if isRequiresApproval {
 		network, err := c.repo.GetAccountNetwork(ctx, accountID)
@@ -573,21 +777,24 @@ func isPeerInPolicySourceGroups(account *types.Account, peerID string, policy *t
 	return false, nil
 }
 
-func (c *Controller) OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
-	err := c.bufferSendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
-	if err != nil {
-		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to buffer update account peers for peer update in account %s: %v", accountID, err)
+func (c *Controller) OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) == 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("no affected peers for peer update in account %s, skipping", accountID)
+		return nil
 	}
-
-	return nil
+	return c.BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
 }
 
-func (c *Controller) OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+func (c *Controller) OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
 	log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("OnPeersAdded call to add peers: %v", peerIDs)
-	return c.bufferSendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) == 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("no affected peers for peer add in account %s, skipping", accountID)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
 }
 
-func (c *Controller) OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+func (c *Controller) OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
 	network, err := c.repo.GetAccountNetwork(ctx, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -620,7 +827,11 @@ func (c *Controller) OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerI
 		c.peersUpdateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, peerID)
 	}
 
-	return c.bufferSendUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) == 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("no affected peers for peer delete in account %s, skipping network map update", accountID)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePeer, Operation: types.UpdateOperationDelete})
 }
 
 // GetNetworkMap returns Network map for a given peer (omits original peer from the Peers result)

management/internals/controllers/network_map/interface.go

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ const (
 
 type Controller interface {
 	UpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) error
+	UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error
+	BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) error
 	UpdateAccountPeer(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerId string) error
 	BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) error
 	GetValidatedPeerWithMap(ctx context.Context, isRequiresApproval bool, accountID string, p *nbpeer.Peer) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, int64, error)
@@ -27,9 +29,9 @@ type Controller interface {
 	GetNetworkMap(ctx context.Context, peerID string) (*types.NetworkMap, error)
 	CountStreams() int
 
-	OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerIDs []string) error
-	OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error
-	OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error
+	OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error
+	OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error
+	OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error
 	DisconnectPeers(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerIDs []string)
 	OnPeerConnected(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerID string) (chan *UpdateMessage, error)
 	OnPeerDisconnected(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerID string)

management/internals/controllers/network_map/interface_mock.go

@@ -57,6 +57,20 @@ func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, r
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "BufferUpdateAccountPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).BufferUpdateAccountPeers), ctx, accountID, reason)
 }
 
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers mocks base method.
+func (m *MockController) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "BufferUpdateAffectedPeers", ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers indicates an expected call of BufferUpdateAffectedPeers.
+func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason any) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "BufferUpdateAffectedPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).BufferUpdateAffectedPeers), ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+}
+
 // CountStreams mocks base method.
 func (m *MockController) CountStreams() int {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -158,45 +172,45 @@ func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeerDisconnected(ctx, accountID, peerID
 }
 
 // OnPeersAdded mocks base method.
-func (m *MockController) OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+func (m *MockController) OnPeersAdded(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersAdded", ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersAdded", ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
 	return ret0
 }
 
 // OnPeersAdded indicates an expected call of OnPeersAdded.
-func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersAdded(ctx, accountID, peerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
+func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersAdded(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersAdded", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersAdded), ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersAdded", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersAdded), ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 }
 
 // OnPeersDeleted mocks base method.
-func (m *MockController) OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+func (m *MockController) OnPeersDeleted(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersDeleted", ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersDeleted", ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
 	return ret0
 }
 
 // OnPeersDeleted indicates an expected call of OnPeersDeleted.
-func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersDeleted(ctx, accountID, peerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
+func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersDeleted(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersDeleted", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersDeleted), ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersDeleted", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersDeleted), ctx, accountID, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 }
 
 // OnPeersUpdated mocks base method.
-func (m *MockController) OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerIDs []string) error {
+func (m *MockController) OnPeersUpdated(ctx context.Context, accountId string, peerIDs []string, affectedPeerIDs []string) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersUpdated", ctx, accountId, peerIDs)
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "OnPeersUpdated", ctx, accountId, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
 	return ret0
 }
 
 // OnPeersUpdated indicates an expected call of OnPeersUpdated.
-func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountId, peerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
+func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountId, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
-	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersUpdated", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersUpdated), ctx, accountId, peerIDs)
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "OnPeersUpdated", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).OnPeersUpdated), ctx, accountId, peerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 }
 
 // StartWarmup mocks base method.
@@ -250,3 +264,17 @@ func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "UpdateAccountPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).UpdateAccountPeers), ctx, accountID, reason)
 }
+
+// UpdateAffectedPeers mocks base method.
+func (m *MockController) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) error {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "UpdateAffectedPeers", ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// UpdateAffectedPeers indicates an expected call of UpdateAffectedPeers.
+func (mr *MockControllerMockRecorder) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs any) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "UpdateAffectedPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockController)(nil).UpdateAffectedPeers), ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+}

management/internals/controllers/network_map/update_channel/updatechannel.go

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func (p *PeersUpdateManager) SendUpdate(ctx context.Context, peerID string, upda
 		found = true
 		select {
 		case channel <- update:
-			log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("update was sent to channel for peer %s", peerID)
+			log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("update was sent to channel for peer %s", peerID)
 		default:
 			dropped = true
 			log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("channel for peer %s is %d full or closed", peerID, len(channel))

management/internals/modules/peers/manager.go

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) SetAccountManager(accountManager account.Manager) {
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID string) (*peer.Peer, error) {
-	allowed, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID str
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*peer.Peer, error) {
-	allowed, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/accesslogs/manager/manager.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) SaveAccessLog(ctx context.Context, logEntry *accesslogs.Ac
 
 // GetAllAccessLogs retrieves access logs for an account with pagination and filtering
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllAccessLogs(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, filter *accesslogs.AccessLogFilter) ([]*accesslogs.AccessLogEntry, int64, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, 0, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/domain/manager/manager.go

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func NewManager(store store, proxyMgr proxyManager, permissionsManager permissio
 }
 
 func (m Manager) GetDomains(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*domain.Domain, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func (m Manager) GetDomains(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*d
 }
 
 func (m Manager) CreateDomain(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, domainName, targetCluster string) (*domain.Domain, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func (m Manager) CreateDomain(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, domainName
 }
 
 func (m Manager) DeleteDomain(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, domainID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func (m Manager) DeleteDomain(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, domainID s
 }
 
 func (m Manager) ValidateDomain(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, domainID string) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
+	ok, _, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.WithFields(log.Fields{
 			"accountID": accountID,

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/proxytoken/handler.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func (h *handler) createToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	ok, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to validate permissions", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
@@ -76,13 +76,13 @@ func (h *handler) createToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := h.store.SaveProxyAccessToken(r.Context(), &generated.ProxyAccessToken); err != nil {
+	if err := h.store.SaveProxyAccessToken(ctx, &generated.ProxyAccessToken); err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to save token", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
 	}
 
 	resp := toProxyTokenCreatedResponse(generated)
-	util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, resp)
+	util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, resp)
 }
 
 func (h *handler) listTokens(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func (h *handler) listTokens(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	ok, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to validate permissions", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func (h *handler) listTokens(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	tokens, err := h.store.GetProxyAccessTokensByAccountID(r.Context(), store.LockingStrengthNone, userAuth.AccountId)
+	tokens, err := h.store.GetProxyAccessTokensByAccountID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, userAuth.AccountId)
 	if err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to list tokens", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (h *handler) listTokens(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		resp = append(resp, toProxyTokenResponse(token))
 	}
 
-	util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, resp)
+	util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, resp)
 }
 
 func (h *handler) revokeToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func (h *handler) revokeToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	ok, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), userAuth.AccountId, userAuth.UserId, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to validate permissions", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func (h *handler) revokeToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	token, err := h.store.GetProxyAccessTokenByID(r.Context(), store.LockingStrengthNone, tokenID)
+	token, err := h.store.GetProxyAccessTokenByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, tokenID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if s, ok := status.FromError(err); ok && s.ErrorType == status.NotFound {
 			util.WriteErrorResponse("token not found", http.StatusNotFound, w)
@@ -154,12 +154,12 @@ func (h *handler) revokeToken(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := h.store.RevokeProxyAccessToken(r.Context(), tokenID); err != nil {
+	if err := h.store.RevokeProxyAccessToken(ctx, tokenID); err != nil {
 		util.WriteErrorResponse("failed to revoke token", http.StatusInternalServerError, w)
 		return
 	}
 
-	util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, util.EmptyObject{})
+	util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, util.EmptyObject{})
 }
 
 func toProxyTokenResponse(token *types.ProxyAccessToken) api.ProxyToken {

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/proxytoken/handler_test.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func TestCreateToken_AccountScoped(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func TestCreateToken_WithExpiration(t *testing.T) {
 	)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ func TestCreateToken_EmptyName(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ctrl.Finish()
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		permissionsManager: permsMgr,
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func TestCreateToken_PermissionDenied(t *testing.T) {
 	defer ctrl.Finish()
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(false, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Create).Return(false, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		permissionsManager: permsMgr,
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func TestListTokens(t *testing.T) {
 	}, nil)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Read).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Read).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func TestRevokeToken_Success(t *testing.T) {
 	mockStore.EXPECT().RevokeProxyAccessToken(gomock.Any(), "tok-1").Return(nil)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), accountID, "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ func TestRevokeToken_WrongAccount(t *testing.T) {
 	}, nil)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ func TestRevokeToken_ManagementWideToken(t *testing.T) {
 	}, nil)
 
 	permsMgr := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
-	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, nil)
+	permsMgr.EXPECT().ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), "acc-123", "user-1", modules.Services, operations.Delete).Return(true, context.Background(), nil)
 
 	h := &handler{
 		store:              mockStore,

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service/manager/manager.go

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func (m *Manager) StartExposeReaper(ctx context.Context) {
 // capability flags reported by its active proxies so the dashboard can
 // render feature support without a second round-trip.
 func (m *Manager) GetClusters(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]proxy.Cluster, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func (m *Manager) GetClusters(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]
 // DeleteAccountCluster removes all proxy registrations for the given cluster address
 // owned by the account.
 func (m *Manager) DeleteAccountCluster(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, clusterAddress string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteAccountCluster(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, c
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) GetAllServices(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*service.Service, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func (m *Manager) replaceHostByLookup(ctx context.Context, accountID string, s *
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) GetService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, serviceID string) (*service.Service, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func (m *Manager) GetService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, serviceID s
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) CreateService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, s *service.Service) (*service.Service, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ func (m *Manager) checkDomainAvailable(ctx context.Context, transaction store.St
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) UpdateService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, service *service.Service) (*service.Service, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -836,7 +836,7 @@ func validateResourceTargetType(target *service.Target, resource *resourcetypes.
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DeleteService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, serviceID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -876,7 +876,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteService(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, serviceI
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DeleteAllServices(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service/manager/manager_test.go

@@ -1172,7 +1172,7 @@ func TestDeleteService_DeletesTargets(t *testing.T) {
 
 	mockPerms.EXPECT().
 		ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Services, operations.Delete).
-		Return(true, nil)
+		Return(true, ctx, nil)
 	mockAcct.EXPECT().
 		StoreEvent(ctx, userID, service.ID, accountID, activity.ServiceDeleted, gomock.Any())
 	mockAcct.EXPECT().

management/internals/modules/zones/manager/manager.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, accountManager account.Manager, permissionsMa
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllZones(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*zones.Zone, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllZones(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string)
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID string) (*zones.Zone, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID str
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) CreateZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, zone *zones.Zone) (*zones.Zone, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string,
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) UpdateZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, updatedZone *zones.Zone) (*zones.Zone, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string,
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) DeleteZone(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/internals/modules/zones/manager/manager_test.go

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllZones(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllZones(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllZones(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllZones(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllZones(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, status.Errorf(status.Internal, "permission check failed"))
+			Return(false, ctx, status.Errorf(status.Internal, "permission check failed"))
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllZones(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, testZoneID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
 			assert.Equal(t, testUserID, initiatorID)
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, inputZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, inputZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, inputZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, inputZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, inputZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		storeEventCalled := false
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, updatedZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, updatedZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, updatedZone)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		storeEventCallCount := 0
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		storeEventCalled := false
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		err := manager.DeleteZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, testZoneID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteZone(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		err := manager.DeleteZone(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, "non-existent-zone")
 		require.Error(t, err)

management/internals/modules/zones/records/manager/manager.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, accountManager account.Manager, permissionsMa
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRecords(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID string) ([]*records.Record, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRecords(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zone
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID, recordID string) (*records.Record, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID,
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) CreateRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID string, record *records.Record) (*records.Record, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneI
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) UpdateRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID string, updatedRecord *records.Record) (*records.Record, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneI
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) DeleteRecord(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, zoneID, recordID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/internals/modules/zones/records/manager/manager_test.go

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllRecords(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllRecords(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllRecords(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllRecords(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetAllRecords(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, status.Errorf(status.Internal, "permission check failed"))
+			Return(false, ctx, status.Errorf(status.Internal, "permission check failed"))
 
 		result, err := manager.GetAllRecords(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, record.ID)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_GetRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Read).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.GetRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, testRecordID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
 			assert.Equal(t, testUserID, initiatorID)
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
 			assert.Equal(t, testUserID, initiatorID)
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
 			assert.Equal(t, testUserID, initiatorID)
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, inputRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, inputRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, inputRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_CreateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Create).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.CreateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, inputRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		storeEventCalled := false
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
 			// Event should be stored
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, updatedRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, updatedRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_UpdateRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Update).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		result, err := manager.UpdateRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, updatedRecord)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		storeEventCalled := false
 		mockAccountManager.StoreEventFunc = func(ctx context.Context, initiatorID, targetID, accountID string, activityID activity.ActivityDescriber, meta map[string]any) {
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(false, nil)
+			Return(false, ctx, nil)
 
 		err := manager.DeleteRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, testRecordID)
 		require.Error(t, err)
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ func TestManagerImpl_DeleteRecord(t *testing.T) {
 
 		mockPermissionsManager.EXPECT().
 			ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, modules.Dns, operations.Delete).
-			Return(true, nil)
+			Return(true, ctx, nil)
 
 		err := manager.DeleteRecord(ctx, testAccountID, testUserID, zone.ID, "non-existent-record")
 		require.Error(t, err)

management/internals/server/boot.go

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func (s *BaseServer) EventStore() activity.Store {
 
 func (s *BaseServer) APIHandler() http.Handler {
 	return Create(s, func() http.Handler {
-		httpAPIHandler, err := nbhttp.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), s.Router(), s.AccountManager(), s.NetworksManager(), s.ResourcesManager(), s.RoutesManager(), s.GroupsManager(), s.GeoLocationManager(), s.Metrics(), s.PermissionsManager(), s.SettingsManager(), s.ZonesManager(), s.RecordsManager(), s.NetworkMapController(), s.InstanceManager(), s.ServiceManager(), s.ReverseProxyDomainManager(), s.AccessLogsManager(), s.ReverseProxyGRPCServer(), s.Config.ReverseProxy.TrustedHTTPProxies, s.AuthMiddleware())
+		httpAPIHandler, err := nbhttp.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), s.Router(), s.AccountManager(), s.NetworksManager(), s.ResourcesManager(), s.RoutesManager(), s.GroupsManager(), s.GeoLocationManager(), s.AuthManager(), s.Metrics(), s.PermissionsManager(), s.SettingsManager(), s.ZonesManager(), s.RecordsManager(), s.NetworkMapController(), s.IdpManager(), s.ServiceManager(), s.ReverseProxyDomainManager(), s.AccessLogsManager(), s.ReverseProxyGRPCServer(), s.Config.ReverseProxy.TrustedHTTPProxies, s.RateLimiter(), s.IsValidChildAccount)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("failed to create API handler: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -153,20 +153,6 @@ func (s *BaseServer) RateLimiter() *middleware.APIRateLimiter {
 	})
 }
 
-func (s *BaseServer) AuthMiddleware() mux.MiddlewareFunc {
-	return Create(s, func() mux.MiddlewareFunc {
-		m := middleware.NewAuthMiddleware(
-			s.AuthManager(),
-			s.AccountManager().GetAccountIDFromUserAuth,
-			s.AccountManager().SyncUserJWTGroups,
-			s.AccountManager().GetUserFromUserAuth,
-			s.RateLimiter(),
-			s.Metrics().GetMeter(),
-		)
-		return m.Handler
-	})
-}
-
 func (s *BaseServer) GRPCServer() *grpc.Server {
 	return Create(s, func() *grpc.Server {
 		trustedPeers := s.Config.ReverseProxy.TrustedPeers

management/internals/server/modules.go

@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/geolocation"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/groups"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/idp"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/instance"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers"
@@ -152,16 +151,6 @@ func (s *BaseServer) IdpManager() idp.Manager {
 	})
 }
 
-func (s *BaseServer) InstanceManager() instance.Manager {
-	return Create(s, func() instance.Manager {
-		m, err := instance.NewManager(context.Background(), s.Store(), s.IdpManager())
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("failed to create instance manager: %v", err)
-		}
-		return m
-	})
-}
-
 // OAuthConfigProvider is only relevant when we have an embedded IdP service. Otherwise must be nil
 func (s *BaseServer) OAuthConfigProvider() idp.OAuthConfigProvider {
 	if s.Config.EmbeddedIdP == nil || !s.Config.EmbeddedIdP.Enabled {
@@ -240,3 +229,6 @@ func (s *BaseServer) ReverseProxyDomainManager() *manager.Manager {
 	})
 }
 
+func (s *BaseServer) IsValidChildAccount(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool {
+	return false
+}

management/internals/server/server.go

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ const (
 	ManagementLegacyPort = 33073
 	// DefaultSelfHostedDomain is the default domain used for self-hosted fresh installs.
 	DefaultSelfHostedDomain = "netbird.selfhosted"
+
+	ContainerKeyBaseServer = "baseServer"
 )
 
 type Server interface {
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ type Config struct {
 
 // NewServer initializes and configures a new Server instance
 func NewServer(cfg *Config) *BaseServer {
-	return &BaseServer{
+	s := &BaseServer{
 		Config:                      cfg.NbConfig,
 		container:                   make(map[string]any),
 		dnsDomain:                   cfg.DNSDomain,
@@ -104,6 +106,9 @@ func NewServer(cfg *Config) *BaseServer {
 		mgmtMetricsPort:             cfg.MgmtMetricsPort,
 		autoResolveDomains:          cfg.AutoResolveDomains,
 	}
+	s.container[ContainerKeyBaseServer] = s
+
+	return s
 }
 
 func (s *BaseServer) AfterInit(fn func(s *BaseServer)) {

management/internals/shared/grpc/conversion.go

@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	goproto "google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 
 	integrationsConfig "github.com/netbirdio/management-integrations/integrations/config"
 
@@ -185,9 +187,38 @@ func ToSyncResponse(ctx context.Context, config *nbconfig.Config, httpConfig *nb
 		response.NetworkMap.SshAuth = &proto.SSHAuth{AuthorizedUsers: hashedUsers, MachineUsers: machineUsers, UserIDClaim: userIDClaim}
 	}
 
+	// settings == nil → field stays nil → "no info in this snapshot", client
+	// preserves the deadline it already had. settings non-nil → emit either a
+	// valid deadline or the explicit-zero "disabled" sentinel via
+	// encodeSessionExpiresAt.
+	if settings != nil {
+		response.SessionExpiresAt = encodeSessionExpiresAt(
+			peer.SessionExpiresAt(settings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled, settings.PeerLoginExpiration),
+		)
+	}
+
 	return response
 }
 
+// encodeSessionExpiresAt encodes a server-side deadline into the 3-state wire
+// representation used on LoginResponse, SyncResponse and
+// ExtendAuthSessionResponse. See the proto comments on those messages.
+//
+//   - deadline.IsZero() → returns &Timestamp{} (seconds=0, nanos=0): the
+//     "expiry disabled or peer is not SSO-tracked" sentinel; the client clears
+//     its anchor.
+//   - deadline non-zero → returns timestamppb.New(deadline): the new absolute
+//     UTC deadline.
+//
+// Returning nil ("no info, preserve client's anchor") is the caller's job —
+// only meaningful on Sync builds where settings were not resolved.
+func encodeSessionExpiresAt(deadline time.Time) *timestamppb.Timestamp {
+	if deadline.IsZero() {
+		return &timestamppb.Timestamp{}
+	}
+	return timestamppb.New(deadline)
+}
+
 func buildAuthorizedUsersProto(ctx context.Context, authorizedUsers map[string]map[string]struct{}) ([][]byte, map[string]*proto.MachineUserIndexes) {
 	userIDToIndex := make(map[string]uint32)
 	var hashedUsers [][]byte

management/internals/shared/grpc/conversion_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"net/netip"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 
@@ -200,3 +201,29 @@ func TestBuildJWTConfig_Audiences(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+// TestEncodeSessionExpiresAt pins the wire encoding the client's
+// applySessionDeadline depends on:
+//
+//   - zero deadline  → &Timestamp{} (seconds=0, nanos=0): the explicit
+//     "expiry disabled or peer is not SSO-tracked" sentinel.
+//   - non-zero       → timestamppb.New(deadline): the absolute UTC deadline.
+//
+// The third state (nil pointer = "no info in this snapshot") is the caller's
+// responsibility on the Sync path when settings could not be resolved; the
+// helper itself never returns nil.
+func TestEncodeSessionExpiresAt(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("zero deadline encodes as explicit-zero sentinel", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got := encodeSessionExpiresAt(time.Time{})
+		assert.NotNil(t, got, "must not return nil; nil means 'no info', not 'disabled'")
+		assert.Equal(t, int64(0), got.GetSeconds())
+		assert.Equal(t, int32(0), got.GetNanos())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("non-zero deadline round-trips", func(t *testing.T) {
+		deadline := time.Date(2030, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, time.UTC)
+		got := encodeSessionExpiresAt(deadline)
+		assert.NotNil(t, got)
+		assert.True(t, got.AsTime().Equal(deadline))
+	})
+}

management/internals/shared/grpc/server.go

@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ func (s *Server) handleUpdates(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerKey wg
 				return nil
 			}
 
-			log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("received an update for peer %s", peerKey.String())
+			log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("received an update for peer %s", peerKey.String())
 			if debouncer.ProcessUpdate(update) {
 				// Send immediately (first update or after quiet period)
 				if err := s.sendUpdate(ctx, accountID, peerKey, peer, update, srv, streamStartTime); err != nil {
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ func (s *Server) sendUpdate(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerKey wgtyp
 		s.cancelPeerRoutines(ctx, accountID, peer, streamStartTime)
 		return status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "failed sending update message")
 	}
-	log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("sent an update to peer %s", peerKey.String())
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("sent an update to peer %s", peerKey.String())
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -821,6 +821,80 @@ func (s *Server) Login(ctx context.Context, req *proto.EncryptedMessage) (*proto
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// ExtendAuthSession refreshes the peer's SSO session expiry deadline using a
+// fresh JWT. The same JWT validation pipeline as Login is used. The tunnel
+// stays up; no network map sync is performed. The new deadline is returned
+// in ExtendAuthSessionResponse.SessionExpiresAt.
+func (s *Server) ExtendAuthSession(ctx context.Context, req *proto.EncryptedMessage) (*proto.EncryptedMessage, error) {
+	extendReq := &proto.ExtendAuthSessionRequest{}
+	peerKey, err := s.parseRequest(ctx, req, extendReq)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	//nolint
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, nbContext.PeerIDKey, peerKey.String())
+	if accountID, accErr := s.accountManager.GetAccountIDForPeerKey(ctx, peerKey.String()); accErr == nil {
+		//nolint
+		ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, nbContext.AccountIDKey, accountID)
+	}
+
+	jwt := extendReq.GetJwtToken()
+	if jwt == "" {
+		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.InvalidArgument, "jwt token is required")
+	}
+
+	var userID string
+	const attempts = 3
+	for i := 0; i < attempts; i++ {
+		userID, err = s.validateToken(ctx, peerKey.String(), jwt)
+		if err == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		if i == attempts-1 {
+			break
+		}
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("failed validating JWT token while extending session for peer %s: %v. Retrying (idP cache).", peerKey.String(), err)
+		select {
+		case <-time.After(200 * time.Millisecond):
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return nil, ctx.Err()
+		}
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if userID == "" {
+		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unauthenticated, "jwt token did not yield a user id")
+	}
+
+	deadline, err := s.accountManager.ExtendPeerSession(ctx, peerKey.String(), userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("failed extending session for peer %s: %v", peerKey.String(), err)
+		return nil, mapError(ctx, err)
+	}
+
+	// Success path normally returns a non-zero deadline. A defensive zero
+	// would still encode as the explicit "disabled" sentinel rather than nil,
+	// so the client clears any stale anchor instead of preserving it.
+	resp := &proto.ExtendAuthSessionResponse{
+		SessionExpiresAt: encodeSessionExpiresAt(deadline),
+	}
+
+	wgKey, err := s.secretsManager.GetWGKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "failed processing request")
+	}
+	encrypted, err := encryption.EncryptMessage(peerKey, wgKey, resp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Internal, "failed encrypting response")
+	}
+	return &proto.EncryptedMessage{
+		WgPubKey: wgKey.PublicKey().String(),
+		Body:     encrypted,
+	}, nil
+}
+
 func (s *Server) prepareLoginResponse(ctx context.Context, peer *nbpeer.Peer, netMap *types.NetworkMap, postureChecks []*posture.Checks) (*proto.LoginResponse, error) {
 	var relayToken *Token
 	var err error
@@ -844,6 +918,12 @@ func (s *Server) prepareLoginResponse(ctx context.Context, peer *nbpeer.Peer, ne
 		Checks:        toProtocolChecks(ctx, postureChecks),
 	}
 
+	// settings is always non-nil here, so we never emit nil — encoder returns
+	// either a valid deadline or the explicit-zero "disabled" sentinel.
+	loginResp.SessionExpiresAt = encodeSessionExpiresAt(
+		peer.SessionExpiresAt(settings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled, settings.PeerLoginExpiration),
+	)
+
 	return loginResp, nil
 }
 

management/server/account.go

@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetIdpManager() idp.Manager {
 // User that performs the update has to belong to the account.
 // Returns an updated Settings
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newSettings *types.Settings) (*types.Settings, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -355,7 +355,17 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, acco
 			oldSettings.LazyConnectionEnabled != newSettings.LazyConnectionEnabled ||
 			oldSettings.DNSDomain != newSettings.DNSDomain ||
 			oldSettings.AutoUpdateVersion != newSettings.AutoUpdateVersion ||
-			oldSettings.AutoUpdateAlways != newSettings.AutoUpdateAlways {
+			oldSettings.AutoUpdateAlways != newSettings.AutoUpdateAlways ||
+			oldSettings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled != newSettings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled ||
+			oldSettings.PeerLoginExpiration != newSettings.PeerLoginExpiration {
+			// Session deadline is derived from LastLogin + PeerLoginExpiration
+			// on every Login/Sync response. Without a fan-out push, connected
+			// peers keep the deadline they received at login time and only see
+			// the new value after the next unrelated NetworkMap change. Add
+			// these two fields to the trigger list so admin-side expiry tweaks
+			// (e.g. shortening from 24h to 1h) reach every connected peer
+			// within seconds, which is what the proactive-warning feature
+			// relies on (see client/internal/auth/sessionwatch).
 			updateAccountPeers = true
 		}
 
@@ -845,7 +855,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, u
 		return err
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -1412,7 +1422,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID strin
 
 // GetAccountByID returns an account associated with this account ID.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountByID(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.Account, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -1425,7 +1435,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountByID(ctx context.Context, accountID s
 
 // GetAccountMeta returns the account metadata associated with this account ID.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountMeta(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.AccountMeta, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -1438,7 +1448,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountMeta(ctx context.Context, accountID s
 
 // GetAccountOnboarding retrieves the onboarding information for a specific account.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountOnboarding(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.AccountOnboarding, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Accounts, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -1463,7 +1473,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountOnboarding(ctx context.Context, accou
 }
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateAccountOnboarding(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newOnboarding *types.AccountOnboarding) (*types.AccountOnboarding, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -1530,7 +1540,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountIDFromUserAuth(ctx context.Context, u
 		return accountID, user.Id, nil
 	}
 
-	if err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateAccountAccess(ctx, accountID, user, false); err != nil {
+	ctx, err = am.permissionsManager.ValidateAccountAccess(ctx, accountID, user, false)
+	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", err
 	}
 
@@ -1976,7 +1987,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) handleUserPeer(ctx context.Context, transaction
 }
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.Settings, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -2544,7 +2555,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) validateIPForUpdate(account *types.Account, pee
 }
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeerIP(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID string, newIP netip.Addr) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -2562,7 +2573,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeerIP(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, peer.AccountID, []string{peerID})
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peerID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, peer.AccountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller of peer update: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -2634,7 +2647,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) savePeerIPUpdate(ctx context.Context, transacti
 // UpdatePeerIPv6 updates the IPv6 overlay address of a peer, validating it's
 // within the account's v6 network range and not already taken.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeerIPv6(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID string, newIPv6 netip.Addr) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("validate user permissions: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -2653,7 +2666,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeerIPv6(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 	}
 
 	if updateNetworkMap {
-		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peerID}); err != nil {
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peerID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller: %w", err)
 		}
 	}

management/server/account/manager.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	nbcache "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/cache"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/idp"
 	nbpeer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/peer"
@@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ type Manager interface {
 	UpdateAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newSettings *types.Settings) (*types.Settings, error)
 	UpdateAccountOnboarding(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newOnboarding *types.AccountOnboarding) (*types.AccountOnboarding, error)
 	LoginPeer(ctx context.Context, login types.PeerLogin) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, error)                       // used by peer gRPC API
+	ExtendPeerSession(ctx context.Context, peerPubKey, userID string) (time.Time, error)                                                    // used by peer gRPC API for ExtendAuthSession
 	SyncPeer(ctx context.Context, sync types.PeerSync, accountID string) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, int64, error) // used by peer gRPC API
 	GetExternalCacheManager() ExternalCacheManager
 	GetPostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountID, postureChecksID, userID string) (*posture.Checks, error)
@@ -127,6 +129,9 @@ type Manager interface {
 	GetAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.Settings, error)
 	DeleteSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, keyID string) error
 	UpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason)
+	UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string)
+	BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason)
+	ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, change affectedpeers.Change) []string
 	BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason)
 	BuildUserInfosForAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, initiatorUserID string, accountUsers []*types.User) (map[string]*types.UserInfo, error)
 	SyncUserJWTGroups(ctx context.Context, userAuth auth.UserAuth) error

management/server/account/manager_mock.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	dns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 	service "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service"
 	activity "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	affectedpeers "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	idp "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/idp"
 	peer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/peer"
 	posture "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
@@ -122,6 +123,18 @@ func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reas
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "BufferUpdateAccountPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).BufferUpdateAccountPeers), ctx, accountID, reason)
 }
 
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers mocks base method.
+func (m *MockManager) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	m.ctrl.Call(m, "BufferUpdateAffectedPeers", ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+}
+
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers indicates an expected call of BufferUpdateAffectedPeers.
+func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "BufferUpdateAffectedPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).BufferUpdateAffectedPeers), ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+}
+
 // BuildUserInfosForAccount mocks base method.
 func (m *MockManager) BuildUserInfosForAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, initiatorUserID string, accountUsers []*types.User) (map[string]*types.UserInfo, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -1304,6 +1317,21 @@ func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) LoginPeer(ctx, login interface{}) *gomock.Cal
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "LoginPeer", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).LoginPeer), ctx, login)
 }
 
+// ExtendPeerSession mocks base method.
+func (m *MockManager) ExtendPeerSession(ctx context.Context, peerPubKey, userID string) (time.Time, error) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ExtendPeerSession", ctx, peerPubKey, userID)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(time.Time)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
+}
+
+// ExtendPeerSession indicates an expected call of ExtendPeerSession.
+func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) ExtendPeerSession(ctx, peerPubKey, userID interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "ExtendPeerSession", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).ExtendPeerSession), ctx, peerPubKey, userID)
+}
+
 // MarkPeerConnected mocks base method.
 func (m *MockManager) MarkPeerConnected(ctx context.Context, peerKey string, realIP net.IP, accountID string, sessionStartedAt int64) error {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
@@ -1622,6 +1650,32 @@ func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason int
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "UpdateAccountPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).UpdateAccountPeers), ctx, accountID, reason)
 }
 
+// UpdateAffectedPeers mocks base method.
+func (m *MockManager) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	m.ctrl.Call(m, "UpdateAffectedPeers", ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+}
+
+// UpdateAffectedPeers indicates an expected call of UpdateAffectedPeers.
+func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "UpdateAffectedPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).UpdateAffectedPeers), ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+}
+
+// ResolveAffectedPeers mocks base method.
+func (m *MockManager) ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, change affectedpeers.Change) []string {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ResolveAffectedPeers", ctx, s, accountID, change)
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].([]string)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// ResolveAffectedPeers indicates an expected call of ResolveAffectedPeers.
+func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s, accountID, change interface{}) *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "ResolveAffectedPeers", reflect.TypeOf((*MockManager)(nil).ResolveAffectedPeers), ctx, s, accountID, change)
+}
+
 // UpdateAccountSettings mocks base method.
 func (m *MockManager) UpdateAccountSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newSettings *types.Settings) (*types.Settings, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()

management/server/account_test.go

@@ -3282,6 +3282,19 @@ func setupNetworkMapTest(t *testing.T) (*DefaultAccountManager, *update_channel.
 // when the channel delivers.
 const peerUpdateTimeout = 5 * time.Second
 
+func drainPeerUpdates(ch <-chan *network_map.UpdateMessage) {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case _, ok := <-ch:
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+		case <-time.After(200 * time.Millisecond):
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t *testing.T, updateMessage <-chan *network_map.UpdateMessage) {
 	t.Helper()
 	select {

management/server/activity/codes.go

@@ -240,6 +240,10 @@ const (
 	AccountLocalMfaEnabled Activity = 123
 	// AccountLocalMfaDisabled indicates that a user disabled TOTP MFA for local users
 	AccountLocalMfaDisabled Activity = 124
+	// UserExtendedPeerSession indicates that a user refreshed their peer's
+	// SSO session deadline via ExtendAuthSession without re-establishing the
+	// tunnel. Distinct from UserLoggedInPeer (full interactive login).
+	UserExtendedPeerSession Activity = 125
 
 	AccountDeleted Activity = 99999
 )
@@ -394,6 +398,8 @@ var activityMap = map[Activity]Code{
 	AccountLocalMfaEnabled:  {"Account local MFA enabled", "account.setting.local.mfa.enable"},
 	AccountLocalMfaDisabled: {"Account local MFA disabled", "account.setting.local.mfa.disable"},
 
+	UserExtendedPeerSession: {"User extended peer session", "user.peer.session.extend"},
+
 	DomainAdded:     {"Domain added", "domain.add"},
 	DomainDeleted:   {"Domain deleted", "domain.delete"},
 	DomainValidated: {"Domain validated", "domain.validate"},

management/server/affected_peers_coverage_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_DependencyCoverageMatrix enumerates each network-map
+// dependency crossed with the change-type that can alter it, asserting the
+// resolver folds in exactly the peers whose map changes. A new dependency that
+// the resolver fails to walk should fail one of these rows; a new change-type
+// without a row is a coverage gap to add here.
+func TestAffectedPeers_DependencyCoverageMatrix(t *testing.T) {
+	type row struct {
+		name  string
+		build func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string)
+	}
+
+	rows := []row{
+		{
+			name: "policy-groups/source-group-change refreshes source+routing, excludes unrelated",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{s.sourceGroupID}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "resource-routing-bridge/router-peer-change refreshes policy sources",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{ChangedPeerIDs: []string{s.routerPeerID}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "policy-change/explicit-policy refreshes source+routing",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "policy-destinationresource/explicit-policy bridges to routing peer",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				policy := peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "resource-change refreshes source+routing on its network",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{ResourceIDs: []string{s.resourceID}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "network-change refreshes source+routing on that network",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: []string{s.networkID}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "posture-check-change refreshes source+routing of gated policy",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				check, err := s.manager.SavePostureChecks(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &posture.Checks{
+					Name:   "cov-min-version",
+					Checks: posture.ChecksDefinition{NBVersionCheck: &posture.NBVersionCheck{MinVersion: "0.30.0"}},
+				}, true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+				policy.SourcePostureChecks = []string{check.ID}
+				_, err = s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, policy, true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return affectedpeers.Change{PostureCheckIDs: []string{check.ID}},
+					[]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID}, []string{s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "empty-change yields nothing",
+			build: func(t *testing.T, s *routerScenario, ctx context.Context) (affectedpeers.Change, []string, []string) {
+				return affectedpeers.Change{}, nil, []string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID, s.unrelatedPeerID}
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		t.Run(r.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+			ctx := context.Background()
+
+			change, mustContain, mustExclude := r.build(t, s, ctx)
+			affected := s.manager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s.manager.Store, s.accountID, change)
+
+			for _, id := range mustContain {
+				assert.Contains(t, affected, id, "expected peer to be affected")
+			}
+			for _, id := range mustExclude {
+				assert.NotContains(t, affected, id, "peer must not be affected")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

management/server/affected_peers_oldstate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	resourceTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
+	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+// An update spans an old and a new state. The affected set must be the UNION of
+// peers reachable before and after the change; resolving only against the final
+// state drops peers that were reachable but no longer are. These tests pin the
+// two paths where the old state is reachable only by the changed object's
+// previous references: detaching a resource group, and re-pointing a router peer.
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateResource_DetachGroup_RefreshesOldGroupSources:
+// a resource is reachable by a source group via two destination resource groups;
+// detaching one of them must still refresh that group's policy source peers, even
+// though the post-update resource no longer maps to it.
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateResource_DetachGroup_RefreshesOldGroupSources(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// A second resource group + a second source group/peer that reaches the
+	// resource only through that second group.
+	const detachGroupID = "rs-detach-grp"
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{ID: detachGroupID, Name: "rs-detach"}))
+
+	const secondSourceGroupID = "rs-source-grp-2"
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-detach-key", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	secondSourcePeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{
+		ID: secondSourceGroupID, Name: "rs-source-2", Peers: []string{secondSourcePeer.ID},
+	}))
+
+	resourcesManager, _, _ := s.managers()
+
+	// Attach the resource to the detach group as well: now in [resourceGroup, detachGroup].
+	_, err = resourcesManager.UpdateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		ID:        s.resourceID,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: s.networkID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/24",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{s.resourceGroupID, detachGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Policy granting the second source group access via the detach group.
+	_, err = s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(secondSourceGroupID, detachGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	secondSrcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, secondSourcePeer.ID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, secondSourcePeer.ID) })
+	settleAffectedUpdates(secondSrcCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		// Detaching the resource from detachGroup removes the second source's
+		// access; that source peer must be refreshed even though the post-update
+		// resource no longer maps to detachGroup.
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, secondSrcCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err = resourcesManager.UpdateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		ID:        s.resourceID,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: s.networkID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/24",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{s.resourceGroupID}, // detached detachGroup
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: detaching a resource group did not refresh the old group's policy source peer")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateRouter_RepointPeer_RefreshesOldRoutingPeer:
+// changing router.Peer within the same network must still refresh the OLD routing
+// peer, which loses its routing role.
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateRouter_RepointPeer_RefreshesOldRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, routersManager, _ := s.managers()
+
+	routers, err := s.manager.Store.GetNetworkRoutersByNetID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, s.accountID, s.networkID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, routers, 1)
+	router := routers[0]
+	oldRoutingPeer := router.Peer
+	require.NotEmpty(t, oldRoutingPeer)
+
+	// A new peer to become the routing peer in place of the old one.
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-newrouter-key", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	newRoutingPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+
+	oldCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, oldRoutingPeer)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, oldRoutingPeer) })
+	settleAffectedUpdates(oldCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		// The old routing peer stops serving the resource and must be refreshed.
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, oldCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err = routersManager.UpdateRouter(ctx, userID, &routerTypes.NetworkRouter{
+		ID:         router.ID,
+		NetworkID:  s.networkID,
+		AccountID:  s.accountID,
+		Peer:       newRoutingPeer.ID, // repoint within the same network
+		Masquerade: true,
+		Metric:     9999,
+		Enabled:    true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: re-pointing the router peer did not refresh the old routing peer")
+	}
+}

management/server/affected_peers_property_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"sort"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"golang.org/x/exp/maps"
+
+	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+// allPeerMaps computes the serialized per-peer network map for every peer in the
+// account, mirroring the controller's compute path so the property test compares
+// against real output.
+func allPeerMaps(t *testing.T, manager *DefaultAccountManager, accountID string) map[string]string {
+	t.Helper()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	account, err := manager.Store.GetAccount(ctx, accountID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	account.InjectProxyPolicies(ctx)
+
+	validated := make(map[string]struct{}, len(account.Peers))
+	for id := range account.Peers {
+		validated[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	resourcePolicies := account.GetResourcePoliciesMap()
+	routers := account.GetResourceRoutersMap()
+	groupIDToUserIDs := account.GetActiveGroupUsers()
+
+	out := make(map[string]string, len(account.Peers))
+	for peerID := range account.Peers {
+		nm := account.GetPeerNetworkMapFromComponents(ctx, peerID, nbdns.CustomZone{}, nil, validated, resourcePolicies, routers, nil, groupIDToUserIDs)
+		// Network.Serial is an account-global counter bumped on every change; it
+		// is not a per-peer dependency, so normalize it out of the comparison.
+		if nm.Network != nil {
+			nm.Network.Serial = 0
+		}
+		out[peerID] = canonicalJSON(t, nm)
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// canonicalJSON marshals v and returns an order-insensitive string form: every
+// JSON array is sorted by the canonical form of its elements. The network map's
+// Peers/Routes/FirewallRules/SourceRanges slices have nondeterministic order, so
+// a raw JSON compare would report spurious changes.
+func canonicalJSON(t *testing.T, v interface{}) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	b, err := json.Marshal(v)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	var parsed interface{}
+	require.NoError(t, json.Unmarshal(b, &parsed))
+	canonicalized, err := json.Marshal(sortAny(parsed))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return string(canonicalized)
+}
+
+func sortAny(v interface{}) interface{} {
+	switch val := v.(type) {
+	case []interface{}:
+		for i := range val {
+			val[i] = sortAny(val[i])
+		}
+		sort.Slice(val, func(i, j int) bool {
+			bi, _ := json.Marshal(val[i])
+			bj, _ := json.Marshal(val[j])
+			return string(bi) < string(bj)
+		})
+		return val
+	case map[string]interface{}:
+		for k := range val {
+			val[k] = sortAny(val[k])
+		}
+		return val
+	default:
+		return v
+	}
+}
+
+// changedPeers returns the peer IDs whose serialized map differs between before
+// and after.
+func changedPeers(before, after map[string]string) []string {
+	var changed []string
+	for id, b := range before {
+		a, ok := after[id]
+		if !ok || a != b {
+			changed = append(changed, id)
+		}
+	}
+	for id := range after {
+		if _, ok := before[id]; !ok {
+			changed = append(changed, id)
+		}
+	}
+	return changed
+}
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_Property_ResolverSupersetsRealChanges builds a topology,
+// applies random changes, and asserts that the resolver's affected set is a
+// superset of the peers whose real network map actually changed. If the resolver
+// ever misses a dependency, a change will alter a peer's map without that peer
+// appearing in the affected set, failing here.
+func TestAffectedPeers_Property_ResolverSupersetsRealChanges(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// A pre-existing peer->resource policy so the resource/router bridge is live.
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Extra peers and groups to give mutations room to move membership around.
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "prop-key", types.SetupKeyReusable, 0, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	extraPeers := make([]string, 0, 4)
+	for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+		p := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+		extraPeers = append(extraPeers, p.ID)
+	}
+	extraGroups := []string{"prop-grp-0", "prop-grp-1"}
+	for _, g := range extraGroups {
+		require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{ID: g, Name: g}))
+	}
+
+	rng := rand.New(rand.NewSource(1))
+	allGroups := append([]string{s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID, s.routerPeerGroupID}, extraGroups...)
+	allPeers := append([]string{s.sourcePeerID, s.routerPeerID, s.routerGroupPeerID, s.unrelatedPeerID}, extraPeers...)
+
+	for iter := 0; iter < 60; iter++ {
+		change, apply := s.randomMutation(t, rng, allGroups, allPeers)
+		if apply == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		before := allPeerMaps(t, s.manager, s.accountID)
+
+		resolvedSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+		resolve := func() {
+			require.NoError(t, s.manager.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(tx store.Store) error {
+				for _, id := range s.manager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, tx, s.accountID, change) {
+					resolvedSet[id] = struct{}{}
+				}
+				return nil
+			}))
+		}
+
+		// Resolve on both sides of the mutation and union: removals are visible
+		// only pre-apply (the leaving peer is still a member), additions only
+		// post-apply (the joining peer is now a member). Production captures both
+		// via per-path handling (e.g. UpdateGroup passes peersToRemove); the union
+		// models that without coupling the test to each path's ordering.
+		resolve()
+		changedIDs := change.ChangedPeerIDs
+		apply()
+		resolve()
+
+		after := allPeerMaps(t, s.manager, s.accountID)
+
+		// The explicitly-changed peer's own map refresh is the caller's
+		// responsibility (the resolver returns the peers to propagate to), so it
+		// is allowed to be absent from the resolved set.
+		changedExplicitly := make(map[string]struct{}, len(changedIDs))
+		for _, id := range changedIDs {
+			changedExplicitly[id] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		for _, id := range changedPeers(before, after) {
+			if _, stillExists := after[id]; !stillExists {
+				continue
+			}
+			if _, isExplicit := changedExplicitly[id]; isExplicit {
+				continue
+			}
+			_, ok := resolvedSet[id]
+			require.Truef(t, ok,
+				"iter %d: peer %s network map changed but was not in the resolver's affected set %v (change=%+v)",
+				iter, id, maps.Keys(resolvedSet), change)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// randomMutation picks a random change, returns the Change to resolve and a
+// function that applies the underlying store mutation. apply is nil when the
+// drawn mutation is a no-op for the current state.
+func (s *routerScenario) randomMutation(t *testing.T, rng *rand.Rand, allGroups, allPeers []string) (affectedpeers.Change, func()) {
+	t.Helper()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	switch rng.Intn(3) {
+	case 0:
+		groupID := allGroups[rng.Intn(len(allGroups))]
+		peerID := allPeers[rng.Intn(len(allPeers))]
+		grp, err := s.manager.Store.GetGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, s.accountID, groupID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		if slicesContains(grp.Peers, peerID) {
+			return affectedpeers.Change{}, nil
+		}
+		return affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}, ChangedPeerIDs: []string{peerID}},
+			func() {
+				require.NoError(t, s.manager.GroupAddPeer(ctx, s.accountID, groupID, peerID))
+			}
+	case 1:
+		groupID := allGroups[rng.Intn(len(allGroups))]
+		grp, err := s.manager.Store.GetGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, s.accountID, groupID)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		if len(grp.Peers) == 0 {
+			return affectedpeers.Change{}, nil
+		}
+		peerID := grp.Peers[rng.Intn(len(grp.Peers))]
+		return affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}, ChangedPeerIDs: []string{peerID}},
+			func() {
+				require.NoError(t, s.manager.GroupDeletePeer(ctx, s.accountID, groupID, peerID))
+			}
+	default:
+		src := allGroups[rng.Intn(len(allGroups))]
+		dst := allGroups[rng.Intn(len(allGroups))]
+		policy := &types.Policy{
+			Enabled: true,
+			Name:    fmt.Sprintf("prop-policy-%d", rng.Int()),
+			Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+				Enabled:      true,
+				Sources:      []string{src},
+				Destinations: []string{dst},
+				Action:       types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			}},
+		}
+		return affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy}},
+			func() {
+				_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, policy, true)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+			}
+	}
+}
+
+func slicesContains(s []string, v string) bool {
+	for _, x := range s {
+		if x == v {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

management/server/affected_peers_querycount_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
+	rpservice "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
+	resourceTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
+	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
+)
+
+// countingStore wraps a real store and counts the per-account collection loads
+// the resolver performs, so a test can assert each is read at most once and that
+// irrelevant collections are skipped entirely.
+type countingStore struct {
+	store.Store
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	counts map[string]int
+}
+
+func newCountingStore(s store.Store) *countingStore {
+	return &countingStore{Store: s, counts: map[string]int{}}
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) bump(name string) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	c.counts[name]++
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) count(name string) int {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	return c.counts[name]
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetAccountPolicies(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*types.Policy, error) {
+	c.bump("policies")
+	return c.Store.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetAccountRoutes(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*route.Route, error) {
+	c.bump("routes")
+	return c.Store.GetAccountRoutes(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetAccountNameServerGroups(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*nbdns.NameServerGroup, error) {
+	c.bump("nameservers")
+	return c.Store.GetAccountNameServerGroups(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetAccountDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) (*types.DNSSettings, error) {
+	c.bump("dnssettings")
+	return c.Store.GetAccountDNSSettings(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetNetworkRoutersByAccountID(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*routerTypes.NetworkRouter, error) {
+	c.bump("routers")
+	return c.Store.GetNetworkRoutersByAccountID(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetNetworkResourcesByAccountID(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*resourceTypes.NetworkResource, error) {
+	c.bump("resources")
+	return c.Store.GetNetworkResourcesByAccountID(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+func (c *countingStore) GetAccountServices(ctx context.Context, ls store.LockingStrength, accountID string) ([]*rpservice.Service, error) {
+	c.bump("services")
+	return c.Store.GetAccountServices(ctx, ls, accountID)
+}
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_QueryCount_NoRedundantFullTableLoads asserts the resolver
+// loads each per-account collection at most once per Resolve (memoization) even
+// on a change that drives every bridge, and skips the services table when the
+// account has no embedded proxy peers.
+func TestAffectedPeers_QueryCount_NoRedundantFullTableLoads(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cs := newCountingStore(s.manager.Store)
+
+	// A group change that exercises policies, routers, resources and the bridge.
+	affected, err := affectedpeers.Resolve(ctx, cs, s.accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{s.sourceGroupID}})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "bridge must still resolve the routing peer")
+
+	for _, name := range []string{"policies", "routes", "nameservers", "dnssettings", "routers", "resources"} {
+		assert.LessOrEqualf(t, cs.count(name), 1,
+			"%s must be loaded at most once per Resolve, got %d", name, cs.count(name))
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, cs.count("services"),
+		"services must not be loaded when the account has no embedded proxy peers")
+}
+
+// TestAffectedPeers_QueryCount_NarrowChangeSkipsLoads asserts that a change with
+// no group/peer signal touches no per-account collections beyond what its inputs
+// require.
+func TestAffectedPeers_QueryCount_NarrowChangeSkipsLoads(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	cs := newCountingStore(s.manager.Store)
+
+	// A bare network-id change drives only the router->source bridge: routers and
+	// resources are needed, but routes/nameservers/dnssettings/services are not.
+	_, err := affectedpeers.Resolve(ctx, cs, s.accountID, affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: []string{s.networkID}})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, cs.count("routes"), "routes must not be loaded for a network-only change")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, cs.count("nameservers"), "nameservers must not be loaded for a network-only change")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, cs.count("dnssettings"), "dnssettings must not be loaded for a network-only change")
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, cs.count("services"), "services must not be loaded for a network-only change")
+}

management/server/affected_peers_router_paths_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
+	resourceTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
+	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+func (s *routerScenario) resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx context.Context, changedGroupIDs []string) []string {
+	return s.manager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s.manager.Store, s.accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: changedGroupIDs})
+}
+
+func (s *routerScenario) resolvePeerChangeAffected(ctx context.Context, changedPeerIDs []string) []string {
+	return s.manager.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, s.manager.Store, s.accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_GroupChange_SourceGroupMembership_RefreshesRoutingPeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourceGroupID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "source group member must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"changing the source group of a peer->resource policy must refresh the resource's routing peer")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_GroupChange_SourceGroupMembership_RefreshesRoutingPeer_RouterPeerGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourceGroupID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerGroupPeerID,
+		"changing the source group must refresh the routing peer defined via router.PeerGroups")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_GroupChange_RouterPeerGroupMembership_RefreshesPolicySources(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.routerPeerGroupID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerGroupPeerID, "the routing peer itself must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID,
+		"changing the router's PeerGroups must refresh the source peers of policies serving the resource")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PeerChange_SourcePeer_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePeerChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourcePeerID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"a status change on a source peer must refresh the resource's routing peer that serves it")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PeerChange_RoutingPeer_RefreshesPolicySources(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePeerChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.routerPeerID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID,
+		"a status change on the routing peer must refresh the source peers that route through it")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PeerChange_SourcePeer_ByDestinationResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePeerChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourcePeerID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"DestinationResource-targeted policy must still bridge a source-peer change to the routing peer")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_DeleteGroup_ResolvesAffectedPeers(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	const memberOnlyGroupID = "rs-memberonly-grp"
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{
+		ID: memberOnlyGroupID, Name: "rs-memberonly", Peers: []string{s.sourcePeerID},
+	}))
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{memberOnlyGroupID})
+	assert.Empty(t, affected, "an unlinked group has no network-map impact, so no peer is affected")
+
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.DeleteGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, memberOnlyGroupID))
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_DeleteGroup_LinkedGroupIsBlocked(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	err = s.manager.DeleteGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, s.sourceGroupID)
+	require.Error(t, err, "deleting a policy-linked group must be blocked by validateDeleteGroup")
+
+	var linkErr *GroupLinkError
+	require.ErrorAs(t, err, &linkErr, "expected a GroupLinkError")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_GroupAddResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	const extraResourceGroupID = "rs-resource-grp-extra"
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{
+		ID: extraResourceGroupID, Name: "rs-resource-extra",
+	}))
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, extraResourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.GroupAddResource(ctx, s.accountID, extraResourceGroupID, types.Resource{
+		ID:   s.resourceID,
+		Type: types.ResourceTypeHost,
+	}))
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{extraResourceGroupID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"attaching a resource to a policy destination group must refresh the resource's routing peer")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "policy source peers must refresh")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func (s *routerScenario) resolvePostureCheckAffected(ctx context.Context, postureCheckID string) []string {
+	return s.manager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s.manager.Store, s.accountID, affectedpeers.Change{PostureCheckIDs: []string{postureCheckID}})
+}
+
+func (s *routerScenario) createPostureCheckGatedPolicy(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context) string {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	check, err := s.manager.SavePostureChecks(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &posture.Checks{
+		Name: "rs-min-version",
+		Checks: posture.ChecksDefinition{
+			NBVersionCheck: &posture.NBVersionCheck{MinVersion: "0.30.0"},
+		},
+	}, true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	policy.SourcePostureChecks = []string{check.ID}
+	_, err = s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, policy, true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	return check.ID
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PostureCheckChange_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	checkID := s.createPostureCheckGatedPolicy(t, ctx)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePostureCheckAffected(ctx, checkID)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "policy source peer must be affected by a posture-check change")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"a posture check gating a peer->resource policy must refresh the resource's routing peer")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_SavePostureCheck_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	checkID := s.createPostureCheckGatedPolicy(t, ctx)
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	unrelatedCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh, unrelatedCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh)
+		peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, unrelatedCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePostureChecks(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &posture.Checks{
+		ID:   checkID,
+		Name: "rs-min-version",
+		Checks: posture.ChecksDefinition{
+			NBVersionCheck: &posture.NBVersionCheck{MinVersion: "0.31.0"},
+		},
+	}, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: editing a posture check did not refresh source + routing peers")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateResource_DestinationResourcePolicy_RefreshesSourcePeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	resourcesManager, _, _ := s.managers()
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	unrelatedCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh, unrelatedCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh)
+		peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, unrelatedCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err = resourcesManager.UpdateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		ID:        s.resourceID,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: s.networkID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/25",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{s.resourceGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: updating a DestinationResource-targeted resource did not refresh its policy source peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdateResource_DisabledSiblingRouter_StillBridged(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	resourcesManager, routersManager, _ := s.managers()
+
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-key-disabled", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	disabledRouterPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	_, err = routersManager.CreateRouter(ctx, userID, &routerTypes.NetworkRouter{
+		NetworkID:  s.networkID,
+		AccountID:  s.accountID,
+		Peer:       disabledRouterPeer.ID,
+		Masquerade: true,
+		Metric:     9000,
+		Enabled:    false,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	disabledCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, disabledRouterPeer.ID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() { s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, disabledRouterPeer.ID) })
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(disabledCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, disabledCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err = resourcesManager.UpdateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		ID:        s.resourceID,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: s.networkID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/25",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{s.resourceGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: resource update did not refresh the disabled sibling router's peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_GroupChange_RouterInOtherNetworkNotAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	second := s.addSecondTopology(t, "groupiso")
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolveGroupChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourceGroupID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "network A's routing peer must be affected")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, second.routerPeerID,
+		"a router in an unrelated network must not be affected by a source-group change for another resource")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PeerChange_RouterInOtherNetworkNotAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	second := s.addSecondTopology(t, "peeriso")
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePeerChangeAffected(ctx, []string{s.sourcePeerID})
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "network A's routing peer must be affected")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, second.routerPeerID,
+		"a router in an unrelated network must not be affected by a source-peer change for another resource")
+}

management/server/affected_peers_router_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,791 @@
+package server
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/controllers/network_map"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/controllers/network_map/update_channel"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/groups"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources"
+	resourceTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers"
+	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
+	networkTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+// routerScenario captures the topology from the bug report:
+//
+//	network ── router (routing peer) ── resource (in resourceGroup)
+//	independent peer ──(policy: source -> resource)──> resource
+//
+// The routing peer must be refreshed when a policy grants a source peer access
+// to the resource, because the network map connects the source peer to the
+// routing peer at compute time (Account.GetPoliciesForNetworkResource +
+// addNetworksRoutingPeers). The routing peer is NOT a member of the resource
+// group, so static group/peer resolution alone cannot find it.
+type routerScenario struct {
+	manager       *DefaultAccountManager
+	updateManager *update_channel.PeersUpdateManager
+	accountID     string
+	networkID     string
+
+	sourcePeerID  string // independent peer that the policy grants access from
+	sourceGroupID string // group containing the source peer
+
+	routerPeerID      string // peer acting as the routing peer (direct router.Peer)
+	routerGroupPeerID string // peer that is a member of routerPeerGroup
+	routerPeerGroupID string // group used for router.PeerGroups
+
+	resourceID      string // network resource
+	resourceGroupID string // group whose member is the resource (no peers)
+
+	unrelatedPeerID string // peer in no relevant entity
+}
+
+// setupRouterScenario builds the topology above with the default policy removed
+// and channels NOT yet created, so callers control exactly when updates can flow.
+func setupRouterScenario(t *testing.T, directRouterPeer bool) *routerScenario {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	manager, updateManager, err := createManager(t)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	account, err := createAccount(manager, "router_scenario", userID, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	accountID := account.Id
+
+	// Remove the default policy so AddPeer/CreateGroup don't schedule unrelated updates.
+	policies, err := manager.Store.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	for _, p := range policies {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Store.DeletePolicy(ctx, accountID, p.ID))
+	}
+
+	setupKey, err := manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, accountID, "rs-key", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	sourcePeer := addPeerToAccount(t, manager, accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	routerPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, manager, accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	routerGroupPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, manager, accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	unrelatedPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, manager, accountID, setupKey.Key)
+
+	const (
+		sourceGroupID     = "rs-source-grp"
+		routerPeerGroupID = "rs-router-grp"
+		resourceGroupID   = "rs-resource-grp"
+	)
+
+	for _, g := range []*types.Group{
+		{ID: sourceGroupID, Name: "rs-source", Peers: []string{sourcePeer.ID}},
+		{ID: routerPeerGroupID, Name: "rs-router", Peers: []string{routerGroupPeer.ID}},
+		{ID: resourceGroupID, Name: "rs-resource"}, // intentionally peerless; the resource is its only member
+	} {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.CreateGroup(ctx, accountID, userID, g))
+	}
+
+	permissionsManager := permissions.NewManager(manager.Store)
+	groupsManager := groups.NewManager(manager.Store, permissionsManager, manager)
+	resourcesManager := resources.NewManager(manager.Store, permissionsManager, groupsManager, manager, manager.serviceManager)
+	routersManager := routers.NewManager(manager.Store, permissionsManager, manager)
+	networksManager := networks.NewManager(manager.Store, permissionsManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, manager)
+
+	network, err := networksManager.CreateNetwork(ctx, userID, &networkTypes.Network{
+		ID:        "rs-network",
+		AccountID: accountID,
+		Name:      "rs-network",
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	resource, err := resourcesManager.CreateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		AccountID: accountID,
+		NetworkID: network.ID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/24",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{resourceGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	router := &routerTypes.NetworkRouter{
+		ID:         "rs-router",
+		NetworkID:  network.ID,
+		AccountID:  accountID,
+		Masquerade: true,
+		Metric:     9999,
+		Enabled:    true,
+	}
+	if directRouterPeer {
+		router.Peer = routerPeer.ID
+	} else {
+		router.PeerGroups = []string{routerPeerGroupID}
+	}
+	_, err = routersManager.CreateRouter(ctx, userID, router)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	return &routerScenario{
+		manager:           manager,
+		updateManager:     updateManager,
+		accountID:         accountID,
+		networkID:         network.ID,
+		sourcePeerID:      sourcePeer.ID,
+		sourceGroupID:     sourceGroupID,
+		routerPeerID:      routerPeer.ID,
+		routerGroupPeerID: routerGroupPeer.ID,
+		routerPeerGroupID: routerPeerGroupID,
+		resourceID:        resource.ID,
+		resourceGroupID:   resourceGroupID,
+		unrelatedPeerID:   unrelatedPeer.ID,
+	}
+}
+
+// peerToResourcePolicy builds a policy granting the source group access to the
+// resource, referencing the resource by its group in the rule destination.
+func peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(sourceGroupID, resourceGroupID string) *types.Policy {
+	return &types.Policy{
+		Enabled: true,
+		Name:    "peer-to-resource-by-group",
+		Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{
+			{
+				Enabled:      true,
+				Sources:      []string{sourceGroupID},
+				Destinations: []string{resourceGroupID},
+				Action:       types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// peerToResourcePolicyByResource builds a policy referencing the resource
+// directly via DestinationResource rather than its group.
+func peerToResourcePolicyByResource(sourceGroupID, resourceID string) *types.Policy {
+	return &types.Policy{
+		Enabled: true,
+		Name:    "peer-to-resource-by-resource",
+		Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{
+			{
+				Enabled:             true,
+				Sources:             []string{sourceGroupID},
+				DestinationResource: types.Resource{ID: resourceID, Type: types.ResourceTypeHost},
+				Action:              types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Resolution-level tests: collectPolicyAffectedGroupsAndPeers + resolvePeerIDs.
+//
+// These isolate the resolver from the controller and assert directly on the set
+// of peer IDs the policy path would refresh. They make the gap explicit: the
+// routing peer is expected to be in the affected set but is not.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// resolvePolicyAffected mirrors SavePolicy's resolution: resolve the affected
+// peers for the given policy.
+func (s *routerScenario) resolvePolicyAffected(ctx context.Context, policy *types.Policy) []string {
+	return s.manager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s.manager.Store, s.accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy}})
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceByGroup_IncludesSourcePeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// The source peer is in the source group and must always be present.
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "source peer must be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceByGroup_IncludesRoutingPeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// BUG: the direct routing peer serves the resource's subnet to the source
+	// peer, so it must be refreshed when the policy is created. The policy path
+	// only resolves the literal rule groups (source group + resource group);
+	// the resource group has no peer members and the router peer is reachable
+	// only through the network, so it is dropped.
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"routing peer (router.Peer) serving the resource must be affected by a policy granting access to it")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceByGroup_IncludesRoutingPeer_RouterPeerGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// Same gap when the router is defined via PeerGroups instead of a direct peer.
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerGroupPeerID,
+		"routing peer (router.PeerGroups member) serving the resource must be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceByDestinationResource_IncludesRoutingPeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// When the resource is referenced via DestinationResource, RuleGroups()
+	// returns only the source group and the resource ID is not a peer, so
+	// collectPolicyAffectedGroupsAndPeers yields nothing for the destination at
+	// all. The routing peer is dropped here too.
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"routing peer must be affected when the resource is referenced via DestinationResource")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceByDestinationResource_IncludesRoutingPeer_RouterPeerGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerGroupPeerID,
+		"routing peer (PeerGroups) must be affected when the resource is referenced via DestinationResource")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResourceWithSourceResourcePeer_IncludesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// Source expressed as a direct peer (SourceResource), destination as resource group.
+	policy := &types.Policy{
+		Enabled: true,
+		Name:    "sourceResource-peer-to-resource",
+		Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{
+			{
+				Enabled:        true,
+				SourceResource: types.Resource{ID: s.sourcePeerID, Type: types.ResourceTypePeer},
+				Destinations:   []string{s.resourceGroupID},
+				Action:         types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// The direct source peer IS picked up (collectPolicyAffectedGroupsAndPeers
+	// handles SourceResource peers), but the routing peer is still missing.
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "direct source peer must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "routing peer must be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_UnrelatedPeerNotAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	// Guard against an over-broad fix: a peer in no relevant entity must never
+	// be pulled in.
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, s.unrelatedPeerID, "unrelated peer must not be affected")
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Control: the resource/router managers DO bridge resource-group -> router.
+// These document the existing (correct) behaviour on the resource side and
+// highlight the asymmetry with the policy side above.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_ResourceSideBridgesToRoutingPeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	// A pre-existing policy grants the source group access to the resource.
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Drive an update through the resource manager and assert the routing peer
+	// is among the affected set by observing the channel. This path walks
+	// policies whose destinations reference the resource's groups, folds in the
+	// source groups, and loads the network's routers, so it reaches both the
+	// source peer and the routing peer.
+	permissionsManager := permissions.NewManager(s.manager.Store)
+	groupsManager := groups.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, s.manager)
+	rm := resources.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, groupsManager, s.manager, s.manager.serviceManager)
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	})
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err = rm.UpdateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		ID:        s.resourceID,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: s.networkID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host",
+		Address:   "10.20.30.0/24",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{s.resourceGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: resource update did not refresh source peer + routing peer")
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// End-to-end: reproduce the reported symptom through SavePolicy with channels.
+//
+// Creating the peer->resource policy must wake the routing peer. These fail on
+// the current code because the policy path never resolves the routing peer.
+//
+// IMPORTANT: setup (CreateNetwork/CreateResource/CreateRouter) fires async
+// `go UpdateAffectedPeers` goroutines. Channels are opened and then drained via
+// settleAffectedUpdates before the action under test, so the assertion only
+// observes updates caused by that action and not stragglers from setup. The
+// resolution-level tests above are the timing-free, authoritative proof; these
+// reproduce the operator-visible symptom.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// settleAffectedUpdates waits for in-flight async updates to arrive, then drains
+// every given channel so subsequent assertions start from a clean slate.
+func settleAffectedUpdates(chans ...<-chan *network_map.UpdateMessage) {
+	time.Sleep(300 * time.Millisecond)
+	for _, ch := range chans {
+		drainPeerUpdates(ch)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_CreatePolicyToResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer_DirectRouter(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	unrelatedCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.unrelatedPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh, unrelatedCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh) // FAILS today: routing peer not resolved
+		peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, unrelatedCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: creating peer->resource policy did not refresh the routing peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_CreatePolicyToResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer_RouterPeerGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerGroupPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerGroupPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh) // FAILS today
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: routing peer (PeerGroups) not refreshed on policy create")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_CreatePolicyByDestinationResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh) // FAILS today
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: routing peer not refreshed when policy targets DestinationResource")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_DeletePolicyToResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh) // FAILS today: deleting the policy must also refresh the router
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.DeletePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, policy.ID, userID))
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: deleting peer->resource policy did not refresh the routing peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *routerScenario) managers() (resources.Manager, routers.Manager, networks.Manager) {
+	permissionsManager := permissions.NewManager(s.manager.Store)
+	groupsManager := groups.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, s.manager)
+	resourcesManager := resources.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, groupsManager, s.manager, s.manager.serviceManager)
+	routersManager := routers.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, s.manager)
+	networksManager := networks.NewManager(s.manager.Store, permissionsManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, s.manager)
+	return resourcesManager, routersManager, networksManager
+}
+
+type secondTopology struct {
+	networkID       string
+	resourceID      string
+	resourceGroupID string
+	routerPeerID    string
+}
+
+func (s *routerScenario) addSecondTopology(t *testing.T, suffix string) secondTopology {
+	t.Helper()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	resourcesManager, routersManager, networksManager := s.managers()
+
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-key-"+suffix, types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	routerPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+
+	resourceGroupID := "rs-resource-grp-" + suffix
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{
+		ID: resourceGroupID, Name: "rs-resource-" + suffix,
+	}))
+
+	network, err := networksManager.CreateNetwork(ctx, userID, &networkTypes.Network{
+		ID:        "rs-network-" + suffix,
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		Name:      "rs-network-" + suffix,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	resource, err := resourcesManager.CreateResource(ctx, userID, &resourceTypes.NetworkResource{
+		AccountID: s.accountID,
+		NetworkID: network.ID,
+		Name:      "rs-resource-host-" + suffix,
+		Address:   "10.40.50.0/24",
+		GroupIDs:  []string{resourceGroupID},
+		Enabled:   true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	_, err = routersManager.CreateRouter(ctx, userID, &routerTypes.NetworkRouter{
+		NetworkID:  network.ID,
+		AccountID:  s.accountID,
+		Peer:       routerPeer.ID,
+		Masquerade: true,
+		Metric:     9999,
+		Enabled:    true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	return secondTopology{
+		networkID:       network.ID,
+		resourceID:      resource.ID,
+		resourceGroupID: resourceGroupID,
+		routerPeerID:    routerPeer.ID,
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdatePolicyRepointResource_RefreshesBothRoutingPeers(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	second := s.addSecondTopology(t, "b")
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerACh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	routerBCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, second.routerPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, second.routerPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerACh, routerBCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerACh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerBCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	policy.Rules[0].Destinations = []string{second.resourceGroupID}
+	_, err = s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, policy, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: re-pointing the policy destination did not refresh both routing peers")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_UpdatePolicyAddSourceGroup_RefreshesRoutingPeer(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	const secondSourceGroupID = "rs-source-grp-2"
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-key-2", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	secondSourcePeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.CreateGroup(ctx, s.accountID, userID, &types.Group{
+		ID: secondSourceGroupID, Name: "rs-source-2", Peers: []string{secondSourcePeer.ID},
+	}))
+
+	policy, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	newSrcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, secondSourcePeer.ID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, secondSourcePeer.ID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(newSrcCh, routerCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, newSrcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	policy.Rules[0].Sources = []string{s.sourceGroupID, secondSourceGroupID}
+	_, err = s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, policy, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: adding a source group did not refresh the new source peer + routing peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_E2E_CreatePolicyByDestinationResource_RefreshesRoutingPeer_RouterPeerGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, false)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	srcCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+	routerCh := s.updateManager.CreateChannel(ctx, s.routerGroupPeerID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.sourcePeerID)
+		s.updateManager.CloseChannel(ctx, s.routerGroupPeerID)
+	})
+
+	settleAffectedUpdates(srcCh, routerCh)
+
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, srcCh)
+		peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, routerCh)
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	_, err := s.manager.SavePolicy(ctx, s.accountID, userID, peerToResourcePolicyByResource(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceID), true)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	select {
+	case <-done:
+	case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+		t.Error("timeout: DestinationResource policy with PeerGroups router did not refresh the routing peer")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_IncludesAllRoutingPeersOnNetwork(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	_, routersManager, _ := s.managers()
+	setupKey, err := s.manager.CreateSetupKey(ctx, s.accountID, "rs-key-r2", types.SetupKeyReusable, time.Hour, nil, 999, userID, false, false)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	secondRouterPeer := addPeerToAccount(t, s.manager, s.accountID, setupKey.Key)
+	_, err = routersManager.CreateRouter(ctx, userID, &routerTypes.NetworkRouter{
+		NetworkID:  s.networkID,
+		AccountID:  s.accountID,
+		Peer:       secondRouterPeer.ID,
+		Masquerade: true,
+		Metric:     9998,
+		Enabled:    true,
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID))
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "first routing peer must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, secondRouterPeer.ID, "second routing peer on the same network must also be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_DisabledRouterStillAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	routers, err := s.manager.Store.GetNetworkRoutersByNetID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, s.accountID, s.networkID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, routers, 1)
+	routers[0].Enabled = false
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.Store.UpdateNetworkRouter(ctx, routers[0]))
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID))
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "source peer must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"disabled router's peer must still be affected: Enabled must not gate affected-peers")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_DisabledResourceStillAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	res, err := s.manager.Store.GetNetworkResourceByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, s.accountID, s.resourceID)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	res.Enabled = false
+	require.NoError(t, s.manager.Store.SaveNetworkResource(ctx, res))
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID))
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.sourcePeerID, "source peer must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"disabled resource must still resolve the routing peer: Enabled must not gate affected-peers")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_DisabledRuleStillAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID)
+	policy.Rules[0].Enabled = false
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID,
+		"disabled rule must still resolve the routing peer: Enabled must not gate affected-peers")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_MultiRulePolicy_IncludesAllRoutingPeers(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	second := s.addSecondTopology(t, "c")
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	policy := &types.Policy{
+		Enabled: true,
+		Name:    "multi-rule-two-resources",
+		Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{
+			{
+				Enabled:      true,
+				Sources:      []string{s.sourceGroupID},
+				Destinations: []string{s.resourceGroupID},
+				Action:       types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			},
+			{
+				Enabled:      true,
+				Sources:      []string{s.sourceGroupID},
+				Destinations: []string{second.resourceGroupID},
+				Action:       types.PolicyTrafficActionAccept,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, policy)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "routing peer for resource A must be affected")
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, second.routerPeerID, "routing peer for resource B must be affected")
+}
+
+func TestAffectedPeers_PolicyToResource_RouterInOtherNetworkNotAffected(t *testing.T) {
+	s := setupRouterScenario(t, true)
+	second := s.addSecondTopology(t, "d")
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	affected := s.resolvePolicyAffected(ctx, peerToResourcePolicyByGroup(s.sourceGroupID, s.resourceGroupID))
+
+	assert.Contains(t, affected, s.routerPeerID, "network A's routing peer must be affected")
+	assert.NotContains(t, affected, second.routerPeerID,
+		"a router in an unrelated network must not be affected by a policy that does not target its resource")
+}

management/server/affectedpeers/resolver.go

@@ -0,0 +1,669 @@
+package affectedpeers
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	rpservice "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service"
+	resourceTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
+	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
+)
+
+// Change describes what changed in an account. The resolver never consults the
+// Enabled flag of any object: toggling Enabled is itself an observable change.
+type Change struct {
+	ChangedGroupIDs []string
+	ChangedPeerIDs  []string
+	Policies        []*types.Policy
+	Routes          []*route.Route
+	PostureCheckIDs []string
+	ResourceIDs     []string
+	NetworkIDs      []string
+}
+
+func (c Change) isEmpty() bool {
+	return len(c.ChangedGroupIDs) == 0 &&
+		len(c.ChangedPeerIDs) == 0 &&
+		len(c.Policies) == 0 &&
+		len(c.Routes) == 0 &&
+		len(c.PostureCheckIDs) == 0 &&
+		len(c.ResourceIDs) == 0 &&
+		len(c.NetworkIDs) == 0
+}
+
+// Resolve returns the deduplicated peer IDs whose network map may have changed by
+// the given Change. Safe to call inside or after a transaction.
+//
+// At trace level it logs the full reasoning — which inputs drove which graph
+// walks to which groups/peers, including the resource<->router bridge hops — so a
+// miscalculation can be diagnosed from the logs alone.
+func Resolve(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, c Change) ([]string, error) {
+	if c.isEmpty() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	r := newResolver(ctx, s, accountID, c)
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("affectedpeers resolve start: account=%s changedGroups=%v changedPeers=%v policies=%d routes=%d postureChecks=%v resources=%v networks=%v",
+		accountID, c.ChangedGroupIDs, c.ChangedPeerIDs, len(c.Policies), len(c.Routes), c.PostureCheckIDs, c.ResourceIDs, c.NetworkIDs)
+	r.walk()
+	return r.expand()
+}
+
+// Collect returns the affected group IDs and direct peer IDs without expanding
+// groups to members. For tests asserting on the intermediate sets; use Resolve otherwise.
+func Collect(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, c Change) (groupIDs []string, directPeerIDs []string) {
+	if c.isEmpty() {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	r := newResolver(ctx, s, accountID, c)
+	r.walk()
+	return setToSlice(r.groupSet), setToSlice(r.peerSet)
+}
+
+func newResolver(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, c Change) *resolver {
+	r := &resolver{
+		ctx:             ctx,
+		store:           s,
+		accountID:       accountID,
+		change:          c,
+		changedGroupSet: toSet(c.ChangedGroupIDs),
+		changedPeerSet:  toSet(c.ChangedPeerIDs),
+		groupSet:        make(map[string]struct{}),
+		peerSet:         make(map[string]struct{}),
+		resourceIDs:     toSet(c.ResourceIDs),
+		networkIDs:      toSet(c.NetworkIDs),
+	}
+	r.matchedPolicies = append(r.matchedPolicies, c.Policies...)
+	return r
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) walk() {
+	r.collectFromExplicitPolicies()
+	r.collectFromExplicitRoutes(r.change.Routes)
+	r.collectFromPostureChecks(r.change.PostureCheckIDs)
+
+	if len(r.changedGroupSet) > 0 || len(r.changedPeerSet) > 0 {
+		r.collectFromPolicies()
+		r.collectFromRoutes()
+		r.collectFromNameServers()
+		r.collectFromDNSSettings()
+		r.collectFromNetworkRouters()
+		r.collectFromProxyServices()
+	}
+
+	r.collectResourceRouterBridge()
+}
+
+type resolver struct {
+	ctx       context.Context
+	store     store.Store
+	accountID string
+	change    Change
+
+	changedGroupSet map[string]struct{}
+	changedPeerSet  map[string]struct{}
+
+	groupSet map[string]struct{}
+	peerSet  map[string]struct{}
+
+	matchedPolicies []*types.Policy
+	resourceIDs     map[string]struct{}
+	networkIDs      map[string]struct{}
+
+	// Memoized per-account collections: each is loaded from the store at most
+	// once per Resolve and only when a walker actually needs it.
+	cachedPolicies  []*types.Policy
+	policiesLoaded  bool
+	cachedResources []*resourceTypes.NetworkResource
+	resourcesLoaded bool
+	cachedRouters   []*routerTypes.NetworkRouter
+	routersLoaded   bool
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) policies() []*types.Policy {
+	if r.policiesLoaded {
+		return r.cachedPolicies
+	}
+	r.policiesLoaded = true
+	policies, err := r.store.GetAccountPolicies(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get policies for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r.cachedPolicies = policies
+	return r.cachedPolicies
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) networkResources() []*resourceTypes.NetworkResource {
+	if r.resourcesLoaded {
+		return r.cachedResources
+	}
+	r.resourcesLoaded = true
+	resources, err := r.store.GetNetworkResourcesByAccountID(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get network resources for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r.cachedResources = resources
+	return r.cachedResources
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) networkRouters() []*routerTypes.NetworkRouter {
+	if r.routersLoaded {
+		return r.cachedRouters
+	}
+	r.routersLoaded = true
+	routers, err := r.store.GetNetworkRoutersByAccountID(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get network routers for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	r.cachedRouters = routers
+	return r.cachedRouters
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) expand() ([]string, error) {
+	groupIDs := setToSlice(r.groupSet)
+	var peerIDs []string
+	if len(groupIDs) > 0 {
+		ids, err := r.store.GetPeerIDsByGroups(r.ctx, r.accountID, groupIDs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		peerIDs = ids
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("affectedpeers resolve expand: account=%s affectedGroups=%v -> %d group-member peers; direct peers=%v",
+		r.accountID, groupIDs, len(peerIDs), setToSlice(r.peerSet))
+
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(peerIDs))
+	for _, id := range peerIDs {
+		seen[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	for id := range r.peerSet {
+		if _, ok := seen[id]; !ok {
+			peerIDs = append(peerIDs, id)
+			seen[id] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("affectedpeers resolve done: account=%s -> %d affected peers: %v", r.accountID, len(peerIDs), peerIDs)
+	return peerIDs, nil
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromExplicitPolicies() {
+	for _, policy := range r.matchedPolicies {
+		if policy == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromExplicitPolicies: changed policy %s (%s) -> folding rule groups %v + direct peers",
+			policy.ID, policy.Name, policy.RuleGroups())
+		addAll(r.groupSet, policy.RuleGroups())
+		collectPolicyDirectPeers(policy, r.peerSet)
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromExplicitRoutes(routes []*route.Route) {
+	for _, rt := range routes {
+		if rt == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromExplicitRoutes: changed route %s -> folding groups=%v peerGroups=%v accessControlGroups=%v peer=%q",
+			rt.ID, rt.Groups, rt.PeerGroups, rt.AccessControlGroups, rt.Peer)
+		addAll(r.groupSet, rt.Groups, rt.PeerGroups, rt.AccessControlGroups)
+		if rt.Peer != "" {
+			r.peerSet[rt.Peer] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromPostureChecks(postureCheckIDs []string) {
+	if len(postureCheckIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	ids := toSet(postureCheckIDs)
+	for _, policy := range r.policies() {
+		if !policyReferencesPostureChecks(policy, ids) {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromPostureChecks: policy %s (%s) references changed posture checks %v -> folding rule groups %v + direct peers",
+			policy.ID, policy.Name, postureCheckIDs, policy.RuleGroups())
+		addAll(r.groupSet, policy.RuleGroups())
+		collectPolicyDirectPeers(policy, r.peerSet)
+		r.matchedPolicies = append(r.matchedPolicies, policy)
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromPolicies() {
+	for _, policy := range r.policies() {
+		matchedByGroup := policyReferencesGroups(policy, r.changedGroupSet)
+		matchedByPeer := len(r.changedPeerSet) > 0 && policyReferencesDirectPeers(policy, r.changedPeerSet)
+		if !matchedByGroup && !matchedByPeer {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromPolicies: policy %s (%s) matched (byGroup=%t byPeer=%t) -> folding rule groups %v + direct peers",
+			policy.ID, policy.Name, matchedByGroup, matchedByPeer, policy.RuleGroups())
+		addAll(r.groupSet, policy.RuleGroups())
+		collectPolicyDirectPeers(policy, r.peerSet)
+		r.matchedPolicies = append(r.matchedPolicies, policy)
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromRoutes() {
+	routes, err := r.store.GetAccountRoutes(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get routes for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	for _, rt := range routes {
+		matchedByGroup := anyInSet(rt.Groups, r.changedGroupSet) || anyInSet(rt.PeerGroups, r.changedGroupSet) || anyInSet(rt.AccessControlGroups, r.changedGroupSet)
+		matchedByPeer := rt.Peer != "" && len(r.changedPeerSet) > 0 && isInSet(rt.Peer, r.changedPeerSet)
+		if !matchedByGroup && !matchedByPeer {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromRoutes: route %s matched (byGroup=%t byPeer=%t) -> folding groups=%v peerGroups=%v accessControlGroups=%v peer=%q",
+			rt.ID, matchedByGroup, matchedByPeer, rt.Groups, rt.PeerGroups, rt.AccessControlGroups, rt.Peer)
+		addAll(r.groupSet, rt.Groups, rt.PeerGroups, rt.AccessControlGroups)
+		if rt.Peer != "" {
+			r.peerSet[rt.Peer] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromNameServers() {
+	if len(r.changedGroupSet) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	nsGroups, err := r.store.GetAccountNameServerGroups(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get nameserver groups for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	for _, ns := range nsGroups {
+		if anyInSet(ns.Groups, r.changedGroupSet) {
+			log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromNameServers: nameserver group %s references a changed group -> folding its groups %v", ns.ID, ns.Groups)
+			addAll(r.groupSet, ns.Groups)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromDNSSettings() {
+	if len(r.changedGroupSet) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	dnsSettings, err := r.store.GetAccountDNSSettings(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get DNS settings for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	for _, gID := range dnsSettings.DisabledManagementGroups {
+		if _, ok := r.changedGroupSet[gID]; ok {
+			log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromDNSSettings: changed group %s is in DisabledManagementGroups -> folding it", gID)
+			r.groupSet[gID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromNetworkRouters() {
+	for _, router := range r.networkRouters() {
+		matchedByGroup := anyInSet(router.PeerGroups, r.changedGroupSet)
+		matchedByPeer := router.Peer != "" && len(r.changedPeerSet) > 0 && isInSet(router.Peer, r.changedPeerSet)
+		if !matchedByGroup && !matchedByPeer {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromNetworkRouters: router %s on network %s matched (byGroup=%t byPeer=%t) -> folding peerGroups=%v peer=%q and marking network for source bridge",
+			router.ID, router.NetworkID, matchedByGroup, matchedByPeer, router.PeerGroups, router.Peer)
+		addAll(r.groupSet, router.PeerGroups)
+		if router.Peer != "" {
+			r.peerSet[router.Peer] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		r.networkIDs[router.NetworkID] = struct{}{}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) collectFromProxyServices() {
+	services, proxyByCluster, ok := r.loadProxyServiceContext()
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	expanded := r.expandChangedPeersWithGroups()
+
+	for _, svc := range services {
+		if svc == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		proxyPeers := proxyByCluster[svc.ProxyCluster]
+		if len(proxyPeers) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		matchedByPeer := serviceMatchesChangedPeers(svc, proxyPeers, expanded)
+		matchedByAccessGroup := anyInSet(svc.AccessGroups, r.changedGroupSet)
+		if !matchedByPeer && !matchedByAccessGroup {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("collectFromProxyServices: service %s (cluster=%s) matched (byProxyOrTargetPeer=%t byAccessGroup=%t) -> folding %d proxy peers, peer targets and access groups %v",
+			svc.ID, svc.ProxyCluster, matchedByPeer, matchedByAccessGroup, len(proxyPeers), svc.AccessGroups)
+		for _, pid := range proxyPeers {
+			r.peerSet[pid] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		for _, target := range svc.Targets {
+			if target.TargetType == rpservice.TargetTypePeer && target.TargetId != "" {
+				r.peerSet[target.TargetId] = struct{}{}
+			}
+		}
+		addAll(r.groupSet, svc.AccessGroups)
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) loadProxyServiceContext() ([]*rpservice.Service, map[string][]string, bool) {
+	// Embedded proxy peers are the prerequisite for any synthesized proxy policy.
+	// Probe that first (a narrow, indexed lookup) and skip the services table load
+	// entirely when the account has no embedded proxy peers.
+	proxyByCluster, err := r.store.GetEmbeddedProxyPeerIDsByCluster(r.ctx, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get embedded proxy peers for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return nil, nil, false
+	}
+	if len(proxyByCluster) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil, false
+	}
+	services, err := r.store.GetAccountServices(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get services for affected peers resolution: %v", err)
+		return nil, nil, false
+	}
+	if len(services) == 0 {
+		return nil, nil, false
+	}
+	return services, proxyByCluster, true
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) expandChangedPeersWithGroups() map[string]struct{} {
+	if len(r.changedGroupSet) == 0 {
+		return r.changedPeerSet
+	}
+	ids, err := r.store.GetPeerIDsByGroups(r.ctx, r.accountID, setToSlice(r.changedGroupSet))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to expand changed groups to peers for service resolution: %v", err)
+		return r.changedPeerSet
+	}
+	if len(ids) == 0 {
+		return r.changedPeerSet
+	}
+	merged := make(map[string]struct{}, len(r.changedPeerSet)+len(ids))
+	for id := range r.changedPeerSet {
+		merged[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		merged[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return merged
+}
+
+// collectResourceRouterBridge folds in the routing peers serving the resources
+// targeted by matched/explicit policies (source -> router), and the source peers
+// of policies serving resources on the affected networks (router -> source). The
+// routing peer is reachable only through resource -> network -> router, never
+// through the policy's own groups, so it must be collected here.
+func (r *resolver) collectResourceRouterBridge() {
+	r.bridgeSourceToRouters()
+	r.bridgeRoutersToSources()
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) bridgeSourceToRouters() {
+	resourceIDs := r.policyDestinationResourceIDs(r.matchedPolicies...)
+	for id := range r.resourceIDs {
+		resourceIDs[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	if len(resourceIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	networkIDs := r.resourceNetworkIDs(resourceIDs)
+	log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("bridgeSourceToRouters: targeted resources %v -> networks %v (their routers become affected via the router->source pass)",
+		setToSlice(resourceIDs), setToSlice(networkIDs))
+	for id := range networkIDs {
+		r.networkIDs[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) bridgeRoutersToSources() {
+	if len(r.networkIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("bridgeRoutersToSources: affected networks %v -> folding their routing peers and the source peers of policies targeting their resources",
+		setToSlice(r.networkIDs))
+
+	r.foldRoutersOnNetworks(r.networkIDs)
+
+	resourceIDs := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, resource := range r.networkResources() {
+		if _, ok := r.networkIDs[resource.NetworkID]; ok {
+			resourceIDs[resource.ID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(resourceIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, policy := range r.policies() {
+		if r.policyTargetsResources(policy, resourceIDs) {
+			log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("bridgeRoutersToSources: policy %s (%s) targets an affected-network resource -> folding its source groups/peers", policy.ID, policy.Name)
+			collectPolicySources(policy, r.groupSet, r.peerSet)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) foldRoutersOnNetworks(networkIDs map[string]struct{}) {
+	for _, router := range r.networkRouters() {
+		if _, ok := networkIDs[router.NetworkID]; !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Tracef("bridgeRoutersToSources: router %s serves affected network %s -> folding peerGroups=%v peer=%q",
+			router.ID, router.NetworkID, router.PeerGroups, router.Peer)
+		addAll(r.groupSet, router.PeerGroups)
+		if router.Peer != "" {
+			r.peerSet[router.Peer] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) resourceNetworkIDs(resourceIDs map[string]struct{}) map[string]struct{} {
+	networkIDs := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, resource := range r.networkResources() {
+		if _, ok := resourceIDs[resource.ID]; ok {
+			networkIDs[resource.NetworkID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	return networkIDs
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) policyTargetsResources(policy *types.Policy, resourceIDs map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	if policy == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	destGroupSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+		if rule.DestinationResource.Type != types.ResourceTypePeer && isInSet(rule.DestinationResource.ID, resourceIDs) {
+			return true
+		}
+		for _, gID := range rule.Destinations {
+			destGroupSet[gID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	if len(destGroupSet) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	groups, err := r.store.GetGroupsByIDs(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID, setToSlice(destGroupSet))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get destination groups for router policy bridge: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, group := range groups {
+		for _, res := range group.Resources {
+			if isInSet(res.ID, resourceIDs) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (r *resolver) policyDestinationResourceIDs(policies ...*types.Policy) map[string]struct{} {
+	resourceIDs := make(map[string]struct{})
+	destGroupSet := collectPolicyDestinations(resourceIDs, policies...)
+	r.addGroupResourceIDs(destGroupSet, resourceIDs)
+	return resourceIDs
+}
+
+// collectPolicyDestinations adds each rule's direct destination resource IDs to
+// resourceIDs and returns the set of destination group IDs referenced.
+func collectPolicyDestinations(resourceIDs map[string]struct{}, policies ...*types.Policy) map[string]struct{} {
+	destGroupSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, policy := range policies {
+		if policy == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+			addAll(destGroupSet, rule.Destinations)
+			if rule.DestinationResource.Type != types.ResourceTypePeer && rule.DestinationResource.ID != "" {
+				resourceIDs[rule.DestinationResource.ID] = struct{}{}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return destGroupSet
+}
+
+// addGroupResourceIDs folds the resource IDs of the given groups into resourceIDs.
+func (r *resolver) addGroupResourceIDs(groupIDs map[string]struct{}, resourceIDs map[string]struct{}) {
+	if len(groupIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	groups, err := r.store.GetGroupsByIDs(r.ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, r.accountID, setToSlice(groupIDs))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(r.ctx).Errorf("failed to get destination groups for resource router bridge: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	for _, group := range groups {
+		for _, res := range group.Resources {
+			if res.ID != "" {
+				resourceIDs[res.ID] = struct{}{}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func collectPolicyDirectPeers(policy *types.Policy, peerSet map[string]struct{}) {
+	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+		if rule.SourceResource.Type == types.ResourceTypePeer && rule.SourceResource.ID != "" {
+			peerSet[rule.SourceResource.ID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+		if rule.DestinationResource.Type == types.ResourceTypePeer && rule.DestinationResource.ID != "" {
+			peerSet[rule.DestinationResource.ID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func collectPolicySources(policy *types.Policy, groupSet, peerSet map[string]struct{}) {
+	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+		addAll(groupSet, rule.Sources)
+		if rule.SourceResource.Type == types.ResourceTypePeer && rule.SourceResource.ID != "" {
+			peerSet[rule.SourceResource.ID] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func policyReferencesGroups(policy *types.Policy, groupSet map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+		if anyInSet(rule.Sources, groupSet) || anyInSet(rule.Destinations, groupSet) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func policyReferencesDirectPeers(policy *types.Policy, changedSet map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+		if isDirectPeerInSet(rule.SourceResource, changedSet) || isDirectPeerInSet(rule.DestinationResource, changedSet) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func policyReferencesPostureChecks(policy *types.Policy, ids map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, id := range policy.SourcePostureChecks {
+		if _, ok := ids[id]; ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func isDirectPeerInSet(res types.Resource, set map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	if res.Type != types.ResourceTypePeer || res.ID == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	_, ok := set[res.ID]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func serviceMatchesChangedPeers(svc *rpservice.Service, proxyPeers []string, changedPeers map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, pid := range proxyPeers {
+		if _, ok := changedPeers[pid]; ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	for _, target := range svc.Targets {
+		if target.TargetType != rpservice.TargetTypePeer || target.TargetId == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, ok := changedPeers[target.TargetId]; ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func anyInSet(ids []string, set map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if _, ok := set[id]; ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func isInSet(id string, set map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	_, ok := set[id]
+	return ok
+}
+
+func addAll(set map[string]struct{}, slices ...[]string) {
+	for _, s := range slices {
+		for _, id := range s {
+			set[id] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func toSet(ids []string) map[string]struct{} {
+	set := make(map[string]struct{}, len(ids))
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		set[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return set
+}
+
+func setToSlice(set map[string]struct{}) []string {
+	s := make([]string, 0, len(set))
+	for id := range set {
+		s = append(s, id)
+	}
+	return s
+}

management/server/affectedpeers/resolver_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+package affectedpeers
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
+)
+
+// policyGroupsAndPeers mirrors the explicit-policy extraction (RuleGroups +
+// direct peers) the resolver folds in, for asserting the pure logic.
+func policyGroupsAndPeers(policies ...*types.Policy) (groups []string, peers []string) {
+	peerSet := map[string]struct{}{}
+	for _, p := range policies {
+		if p == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		groups = append(groups, p.RuleGroups()...)
+		collectPolicyDirectPeers(p, peerSet)
+	}
+	for id := range peerSet {
+		peers = append(peers, id)
+	}
+	return groups, peers
+}
+
+func TestPolicyGroupsAndPeers_Basic(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{Sources: []string{"g1", "g2"}, Destinations: []string{"g3"}}}}
+	groups, peers := policyGroupsAndPeers(policy)
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"g1", "g2", "g3"}, groups)
+	assert.Empty(t, peers)
+}
+
+func TestPolicyGroupsAndPeers_WithPeerResources(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+		Sources:             []string{"g1"},
+		SourceResource:      types.Resource{ID: "p1", Type: types.ResourceTypePeer},
+		Destinations:        []string{"g2"},
+		DestinationResource: types.Resource{ID: "p2", Type: types.ResourceTypePeer},
+	}}}
+	groups, peers := policyGroupsAndPeers(policy)
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"g1", "g2"}, groups)
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"p1", "p2"}, peers)
+}
+
+func TestPolicyGroupsAndPeers_NilPolicy(t *testing.T) {
+	groups, peers := policyGroupsAndPeers(nil)
+	assert.Nil(t, groups)
+	assert.Nil(t, peers)
+}
+
+func TestPolicyGroupsAndPeers_MultiplePolicies(t *testing.T) {
+	old := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{Sources: []string{"g1"}, Destinations: []string{"g2"}}}}
+	updated := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{Sources: []string{"g3"}, Destinations: []string{"g4"}}}}
+	groups, _ := policyGroupsAndPeers(updated, old)
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"g1", "g2", "g3", "g4"}, groups)
+}
+
+func TestPolicyGroupsAndPeers_NonPeerResource(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+		Sources:        []string{"g1"},
+		SourceResource: types.Resource{ID: "domain-1", Type: types.ResourceTypeDomain},
+		Destinations:   []string{"g2"},
+	}}}
+	groups, peers := policyGroupsAndPeers(policy)
+	assert.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"g1", "g2"}, groups)
+	assert.Empty(t, peers, "domain resource type should not produce direct peer IDs")
+}
+
+func TestChangeIsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	assert.True(t, Change{}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{"g"}}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{ChangedPeerIDs: []string{"p"}}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{{}}}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{ResourceIDs: []string{"r"}}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{NetworkIDs: []string{"n"}}.isEmpty())
+	assert.False(t, Change{PostureCheckIDs: []string{"pc"}}.isEmpty())
+}
+
+func TestPolicyReferencesGroups(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{Sources: []string{"g1", "g2"}, Destinations: []string{"g3"}}}}
+
+	assert.True(t, policyReferencesGroups(policy, map[string]struct{}{"g1": {}}))
+	assert.True(t, policyReferencesGroups(policy, map[string]struct{}{"g3": {}}))
+	assert.False(t, policyReferencesGroups(policy, map[string]struct{}{"g4": {}}))
+	assert.False(t, policyReferencesGroups(policy, map[string]struct{}{}))
+}
+
+func TestPolicyReferencesDirectPeers(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+		SourceResource:      types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypePeer, ID: "p1"},
+		DestinationResource: types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypeHost, ID: "r1"},
+	}}}
+
+	assert.True(t, policyReferencesDirectPeers(policy, map[string]struct{}{"p1": {}}))
+	assert.False(t, policyReferencesDirectPeers(policy, map[string]struct{}{"r1": {}}))
+	assert.False(t, policyReferencesDirectPeers(policy, map[string]struct{}{"p2": {}}))
+}
+
+func TestPolicyReferencesPostureChecks(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{SourcePostureChecks: []string{"pc1", "pc2"}}
+
+	assert.True(t, policyReferencesPostureChecks(policy, map[string]struct{}{"pc1": {}}))
+	assert.False(t, policyReferencesPostureChecks(policy, map[string]struct{}{"pc3": {}}))
+}
+
+func TestCollectPolicyDirectPeers(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+		SourceResource:      types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypePeer, ID: "p1"},
+		DestinationResource: types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypePeer, ID: "p2"},
+	}, {
+		DestinationResource: types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypeHost, ID: "r1"},
+	}}}
+
+	peerSet := map[string]struct{}{}
+	collectPolicyDirectPeers(policy, peerSet)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, peerSet, "p1")
+	assert.Contains(t, peerSet, "p2")
+	assert.NotContains(t, peerSet, "r1")
+}
+
+func TestCollectPolicySources(t *testing.T) {
+	policy := &types.Policy{Rules: []*types.PolicyRule{{
+		Sources:        []string{"g1"},
+		SourceResource: types.Resource{Type: types.ResourceTypePeer, ID: "p1"},
+		Destinations:   []string{"g2"},
+	}}}
+
+	groupSet := map[string]struct{}{}
+	peerSet := map[string]struct{}{}
+	collectPolicySources(policy, groupSet, peerSet)
+
+	assert.Contains(t, groupSet, "g1")
+	assert.NotContains(t, groupSet, "g2", "destination groups must not be collected as sources")
+	assert.Contains(t, peerSet, "p1")
+}

management/server/context/keys.go

@@ -1,10 +1,27 @@
 package context
 
-import "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/context"
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	nbcontext "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/context"
+)
 
 const (
-	RequestIDKey = context.RequestIDKey
-	AccountIDKey = context.AccountIDKey
-	UserIDKey    = context.UserIDKey
-	PeerIDKey    = context.PeerIDKey
+	RequestIDKey = nbcontext.RequestIDKey
+	AccountIDKey = nbcontext.AccountIDKey
+	RoleKey      = nbcontext.RoleKey
+	UserIDKey    = nbcontext.UserIDKey
+	PeerIDKey    = nbcontext.PeerIDKey
 )
+
+// RoleFromContext returns the role stored in ctx, or empty string and false if absent.
+func RoleFromContext(ctx context.Context) (string, bool) {
+	role, ok := ctx.Value(RoleKey).(string)
+	return role, ok
+}
+
+// WithRole returns a new context carrying the given role.
+func WithRole(ctx context.Context, role string) context.Context {
+	//nolint
+	return context.WithValue(ctx, RoleKey, role)
+}

management/server/dns.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ const (
 
 // GetDNSSettings validates a user role and returns the DNS settings for the provided account ID
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) (*types.DNSSettings, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		return status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "the dns settings provided are nil")
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Dns, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		return status.NewPermissionDeniedError()
 	}
 
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
 	var eventsToStore []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validateDNSSettings(ctx, transaction, accountID, dnsSettingsToSave); err != nil {
@@ -63,11 +63,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		addedGroups := util.Difference(dnsSettingsToSave.DisabledManagementGroups, oldSettings.DisabledManagementGroups)
 		removedGroups := util.Difference(oldSettings.DisabledManagementGroups, dnsSettingsToSave.DisabledManagementGroups)
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areDNSSettingChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, addedGroups, removedGroups)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		events := am.prepareDNSSettingsEvents(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, addedGroups, removedGroups)
 		eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, events...)
 
@@ -75,6 +70,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			return err
 		}
 
+		allGroups := slices.Concat(addedGroups, removedGroups)
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.resolvePeerIDs(ctx, transaction, accountID, allGroups, nil)
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -85,8 +83,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID
 		storeEvent()
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceDNSSettings, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("SaveDNSSettings: updating %d affected peers: %v", len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SaveDNSSettings: no affected peers")
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -133,20 +134,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) prepareDNSSettingsEvents(ctx context.Context, t
 	return eventsToStore
 }
 
-// areDNSSettingChangesAffectPeers checks if the DNS settings changes affect any peers.
-func areDNSSettingChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, addedGroups, removedGroups []string) (bool, error) {
-	hasPeers, err := anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, accountID, addedGroups)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
-	}
-
-	if hasPeers {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	return anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, accountID, removedGroups)
-}
-
 // validateDNSSettings validates the DNS settings.
 func validateDNSSettings(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, settings *types.DNSSettings) error {
 	if len(settings.DisabledManagementGroups) == 0 {

management/server/event.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func isEnabled() bool {
 
 // GetEvents returns a list of activity events of an account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetEvents(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*activity.Event, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Events, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Events, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/server/group.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	routerTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ func (e *GroupLinkError) Error() string {
 
 // CheckGroupPermissions validates if a user has the necessary permissions to view groups
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CheckGroupPermissions(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Read)
+	allowed, _, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetGroupByName(ctx context.Context, groupName,
 
 // CreateGroup object of the peers
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newGroup *types.Group) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validateNewGroup(ctx, transaction, accountID, newGroup); err != nil {
@@ -91,11 +92,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 		events := am.prepareGroupEvents(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, newGroup)
 		eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, events...)
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{newGroup.ID})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err := transaction.CreateGroup(ctx, newGroup); err != nil {
 			return status.Errorf(status.Internal, "failed to create group: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -106,6 +102,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 			}
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{newGroup.ID}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -116,8 +114,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 		storeEvent()
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateGroup %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", newGroup.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateGroup %s: no affected peers", newGroup.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 
 // UpdateGroup object of the peers
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newGroup *types.Group) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validateNewGroup(ctx, transaction, accountID, newGroup); err != nil {
@@ -151,22 +152,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 			return status.Errorf(status.NotFound, "group with ID %s not found", newGroup.ID)
 		}
 
-		peersToAdd := util.Difference(newGroup.Peers, oldGroup.Peers)
 		peersToRemove := util.Difference(oldGroup.Peers, newGroup.Peers)
-
-		for _, peerID := range peersToAdd {
-			if err := transaction.AddPeerToGroup(ctx, accountID, peerID, newGroup.ID); err != nil {
-				return status.Errorf(status.Internal, "failed to add peer %s to group %s: %v", peerID, newGroup.ID, err)
-			}
-		}
-		for _, peerID := range peersToRemove {
-			if err := transaction.RemovePeerFromGroup(ctx, peerID, newGroup.ID); err != nil {
-				return status.Errorf(status.Internal, "failed to remove peer %s from group %s: %v", peerID, newGroup.ID, err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{newGroup.ID})
-		if err != nil {
+		if err = syncGroupMembership(ctx, transaction, accountID, newGroup.ID, util.Difference(newGroup.Peers, oldGroup.Peers), peersToRemove); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -178,6 +165,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{newGroup.ID}, ChangedPeerIDs: peersToRemove})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -188,19 +177,37 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 		storeEvent()
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("UpdateGroup %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", newGroup.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("UpdateGroup %s: no affected peers", newGroup.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+// syncGroupMembership applies the peer membership delta for a group within a transaction.
+func syncGroupMembership(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID, groupID string, peersToAdd, peersToRemove []string) error {
+	for _, peerID := range peersToAdd {
+		if err := transaction.AddPeerToGroup(ctx, accountID, peerID, groupID); err != nil {
+			return status.Errorf(status.Internal, "failed to add peer %s to group %s: %v", peerID, groupID, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, peerID := range peersToRemove {
+		if err := transaction.RemovePeerFromGroup(ctx, peerID, groupID); err != nil {
+			return status.Errorf(status.Internal, "failed to remove peer %s from group %s: %v", peerID, groupID, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // CreateGroups adds new groups to the account.
 // Note: This function does not acquire the global lock.
 // It is the caller's responsibility to ensure proper locking is in place before invoking this method.
 // This method will not create group peer membership relations. Use AddPeerToGroup or RemovePeerFromGroup methods for that.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, groups []*types.Group) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -209,7 +216,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
 
 	var globalErr error
 	groupIDs := make([]string, 0, len(groups))
@@ -247,17 +253,16 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 		}
 	}
 
-	updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, am.Store, accountID, groupIDs)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	for _, storeEvent := range eventsToStore {
 		storeEvent()
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	affectedPeerIDs := am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, am.Store, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: groupIDs})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateGroups %v: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupIDs, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateGroups %v: no affected peers", groupIDs)
 	}
 
 	return globalErr
@@ -268,7 +273,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 // It is the caller's responsibility to ensure proper locking is in place before invoking this method.
 // This method will not create group peer membership relations. Use AddPeerToGroup or RemovePeerFromGroup methods for that.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, groups []*types.Group) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -277,7 +282,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
 
 	var globalErr error
 	groupIDs := make([]string, 0, len(groups))
@@ -295,17 +299,16 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 		groupIDs = append(groupIDs, newGroup.ID)
 	}
 
-	updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, am.Store, accountID, groupIDs)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	for _, storeEvent := range eventsToStore {
 		storeEvent()
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	affectedPeerIDs := am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, am.Store, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: groupIDs})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("UpdateGroups %v: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupIDs, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("UpdateGroups %v: no affected peers", groupIDs)
 	}
 
 	return globalErr
@@ -427,7 +430,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 // If an error occurs while deleting a group, the function skips it and continues deleting other groups.
 // Errors are collected and returned at the end.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, groupIDs []string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -438,6 +441,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 	var allErrors error
 	var groupIDsToDelete []string
 	var deletedGroups []*types.Group
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	extraSettings, err := am.settingsManager.GetExtraSettings(ctx, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -445,26 +449,17 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 	}
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		for _, groupID := range groupIDs {
-			group, err := transaction.GetGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID, groupID)
-			if err != nil {
-				allErrors = errors.Join(allErrors, err)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			if err = validateDeleteGroup(ctx, transaction, group, userID, extraSettings.FlowGroups); err != nil {
-				allErrors = errors.Join(allErrors, err)
-				continue
-			}
-
-			groupIDsToDelete = append(groupIDsToDelete, groupID)
-			deletedGroups = append(deletedGroups, group)
+		deletedGroups, allErrors = collectDeletableGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, groupIDs, extraSettings.FlowGroups)
+		for _, group := range deletedGroups {
+			groupIDsToDelete = append(groupIDsToDelete, group.ID)
 		}
 
 		if len(groupIDsToDelete) == 0 {
 			return allErrors
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: groupIDsToDelete})
+
 		if err = transaction.DeleteGroups(ctx, accountID, groupIDsToDelete); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -483,20 +478,42 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 		am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, group.ID, accountID, activity.GroupDeleted, group.EventMeta())
 	}
 
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteGroups %v: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupIDsToDelete, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteGroups %v: no affected peers", groupIDsToDelete)
+	}
+
 	return allErrors
 }
 
+// collectDeletableGroups loads and validates each group for deletion, returning
+// the groups that may be deleted and the joined validation errors for the rest.
+func collectDeletableGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID, userID string, groupIDs, flowGroups []string) ([]*types.Group, error) {
+	var deletable []*types.Group
+	var allErrors error
+	for _, groupID := range groupIDs {
+		group, err := transaction.GetGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID, groupID)
+		if err != nil {
+			allErrors = errors.Join(allErrors, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err = validateDeleteGroup(ctx, transaction, group, userID, flowGroups); err != nil {
+			allErrors = errors.Join(allErrors, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		deletable = append(deletable, group)
+	}
+	return deletable, allErrors
+}
+
 // GroupAddPeer appends peer to the group
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, groupID, peerID string) error {
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	var err error
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{groupID})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.AddPeerToGroup(ctx, accountID, peerID, groupID); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -505,14 +522,19 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, gr
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("GroupAddPeer group=%s peer=%s: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupID, peerID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("GroupAddPeer group=%s peer=%s: no affected peers", groupID, peerID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -521,7 +543,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, gr
 // GroupAddResource appends resource to the group
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, groupID string, resource types.Resource) error {
 	var group *types.Group
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	var err error
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
@@ -534,23 +556,23 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddResource(ctx context.Context, accountID
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{groupID})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.UpdateGroup(ctx, group); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("GroupAddResource group=%s resource=%s: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupID, resource.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("GroupAddResource group=%s resource=%s: no affected peers", groupID, resource.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -558,14 +580,12 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupAddResource(ctx context.Context, accountID
 
 // GroupDeletePeer removes peer from the group
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupDeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, groupID, peerID string) error {
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	var err error
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{groupID})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		// Resolve before removing, so the peer being removed is still included
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}})
 
 		if err = transaction.RemovePeerFromGroup(ctx, peerID, groupID); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -581,8 +601,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupDeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("GroupDeletePeer group=%s peer=%s: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupID, peerID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("GroupDeletePeer group=%s peer=%s: no affected peers", groupID, peerID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -591,7 +614,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupDeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 // GroupDeleteResource removes resource from the group
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupDeleteResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, groupID string, resource types.Resource) error {
 	var group *types.Group
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	var err error
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
@@ -604,23 +627,23 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GroupDeleteResource(ctx context.Context, accoun
 			return nil
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{groupID})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.UpdateGroup(ctx, group); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ChangedGroupIDs: []string{groupID}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("GroupDeleteResource group=%s resource=%s: updating %d affected peers: %v", groupID, resource.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("GroupDeleteResource group=%s resource=%s: no affected peers", groupID, resource.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -832,49 +855,103 @@ func isGroupLinkedToNetworkRouter(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store,
 }
 
 // areGroupChangesAffectPeers checks if any changes to the specified groups will affect peers.
+// It fetches each collection once and checks all groupIDs against them in memory.
 func areGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupIDs []string) (bool, error) {
 	if len(groupIDs) == 0 {
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
+	groupSet := make(map[string]struct{}, len(groupIDs))
+	for _, id := range groupIDs {
+		groupSet[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	if affected, err := dnsSettingsReferenceGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupSet); affected || err != nil {
+		return affected, err
+	}
+	if affected, err := nameServersReferenceGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupSet); affected || err != nil {
+		return affected, err
+	}
+	if affected, err := policiesReferenceGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupSet); affected || err != nil {
+		return affected, err
+	}
+	if affected, err := routesReferenceGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupSet); affected || err != nil {
+		return affected, err
+	}
+	if affected, err := networkRoutersReferenceGroups(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupSet); affected || err != nil {
+		return affected, err
+	}
+
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func dnsSettingsReferenceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupSet map[string]struct{}) (bool, error) {
 	dnsSettings, err := transaction.GetAccountDNSSettings(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
-
-	for _, groupID := range groupIDs {
-		if slices.Contains(dnsSettings.DisabledManagementGroups, groupID) {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-		if linked, _ := isGroupLinkedToDns(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupID); linked {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-		if linked, _ := isGroupLinkedToPolicy(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupID); linked {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-		if linked, _ := isGroupLinkedToRoute(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupID); linked {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-		if linked, _ := isGroupLinkedToNetworkRouter(ctx, transaction, accountID, groupID); linked {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false, nil
+	return anyInSet(dnsSettings.DisabledManagementGroups, groupSet), nil
 }
 
-// anyGroupHasPeersOrResources checks if any of the given groups in the account have peers or resources.
-func anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupIDs []string) (bool, error) {
-	groups, err := transaction.GetGroupsByIDs(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID, groupIDs)
+func nameServersReferenceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupSet map[string]struct{}) (bool, error) {
+	nameServerGroups, err := transaction.GetAccountNameServerGroups(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
-
-	for _, group := range groups {
-		if group.HasPeers() || group.HasResources() {
+	for _, ns := range nameServerGroups {
+		if anyInSet(ns.Groups, groupSet) {
 			return true, nil
 		}
 	}
-
 	return false, nil
 }
+
+func policiesReferenceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupSet map[string]struct{}) (bool, error) {
+	policies, err := transaction.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	for _, policy := range policies {
+		for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
+			if anyInSet(rule.Sources, groupSet) || anyInSet(rule.Destinations, groupSet) {
+				return true, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func routesReferenceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupSet map[string]struct{}) (bool, error) {
+	routes, err := transaction.GetAccountRoutes(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	for _, r := range routes {
+		if anyInSet(r.Groups, groupSet) || anyInSet(r.PeerGroups, groupSet) || anyInSet(r.AccessControlGroups, groupSet) {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func networkRoutersReferenceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, groupSet map[string]struct{}) (bool, error) {
+	routers, err := transaction.GetNetworkRoutersByAccountID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	for _, router := range routers {
+		if anyInSet(router.PeerGroups, groupSet) {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func anyInSet(ids []string, set map[string]struct{}) bool {
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if _, ok := set[id]; ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

management/server/groups/manager.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, accou
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.Group, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllGroupsMap(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID str
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) AddResourceToGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, groupID string, resource *types.Resource) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Groups, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

management/server/http/handler.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/rs/cors"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/domain/manager"
 
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	reverseproxymanager "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service/manager"
 
 	nbgrpc "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/shared/grpc"
+	idpmanager "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/idp"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/controllers/network_map"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/zones"
@@ -32,6 +34,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/handlers/proxy"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/auth"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/geolocation"
 	nbgroups "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/groups"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/handlers/accounts"
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/handlers/routes"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/handlers/setup_keys"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/handlers/users"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/middleware"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/middleware/bypass"
 	nbinstance "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/instance"
 	nbnetworks "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks"
@@ -55,7 +59,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // NewAPIHandler creates the Management service HTTP API handler registering all the available endpoints.
-func NewAPIHandler(ctx context.Context, router *mux.Router, accountManager account.Manager, networksManager nbnetworks.Manager, resourceManager resources.Manager, routerManager routers.Manager, groupsManager nbgroups.Manager, LocationManager geolocation.Geolocation, appMetrics telemetry.AppMetrics, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, settingsManager settings.Manager, zManager zones.Manager, rManager records.Manager, networkMapController network_map.Controller, instanceManager nbinstance.Manager, serviceManager service.Manager, reverseProxyDomainManager *manager.Manager, reverseProxyAccessLogsManager accesslogs.Manager, proxyGRPCServer *nbgrpc.ProxyServiceServer, trustedHTTPProxies []netip.Prefix, authMiddleware mux.MiddlewareFunc) (http.Handler, error) {
+func NewAPIHandler(ctx context.Context, router *mux.Router, accountManager account.Manager, networksManager nbnetworks.Manager, resourceManager resources.Manager, routerManager routers.Manager, groupsManager nbgroups.Manager, LocationManager geolocation.Geolocation, authManager auth.Manager, appMetrics telemetry.AppMetrics, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, settingsManager settings.Manager, zManager zones.Manager, rManager records.Manager, networkMapController network_map.Controller, idpManager idpmanager.Manager, serviceManager service.Manager, reverseProxyDomainManager *manager.Manager, reverseProxyAccessLogsManager accesslogs.Manager, proxyGRPCServer *nbgrpc.ProxyServiceServer, trustedHTTPProxies []netip.Prefix, rateLimiter *middleware.APIRateLimiter, isValidChildAccount middleware.IsValidChildAccountFunc) (http.Handler, error) {
 
 	// Register bypass paths for unauthenticated endpoints
 	if err := bypass.AddBypassPath("/api/instance"); err != nil {
@@ -76,11 +80,32 @@ func NewAPIHandler(ctx context.Context, router *mux.Router, accountManager accou
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to add bypass path: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if rateLimiter == nil {
+		log.Warn("NewAPIHandler: nil rate limiter, rate limiting disabled")
+		rateLimiter = middleware.NewAPIRateLimiter(nil)
+		rateLimiter.SetEnabled(false)
+	}
+
+	authMiddleware := middleware.NewAuthMiddleware(
+		authManager,
+		accountManager.GetAccountIDFromUserAuth,
+		accountManager.SyncUserJWTGroups,
+		accountManager.GetUserFromUserAuth,
+		rateLimiter,
+		appMetrics.GetMeter(),
+		isValidChildAccount,
+	)
+
 	corsMiddleware := cors.AllowAll()
 
 	metricsMiddleware := appMetrics.HTTPMiddleware()
 
-	router.Use(metricsMiddleware.Handler, corsMiddleware.Handler, authMiddleware)
+	router.Use(metricsMiddleware.Handler, corsMiddleware.Handler, authMiddleware.Handler)
+
+	instanceManager, err := nbinstance.NewManager(ctx, accountManager.GetStore(), idpManager)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create instance manager: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	accounts.AddEndpoints(accountManager, settingsManager, router)
 	peers.AddEndpoints(accountManager, router, networkMapController, permissionsManager)

management/server/http/handlers/peers/peers_handler.go

@@ -405,48 +405,48 @@ func (h *Handler) GetAccessiblePeers(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := h.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(r.Context(), accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
-		util.WriteError(r.Context(), status.NewPermissionValidationError(err), w)
+		util.WriteError(ctx, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err), w)
 		return
 	}
 
-	account, err := h.accountManager.GetAccountByID(r.Context(), accountID, activity.SystemInitiator)
+	account, err := h.accountManager.GetAccountByID(ctx, accountID, activity.SystemInitiator)
 	if err != nil {
-		util.WriteError(r.Context(), err, w)
+		util.WriteError(ctx, err, w)
 		return
 	}
 
 	if !allowed && !userAuth.IsChild {
 		if account.Settings.RegularUsersViewBlocked {
-			util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, []api.AccessiblePeer{})
+			util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, []api.AccessiblePeer{})
 			return
 		}
 
 		peer, ok := account.Peers[peerID]
 		if !ok {
-			util.WriteError(r.Context(), status.Errorf(status.NotFound, "peer not found"), w)
+			util.WriteError(ctx, status.Errorf(status.NotFound, "peer not found"), w)
 			return
 		}
 
 		if peer.UserID != user.Id {
-			util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, []api.AccessiblePeer{})
+			util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, []api.AccessiblePeer{})
 			return
 		}
 	}
 
-	validPeers, _, err := h.accountManager.GetValidatedPeers(r.Context(), accountID)
+	validPeers, _, err := h.accountManager.GetValidatedPeers(ctx, accountID)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.WithContext(r.Context()).Errorf("failed to list approved peers: %v", err)
-		util.WriteError(r.Context(), fmt.Errorf("internal error"), w)
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to list approved peers: %v", err)
+		util.WriteError(ctx, fmt.Errorf("internal error"), w)
 		return
 	}
 
 	dnsDomain := h.networkMapController.GetDNSDomain(account.Settings)
 
-	netMap := account.GetPeerNetworkMapFromComponents(r.Context(), peerID, dns.CustomZone{}, nil, validPeers, account.GetResourcePoliciesMap(), account.GetResourceRoutersMap(), nil, account.GetActiveGroupUsers())
+	netMap := account.GetPeerNetworkMapFromComponents(ctx, peerID, dns.CustomZone{}, nil, validPeers, account.GetResourcePoliciesMap(), account.GetResourceRoutersMap(), nil, account.GetActiveGroupUsers())
 
-	util.WriteJSONObject(r.Context(), w, toAccessiblePeers(netMap, dnsDomain))
+	util.WriteJSONObject(ctx, w, toAccessiblePeers(netMap, dnsDomain))
 }
 
 func (h *Handler) CreateTemporaryAccess(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {

management/server/http/handlers/peers/peers_handler_test.go

@@ -116,15 +116,15 @@ func initTestMetaData(t *testing.T, peers ...*nbpeer.Peer) *Handler {
 
 	ctrl2 := gomock.NewController(t)
 	permissionsManager := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl2)
-	permissionsManager.EXPECT().ValidateAccountAccess(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).AnyTimes()
+	permissionsManager.EXPECT().ValidateAccountAccess(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).Return(context.Background(), nil).AnyTimes()
 	permissionsManager.EXPECT().
 		ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Eq(modules.Peers), gomock.Eq(operations.Read)).
-		DoAndReturn(func(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, error) {
+		DoAndReturn(func(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, context.Context, error) {
 			user, ok := account.Users[userID]
 			if !ok {
-				return false, fmt.Errorf("user not found")
+				return false, ctx, fmt.Errorf("user not found")
 			}
-			return user.HasAdminPower() || user.IsServiceUser, nil
+			return user.HasAdminPower() || user.IsServiceUser, ctx, nil
 		}).
 		AnyTimes()
 

management/server/http/handlers/policies/geolocation_handler_test.go

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func initGeolocationTestData(t *testing.T) *geolocationsHandler {
 	permissionsManagerMock.
 		EXPECT().
 		ValidateUserPermissions(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), modules.Policies, operations.Read).
-		Return(true, nil).
+		Return(true, context.Background(), nil).
 		AnyTimes()
 
 	return &geolocationsHandler{

management/server/http/middleware/auth_middleware.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric"
 
@@ -26,8 +25,7 @@ type SyncUserJWTGroupsFunc func(ctx context.Context, userAuth auth.UserAuth) err
 
 type GetUserFromUserAuthFunc func(ctx context.Context, userAuth auth.UserAuth) (*types.User, error)
 
-// jwtTokenCtxKey carries the parsed JWT token.
-type jwtTokenCtxKey struct{}
+type IsValidChildAccountFunc func(ctx context.Context, userID, accountID, childAccountID string) bool
 
 // AuthMiddleware middleware to verify personal access tokens (PAT) and JWT tokens
 type AuthMiddleware struct {
@@ -37,6 +35,7 @@ type AuthMiddleware struct {
 	syncUserJWTGroups   SyncUserJWTGroupsFunc
 	rateLimiter         *APIRateLimiter
 	patUsageTracker     *PATUsageTracker
+	isValidChildAccount IsValidChildAccountFunc
 }
 
 // NewAuthMiddleware instance constructor
@@ -47,6 +46,7 @@ func NewAuthMiddleware(
 	getUserFromUserAuth GetUserFromUserAuthFunc,
 	rateLimiter *APIRateLimiter,
 	meter metric.Meter,
+	isValidChildAccount IsValidChildAccountFunc,
 ) *AuthMiddleware {
 	var patUsageTracker *PATUsageTracker
 	if meter != nil {
@@ -64,18 +64,12 @@ func NewAuthMiddleware(
 		getUserFromUserAuth: getUserFromUserAuth,
 		rateLimiter:         rateLimiter,
 		patUsageTracker:     patUsageTracker,
+		isValidChildAccount: isValidChildAccount,
 	}
 }
 
-// Handler composes the full authentication chain by wrapping the given
-// handler with ValidationHandler followed by AccountAccessHandler.
+// Handler method of the middleware which authenticates a user either by JWT claims or by PAT
 func (m *AuthMiddleware) Handler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return m.ValidationHandler(m.AccountAccessHandler(h))
-}
-
-// ValidationHandler authenticates the caller via JWT or PAT and stores the
-// resulting UserAuth in the request context. It performs no account-level work.
-func (m *AuthMiddleware) ValidationHandler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		if bypass.ShouldBypass(r.URL.Path, h, w, r) {
 			return
@@ -92,14 +86,14 @@ func (m *AuthMiddleware) ValidationHandler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
 
 		switch authType {
 		case "bearer":
-			if err := m.validateJWT(r, authHeader); err != nil {
+			if err := m.checkJWTFromRequest(r, authHeader); err != nil {
 				log.WithContext(r.Context()).Errorf("Error when validating JWT: %s", err.Error())
 				util.WriteError(r.Context(), status.Errorf(status.Unauthorized, "token invalid"), w)
 				return
 			}
 			h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 		case "token":
-			if err := m.validatePAT(r, authHeader); err != nil {
+			if err := m.checkPATFromRequest(r, authHeader); err != nil {
 				log.WithContext(r.Context()).Debugf("Error when validating PAT: %s", err.Error())
 				// Check if it's a status error, otherwise default to Unauthorized
 				if _, ok := status.FromError(err); !ok {
@@ -116,55 +110,66 @@ func (m *AuthMiddleware) ValidationHandler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
 	})
 }
 
-// AccountAccessHandler runs post-validation access checks for JWT-authenticated
-// requests. PAT requests pass through unchanged.
-func (m *AuthMiddleware) AccountAccessHandler(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
-	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		if bypass.ShouldBypass(r.URL.Path, h, w, r) {
-			return
-		}
-
-		userAuth, err := nbcontext.GetUserAuthFromRequest(r)
-		if err != nil {
-			util.WriteError(r.Context(), status.Errorf(status.Unauthorized, "no valid authentication provided"), w)
-			return
-		}
-
-		if userAuth.IsPAT {
-			h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-			return
-		}
-
-		validatedToken, _ := r.Context().Value(jwtTokenCtxKey{}).(*jwt.Token)
-
-		if err := m.applyAccountAccess(r, userAuth, validatedToken); err != nil {
-			log.WithContext(r.Context()).Errorf("Error applying JWT account access: %s", err.Error())
-			util.WriteError(r.Context(), status.Errorf(status.Unauthorized, "token invalid"), w)
-			return
-		}
-
-		h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	})
-}
-
-func (m *AuthMiddleware) validateJWT(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string) error {
+// CheckJWTFromRequest checks if the JWT is valid
+func (m *AuthMiddleware) checkJWTFromRequest(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string) error {
 	token, err := getTokenFromJWTRequest(authHeaderParts)
+
+	// If an error occurs, call the error handler and return an error
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error extracting token: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	userAuth, validatedToken, err := m.authManager.ValidateAndParseToken(r.Context(), token)
+	ctx := r.Context()
+
+	userAuth, validatedToken, err := m.authManager.ValidateAndParseToken(ctx, token)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	if impersonate, ok := r.URL.Query()["account"]; ok && len(impersonate) == 1 {
+		if m.isValidChildAccount(ctx, userAuth.UserId, userAuth.AccountId, impersonate[0]) {
+			userAuth.AccountId = impersonate[0]
+			userAuth.IsChild = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Email is now extracted in ToUserAuth (from claims or userinfo endpoint)
+	// Available as userAuth.Email
+
+	// we need to call this method because if user is new, we will automatically add it to existing or create a new account
+	accountId, _, err := m.ensureAccount(ctx, userAuth)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if userAuth.AccountId != accountId {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("Auth middleware sets accountId from ensure, before %s, now %s", userAuth.AccountId, accountId)
+		userAuth.AccountId = accountId
+	}
+
+	userAuth, err = m.authManager.EnsureUserAccessByJWTGroups(ctx, userAuth, validatedToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = m.syncUserJWTGroups(ctx, userAuth)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("HTTP server failed to sync user JWT groups: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	_, err = m.getUserFromUserAuth(ctx, userAuth)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("HTTP server failed to update user from user auth: %s", err)
+		return err
+	}
+
 	// propagates ctx change to upstream middleware
 	*r = *nbcontext.SetUserAuthInRequest(r, userAuth)
-	*r = *r.WithContext(context.WithValue(r.Context(), jwtTokenCtxKey{}, validatedToken))
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m *AuthMiddleware) validatePAT(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string) error {
+// CheckPATFromRequest checks if the PAT is valid
+func (m *AuthMiddleware) checkPATFromRequest(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string) error {
 	token, err := getTokenFromPATRequest(authHeaderParts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error extracting token: %w", err)
@@ -187,7 +192,8 @@ func (m *AuthMiddleware) validatePAT(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string)
 		return fmt.Errorf("token expired")
 	}
 
-	if err := m.authManager.MarkPATUsed(ctx, pat.ID); err != nil {
+	err = m.authManager.MarkPATUsed(ctx, pat.ID)
+	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
@@ -199,40 +205,11 @@ func (m *AuthMiddleware) validatePAT(r *http.Request, authHeaderParts []string)
 		IsPAT:          true,
 	}
 
-	// propagates ctx change to upstream middleware
-	*r = *nbcontext.SetUserAuthInRequest(r, userAuth)
-	return nil
-}
-
-// applyAccountAccess executes account-level checks for an authenticated JWT
-// user: ensures the account exists, verifies access via JWT groups, syncs
-// groups, and fetches the user record.
-func (m *AuthMiddleware) applyAccountAccess(r *http.Request, userAuth auth.UserAuth, validatedToken *jwt.Token) error {
-	ctx := r.Context()
-
-	// we need to call this method because if user is new, we will automatically add it to existing or create a new account
-	accountId, _, err := m.ensureAccount(ctx, userAuth)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if userAuth.AccountId != accountId {
-		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("Auth middleware sets accountId from ensure, before %s, now %s", userAuth.AccountId, accountId)
-		userAuth.AccountId = accountId
-	}
-
-	userAuth, err = m.authManager.EnsureUserAccessByJWTGroups(ctx, userAuth, validatedToken)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if err := m.syncUserJWTGroups(ctx, userAuth); err != nil {
-		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("HTTP server failed to sync user JWT groups: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if _, err := m.getUserFromUserAuth(ctx, userAuth); err != nil {
-		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("HTTP server failed to update user from user auth: %s", err)
-		return err
+	if impersonate, ok := r.URL.Query()["account"]; ok && len(impersonate) == 1 {
+		if m.isValidChildAccount(r.Context(), userAuth.UserId, userAuth.AccountId, impersonate[0]) {
+			userAuth.AccountId = impersonate[0]
+			userAuth.IsChild = true
+		}
 	}
 
 	// propagates ctx change to upstream middleware

management/server/http/middleware/auth_middleware_test.go

@@ -211,6 +211,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_Handler(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		disabledLimiter,
 		nil,
+		func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 	)
 
 	handlerToTest := authMiddleware.Handler(nextHandler)
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -322,6 +324,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -365,6 +368,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -409,6 +413,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -473,6 +478,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -532,6 +538,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -587,6 +594,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_RateLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			NewAPIRateLimiter(rateLimitConfig),
 			nil,
+			func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 		)
 
 		handler := authMiddleware.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
@@ -687,6 +695,7 @@ func TestAuthMiddleware_Handler_Child(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		disabledLimiter,
 		nil,
+		func(_ context.Context, _, _, _ string) bool { return false },
 	)
 
 	for _, tc := range tt {

management/server/http/testing/testing_tools/channel/channel.go

@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/geolocation"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/groups"
 	http2 "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/middleware"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/http/testing/testing_tools"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources"
@@ -137,12 +136,8 @@ func BuildApiBlackBoxWithDBState(t testing_tools.TB, sqlFile string, expectedPee
 	customZonesManager := zonesManager.NewManager(store, am, permissionsManager, "")
 	zoneRecordsManager := recordsManager.NewManager(store, am, permissionsManager)
 
-	rateLimiter := middleware.NewAPIRateLimiter(nil)
-	rateLimiter.SetEnabled(false)
-	authMiddleware := middleware.NewAuthMiddleware(authManagerMock, am.GetAccountIDFromUserAuth, am.SyncUserJWTGroups, am.GetUserFromUserAuth, rateLimiter, metrics.GetMeter())
-
 	apiRouter := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix("/api").Subrouter()
-	apiHandler, err := http2.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), apiRouter, am, networksManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, groupsManager, geoMock, metrics, permissionsManager, settingsManager, customZonesManager, zoneRecordsManager, networkMapController, nil, serviceManager, nil, nil, nil, nil, authMiddleware.Handler)
+	apiHandler, err := http2.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), apiRouter, am, networksManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, groupsManager, geoMock, authManagerMock, metrics, permissionsManager, settingsManager, customZonesManager, zoneRecordsManager, networkMapController, nil, serviceManager, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create API handler: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -271,12 +266,8 @@ func BuildApiBlackBoxWithDBStateAndPeerChannel(t testing_tools.TB, sqlFile strin
 	customZonesManager := zonesManager.NewManager(store, am, permissionsManager, "")
 	zoneRecordsManager := recordsManager.NewManager(store, am, permissionsManager)
 
-	rateLimiter := middleware.NewAPIRateLimiter(nil)
-	rateLimiter.SetEnabled(false)
-	authMiddleware := middleware.NewAuthMiddleware(authManagerMock, am.GetAccountIDFromUserAuth, am.SyncUserJWTGroups, am.GetUserFromUserAuth, rateLimiter, metrics.GetMeter())
-
 	apiRouter := mux.NewRouter().PathPrefix("/api").Subrouter()
-	apiHandler, err := http2.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), apiRouter, am, networksManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, groupsManager, geoMock, metrics, permissionsManager, settingsManager, customZonesManager, zoneRecordsManager, networkMapController, nil, serviceManager, nil, nil, nil, nil, authMiddleware.Handler)
+	apiHandler, err := http2.NewAPIHandler(context.Background(), apiRouter, am, networksManager, resourcesManager, routersManager, groupsManager, geoMock, authManagerMock, metrics, permissionsManager, settingsManager, customZonesManager, zoneRecordsManager, networkMapController, nil, serviceManager, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create API handler: %v", err)
 	}

management/server/identity_provider.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func validateIdentityProviderConfig(ctx context.Context, idpConfig *types.Identi
 
 // GetIdentityProviders returns all identity providers for an account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetIdentityProviders(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.IdentityProvider, error) {
-	ok, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetIdentityProviders(ctx context.Context, accou
 
 // GetIdentityProvider returns a specific identity provider by ID
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, accountID, idpID, userID string) (*types.IdentityProvider, error) {
-	ok, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, accoun
 
 // CreateIdentityProvider creates a new identity provider
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, idpConfig *types.IdentityProvider) (*types.IdentityProvider, error) {
-	ok, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, acc
 
 // UpdateIdentityProvider updates an existing identity provider
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, accountID, idpID, userID string, idpConfig *types.IdentityProvider) (*types.IdentityProvider, error) {
-	ok, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, acc
 
 // DeleteIdentityProvider deletes an identity provider
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteIdentityProvider(ctx context.Context, accountID, idpID, userID string) error {
-	ok, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.IdentityProviders, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}

management/server/mock_server/account_mock.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/account"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/idp"
 	nbpeer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ type MockAccountManager struct {
 	GetPeerFunc                           func(ctx context.Context, accountID, peerID, userID string) (*nbpeer.Peer, error)
 	UpdateAccountSettingsFunc             func(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, newSettings *types.Settings) (*types.Settings, error)
 	LoginPeerFunc                         func(ctx context.Context, login types.PeerLogin) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, error)
+	ExtendPeerSessionFunc                 func(ctx context.Context, peerPubKey, userID string) (time.Time, error)
 	SyncPeerFunc                          func(ctx context.Context, sync types.PeerSync, accountID string) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, int64, error)
 	InviteUserFunc                        func(ctx context.Context, accountID string, initiatorUserID string, targetUserEmail string) error
 	ApproveUserFunc                       func(ctx context.Context, accountID, initiatorUserID, targetUserID string) (*types.UserInfo, error)
@@ -131,6 +133,9 @@ type MockAccountManager struct {
 
 	AllowSyncFunc                  func(string, uint64) bool
 	UpdateAccountPeersFunc         func(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason)
+	UpdateAffectedPeersFunc        func(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string)
+	BufferUpdateAffectedPeersFunc  func(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason)
+	ResolveAffectedPeersFunc       func(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, change affectedpeers.Change) []string
 	BufferUpdateAccountPeersFunc   func(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason)
 	RecalculateNetworkMapCacheFunc func(ctx context.Context, accountId string) error
 
@@ -208,6 +213,25 @@ func (am *MockAccountManager) UpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID
 	}
 }
 
+func (am *MockAccountManager) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) {
+	if am.UpdateAffectedPeersFunc != nil {
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeersFunc(ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+	}
+}
+
+func (am *MockAccountManager) ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, change affectedpeers.Change) []string {
+	if am.ResolveAffectedPeersFunc != nil {
+		return am.ResolveAffectedPeersFunc(ctx, s, accountID, change)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (am *MockAccountManager) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) {
+	if am.BufferUpdateAffectedPeersFunc != nil {
+		am.BufferUpdateAffectedPeersFunc(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+	}
+}
+
 func (am *MockAccountManager) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) {
 	if am.BufferUpdateAccountPeersFunc != nil {
 		am.BufferUpdateAccountPeersFunc(ctx, accountID, reason)
@@ -860,6 +884,14 @@ func (am *MockAccountManager) LoginPeer(ctx context.Context, login types.PeerLog
 	return nil, nil, nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method LoginPeer is not implemented")
 }
 
+// ExtendPeerSession mocks ExtendPeerSession of the AccountManager interface
+func (am *MockAccountManager) ExtendPeerSession(ctx context.Context, peerPubKey, userID string) (time.Time, error) {
+	if am.ExtendPeerSessionFunc != nil {
+		return am.ExtendPeerSessionFunc(ctx, peerPubKey, userID)
+	}
+	return time.Time{}, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method ExtendPeerSession is not implemented")
+}
+
 // SyncPeer mocks SyncPeer of the AccountManager interface
 func (am *MockAccountManager) SyncPeer(ctx context.Context, sync types.PeerSync, accountID string) (*nbpeer.Peer, *types.NetworkMap, []*posture.Checks, int64, error) {
 	if am.SyncPeerFunc != nil {

management/server/nameserver.go

@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ var errInvalidDomainName = errors.New("invalid domain name")
 
 // GetNameServerGroup gets a nameserver group object from account and nameserver group IDs
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, nsGroupID string) (*nbdns.NameServerGroup, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, account
 
 // CreateNameServerGroup creates and saves a new nameserver group
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID string, name, description string, nameServerList []nbdns.NameServer, groups []string, primary bool, domains []string, enabled bool, userID string, searchDomainEnabled bool) (*nbdns.NameServerGroup, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -57,22 +59,19 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 		SearchDomainsEnabled: searchDomainEnabled,
 	}
 
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validateNameServerGroup(ctx, transaction, accountID, newNSGroup); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, accountID, newNSGroup.Groups)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.SaveNameServerGroup(ctx, newNSGroup); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.resolvePeerIDs(ctx, transaction, accountID, newNSGroup.Groups, nil)
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -81,8 +80,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, newNSGroup.ID, accountID, activity.NameserverGroupCreated, newNSGroup.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceNameServerGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateNameServerGroup %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", newNSGroup.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateNameServerGroup %s: no affected peers", newNSGroup.ID)
 	}
 
 	return newNSGroup.Copy(), nil
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accoun
 		return status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "nameserver group provided is nil")
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accoun
 		return status.NewPermissionDeniedError()
 	}
 
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		oldNSGroup, err := transaction.GetNameServerGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID, nsGroupToSave.ID)
@@ -115,15 +117,13 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accoun
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areNameServerGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, nsGroupToSave, oldNSGroup)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.SaveNameServerGroup(ctx, nsGroupToSave); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		allGroups := slices.Concat(nsGroupToSave.Groups, oldNSGroup.Groups)
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.resolvePeerIDs(ctx, transaction, accountID, allGroups, nil)
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -132,8 +132,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accoun
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, nsGroupToSave.ID, accountID, activity.NameserverGroupUpdated, nsGroupToSave.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceNameServerGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("SaveNameServerGroup %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", nsGroupToSave.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SaveNameServerGroup %s: no affected peers", nsGroupToSave.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accoun
 
 // DeleteNameServerGroup deletes nameserver group with nsGroupID
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, accountID, nsGroupID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 	}
 
 	var nsGroup *nbdns.NameServerGroup
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		nsGroup, err = transaction.GetNameServerGroupByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, nsGroupID)
@@ -158,10 +161,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, accountID, nsGroup.Groups)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.resolvePeerIDs(ctx, transaction, accountID, nsGroup.Groups, nil)
 
 		if err = transaction.DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx, accountID, nsGroupID); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -175,8 +175,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, nsGroup.ID, accountID, activity.NameserverGroupDeleted, nsGroup.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceNameServerGroup, Operation: types.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteNameServerGroup %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", nsGroupID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteNameServerGroup %s: no affected peers", nsGroupID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, acco
 
 // ListNameServerGroups returns a list of nameserver groups from account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListNameServerGroups(ctx context.Context, accountID string, userID string) ([]*nbdns.NameServerGroup, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Nameservers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -224,24 +227,6 @@ func validateNameServerGroup(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accou
 	return validateGroups(nameserverGroup.Groups, groups)
 }
 
-// areNameServerGroupChangesAffectPeers checks if the changes in the nameserver group affect the peers.
-func areNameServerGroupChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, newNSGroup, oldNSGroup *nbdns.NameServerGroup) (bool, error) {
-	if !newNSGroup.Enabled && !oldNSGroup.Enabled {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-
-	hasPeers, err := anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, newNSGroup.AccountID, newNSGroup.Groups)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
-	}
-
-	if hasPeers {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	return anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, oldNSGroup.AccountID, oldNSGroup.Groups)
-}
-
 func validateDomainInput(primary bool, domains []string, searchDomainsEnabled bool) error {
 	if !primary && len(domains) == 0 {
 		return status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "nameserver group primary status is false and domains are empty,"+

management/server/networks/manager.go

@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/account"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/types"
@@ -15,7 +17,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
-	serverTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/status"
 )
 
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, resou
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllNetworks(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.Network, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllNetworks(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID stri
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) CreateNetwork(ctx context.Context, userID string, network *types.Network) (*types.Network, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, network.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, network.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateNetwork(ctx context.Context, userID string, network
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID string) (*types.Network, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, network
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) UpdateNetwork(ctx context.Context, userID string, network *types.Network) (*types.Network, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, network.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, network.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateNetwork(ctx context.Context, userID string, network
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) DeleteNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -127,7 +128,10 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, netw
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
+		affectedPeerIDs = m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: []string{networkID}})
+
 		resources, err := transaction.GetNetworkResourcesByNetID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, networkID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get resources in network: %w", err)
@@ -141,12 +145,12 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, netw
 			eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, event...)
 		}
 
-		routers, err := transaction.GetNetworkRoutersByNetID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, networkID)
+		netRouters, err := transaction.GetNetworkRoutersByNetID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, networkID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get routers in network: %w", err)
 		}
 
-		for _, router := range routers {
+		for _, router := range netRouters {
 			event, err := m.routersManager.DeleteRouterInTransaction(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, networkID, router.ID)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete router: %w", err)
@@ -178,7 +182,12 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, netw
 		event()
 	}
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, serverTypes.UpdateReason{Resource: serverTypes.UpdateResourceNetwork, Operation: serverTypes.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteNetwork %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", networkID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteNetwork %s: no affected peers", networkID)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

management/server/networks/resources/manager.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/internals/modules/reverseproxy/service"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/account"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/groups"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/resources/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions"
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, group
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourcesInNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID string) ([]*types.NetworkResource, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourcesInNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, u
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourcesInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.NetworkResource, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -78,7 +79,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourcesInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, u
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourceIDsInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) (map[string][]string, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllResourceIDsInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) CreateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resource *types.NetworkResource) (*types.NetworkResource, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, resource.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, resource.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -114,45 +115,11 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 	}
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		_, err = transaction.GetNetworkResourceByName(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, resource.AccountID, resource.Name)
-		if err == nil {
-			return status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "resource with name %s already exists", resource.Name)
-		}
-
-		network, err := transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, resource.AccountID, resource.NetworkID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get network: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		err = transaction.SaveNetworkResource(ctx, resource)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to save network resource: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		event := func() {
-			m.accountManager.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, resource.ID, resource.AccountID, activity.NetworkResourceCreated, resource.EventMeta(network))
-		}
-		eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, event)
-
-		res := nbtypes.Resource{
-			ID:   resource.ID,
-			Type: nbtypes.ResourceType(resource.Type.String()),
-		}
-		for _, groupID := range resource.GroupIDs {
-			event, err := m.groupsManager.AddResourceToGroupInTransaction(ctx, transaction, resource.AccountID, userID, groupID, &res)
-			if err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to add resource to group: %w", err)
-			}
-			eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, event)
-		}
-
-		err = transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, resource.AccountID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		return nil
+		var txErr error
+		eventsToStore, affectedPeerIDs, txErr = m.createResourceInTransaction(ctx, transaction, userID, resource)
+		return txErr
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create network resource: %w", err)
@@ -162,13 +129,59 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 		event()
 	}
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, resource.AccountID, nbtypes.UpdateReason{Resource: nbtypes.UpdateResourceNetworkResource, Operation: nbtypes.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateResource %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", resource.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, resource.AccountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateResource %s: no affected peers", resource.ID)
+	}
 
 	return resource, nil
 }
 
+func (m *managerImpl) createResourceInTransaction(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, userID string, resource *types.NetworkResource) ([]func(), []string, error) {
+	_, err := transaction.GetNetworkResourceByName(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, resource.AccountID, resource.Name)
+	if err == nil {
+		return nil, nil, status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "resource with name %s already exists", resource.Name)
+	}
+
+	network, err := transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, resource.AccountID, resource.NetworkID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get network: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = transaction.SaveNetworkResource(ctx, resource); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to save network resource: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var eventsToStore []func()
+	eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, func() {
+		m.accountManager.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, resource.ID, resource.AccountID, activity.NetworkResourceCreated, resource.EventMeta(network))
+	})
+
+	res := nbtypes.Resource{
+		ID:   resource.ID,
+		Type: nbtypes.ResourceType(resource.Type.String()),
+	}
+	for _, groupID := range resource.GroupIDs {
+		event, err := m.groupsManager.AddResourceToGroupInTransaction(ctx, transaction, resource.AccountID, userID, groupID, &res)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to add resource to group: %w", err)
+		}
+		eventsToStore = append(eventsToStore, event)
+	}
+
+	if err = transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, resource.AccountID); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	affectedPeerIDs := m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, resource.AccountID, affectedpeers.Change{ResourceIDs: []string{resource.ID}})
+
+	return eventsToStore, affectedPeerIDs, nil
+}
+
 func (m *managerImpl) GetResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID, resourceID string) (*types.NetworkResource, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -189,7 +202,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networ
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) UpdateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resource *types.NetworkResource) (*types.NetworkResource, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, resource.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, resource.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -207,6 +220,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 	resource.Prefix = prefix
 
 	var eventsToStore []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		network, err := transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, resource.AccountID, resource.NetworkID)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -232,6 +246,15 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get network resource: %w", err)
 		}
 
+		oldGroups, err := m.groupsManager.GetResourceGroupsInTransaction(ctx, transaction, store.LockingStrengthNone, resource.AccountID, resource.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get old resource groups: %w", err)
+		}
+		var oldGroupIDs []string
+		for _, g := range oldGroups {
+			oldGroupIDs = append(oldGroupIDs, g.ID)
+		}
+
 		err = transaction.SaveNetworkResource(ctx, resource)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to save network resource: %w", err)
@@ -247,6 +270,13 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 			m.accountManager.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, resource.ID, resource.AccountID, activity.NetworkResourceUpdated, resource.EventMeta(network))
 		})
 
+		// Pass both old and new resource group IDs so policies that targeted the
+		// resource via a now-detached group still refresh their source peers.
+		affectedPeerIDs = m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, resource.AccountID, affectedpeers.Change{
+			ResourceIDs:     []string{resource.ID},
+			ChangedGroupIDs: append(oldGroupIDs, resource.GroupIDs...),
+		})
+
 		err = transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, resource.AccountID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
@@ -270,7 +300,12 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateResource(ctx context.Context, userID string, resourc
 		}
 	}()
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, resource.AccountID, nbtypes.UpdateReason{Resource: nbtypes.UpdateResourceNetworkResource, Operation: nbtypes.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("UpdateResource %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", resource.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, resource.AccountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("UpdateResource %s: no affected peers", resource.ID)
+	}
 
 	return resource, nil
 }
@@ -314,7 +349,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) updateResourceGroups(ctx context.Context, transaction stor
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) DeleteResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID, resourceID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -331,7 +366,10 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, net
 	}
 
 	var events []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
+		affectedPeerIDs = m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{ResourceIDs: []string{resourceID}})
+
 		events, err = m.DeleteResourceInTransaction(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, networkID, resourceID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete resource: %w", err)
@@ -352,7 +390,12 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteResource(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, net
 		event()
 	}
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, nbtypes.UpdateReason{Resource: nbtypes.UpdateResourceNetworkResource, Operation: nbtypes.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteResource %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", resourceID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteResource %s: no affected peers", resourceID)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

management/server/networks/routers/manager.go

@@ -6,16 +6,17 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/account"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/routers/types"
 	networkTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/networks/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
-	serverTypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/status"
 )
 
@@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ func NewManager(store store.Store, permissionsManager permissions.Manager, accou
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRoutersInNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID string) ([]*types.NetworkRouter, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRoutersInNetwork(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRoutersInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) (map[string][]*types.NetworkRouter, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetAllRoutersInAccount(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) CreateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *types.NetworkRouter) (*types.NetworkRouter, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, router.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, router.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -90,6 +91,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *t
 	}
 
 	var network *networkTypes.Network
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		network, err = transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, router.AccountID, router.NetworkID)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -112,6 +114,8 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *t
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, router.AccountID, affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: []string{router.NetworkID}})
+
 		return nil
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -120,13 +124,18 @@ func (m *managerImpl) CreateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *t
 
 	m.accountManager.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, router.ID, router.AccountID, activity.NetworkRouterCreated, router.EventMeta(network))
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, router.AccountID, serverTypes.UpdateReason{Resource: serverTypes.UpdateResourceNetworkRouter, Operation: serverTypes.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateRouter %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", router.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, router.AccountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateRouter %s: no affected peers", router.ID)
+	}
 
 	return router, nil
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetRouter(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID, routerID string) (*types.NetworkRouter, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -147,7 +156,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetRouter(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkI
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) UpdateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *types.NetworkRouter) (*types.NetworkRouter, error) {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, router.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, router.AccountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -156,36 +165,11 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *t
 	}
 
 	var network *networkTypes.Network
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		network, err = transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, router.AccountID, router.NetworkID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get network: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		existing, err := transaction.GetNetworkRouterByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, router.AccountID, router.ID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to get network router: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		if existing.AccountID != router.AccountID {
-			return status.NewNetworkRouterNotFoundError(router.ID)
-		}
-
-		if existing.NetworkID != router.NetworkID {
-			return status.NewRouterNotPartOfNetworkError(router.ID, router.NetworkID)
-		}
-
-		err = transaction.UpdateNetworkRouter(ctx, router)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to update network router: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		err = transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, router.AccountID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		return nil
+		var txErr error
+		network, affectedPeerIDs, txErr = m.updateRouterInTransaction(ctx, transaction, router)
+		return txErr
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -193,13 +177,78 @@ func (m *managerImpl) UpdateRouter(ctx context.Context, userID string, router *t
 
 	m.accountManager.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, router.ID, router.AccountID, activity.NetworkRouterUpdated, router.EventMeta(network))
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, router.AccountID, serverTypes.UpdateReason{Resource: serverTypes.UpdateResourceNetworkRouter, Operation: serverTypes.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("UpdateRouter %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", router.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, router.AccountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("UpdateRouter %s: no affected peers", router.ID)
+	}
 
 	return router, nil
 }
 
+func (m *managerImpl) updateRouterInTransaction(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, router *types.NetworkRouter) (*networkTypes.Network, []string, error) {
+	network, err := transaction.GetNetworkByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, router.AccountID, router.NetworkID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get network: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	existing, err := transaction.GetNetworkRouterByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, router.AccountID, router.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get network router: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if existing.AccountID != router.AccountID {
+		return nil, nil, status.NewNetworkRouterNotFoundError(router.ID)
+	}
+
+	if existing.NetworkID != router.NetworkID {
+		return nil, nil, status.NewRouterNotPartOfNetworkError(router.ID, router.NetworkID)
+	}
+
+	if err = transaction.UpdateNetworkRouter(ctx, router); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to update network router: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, router.AccountID); err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to increment network serial: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	networkIDs := []string{router.NetworkID}
+	if existing.NetworkID != router.NetworkID {
+		networkIDs = append(networkIDs, existing.NetworkID)
+	}
+
+	affectedPeerIDs := m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, router.AccountID, affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: networkIDs})
+
+	// The previous routing peer / peer-group members lose their routing role and
+	// are no longer reachable from the post-update network state, so add them
+	// explicitly.
+	affectedPeerIDs = append(affectedPeerIDs, oldRoutingPeerIDs(ctx, transaction, router.AccountID, existing)...)
+
+	return network, affectedPeerIDs, nil
+}
+
+// oldRoutingPeerIDs returns the peer IDs that served as the router's routing peers
+// before an update (direct Peer plus PeerGroups members).
+func oldRoutingPeerIDs(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, existing *types.NetworkRouter) []string {
+	var ids []string
+	if existing.Peer != "" {
+		ids = append(ids, existing.Peer)
+	}
+	if len(existing.PeerGroups) > 0 {
+		groupPeers, err := transaction.GetPeerIDsByGroups(ctx, accountID, existing.PeerGroups)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to get old router peer-group members for affected peers: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			ids = append(ids, groupPeers...)
+		}
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
 func (m *managerImpl) DeleteRouter(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, networkID, routerID string) error {
-	ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
+	ok, ctx, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Networks, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -208,7 +257,10 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteRouter(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, netwo
 	}
 
 	var event func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 	err = m.store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
+		affectedPeerIDs = m.accountManager.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{NetworkIDs: []string{networkID}})
+
 		event, err = m.DeleteRouterInTransaction(ctx, transaction, accountID, userID, networkID, routerID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete network router: %w", err)
@@ -227,7 +279,12 @@ func (m *managerImpl) DeleteRouter(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, netwo
 
 	event()
 
-	go m.accountManager.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, serverTypes.UpdateReason{Resource: serverTypes.UpdateResourceNetworkRouter, Operation: serverTypes.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteRouter %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", routerID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		go m.accountManager.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteRouter %s: no affected peers", routerID)
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

management/server/peer.go

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	nbpeer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/telemetry"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/status"
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -120,19 +121,23 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) MarkPeerConnected(ctx context.Context, peerPubK
 	}
 
 	if expired {
-		if err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID}); err != nil {
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
+		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller of peer update: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
 	// An embedded proxy peer flipping to connected is the trigger for
 	// SynthesizePrivateServiceZones to emit DNS A records pointing at its
-	// tunnel IP. Without an account-wide netmap recompute, user peers keep
-	// the stale synth (or no synth at all on first connect) until some
-	// other change pokes the controller. Fire OnPeersUpdated so the
-	// buffered recompute fans the new state out to every peer.
+	// tunnel IP. Fan the change out to every peer that has a synthesized
+	// policy or DNS-record edge from this proxy peer; otherwise their
+	// synth state stays stale until some other change pokes the controller.
 	if peer.ProxyMeta.Embedded {
-		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID}); err != nil {
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs); err != nil {
 			log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("notify network map controller of embedded proxy %s connect: %v", peer.ID, err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -174,11 +179,12 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) MarkPeerDisconnected(ctx context.Context, peerP
 	am.metrics.AccountManagerMetrics().CountPeerStatusUpdate(telemetry.PeerStatusDisconnect, telemetry.PeerStatusApplied)
 
 	// Symmetric with MarkPeerConnected: when an embedded proxy peer goes
-	// offline, drive an account-wide netmap recompute so the synthesized
-	// DNS records that pointed at it are pulled. Without this the records
-	// linger client-side at TTL until something else triggers a refresh.
+	// offline, refresh the peers that had synthesized records pointing at
+	// it so they pull the stale entries instead of waiting out TTL.
 	if peer.ProxyMeta.Embedded {
-		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID}); err != nil {
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs); err != nil {
 			log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("notify network map controller of embedded proxy %s disconnect: %v", peer.ID, err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -209,7 +215,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) updatePeerLocationIfChanged(ctx context.Context
 
 // UpdatePeer updates peer. Only Peer.Name, Peer.SSHEnabled, Peer.LoginExpirationEnabled and Peer.InactivityExpirationEnabled can be updated.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, update *nbpeer.Peer) (*nbpeer.Peer, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -345,7 +351,10 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 		}
 	}
 
-	err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID})
+	changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+	affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+	affectedPeerIDs = append(affectedPeerIDs, peer.ID)
+	err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller of peer update: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -354,7 +363,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdatePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 }
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreatePeerJob(ctx context.Context, accountID, peerID, userID string, job *types.Job) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -430,7 +439,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreatePeerJob(ctx context.Context, accountID, p
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAllPeerJobs(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID string) ([]*types.Job, error) {
 	// todo: Create permissions for job
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -456,7 +465,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetAllPeerJobs(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 }
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPeerJobByID(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, peerID, jobID string) (*types.Job, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.RemoteJobs, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -483,7 +492,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPeerJobByID(ctx context.Context, accountID,
 
 // DeletePeer removes peer from the account by its IP
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, peerID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -503,6 +512,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, peer
 	var peer *nbpeer.Peer
 	var settings *types.Settings
 	var eventsToStore []func()
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	serviceID, err := am.serviceManager.GetServiceIDByTargetID(ctx, accountID, peerID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -527,6 +537,8 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, peer
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, transaction, accountID, []string{peerID})
+
 		eventsToStore, err = deletePeers(ctx, am, transaction, accountID, userID, []*nbpeer.Peer{peer}, settings)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete peer: %w", err)
@@ -550,7 +562,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, peer
 		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to delete peer %s from integrated validator: %v", peerID, err)
 	}
 
-	if err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersDeleted(ctx, accountID, []string{peerID}); err != nil {
+	if err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersDeleted(ctx, accountID, []string{peerID}, affectedPeerIDs); err != nil {
 		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to delete peer %s from network map: %v", peerID, err)
 	}
 
@@ -643,7 +655,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) handleUserAddedPeer(ctx context.Context, accoun
 	}
 
 	if temporary {
-		allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Create)
+		allowed, _, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Create)
 		if err != nil {
 			return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 		}
@@ -923,12 +935,18 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) AddPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, setupKe
 		am.StoreEvent(ctx, opEvent.InitiatorID, opEvent.TargetID, opEvent.AccountID, opEvent.Activity, opEvent.Meta)
 	}
 
-	if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersAdded(ctx, accountID, []string{newPeer.ID}); err != nil {
+	p, nmap, pc, _, err := am.networkMapController.GetValidatedPeerWithMap(ctx, false, accountID, newPeer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return p, nmap, pc, err
+	}
+
+	changedPeerIDs := []string{newPeer.ID}
+	affectedPeerIDs := affectedPeerIDsFromNetworkMap(nmap, newPeer.ID)
+	if err := am.networkMapController.OnPeersAdded(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs); err != nil {
 		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to update network map cache for peer %s: %v", newPeer.ID, err)
 	}
 
-	p, nmap, pc, _, err := am.networkMapController.GetValidatedPeerWithMap(ctx, false, accountID, newPeer)
-	return p, nmap, pc, err
+	return p, nmap, pc, nil
 }
 
 func getPeerIPDNSLabel(ip netip.Addr, peerHostName string) (string, error) {
@@ -1011,7 +1029,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SyncPeer(ctx context.Context, sync types.PeerSy
 	}
 
 	if isStatusChanged || sync.UpdateAccountPeers || ipv6CapabilityChanged || (updated && (len(postureChecks) > 0 || versionChanged)) {
-		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID})
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller of peer update: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -1141,7 +1161,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) LoginPeer(ctx context.Context, login types.Peer
 	}
 
 	if updateRemotePeers || isStatusChanged || ipv6CapabilityChanged || (isPeerUpdated && len(postureChecks) > 0) {
-		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, []string{peer.ID})
+		changedPeerIDs := []string{peer.ID}
+		affectedPeerIDs := am.resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx, am.Store, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+		err = am.networkMapController.OnPeersUpdated(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs, affectedPeerIDs)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("notify network map controller of peer update: %w", err)
 		}
@@ -1151,6 +1173,79 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) LoginPeer(ctx context.Context, login types.Peer
 	return p, nmap, pc, err
 }
 
+// ExtendPeerSession refreshes the peer's SSO session deadline by updating
+// LastLogin after a successful JWT validation. The tunnel is untouched: no
+// network map sync, no peer reconnect.
+//
+// Preconditions enforced here:
+//   - userID must be present (caller validated the JWT and extracted the user ID).
+//   - The peer must exist and be SSO-registered (AddedWithSSOLogin) with
+//     LoginExpirationEnabled.
+//   - Account-level PeerLoginExpirationEnabled must be true.
+//   - The JWT user must match peer.UserID (mirrors LoginPeer at peer.go ~1028).
+//
+// Returns the new absolute UTC deadline.
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ExtendPeerSession(ctx context.Context, peerPubKey, userID string) (time.Time, error) {
+	if userID == "" {
+		return time.Time{}, status.Errorf(status.PermissionDenied, "session extend requires a JWT")
+	}
+
+	accountID, err := am.Store.GetAccountIDByPeerPubKey(ctx, peerPubKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, err
+	}
+
+	settings, err := am.Store.GetAccountSettings(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, err
+	}
+	if !settings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled {
+		return time.Time{}, status.Errorf(status.PreconditionFailed, "peer login expiration is disabled for the account")
+	}
+
+	var refreshed *nbpeer.Peer
+	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
+		peer, err := transaction.GetPeerByPeerPubKey(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, peerPubKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if !peer.AddedWithSSOLogin() || !peer.LoginExpirationEnabled {
+			return status.Errorf(status.PreconditionFailed, "peer is not eligible for session extension")
+		}
+
+		if peer.UserID != userID {
+			log.WithContext(ctx).Warnf("user mismatch when extending session for peer %s: peer user %s, jwt user %s", peer.ID, peer.UserID, userID)
+			return status.NewPeerLoginMismatchError()
+		}
+
+		peer = peer.UpdateLastLogin()
+		if err := transaction.SavePeer(ctx, accountID, peer); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := transaction.SaveUserLastLogin(ctx, accountID, userID, peer.GetLastLogin()); err != nil {
+			log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("failed to update user last login during session extend: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, peer.ID, accountID, activity.UserExtendedPeerSession, peer.EventMeta(am.networkMapController.GetDNSDomain(settings)))
+		refreshed = peer
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Reschedule the per-account expiration job. schedulePeerLoginExpiration
+	// is a no-op when a job is already running, but the running job will pick
+	// up the new LastLogin on its next tick. Calling it here is harmless and
+	// guarantees a job is in flight even if a prior one ended right before
+	// the extend.
+	am.schedulePeerLoginExpiration(ctx, accountID)
+
+	return refreshed.SessionExpiresAt(settings.PeerLoginExpirationEnabled, settings.PeerLoginExpiration), nil
+}
+
 // getPeerPostureChecks returns the posture checks for the peer.
 func getPeerPostureChecks(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID, peerID string) ([]*posture.Checks, error) {
 	policies, err := transaction.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
@@ -1306,7 +1401,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPeer(ctx context.Context, accountID, peerID,
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Peers, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -1333,6 +1428,99 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, account
 	_ = am.networkMapController.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason)
 }
 
+// UpdateAffectedPeers updates only the specified peers that belong to an account.
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string) {
+	ctx = context.WithoutCancel(ctx)
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("UpdateAffectedPeers: %d peers for account %s", len(peerIDs), accountID)
+	_ = am.networkMapController.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs)
+}
+
+// resolvePeerIDs resolves group IDs and direct peer IDs into a deduplicated peer ID list.
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) resolvePeerIDs(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, groupIDs []string, directPeerIDs []string) []string {
+	peerIDs, err := s.GetPeerIDsByGroups(ctx, accountID, groupIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to resolve peer IDs by groups: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if len(directPeerIDs) == 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("resolvePeerIDs: groups=%v -> %d peers: %v", groupIDs, len(peerIDs), peerIDs)
+		return peerIDs
+	}
+
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(peerIDs))
+	for _, id := range peerIDs {
+		seen[id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	for _, id := range directPeerIDs {
+		if _, exists := seen[id]; !exists {
+			peerIDs = append(peerIDs, id)
+			seen[id] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+
+	log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("resolvePeerIDs: groups=%v + directPeers=%v -> %d peers: %v", groupIDs, directPeerIDs, len(peerIDs), peerIDs)
+	return peerIDs
+}
+
+// BufferUpdateAffectedPeers accumulates peer IDs and flushes them after the buffer interval.
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, peerIDs []string, reason types.UpdateReason) {
+	_ = am.networkMapController.BufferUpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, peerIDs, reason)
+}
+
+// ResolveAffectedPeers resolves a description of what changed into the peer IDs
+// whose network map may have changed. It is the single entry point shared by the
+// server package and the networks managers (via the account.Manager interface).
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, change affectedpeers.Change) []string {
+	peerIDs, err := affectedpeers.Resolve(ctx, s, accountID, change)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to resolve affected peers: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return peerIDs
+}
+
+// affectedPeerIDsFromNetworkMap returns the peer IDs referenced by a peer's
+// network map (its connected and offline peers, which include routing and proxy
+// peers), excluding the peer itself. For a freshly added peer these are, by ACL
+// symmetry, exactly the peers its addition affects.
+func affectedPeerIDsFromNetworkMap(nmap *types.NetworkMap, selfPeerID string) []string {
+	if nmap == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	seen := make(map[string]struct{}, len(nmap.Peers)+len(nmap.OfflinePeers))
+	ids := make([]string, 0, len(nmap.Peers)+len(nmap.OfflinePeers))
+	add := func(peers []*nbpeer.Peer) {
+		for _, p := range peers {
+			if p == nil || p.ID == "" || p.ID == selfPeerID {
+				continue
+			}
+			if _, ok := seen[p.ID]; ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			seen[p.ID] = struct{}{}
+			ids = append(ids, p.ID)
+		}
+	}
+	add(nmap.Peers)
+	add(nmap.OfflinePeers)
+	return ids
+}
+
+// resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges resolves changed peer IDs into the full set of affected peer IDs.
+func (am *DefaultAccountManager) resolveAffectedPeersForPeerChanges(ctx context.Context, s store.Store, accountID string, changedPeerIDs []string) []string {
+	groupIDs, err := s.GetGroupIDsByPeerIDs(ctx, accountID, changedPeerIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Errorf("failed to get group IDs for changed peers: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, s, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{
+		ChangedGroupIDs: groupIDs,
+		ChangedPeerIDs:  changedPeerIDs,
+	})
+}
+
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx context.Context, accountID string, reason types.UpdateReason) {
 	_ = am.networkMapController.BufferUpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, reason)
 }

management/server/peer/peer.go

@@ -367,6 +367,22 @@ func (p *Peer) LoginExpired(expiresIn time.Duration) (bool, time.Duration) {
 	return timeLeft <= 0, timeLeft
 }
 
+// SessionExpiresAt returns the absolute UTC instant at which the peer's SSO
+// session expires, derived from LastLogin and the account-level
+// PeerLoginExpiration setting. Returns the zero value when login expiration
+// does not apply (peer not SSO-registered, peer-level toggle off, or account
+// expiry disabled). Callers should treat the zero value as "no deadline".
+func (p *Peer) SessionExpiresAt(accountExpirationEnabled bool, expiresIn time.Duration) time.Time {
+	if !accountExpirationEnabled || !p.AddedWithSSOLogin() || !p.LoginExpirationEnabled {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	last := p.GetLastLogin()
+	if last.IsZero() {
+		return time.Time{}
+	}
+	return last.Add(expiresIn).UTC()
+}
+
 // FQDN returns peers FQDN combined of the peer's DNS label and the system's DNS domain
 func (p *Peer) FQDN(dnsDomain string) string {
 	if dnsDomain == "" {

management/server/peer_test.go

@@ -1855,7 +1855,7 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("adding peer to unlinked group", func(t *testing.T) {
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg) //
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -1880,7 +1880,7 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("deleting peer with unlinked group", func(t *testing.T) {
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -2018,7 +2018,10 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	// Adding peer to group linked with route should update account peers and send peer update
+	// drain any buffered updates from previous subtests
+	drainPeerUpdates(updMsg)
+
+	// Adding peer to group linked with route should update peers in that group, not unrelated peers
 	t.Run("adding peer to group linked with route", func(t *testing.T) {
 		route := nbroute.Route{
 			ID:          "testingRoute1",
@@ -2042,7 +2045,7 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -2059,16 +2062,16 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(time.Second):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 	})
 
-	// Deleting peer with linked group to route should update account peers and send peer update
+	// Deleting peer with linked group to route should update peers in that group, not unrelated peers
 	t.Run("deleting peer with linked group to route", func(t *testing.T) {
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -2077,12 +2080,12 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(time.Second):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 	})
 
-	// Adding peer to group linked with name server group should update account peers and send peer update
+	// Adding peer to group linked with name server group should update peers in that group, not unrelated peers
 	t.Run("adding peer to group linked with name server group", func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err = manager.CreateNameServerGroup(
 			context.Background(), account.Id, "nsGroup", "nsGroup", []nbdns.NameServer{{
@@ -2097,7 +2100,7 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -2114,16 +2117,16 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(time.Second):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 	})
 
-	// Deleting peer with linked group to name server group should update account peers and send peer update
+	// Deleting peer with linked group to name server group should update peers in that group, not unrelated peers
 	t.Run("deleting peer with linked group to route", func(t *testing.T) {
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -2132,8 +2135,8 @@ func TestPeerAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(time.Second):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 	})
 }

management/server/permissions/manager.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/account"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	nbcontext "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/context"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/roles"
@@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 type Manager interface {
-	ValidateUserPermissions(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, error)
+	ValidateUserPermissions(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, context.Context, error)
 	ValidateRoleModuleAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, role roles.RolePermissions, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) bool
-	ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) error
+	ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) (context.Context, error)
 
 	GetPermissionsByRole(ctx context.Context, role types.UserRole) (roles.Permissions, error)
 	SetAccountManager(accountManager account.Manager)
@@ -42,42 +43,43 @@ func (m *managerImpl) ValidateUserPermissions(
 	userID string,
 	module modules.Module,
 	operation operations.Operation,
-) (bool, error) {
+) (bool, context.Context, error) {
 	if userID == activity.SystemInitiator {
-		return true, nil
+		return true, ctx, nil
 	}
 
 	user, err := m.store.GetUserByUserID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, userID)
 	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
+		return false, ctx, err
 	}
 
 	if user == nil {
-		return false, status.NewUserNotFoundError(userID)
+		return false, ctx, status.NewUserNotFoundError(userID)
 	}
 
 	if user.IsBlocked() && !user.PendingApproval {
-		return false, status.NewUserBlockedError()
+		return false, ctx, status.NewUserBlockedError()
 	}
 
 	if user.IsBlocked() && user.PendingApproval {
-		return false, status.NewUserPendingApprovalError()
+		return false, ctx, status.NewUserPendingApprovalError()
 	}
 
-	if err := m.ValidateAccountAccess(ctx, accountID, user, false); err != nil {
-		return false, err
+	ctxEnriched, err := m.ValidateAccountAccess(ctx, accountID, user, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, ctx, err
 	}
 
 	if operation == operations.Read && user.IsServiceUser {
-		return true, nil // this should be replaced by proper granular access role
+		return true, ctxEnriched, nil // this should be replaced by proper granular access role
 	}
 
 	role, ok := roles.RolesMap[user.Role]
 	if !ok {
-		return false, status.NewUserRoleNotFoundError(string(user.Role))
+		return false, ctxEnriched, status.NewUserRoleNotFoundError(string(user.Role))
 	}
 
-	return m.ValidateRoleModuleAccess(ctx, accountID, role, module, operation), nil
+	return m.ValidateRoleModuleAccess(ctx, accountID, role, module, operation), ctxEnriched, nil
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) ValidateRoleModuleAccess(
@@ -98,11 +100,14 @@ func (m *managerImpl) ValidateRoleModuleAccess(
 	return role.AutoAllowNew[operation]
 }
 
-func (m *managerImpl) ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) error {
+func (m *managerImpl) ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) (context.Context, error) {
 	if user.AccountID != accountID {
-		return status.NewUserNotPartOfAccountError()
+		return ctx, status.NewUserNotPartOfAccountError()
 	}
-	return nil
+
+	ctx = nbcontext.WithRole(ctx, string(user.Role))
+
+	return ctx, nil
 }
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetPermissionsByRole(ctx context.Context, role types.UserRole) (roles.Permissions, error) {

management/server/permissions/manager_mock.go

@@ -67,11 +67,12 @@ func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) SetAccountManager(accountManager interface{})
 }
 
 // ValidateAccountAccess mocks base method.
-func (m *MockManager) ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) error {
+func (m *MockManager) ValidateAccountAccess(ctx context.Context, accountID string, user *types.User, allowOwnerAndAdmin bool) (context.Context, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ValidateAccountAccess", ctx, accountID, user, allowOwnerAndAdmin)
-	ret0, _ := ret[0].(error)
-	return ret0
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(context.Context)
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1
 }
 
 // ValidateAccountAccess indicates an expected call of ValidateAccountAccess.
@@ -95,12 +96,13 @@ func (mr *MockManagerMockRecorder) ValidateRoleModuleAccess(ctx, accountID, role
 }
 
 // ValidateUserPermissions mocks base method.
-func (m *MockManager) ValidateUserPermissions(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, error) {
+func (m *MockManager) ValidateUserPermissions(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, module modules.Module, operation operations.Operation) (bool, context.Context, error) {
 	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "ValidateUserPermissions", ctx, accountID, userID, module, operation)
 	ret0, _ := ret[0].(bool)
-	ret1, _ := ret[1].(error)
-	return ret0, ret1
+	ret1, _ := ret[1].(context.Context)
+	ret2, _ := ret[2].(error)
+	return ret0, ret1, ret2
 }
 
 // ValidateUserPermissions indicates an expected call of ValidateUserPermissions.

management/server/policy.go

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import (
 	_ "embed"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
-	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
@@ -13,13 +13,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/status"
 )
 
 // GetPolicy from the store
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, policyID, userID string) (*types.Policy, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 	if !create {
 		operation = operations.Update
 	}
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operation)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operation)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -45,44 +46,37 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 	}
 
 	var isUpdate = policy.ID != ""
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var existingPolicy *types.Policy
 	var action = activity.PolicyAdded
 	var unchanged bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		existingPolicy, err := validatePolicy(ctx, transaction, accountID, policy)
+		existingPolicy, err = validatePolicy(ctx, transaction, accountID, policy)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
 		if isUpdate {
 			if policy.Equal(existingPolicy) {
-				logrus.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("policy update skipped because equal to stored one - policy id %s", policy.ID)
+				log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("policy update skipped because equal to stored one - policy id %s", policy.ID)
 				unchanged = true
 				return nil
 			}
 
 			action = activity.PolicyUpdated
 
-			updateAccountPeers, err = arePolicyChangesAffectPeersWithExisting(ctx, transaction, policy, existingPolicy)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
 			if err = transaction.SavePolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		} else {
-			updateAccountPeers, err = arePolicyChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, policy)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
 			if err = transaction.CreatePolicy(ctx, policy); err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy, existingPolicy}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -95,12 +89,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, policy.ID, accountID, action, policy.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		policyOp := types.UpdateOperationCreate
-		if isUpdate {
-			policyOp = types.UpdateOperationUpdate
-		}
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePolicy, Operation: policyOp})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SavePolicy %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", policy.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SavePolicy %s: no affected peers", policy.ID)
 	}
 
 	return policy, nil
@@ -108,7 +101,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, user
 
 // DeletePolicy from the store
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, policyID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -117,7 +110,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, po
 	}
 
 	var policy *types.Policy
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		policy, err = transaction.GetPolicyByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, policyID)
@@ -125,10 +118,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, po
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = arePolicyChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, policy)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Policies: []*types.Policy{policy}})
 
 		if err = transaction.DeletePolicy(ctx, accountID, policyID); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -142,8 +132,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, po
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, policyID, accountID, activity.PolicyRemoved, policy.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePolicy, Operation: types.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeletePolicy %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", policyID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeletePolicy %s: no affected peers", policyID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -151,7 +144,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePolicy(ctx context.Context, accountID, po
 
 // ListPolicies from the store.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListPolicies(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.Policy, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -162,46 +155,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListPolicies(ctx context.Context, accountID, us
 	return am.Store.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
 }
 
-// arePolicyChangesAffectPeers checks if a policy (being created or deleted) will affect any associated peers.
-func arePolicyChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, policy *types.Policy) (bool, error) {
-	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
-		if rule.SourceResource.Type != "" || rule.DestinationResource.Type != "" {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, policy.AccountID, policy.RuleGroups())
-}
-
-func arePolicyChangesAffectPeersWithExisting(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, policy *types.Policy, existingPolicy *types.Policy) (bool, error) {
-	if !policy.Enabled && !existingPolicy.Enabled {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range existingPolicy.Rules {
-		if rule.SourceResource.Type != "" || rule.DestinationResource.Type != "" {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	hasPeers, err := anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, policy.AccountID, existingPolicy.RuleGroups())
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
-	}
-
-	if hasPeers {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range policy.Rules {
-		if rule.SourceResource.Type != "" || rule.DestinationResource.Type != "" {
-			return true, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, policy.AccountID, policy.RuleGroups())
-}
-
 // validatePolicy validates the policy and its rules. For updates it returns
 // the existing policy loaded from the store so callers can avoid a second read.
 func validatePolicy(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, policy *types.Policy) (*types.Policy, error) {

management/server/policy_test.go

@@ -1319,12 +1319,14 @@ func TestPolicyAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	// Updating disabled policy with destination and source groups containing peers should not update account's peers
-	// or send peer update
+	// Updating disabled policy with destination and source groups containing peers should still update account's peers
+	// because affected peer resolution does not filter by policy enabled state
 	t.Run("updating disabled policy with source and destination groups with peers", func(t *testing.T) {
+		drainPeerUpdates(updMsg)
+
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -1335,8 +1337,8 @@ func TestPolicyAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(time.Second):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 	})
 

management/server/posture/nb_version.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-version"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	nbpeer "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/peer"
 )
@@ -33,9 +32,6 @@ func (n *NBVersionCheck) Check(ctx context.Context, peer nbpeer.Peer) (bool, err
 		return true, nil
 	}
 
-	log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("peer %s NB version %s is older than minimum allowed version %s",
-		peer.ID, peer.Meta.WtVersion, n.MinVersion)
-
 	return false, nil
 }
 

management/server/posture/os_version.go

@@ -100,8 +100,6 @@ func checkMinVersion(ctx context.Context, peerGoOS, peerVersion string, check *M
 		return true, nil
 	}
 
-	log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("peer %s OS version %s is older than minimum allowed version %s", peerGoOS, peerVersion, check.MinVersion)
-
 	return false, nil
 }
 
@@ -125,7 +123,5 @@ func checkMinKernelVersion(ctx context.Context, peerGoOS, peerVersion string, ch
 		return true, nil
 	}
 
-	log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("peer %s kernel version %s is older than minimum allowed version %s", peerGoOS, peerVersion, check.MinKernelVersion)
-
 	return false, nil
 }

management/server/posture_checks.go

@@ -5,18 +5,19 @@ import (
 	"slices"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/posture"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/status"
 )
 
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetPostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountID, postureChecksID, userID string) (*posture.Checks, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 	if !create {
 		operation = operations.Update
 	}
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operation)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operation)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -41,9 +42,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionDeniedError()
 	}
 
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
 	var isUpdate = postureChecks.ID != ""
 	var action = activity.PostureCheckCreated
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validatePostureChecks(ctx, transaction, accountID, postureChecks); err != nil {
@@ -51,12 +52,9 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 		}
 
 		if isUpdate {
-			updateAccountPeers, err = arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, postureChecks.ID)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
 			action = activity.PostureCheckUpdated
+
+			affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{PostureCheckIDs: []string{postureChecks.ID}})
 		}
 
 		postureChecks.AccountID = accountID
@@ -76,12 +74,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, postureChecks.ID, accountID, action, postureChecks.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		postureOp := types.UpdateOperationCreate
-		if isUpdate {
-			postureOp = types.UpdateOperationUpdate
-		}
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourcePostureCheck, Operation: postureOp})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("SavePostureChecks %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", postureChecks.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SavePostureChecks %s: no affected peers", postureChecks.ID)
 	}
 
 	return postureChecks, nil
@@ -89,7 +86,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SavePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 
 // DeletePostureChecks deletes a posture check by ID.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountID, postureChecksID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -126,7 +123,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeletePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accoun
 
 // ListPostureChecks returns a list of posture checks.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListPostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*posture.Checks, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Policies, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -137,29 +134,6 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListPostureChecks(ctx context.Context, accountI
 	return am.Store.GetAccountPostureChecks(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
 }
 
-// arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers checks if the changes in posture checks are affecting peers.
-func arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID, postureCheckID string) (bool, error) {
-	policies, err := transaction.GetAccountPolicies(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
-	}
-
-	for _, policy := range policies {
-		if slices.Contains(policy.SourcePostureChecks, postureCheckID) {
-			hasPeers, err := anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, accountID, policy.RuleGroups())
-			if err != nil {
-				return false, err
-			}
-
-			if hasPeers {
-				return true, nil
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false, nil
-}
-
 // validatePostureChecks validates the posture checks.
 func validatePostureChecks(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, postureChecks *posture.Checks) error {
 	if err := postureChecks.Validate(); err != nil {

management/server/posture_checks_test.go

@@ -503,21 +503,20 @@ func TestArePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to save policy")
 
 	t.Run("posture check exists and is linked to policy with peers", func(t *testing.T) {
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.True(t, result)
+		groupIDs, _ := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
+		assert.NotEmpty(t, groupIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check exists but is not linked to any policy", func(t *testing.T) {
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckB.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.False(t, result)
+		groupIDs, directPeerIDs := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckB.ID)
+		assert.Empty(t, groupIDs)
+		assert.Empty(t, directPeerIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check does not exist", func(t *testing.T) {
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, "unknown")
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.False(t, result)
+		groupIDs, directPeerIDs := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, "unknown")
+		assert.Empty(t, groupIDs)
+		assert.Empty(t, directPeerIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check is linked to policy with no peers in source groups", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -526,9 +525,8 @@ func TestArePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err = manager.SavePolicy(context.Background(), account.Id, adminUserID, policy, true)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to update policy")
 
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.True(t, result)
+		groupIDs, _ := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
+		assert.NotEmpty(t, groupIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check is linked to policy with no peers in destination groups", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -537,9 +535,8 @@ func TestArePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err = manager.SavePolicy(context.Background(), account.Id, adminUserID, policy, true)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to update policy")
 
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.True(t, result)
+		groupIDs, _ := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
+		assert.NotEmpty(t, groupIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check is linked to policy but no peers in groups", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -547,9 +544,9 @@ func TestArePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(t *testing.T) {
 		err = manager.UpdateGroup(context.Background(), account.Id, adminUserID, groupA)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to save groups")
 
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.False(t, result)
+		// The collector returns groups even if they have no peers — the groups are still referenced
+		groupIDs, _ := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
+		assert.NotEmpty(t, groupIDs)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("posture check is linked to policy with non-existent group", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -558,8 +555,10 @@ func TestArePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(t *testing.T) {
 		_, err = manager.SavePolicy(context.Background(), account.Id, adminUserID, policy, true)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to update policy")
 
-		result, err := arePostureCheckChangesAffectPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
-		require.NoError(t, err)
-		assert.False(t, result)
+		// Non-existent groups are filtered out during SavePolicy validation,
+		// so the saved policy has empty Sources/Destinations
+		groupIDs, directPeerIDs := collectPostureCheckAffectedGroupsAndPeers(context.Background(), manager.Store, account.Id, postureCheckA.ID)
+		assert.Empty(t, groupIDs)
+		assert.Empty(t, directPeerIDs)
 	})
 }

management/server/route.go

@@ -8,8 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/rs/xid"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/affectedpeers"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/modules"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions/operations"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ import (
 
 // GetRoute gets a route object from account and route IDs
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID string, routeID route.ID, userID string) (*route.Route, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ func getRouteDescriptor(prefix netip.Prefix, domains domain.List) string {
 
 // CreateRoute creates and saves a new route
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID string, prefix netip.Prefix, networkType route.NetworkType, domains domain.List, peerID string, peerGroupIDs []string, description string, netID route.NetID, masquerade bool, metric int, groups, accessControlGroupIDs []string, enabled bool, userID string, keepRoute bool, skipAutoApply bool) (*route.Route, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -147,7 +149,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 	}
 
 	var newRoute *route.Route
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		newRoute = &route.Route{
@@ -173,15 +175,12 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areRouteChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, newRoute)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
 		if err = transaction.SaveRoute(ctx, newRoute); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Routes: []*route.Route{newRoute}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -190,8 +189,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, string(newRoute.ID), accountID, activity.RouteCreated, newRoute.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceRoute, Operation: types.UpdateOperationCreate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("CreateRoute %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", newRoute.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("CreateRoute %s: no affected peers", newRoute.ID)
 	}
 
 	return newRoute, nil
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 
 // SaveRoute saves route
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string, routeToSave *route.Route) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -208,8 +210,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID, userI
 	}
 
 	var oldRoute *route.Route
-	var oldRouteAffectsPeers bool
-	var newRouteAffectsPeers bool
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
 		if err = validateRoute(ctx, transaction, accountID, routeToSave); err != nil {
@@ -221,21 +222,14 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID, userI
 			return err
 		}
 
-		oldRouteAffectsPeers, err = areRouteChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, oldRoute)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		newRouteAffectsPeers, err = areRouteChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, routeToSave)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
 		routeToSave.AccountID = accountID
 
 		if err = transaction.SaveRoute(ctx, routeToSave); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Routes: []*route.Route{routeToSave, oldRoute}})
+
 		return transaction.IncrementNetworkSerial(ctx, accountID)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -244,8 +238,11 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID, userI
 
 	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, string(routeToSave.ID), accountID, activity.RouteUpdated, routeToSave.EventMeta())
 
-	if oldRouteAffectsPeers || newRouteAffectsPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceRoute, Operation: types.UpdateOperationUpdate})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("SaveRoute %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", routeToSave.ID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("SaveRoute %s: no affected peers", routeToSave.ID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -253,7 +250,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID, userI
 
 // DeleteRoute deletes route with routeID
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID string, routeID route.ID, userID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -261,19 +258,16 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 		return status.NewPermissionDeniedError()
 	}
 
-	var route *route.Route
-	var updateAccountPeers bool
+	var rt *route.Route
+	var affectedPeerIDs []string
 
 	err = am.Store.ExecuteInTransaction(ctx, func(transaction store.Store) error {
-		route, err = transaction.GetRouteByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, string(routeID))
+		rt, err = transaction.GetRouteByID(ctx, store.LockingStrengthUpdate, accountID, string(routeID))
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		updateAccountPeers, err = areRouteChangesAffectPeers(ctx, transaction, route)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
+		affectedPeerIDs = am.ResolveAffectedPeers(ctx, transaction, accountID, affectedpeers.Change{Routes: []*route.Route{rt}})
 
 		if err = transaction.DeleteRoute(ctx, accountID, string(routeID)); err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -285,10 +279,13 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete route %s: %w", routeID, err)
 	}
 
-	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, string(route.ID), accountID, activity.RouteRemoved, route.EventMeta())
+	am.StoreEvent(ctx, userID, string(rt.ID), accountID, activity.RouteRemoved, rt.EventMeta())
 
-	if updateAccountPeers {
-		am.UpdateAccountPeers(ctx, accountID, types.UpdateReason{Resource: types.UpdateResourceRoute, Operation: types.UpdateOperationDelete})
+	if len(affectedPeerIDs) > 0 {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Debugf("DeleteRoute %s: updating %d affected peers: %v", routeID, len(affectedPeerIDs), affectedPeerIDs)
+		am.UpdateAffectedPeers(ctx, accountID, affectedPeerIDs)
+	} else {
+		log.WithContext(ctx).Tracef("DeleteRoute %s: no affected peers", routeID)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -296,7 +293,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteRoute(ctx context.Context, accountID stri
 
 // ListRoutes returns a list of routes from account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListRoutes(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*route.Route, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Routes, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -377,25 +374,6 @@ func getPlaceholderIP() netip.Prefix {
 	return netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 0, 2, 0}), 32)
 }
 
-// areRouteChangesAffectPeers checks if a given route affects peers by determining
-// if it has a routing peer, distribution, or peer groups that include peers.
-func areRouteChangesAffectPeers(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, route *route.Route) (bool, error) {
-	if route.Peer != "" {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	hasPeers, err := anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, route.AccountID, route.Groups)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
-	}
-
-	if hasPeers {
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	return anyGroupHasPeersOrResources(ctx, transaction, route.AccountID, route.PeerGroups)
-}
-
 // GetRoutesByPrefixOrDomains return list of routes by account and route prefix
 func getRoutesByPrefixOrDomains(ctx context.Context, transaction store.Store, accountID string, prefix netip.Prefix, domains domain.List) ([]*route.Route, error) {
 	accountRoutes, err := transaction.GetAccountRoutes(ctx, store.LockingStrengthNone, accountID)

management/server/route_test.go

@@ -1962,8 +1962,10 @@ func TestRouteAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 	})
 
-	// Creating a route with no routing peer and having peers in groups should update account peers and send peer update
+	// Creating a route with no routing peer and having peers in groups that don't include peer1 should not send peer1 an update
 	t.Run("creating a route with peers in  PeerGroups and Groups", func(t *testing.T) {
+		drainPeerUpdates(updMsg)
+
 		route := route.Route{
 			ID:          "testingRoute2",
 			Network:     netip.MustParsePrefix("192.0.2.0/32"),
@@ -1979,7 +1981,7 @@ func TestRouteAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		done := make(chan struct{})
 		go func() {
-			peerShouldReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
+			peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate(t, updMsg)
 			close(done)
 		}()
 
@@ -1992,8 +1994,8 @@ func TestRouteAccountPeersUpdate(t *testing.T) {
 
 		select {
 		case <-done:
-		case <-time.After(peerUpdateTimeout):
-			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldReceiveUpdate")
+		case <-time.After(time.Second):
+			t.Error("timeout waiting for peerShouldNotReceiveUpdate")
 		}
 
 	})

management/server/settings/manager.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (m *managerImpl) GetExtraSettingsManager() extra_settings.Manager {
 
 func (m *managerImpl) GetSettings(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) (*types.Settings, error) {
 	if userID != activity.SystemInitiator {
-		ok, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Read)
+		ok, _, err := m.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.Settings, operations.Read)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 		}

management/server/setupkey.go

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ type SetupKeyUpdateOperation struct {
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) CreateSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID string, keyName string, keyType types.SetupKeyType,
 	expiresIn time.Duration, autoGroups []string, usageLimit int, userID string, ephemeral bool, allowExtraDNSLabels bool) (*types.SetupKey, error) {
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Create)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Create)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID str
 		return nil, status.Errorf(status.InvalidArgument, "provided setup key to update is nil")
 	}
 
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Update)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Update)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) SaveSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID str
 
 // ListSetupKeys returns a list of all setup keys of the account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListSetupKeys(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID string) ([]*types.SetupKey, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) ListSetupKeys(ctx context.Context, accountID, u
 
 // GetSetupKey looks up a SetupKey by KeyID, returns NotFound error if not found.
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, keyID string) (*types.SetupKey, error) {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Read)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Read)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ func (am *DefaultAccountManager) GetSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID, use
 
 // DeleteSetupKey removes the setup key from the account
 func (am *DefaultAccountManager) DeleteSetupKey(ctx context.Context, accountID, userID, keyID string) error {
-	allowed, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Delete)
+	allowed, ctx, err := am.permissionsManager.ValidateUserPermissions(ctx, accountID, userID, modules.SetupKeys, operations.Delete)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.NewPermissionValidationError(err)
 	}