Fixup after merge

Fixup helper withMDMPolicy -> configWithMDM
Solved conflict in client.go
2026-08-07 16:21:28 +02:00 · 2026-08-07 16:02:30 +02:00 · 2026-08-07 12:56:16 +02:00 · 2026-08-07 11:59:56 +02:00 · 2026-08-07 11:53:24 +02:00 · 2026-08-07 09:57:52 +02:00
52 changed files with 1402 additions and 437 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -475,6 +475,132 @@ jobs:
          path: dist/
          retention-days: 3

+  release_ui_gtk3:
+    # Legacy GTK3/WebKit2GTK 4.1 UI build for distros without WebKitGTK 6.0
+    # (Ubuntu 22.04, Debian 12, RHEL 9, Fedora <=39). Runs on ubuntu-22.04 so
+    # the binary links against the oldest supported glibc.
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    outputs:
+      release_ui_gtk3_artifact_url: ${{ steps.upload_release_ui_gtk3.outputs.artifact-url }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Parse semver string
+        id: semver_parser
+        uses: netbirdio/shared-actions/actions/parse-semver@be5df6047383da2236e02243cceb857d8567c27e # v0.0.2
+
+      - name: Set snapshot flag
+        if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
+        run: |
+          echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Set build vars
+        if: ${{ startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
+        run: |
+          if [[ "x-${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.prerelease }}" == "x-" && "x-${{ github.repository }}" == "x-netbirdio/netbird" ]]; then
+            echo "x-${{ github.repository }}"
+            echo "x-${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.prerelease }}"
+            echo "SKIP_PUBLISH=false" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          else
+            echo "x-${{ github.repository }}"
+            echo "x-${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.prerelease }}"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@924ae3a1cded613372ab5595356fb5720e22ba16 # v6.5.0
+        with:
+          go-version-file: "go.mod"
+          cache: false
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        # Restore-only from the release_ui cache written by trusted runs; the
+        # module cache is identical (same go.sum) and stale build-cache
+        # entries just miss.
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@2c8a9bd7457de244a408f35966fab2fb45fda9c8 # v6.0.0
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/go/pkg/mod
+            ~/.cache/go-build
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-ui-go-releaser-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-ui-go-releaser-
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@49933ea5288caeca8642d1e84afbd3f7d6820020 # v4
+        with:
+          node-version: '22'
+
+      - name: Set up pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@a3252b78c470c02df07e9d59298aecedc3ccdd6d # v3.0.0
+        with:
+          version: 11
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libwebkit2gtk-4.1-dev
+
+      - name: Decode GPG signing key
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+        env:
+          GPG_RPM_PRIVATE_KEY: ${{ secrets.GPG_RPM_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          echo "$GPG_RPM_PRIVATE_KEY" | base64 -d > /tmp/gpg-rpm-signing-key.asc
+          echo "GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE=/tmp/gpg-rpm-signing-key.asc" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Install wails3 CLI
+        # Version derived from go.mod so the binding generator always matches
+        # the wails runtime the binary links against.
+        # -tags gtk3: the CLI links the wails runtime's cgo packages, and the
+        # default tags request gtk4/webkitgtk-6.0 pkg-config entries that do
+        # not exist on ubuntu-22.04.
+        run: |
+          WAILS_VERSION=$(go list -m -f '{{.Version}}' github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3)
+          go install -tags gtk3 github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3/cmd/wails3@$WAILS_VERSION
+
+      - name: Run GoReleaser
+        uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@5daf1e915a5f0af01ddbcd89a43b8061ff4f1a89 # v7.2.2
+        with:
+          version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
+          args: release --config .goreleaser_ui_gtk3.yaml --clean ${{ env.flags }}
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          UPLOAD_DEBIAN_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
+          UPLOAD_YUM_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
+          GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE: ${{ env.GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE }}
+          NFPM_NETBIRD_UI_RPM_GTK3_PASSPHRASE: ${{ secrets.GPG_RPM_PASSPHRASE }}
+          SKIP_PUBLISH: ${{ env.SKIP_PUBLISH }}
+      - name: Verify RPM signatures
+        run: |
+          docker run --rm -v $(pwd)/dist:/dist fedora:41 bash -c '
+            dnf install -y -q rpm-sign curl >/dev/null 2>&1
+            curl -sSL https://pkgs.netbird.io/yum/repodata/repomd.xml.key -o /tmp/rpm-pub.key
+            rpm --import /tmp/rpm-pub.key
+            echo "=== Verifying RPM signatures ==="
+            for rpm_file in /dist/*.rpm; do
+              [ -f "$rpm_file" ] || continue
+              echo "--- $(basename $rpm_file) ---"
+              rpm -K "$rpm_file"
+            done
+          '
+      - name: Clean up GPG key
+        if: always()
+        run: rm -f /tmp/gpg-rpm-signing-key.asc
+      - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
+        id: upload_release_ui_gtk3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a #v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: release-ui-gtk3
+          path: dist/
+          retention-days: 3
+
  release_ui_darwin:
    runs-on: macos-latest
    outputs:
@@ -688,7 +814,7 @@ jobs:
  comment_release_artifacts:
    name: Comment release artifacts
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [release, release_ui, release_ui_darwin]
+    needs: [release, release_ui, release_ui_gtk3, release_ui_darwin]
    if: ${{ always() && github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository }}
    permissions:
      contents: read
@@ -700,12 +826,14 @@ jobs:
        env:
          RELEASE_RESULT: ${{ needs.release.result }}
          RELEASE_UI_RESULT: ${{ needs.release_ui.result }}
+          RELEASE_UI_GTK3_RESULT: ${{ needs.release_ui_gtk3.result }}
          RELEASE_UI_DARWIN_RESULT: ${{ needs.release_ui_darwin.result }}
          RELEASE_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release.outputs.release_artifact_url }}
          LINUX_PACKAGES_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release.outputs.linux_packages_artifact_url }}
          WINDOWS_PACKAGES_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release.outputs.windows_packages_artifact_url }}
          MACOS_PACKAGES_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release.outputs.macos_packages_artifact_url }}
          RELEASE_UI_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release_ui.outputs.release_ui_artifact_url }}
+          RELEASE_UI_GTK3_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release_ui_gtk3.outputs.release_ui_gtk3_artifact_url }}
          RELEASE_UI_DARWIN_ARTIFACT_URL: ${{ needs.release_ui_darwin.outputs.release_ui_darwin_artifact_url }}
          GHCR_IMAGES_MARKDOWN: ${{ needs.release.outputs.ghcr_images }}
        with:
@@ -728,6 +856,7 @@ jobs:
              ['Windows packages', process.env.WINDOWS_PACKAGES_ARTIFACT_URL, process.env.RELEASE_RESULT],
              ['macOS packages', process.env.MACOS_PACKAGES_ARTIFACT_URL, process.env.RELEASE_RESULT],
              ['UI artifacts', process.env.RELEASE_UI_ARTIFACT_URL, process.env.RELEASE_UI_RESULT],
+              ['UI GTK3 artifacts', process.env.RELEASE_UI_GTK3_ARTIFACT_URL, process.env.RELEASE_UI_GTK3_RESULT],
              ['UI macOS artifacts', process.env.RELEASE_UI_DARWIN_ARTIFACT_URL, process.env.RELEASE_UI_DARWIN_RESULT],
            ];

@@ -784,7 +913,7 @@ jobs:

  trigger_signer:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [release, release_ui, release_ui_darwin, test_windows_installer]
+    needs: [release, release_ui, release_ui_gtk3, release_ui_darwin, test_windows_installer]
    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
    steps:
      - name: Trigger binaries sign pipelines
--- a/.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml
@@ -257,6 +257,15 @@ jobs:
        with:
          persist-credentials: false

+      - name: Verify fresh-install session cookie key hardening
+        run: |
+          grep -Fxq '  SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(openssl rand -base64 32)' infrastructure_files/getting-started.sh
+          grep -Fxq '    sessionCookieEncryptionKey: "$SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY"' infrastructure_files/getting-started.sh
+          grep -Fxq '  install -m 600 /dev/null config.yaml' infrastructure_files/getting-started.sh
+          grep -Fxq '  openssl rand -base64 32' infrastructure_files/getting-started-enterprise.sh
+          grep -Fxq '  NETBIRD_SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(rand_b64_key)' infrastructure_files/getting-started-enterprise.sh
+          grep -Fxq '    sessionCookieEncryptionKey: "${NETBIRD_SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY}"' infrastructure_files/getting-started-enterprise.sh
+
      - name: Verify Dex retirement notice
        run: |
          if infrastructure_files/getting-started-with-dex.sh >stdout.txt 2>stderr.txt; then
--- a/.goreleaser_ui_gtk3.yaml
+++ b/.goreleaser_ui_gtk3.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+version: 2
+env:
+  - SKIP_PUBLISH={{ if index .Env "SKIP_PUBLISH" }}{{ .Env.SKIP_PUBLISH }}{{ else }}true{{ end }}
+project_name: netbird-ui
+
+before:
+  hooks:
+    # Bindings are gitignored; regenerate before the frontend build so
+    # the @wailsio/runtime Vite plugin can resolve them (vite refuses to
+    # build without them).
+    # -f '-tags gtk3': the generator type-checks client/ui, whose cgo imports
+    # would otherwise resolve gtk4/webkitgtk-6.0 pkg-config entries that do
+    # not exist on ubuntu-22.04.
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui && wails3 generate bindings -clean=true -ts -f "-tags gtk3"'
+    - sh -c 'cd client/ui/frontend && pnpm install --frozen-lockfile && pnpm build'
+
+builds:
+  # Legacy GTK3 / WebKit2GTK 4.1 build for distros without WebKitGTK 6.0
+  # (Ubuntu 22.04, Debian 12, RHEL 9, Fedora <=39). The gtk3 tag flips the
+  # Wails Linux backend to the GTK3 stack and swaps our GTK4-only XEmbed
+  # tray host for the pure-Go stub (client/ui/xembed_host_gtk3_linux.go).
+  # Must be built on the oldest supported glibc (ubuntu-22.04 runner).
+  - id: netbird-ui-gtk3
+    dir: client/ui
+    binary: netbird-ui
+    env:
+      - CGO_ENABLED=1
+    goos:
+      - linux
+    goarch:
+      - amd64
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
+    tags:
+      - production
+      - gtk3
+
+archives:
+  - id: linux-gtk3-arch
+    name_template: "{{ .ProjectName }}-linux-gtk3_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}"
+    builds:
+      - netbird-ui-gtk3
+
+nfpms:
+  # Same package_name as the GTK4 packages -- the two are mutually-exclusive
+  # alternatives served from separate repo paths (see uploads below); a given
+  # distro points at exactly one of them. The file names must still differ:
+  # the Debian pool is shared storage keyed by file name, so a default-named
+  # gtk3 .deb would overwrite the stable one.
+  - maintainer: Netbird <dev@netbird.io>
+    description: Netbird client UI.
+    homepage: https://netbird.io/
+    license: BSD-3-Clause
+    vendor: NetBird
+    id: netbird_ui_deb_gtk3
+    package_name: netbird-ui
+    file_name_template: "{{ .PackageName }}-gtk3_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}"
+    builds:
+      - netbird-ui-gtk3
+    formats:
+      - deb
+    scripts:
+      postinstall: "release_files/ui-post-install.sh"
+    contents:
+      - src: client/ui/build/linux/netbird.desktop
+        dst: /usr/share/applications/org.wails.netbird.desktop
+      - src: client/ui/build/appicon.png
+        dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
+    dependencies:
+      - netbird (>= 0.75.0)
+      - libgtk-3-0
+      - libwebkit2gtk-4.1-0
+
+  - maintainer: Netbird <dev@netbird.io>
+    description: Netbird client UI.
+    homepage: https://netbird.io/
+    license: BSD-3-Clause
+    vendor: NetBird
+    id: netbird_ui_rpm_gtk3
+    package_name: netbird-ui
+    file_name_template: "{{ .PackageName }}-gtk3_{{ .Version }}_{{ .Os }}_{{ .Arch }}"
+    builds:
+      - netbird-ui-gtk3
+    formats:
+      - rpm
+    scripts:
+      postinstall: "release_files/ui-post-install.sh"
+    contents:
+      - src: client/ui/build/linux/netbird.desktop
+        dst: /usr/share/applications/org.wails.netbird.desktop
+      - src: client/ui/build/appicon.png
+        dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
+    dependencies:
+      - netbird >= 0.75.0
+      - (gtk3 or libgtk-3-0)
+      - (webkit2gtk4.1 or libwebkit2gtk-4_1-0)
+
+    rpm:
+      signature:
+        key_file: '{{ if index .Env "GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE" }}{{ .Env.GPG_RPM_KEY_FILE }}{{ end }}'
+
+# The GTK4 UI job shares project_name, so the default checksum file name would
+# collide with it on the shared GitHub release.
+checksum:
+  name_template: "{{ .ProjectName }}_gtk3_checksums.txt"
+
+changelog:
+  disable: true
+
+uploads:
+  # The gtk3 packages reuse the netbird-ui package name, so they live in
+  # dedicated repo paths (deb distribution `gtk3`, yum path `yum-gtk3`) that
+  # legacy distros point their repo config at.
+  - name: debian-gtk3
+    skip: "{{ .Env.SKIP_PUBLISH }}"
+    ids:
+      - netbird_ui_deb_gtk3
+    mode: archive
+    target: https://pkgs.wiretrustee.com/debian/pool/{{ .ArtifactName }};deb.distribution=gtk3;deb.component=main;deb.architecture={{ if .Arm }}armhf{{ else }}{{ .Arch }}{{ end }};deb.package=
+    username: dev@wiretrustee.com
+    method: PUT
+
+  - name: yum-gtk3
+    skip: "{{ .Env.SKIP_PUBLISH }}"
+    ids:
+      - netbird_ui_rpm_gtk3
+    mode: archive
+    target: https://pkgs.wiretrustee.com/yum-gtk3/{{ .Arch }}{{ if .Arm }}{{ .Arm }}{{ end }}
+    username: dev@wiretrustee.com
+    method: PUT
--- a/AGENTS.md
+++ b/AGENTS.md
@@ -14,20 +14,22 @@ in this file, not duplicated there.

 ## Contents

- [NetBird Agent Guidelines](#netbird-agent-guidelines)
-  - [Contents](#contents)
-  - [STOP and ask the user before](#stop-and-ask-the-user-before)
-  - [Quick reference](#quick-reference)
-  - [Structure](#structure)
-  - [Where to look](#where-to-look)
-  - [Repo-wide principles](#repo-wide-principles)
-  - [Error handling](#error-handling)
-  - [Comments](#comments)
-  - [Testing](#testing)
-  - [Pitfalls](#pitfalls)
-  - [Commits, PRs, releases](#commits-prs-releases)
-  - [After you push: CI and review bots](#after-you-push-ci-and-review-bots)
-  - [Discussion and support](#discussion-and-support)
+- [STOP and ask the user before](#stop-and-ask-the-user-before)
+- [Quick reference](#quick-reference)
+- [Structure](#structure)
+- [Where to look](#where-to-look)
+- [Security](#security)
+- [Agent conventions](#agent-conventions)
+- [Repo-wide principles](#repo-wide-principles)
+- [Type safety](#type-safety)
+- [Concurrency and lifecycle](#concurrency-and-lifecycle)
+- [Error handling](#error-handling)
+- [Comments](#comments)
+- [Testing](#testing)
+- [Pitfalls](#pitfalls)
+- [Commits, PRs, releases](#commits-prs-releases)
+- [After you push: CI and review bots](#after-you-push-ci-and-review-bots)
+- [Discussion and support](#discussion-and-support)

 ## STOP and ask the user before

@@ -157,11 +159,125 @@ netbird/
 | LLM routing / Agent Network | `proxy/internal/llm/`, `agent-network/`                      |
 | End-to-end tests            | `e2e/`                                                       |

+## Security
+
+### Never fail open
+
+When a security check — access control, an IP restriction, an auth decision —
+hits an error such as an unparseable value, an unavailable lookup, or a state it
+does not recognize, it must **deny**. Never skip the check or allow the request
+through because the check itself failed, and make the `default` and unknown cases
+of a security-related `switch` deny rather than fall through.
+
+### Daemon RPC input is untrusted
+
+The agent runs as root (LocalSystem on Windows), so a daemon RPC crosses a
+privilege boundary: treat every field as untrusted input rather than as something
+the UI or CLI validated on the way in.
+
+When you add or change an RPC, ask what the handler does with caller input while
+running as root. If the answer touches a filesystem path, a URL or host, or a
+privileged state change, it needs a gate **in the handler** — a check in the client
+that normally calls it is not a check at all.
+
+- **A caller-supplied path the daemon opens.** Never `os.Open` it as root.
+  Constrain it, then open it *as the caller* with `ipcauth.OpenOwnedFile`, which
+  opens `O_NOFOLLOW`, requires a regular file, and refuses a file the caller does
+  not own — so a symlink or hardlink aimed at a root-only file is rejected.
+- **A caller-supplied URL or host the daemon fetches.** Restrict the scheme and
+  allow only known hosts for unprivileged callers. Prefer a lexical host
+  allowlist plus TLS verification over "resolve the host, then reject private
+  IPs": the resolve-then-trust pattern has a DNS-rebinding race (public IP at
+  check time, attacker IP at connect time), while a name allowlist has no IP
+  check to race. Never accept `http://` where `https://` is expected.
+- **A privileged state change** (SSH root login, management URL, deregistration)
+  gates on the caller identity from `ipcauth.CallerIdentity(ctx)`.
+
+Caller identity comes from the kernel — `SO_PEERCRED`, `LOCAL_PEERCRED`, or the
+named-pipe client token — and never from an RPC field. When
+`ipcauth.CallerIdentity` reports that it could not determine an identity, **deny**;
+do not fall back to treating the caller as the transport peer.
+
+## Agent conventions
+
+### Three networking modes
+
+Where packets actually flow depends on the mode the agent is running in. The
+three are not interchangeable, so establish which one a change applies to — and
+what it should do in the other two — before you write it.
+
+- **kernel mode** (Linux only): in-kernel WireGuard®. The kernel handles both
+  peer-to-peer and routed traffic, and ACLs are iptables or nftables rules. The
+  client programs kernel facilities but never sees the traffic itself.
+- **userspace mode** (wireguard-go with a TUN): wireguard-go runs in-process. The
+  kernel handles peer-to-peer traffic once it leaves the TUN, while routed traffic
+  — exit nodes and network routes — goes through the userspace forwarder, which
+  terminates the connection and re-establishes it over OS sockets. Used on
+  platforms without kernel WireGuard® or when the user opts out.
+- **netstack mode**: wireguard-go in-process with no TUN and no kernel
+  networking. The forwarder does all routing by stitching userspace sockets, and
+  listeners such as the embedded SSH and DNS servers bind on a gVisor netstack.
+  Used where the process cannot create a TUN device, such as the embedded client
+  (`client/embed/`) and the WASM build.
+
+### The overlay interface is not "WireGuard"
+
+Do not put "WireGuard" in identifiers or comments unless the code is genuinely
+coupled to WireGuard® specifically — a wireguard-go call, a handshake field, a
+kernel WireGuard® netlink attribute. For the interface, the host, peers, or
+traffic in general, say "the NetBird interface", "the interface", or "the overlay".
+Most firewall, routing, and DNS code is transport-agnostic, so a WireGuard®
+reference there is simply inaccurate and rots as the transports change.
+
+### IPv6 is a soft feature
+
+The IPv6 overlay is opt-in dual-stack, and capability can change at runtime. Treat
+it as soft rather than a requirement:
+
+- Gate local v6 paths on the interface accessor (`wgIface.Address().HasIPv6()`),
+  not on raw state fields, and skip the v6 path when the host has no v6 rather
+  than returning an error.
+- Treat an empty or unparseable peer v6 address as "no v6 for that peer" and skip
+  it, keeping the v4 path working.
+- Never let a missing v6 break v4. Fail-closed is for security checks; a
+  capability mismatch skips the v6 work and carries on.
+
+### Environment variables
+
+Name the variable in a constant and parse booleans with `strconv.ParseBool` rather
+than comparing strings inline, so an unexpected value is logged instead of
+silently meaning false:
+
+```go
+const EnvDisableFeature = "NB_DISABLE_FEATURE"
+
+func isDisabledByEnv() bool {
+    val := os.Getenv(EnvDisableFeature)
+    if val == "" {
+        return false
+    }
+    disabled, err := strconv.ParseBool(val)
+    if err != nil {
+        log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvDisableFeature, err)
+        return false
+    }
+    return disabled
+}
+```
+
+### Validating against protocol specs
+
+When a change depends on what a protocol actually mandates, read the specification
+text from the [IETF datatracker](https://datatracker.ietf.org/) rather than a
+summary, and check that you have the current RFC — the widely cited one for a
+protocol is often superseded. Cite the section, not just the document, so a
+reviewer can jump straight to the rule.
+
 ## Repo-wide principles

 1. **Run `go fmt` on every modified Go file.** Formatting is not optional.
-2. **Zero unaddressed diagnostics.** Fix IDE and linter warnings on code you
-   touch, and delete imports, helpers, and parameters your refactor orphaned.
+2. **Zero unaddressed linter warnings.** Fix what `golangci-lint` reports on code
+   you touch, and delete imports, helpers, and parameters your refactor orphaned.
   Exception: unused parameters in shared code may be consumed by builds outside
   this repository — do not remove them, ask instead.
 3. **Function comments are mandatory for exported functions**, written as full
@@ -175,9 +291,12 @@ netbird/
 7. **Avoid LLM-slop tells:** em dashes, hedging narration, restating the diff in
   prose, trailing summaries. Defaults, not absolute bans. Applies to code,
   comments, commit messages, and PR descriptions alike.
-8. **Concurrency: do a two-pass race analysis after every change** that adds
-   shared state. Guard maps and slices with a mutex, keep critical sections
-   short, and run `go test -race` on the touched packages.
+8. **Concurrency: do a two-pass race analysis after every change** that touches
+   shared state, including reads of existing maps and slices. Guard them with a
+   mutex (or an atomic or channel where that fits better), keep critical
+   sections short, and run `go test -race` on the touched packages. See
+   [Concurrency and lifecycle](#concurrency-and-lifecycle) for the failure modes
+   to check for.
 9. **Cross-platform builds must keep working.** The agent targets Linux, macOS,
   Windows, FreeBSD, Android, and iOS. When you add a platform-specific file,
   add the counterpart or a build-tagged fallback for the others.
@@ -185,6 +304,93 @@ netbird/
 11. **Never log secrets** — private keys, setup keys, tokens, PAT values — and
    keep peer IPs and hostnames out of logs above debug level.

+## Type safety
+
+**No bare primitives for domain concepts.** A `string` parameter for an account
+ID next to a `string` parameter for a peer ID is two bugs waiting to happen,
+because the compiler cannot catch the swap. Declare the type once and use it
+throughout, converting only at the boundaries where data enters or leaves —
+protobuf, gRPC, HTTP, an external library.
+
+```go
+type ServiceID string
+type AccountID string
+
+// Internal: typed all the way through
+func (r *Router) RemoveRoute(host SNIHost, svcID ServiceID) { ... }
+
+// Proto boundary: convert once, on the way in and on the way out
+svcID := ServiceID(mapping.GetId())
+req.ServiceId = string(svcID)
+```
+
+- **IP addresses are `netip.Addr`**, not `string` and not `net.IP`. Parse at the
+  boundary and pass the typed value inward.
+- **Always `Unmap()`** after parsing an address, after converting from `net.IP`,
+  and after extracting one from `RemoteAddr()`. This normalizes a v4-mapped v6
+  address (`::ffff:10.1.2.3`) to plain v4 so IPv4 rules match it. A stored or
+  compared mapped address silently fails to match those rules.
+- **Ports are `uint16`** internally; use `int` only where a library forces it and
+  convert immediately.
+- **Enums are a typed string with constants**, so the valid set is discoverable
+  and a typo fails to compile.
+- **Map keys follow the same rule**, and must be a real type (`type ServiceID
+  string`) rather than an alias (`type serviceID = string`) — an alias silently
+  accepts bare strings.
+
+## Concurrency and lifecycle
+
+Beyond the mutex hygiene in the principles above, check for these failure
+modes.
+
+- **Never read a struct field inside a goroutine** when another goroutine may nil
+  or reassign it. Pass the value as a parameter, or capture it into a local before
+  launching. This matters most when `Stop()` nils a field without waiting for the
+  goroutine to finish.
+
+  ```go
+  go func(ifaceName string) {   // good: passed in, cannot be nilled underneath
+      m.Start(ctx, ifaceName)
+  }(iface.Name())
+  ```
+
+- **Never wait on a channel while holding a lock the sender needs.** Copy what you
+  need out from under the lock, release it, then wait.
+
+  ```go
+  func (m *Manager) Stop() {
+      m.mu.Lock()
+      cancel, done := m.cancel, m.done
+      m.mu.Unlock()
+      if cancel != nil {
+          cancel()
+          <-done
+      }
+  }
+  ```
+
+- **`Stop`/`Close` must be idempotent** — guard on an already-stopped flag or a
+  nil cancel — and must release the state they guarded. Clear maps and caches;
+  a cancelled goroutine holding a live map still pins that memory. Note that a
+  nil map only panics on writes; reads and iteration behave like an empty map,
+  so where post-close use must be rejected, check the stopped flag explicitly.
+- **Publish coupled state only after every fallible step succeeds.** When several
+  fields form an invariant, build them into locals and assign them to the receiver
+  at the end. Assigning as you go leaves the object half-initialized when a later
+  step fails, so a readiness predicate reports ready while a coupled field is nil.
+  If an earlier step already had an external side effect — a created chain, an
+  opened handle, an inserted rule — roll it back before returning the error.
+- **Clean up what you own on constructor error paths.** Once a constructor has
+  started something, every later error path must undo it: cancel a goroutine and
+  wait for it to exit, stop a ticker, close a watcher. The object is never
+  returned, so its `Close` will never run.
+- **A failed `Start` must undo everything it started.** When a component brings up
+  several subsystems in sequence — connection manager, watchers, routing, DNS,
+  flow, persisted state — a failure partway through has to tear down the ones
+  already running, not just close the handle the error came from. Put the
+  already-started guard *before* that teardown path, so a rejected second `Start`
+  cannot dismantle the one that is running.
+
 ## Error handling

 Use single-assignment form when the error is only needed inside the `if`:
@@ -248,6 +454,45 @@ Log the errors you choose not to act on:
 - Close errors may be ignored for read-only operations; log them at debug for
  writes.

+**Do not log and return the same error.** It gets reported twice, from two places,
+and the second reader cannot tell whether it happened once or twice. Return it and
+let the caller decide. The exception is an API handler that has already written a
+response. Internal helpers return errors rather than logging and swallowing them.
+
+**Never return a typed nil as an error.** A nil `*MyError` stored in an `error`
+interface is not nil, so `err != nil` is true and callers take the failure path on
+success. Return the error only where it is actually set:
+
+```go
+if _, err := conn.Write(buf); err != nil {   // good
+    return err
+}
+return nil
+```
+
+**Accumulate with `multierror` when an operation should continue past individual
+failures** — teardown, cleanup, or setup where partial success is acceptable.
+`client/errors.FormatErrorOrNil` returns nil for an empty accumulator, so callers
+still see a plain nil on full success:
+
+```go
+func (m *Manager) Cleanup() error {
+    var merr *multierror.Error
+    for _, r := range m.resources {
+        if err := r.Close(); err != nil {
+            merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("close %s: %w", r.Name, err))
+        }
+    }
+    return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+```
+
+| Scenario              | Approach              | Why                                       |
+| --------------------- | --------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
+| Cleanup / teardown    | Accumulate            | Clean up as much as possible              |
+| Setup with rollback   | Abort on first error  | Partial state is invalid; undo what stuck |
+| Setup with partial OK | Accumulate            | Degraded operation is still useful        |
+
 ## Comments

 Comment the **why**, never the **what**. Default to no comment, and add one only
@@ -269,10 +514,14 @@ checksum = updateChecksum(checksum, oldPort, newPort)

 ### Length budget

- **90 characters per line.** Wrap the comment, do not run past it.
- **250 characters per comment**, roughly three wrapped lines. Doc comments on
-  exported identifiers may exceed it when the API genuinely needs the
-  explanation; inline comments inside a function body may not.
+Neither of these is linter-enforced, so they are conventions the surrounding code
+mostly follows rather than hard limits:
+
+- **Around 90 characters per line.** Wrap the comment rather than running well past
+  it.
+- **Roughly 250 characters per comment**, about three wrapped lines. Doc comments
+  on exported identifiers may exceed it when the API genuinely needs the
+  explanation; inline comments inside a function body rarely should.

 The budget is a smell detector, not a rule to game. Do not compress a needed
 explanation into cryptic shorthand to fit — if a block of code needs more than
@@ -329,6 +578,19 @@ up, and the 250-character budget does not apply to them.
  otherwise.
 - **Message guidance:** optional for `NoError`/`Error`; always give context for
  comparison, boolean, and collection assertions.
+- **Reproduce a bug before fixing it.** Write the test, watch it fail *for the
+  reason you expect* — a test that fails for an unrelated reason proves nothing —
+  then apply the fix and confirm it passes. Add the thin surrounding cases while
+  you are there.
+- **Use `t.Setenv`** rather than `os.Setenv` so the previous value is restored on
+  cleanup. To test the unset case, call `t.Setenv` first to register the restore,
+  then `os.Unsetenv`.
+- **Prefer `t.Cleanup` over `defer`** in any test with parallel subtests: the
+  parent function returns, running its `defer`s, while parallel subtests are
+  still suspended. Sequential subtests finish inside `t.Run`, so `defer` is safe
+  there, but `t.Cleanup` works in both cases.
+- **Explanatory comments in tests are welcome.** Describe the scenario being set
+  up; the comment budget below does not apply to them.

 ```go
 server, err := StartTestServer()
@@ -380,7 +642,8 @@ assert.Equal(t, expectedResult, result, "Result should match expected")
  than replacing it with your own summary: describe the change, link the issue,
  tick the checklist honestly (including "ran locally" and "single purpose"),
  and complete the documentation section. Do not tick a box you have not
-  verified, and do not delete rows that do not apply.
+  verified, and do not delete rows that do not apply — the docs gate in CI reads
+  that section and fails when it is missing.

 - **Keep the PR description short.** Under 1000 words on top of the template's
  own text, and usually far less — a few paragraphs. Reviewers read the diff;
@@ -439,6 +702,12 @@ assert.Equal(t, expectedResult, result, "Result should match expected")
  on their own. Propose that split to the user rather than opening one large PR
  and hoping.

+  Prefer GitHub's stacked pull requests for such a sequence, rather than
+  hand-managing base branches: open each PR against the branch below it instead of
+  `main`, so every PR's diff shows only its own change. Merging a layer retargets
+  the PRs above it, and branch protections and required checks on the base branch
+  still apply to each one.
+
 - **User-facing changes need a docs PR** in
  [netbirdio/docs](https://github.com/netbirdio/docs), linked from the PR
  description.
--- a/client/android/client.go
+++ b/client/android/client.go
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/stdnet"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/formatter"
@@ -82,6 +83,14 @@ type Client struct {
 	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient
 	config        *profilemanager.Config
 	cacheDir      string
+
+	// mdmLoader holds the per-Client MDM policy source. Set by
+	// SetMDMPolicyFetcher (called from the Kotlin side). Each Run
+	// passes this loader to the resolved Config so applyMDMPolicy
+	// picks up the active overlay. Nil means "MDM enforcement off
+	// for this Client".
+	mdmLoader *mdm.Loader
+
 	// Identifies the running profile for the SSO login hint; see profile_state.go.
 	cfgPath string

@@ -167,6 +176,7 @@ func (c *Client) Run(platformFiles PlatformFiles, urlOpener URLOpener, isAndroid
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 	c.recorder.UpdateManagementAddress(cfg.ManagementURL.String())
 	c.recorder.UpdateRosenpass(cfg.RosenpassEnabled, cfg.RosenpassPermissive)

@@ -216,6 +226,7 @@ func (c *Client) RunWithoutLogin(platformFiles PlatformFiles, dns *DNSList, dnsR
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 	c.recorder.UpdateManagementAddress(cfg.ManagementURL.String())
 	c.recorder.UpdateRosenpass(cfg.RosenpassEnabled, cfg.RosenpassPermissive)

@@ -291,6 +302,7 @@ func (c *Client) DebugBundle(platformFiles PlatformFiles, anonymize bool) (strin
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", fmt.Errorf("load config: %w", err)
 		}
+		c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 		cacheDir = platformFiles.CacheDir()
 	}

--- a/client/android/mdm.go
+++ b/client/android/mdm.go
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+//go:build android
+
+package android
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
+)
+
+// PolicyFetcher is the mobile-side bridge for the MDM managed-config
+// snapshot. The native layer (Kotlin) implements this and registers
+// the instance per Client via Client.SetMDMPolicyFetcher. Every
+// invocation of fetchJSON must read the current RestrictionsManager
+// state and return the result as a JSON-encoded map[string]any string.
+//
+// JSON is used because gomobile does not support map[string]any
+// crossing the JNI boundary — the adapter on the Go side parses the
+// string back into the map[string]any expected by mdm.Loader.
+//
+// Return value contract:
+//   - "" (empty)         : interpreted as "no MDM source / no managed keys"
+//   - "{}"               : managed config explicitly empty
+//   - "{...}"            : JSON object with key/value pairs
+//   - malformed JSON     : logged and treated as empty
+type PolicyFetcher interface {
+	FetchJSON() string
+}
+
+// jsonFetcherAdapter wraps a gomobile-exposed PolicyFetcher into the
+// internal mdm.PolicyFetcher interface, taking care of JSON decoding
+// on every Fetch.
+type jsonFetcherAdapter struct {
+	inner PolicyFetcher
+}
+
+func (a *jsonFetcherAdapter) Fetch() map[string]any {
+	raw := a.inner.FetchJSON()
+	if raw == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var out map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &out); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("MDM mobile fetcher: invalid JSON payload from native: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// SetMDMPolicyFetcher registers the native-provided MDM policy fetcher
+// on this Client. Call once from the gomobile-init code (Kotlin
+// Application.onCreate or Service onCreate) before invoking Run /
+// RunWithoutLogin. Passing nil disables MDM enforcement on this
+// Client.
+//
+// The fetcher is held as a *mdm.Loader instance on the Client (no
+// package-level state) — multiple Clients in the same process get
+// independent Loaders, and tests can inject fakes per Client.
+func (c *Client) SetMDMPolicyFetcher(p PolicyFetcher) {
+	if p == nil {
+		c.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(nil)
+		return
+	}
+	c.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(&jsonFetcherAdapter{inner: p})
+}
+
+// applyMDMOverlay applies the Client-held MDM Loader's current policy
+// on top of the just-read Config. Called immediately after every
+// UpdateOrCreateConfig — profilemanager's apply() initialises the
+// policy to empty and leaves overlay responsibility to the lifecycle
+// owner. No-op when no fetcher was registered.
+func (c *Client) applyMDMOverlay(cfg *profilemanager.Config) {
+	if cfg == nil || c.mdmLoader == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	cfg.ApplyMDMPolicy(c.mdmLoader.Load())
+}
--- a/client/cmd/login.go
+++ b/client/cmd/login.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/auth"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
@@ -332,6 +333,11 @@ func doForegroundLogin(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, setupKey string,
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("read config file %s: %v", configFilePath, err)
 	}
+	// CLI standalone login: profilemanager no longer auto-applies MDM,
+	// so layer in the OS-native policy here. Desktop builds construct
+	// a Loader with no fetcher — the build-tagged loadPlatform reads
+	// the registry/plist directly.
+	config.ApplyMDMPolicy(mdm.NewLoader(nil).Load())

 	// Mirror runInForegroundMode: recover residual state (DNS, firewall,
 	// ssh config, legacy routing) from a previous unclean shutdown and
--- a/client/cmd/up.go
+++ b/client/cmd/up.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/net"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
@@ -228,6 +229,10 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, activeProf *pr
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("get config file: %v", err)
 	}
+	// CLI foreground path runs without the daemon Server: layer in the
+	// active MDM policy explicitly so a forced ManagementURL / PSK /
+	// other managed key actually takes effect on this run.
+	config.ApplyMDMPolicy(mdm.NewLoader(nil).Load())

 	_, _ = profilemanager.UpdateOldManagementURL(ctx, config, configFilePath)

--- a/client/embed/embed.go
+++ b/client/embed/embed.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/auth"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 	sshcommon "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ssh"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/shared/management/domain"
@@ -215,6 +216,10 @@ func New(opts Options) (*Client, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create config: %w", err)
 	}
+	// Embedded path runs without the daemon Server: apply the active
+	// MDM policy explicitly so a forced ManagementURL / PSK / other
+	// managed key takes effect on this embedded engine instance.
+	config.ApplyMDMPolicy(mdm.NewLoader(nil).Load())

 	if opts.PrivateKey != "" {
 		config.PrivateKey = opts.PrivateKey
--- a/client/firewall/firewalld/firewalld.go
+++ b/client/firewall/firewalld/firewalld.go
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 // its wg interface into firewalld's "trusted" zone. This is required because
 // firewalld's nftables chains are created with NFT_CHAIN_OWNER on recent
 // versions, which returns EPERM to any other process that tries to insert
-// rules into them. The workaround mirrors what Tailscale does: let firewalld
-// itself add the accept rules to its own chains by trusting the interface.
+// rules into them. Trusting the interface makes firewalld itself add the
+// accept rules to its own chains instead.
 package firewalld

 // TrustedZone is the firewalld zone name used for interfaces whose traffic
--- a/client/internal/profilemanager/config.go
+++ b/client/internal/profilemanager/config.go
@@ -58,10 +58,6 @@ var DefaultInterfaceBlacklist = []string{
 	"Tailscale", "tailscale", "docker", "veth", "br-", "lo",
 }

-// loadMDMPolicy is the package-level indirection used by apply() to read the
-// active MDM policy. Tests override this to inject a fake policy.
-var loadMDMPolicy = mdm.LoadPolicy
-
 // ConfigInput carries configuration changes to the client
 type ConfigInput struct {
 	ManagementURL                 string
@@ -186,14 +182,27 @@ type Config struct {

 	MTU uint16

-	// policy is the MDM policy that produced the currently-set values for
-	// any MDM-enforced fields. Set by applyMDMPolicy at the tail of apply()
-	// and reset on every apply() invocation. Never persisted to disk.
-	// Callers query enforcement state via Policy() and the mdm.Policy API
-	// (HasKey, ManagedKeys, IsEmpty).
+	// policy is the MDM policy that produced the currently-set values
+	// for any MDM-enforced fields. Set by ApplyMDMPolicy on every
+	// invocation. Never persisted to disk. Callers query enforcement
+	// state via Policy() and the mdm.Policy API (HasKey, ManagedKeys,
+	// IsEmpty).
 	policy *mdm.Policy `json:"-"`
 }

+// ApplyMDMPolicy overlays the supplied MDM Policy on top of the
+// currently resolved Config values. Idempotent — pass an empty Policy
+// to clear any prior overlay. The lifecycle owner (Server.getConfig
+// on desktop, the Client.Run path on mobile) calls this with
+// loader.Load() once the per-process Loader is known; the Config
+// itself holds no reference to the Loader.
+func (config *Config) ApplyMDMPolicy(policy *mdm.Policy) {
+	if config == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	config.applyMDMPolicy(policy)
+}
+
 // Policy returns the MDM policy applied to this Config. Returns a non-nil
 // empty Policy when MDM enforcement is inactive; callers can always invoke
 // HasKey / ManagedKeys / IsEmpty without a nil check.
@@ -650,9 +659,11 @@ func (config *Config) apply(input ConfigInput) (updated bool, err error) {
 		updated = true
 	}

-	// MDM is the last override layer: any key present in the policy
-	// supersedes defaults, on-disk config, env vars and CLI input.
-	config.applyMDMPolicy(loadMDMPolicy())
+	// Initialise the MDM overlay to "no enforcement" so Config.Policy()
+	// never returns a stale or nil policy on a freshly applied Config.
+	// Lifecycle owners that want to enforce a real MDM policy invoke
+	// Config.ApplyMDMPolicy(loader.Load()) after this returns.
+	config.applyMDMPolicy(mdm.NewPolicy(nil))

 	return updated, nil
 }
--- a/client/internal/profilemanager/config_mdm_test.go
+++ b/client/internal/profilemanager/config_mdm_test.go
@@ -10,24 +10,58 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 )

-// withMDMPolicy temporarily overrides the package-level loadMDMPolicy hook so
-// apply() observes the supplied Policy. The original loader is restored at
-// test cleanup.
-func withMDMPolicy(t *testing.T, policy *mdm.Policy) {
+// fakeFetcher implements mdm.PolicyFetcher returning a pre-set policy
+// map. Test helper used to construct a Loader without touching the OS
+// or any package-level state.
+type fakeFetcher struct{ values map[string]any }
+
+func (f *fakeFetcher) Fetch() map[string]any { return f.values }
+
+// loaderFor builds an mdm.Loader whose loadPlatform returns the
+// supplied Policy's underlying values.
+func loaderFor(policy *mdm.Policy) *mdm.Loader {
+	if policy == nil || policy.IsEmpty() {
+		return mdm.NewLoader(&fakeFetcher{values: nil})
+	}
+	values := make(map[string]any)
+	for _, k := range policy.ManagedKeys() {
+		if v, ok := policy.GetString(k); ok {
+			values[k] = v
+			continue
+		}
+		if v, ok := policy.GetBool(k); ok {
+			values[k] = v
+			continue
+		}
+		if v, ok := policy.GetInt(k); ok {
+			values[k] = v
+			continue
+		}
+		if v, ok := policy.GetStringSlice(k); ok {
+			values[k] = v
+		}
+	}
+	return mdm.NewLoader(&fakeFetcher{values: values})
+}
+
+// configWithMDM is the test convenience that builds a Config via
+// UpdateOrCreateConfig and overlays the supplied MDM policy on top —
+// mirrors the production pattern (Server.getConfig / Client.applyMDMOverlay)
+// where the Loader lives outside Config and the apply step is driven
+// by the lifecycle owner.
+func configWithMDM(t *testing.T, input ConfigInput, policy *mdm.Policy) *Config {
 	t.Helper()
-	prev := loadMDMPolicy
-	loadMDMPolicy = func() *mdm.Policy { return policy }
-	t.Cleanup(func() { loadMDMPolicy = prev })
+	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(input)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
+	cfg.ApplyMDMPolicy(loaderFor(policy).Load())
+	return cfg
 }

 func TestApply_MDMEmpty_NoEnforcement(t *testing.T) {
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))
-
-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
 		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))

 	assert.True(t, cfg.Policy().IsEmpty(), "no MDM source ⇒ empty Policy")
 	assert.False(t, cfg.Policy().HasKey(mdm.KeyManagementURL))
@@ -39,18 +73,15 @@ func TestApply_MDMEmpty_NoEnforcement(t *testing.T) {

 func TestApply_MDMOnly_OverridesDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 	const mdmURL = "https://corp.mdm.example.com:443"
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
+		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL:       mdmURL,
 		mdm.KeyDisableClientRoutes: true,
 		mdm.KeyBlockInbound:        true,
 	}))

-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
-		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
 	assert.Equal(t, mdmURL, cfg.ManagementURL.String())
 	assert.True(t, cfg.DisableClientRoutes)
 	assert.True(t, cfg.BlockInbound)
@@ -65,16 +96,12 @@ func TestApply_MDMBeatsCLIInput(t *testing.T) {
 	const mdmURL = "https://mdm.example.com:443"
 	const cliURL = "https://cli.example.com:443"

-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
-		mdm.KeyManagementURL: mdmURL,
-	}))
-
-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
 		ConfigPath:    filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
 		ManagementURL: cliURL,
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+		mdm.KeyManagementURL: mdmURL,
+	}))

 	// MDM wins over CLI-supplied management URL.
 	assert.Equal(t, mdmURL, cfg.ManagementURL.String())
@@ -82,16 +109,12 @@ func TestApply_MDMBeatsCLIInput(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestApply_MDMInvalidURL_KeepsPreviousValue(t *testing.T) {
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
+		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL: "not-a-url",
 	}))

-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
-		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
 	// Invalid MDM URL is logged and skipped: default URL stays in place
 	// to keep the client functional.
 	assert.Equal(t, DefaultManagementURL, cfg.ManagementURL.String())
@@ -106,24 +129,20 @@ func TestApply_MDMBoolKeysOverrideOnDiskValue(t *testing.T) {
 	tmp := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json")

 	// Seed without MDM.
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))
-	_, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
+	configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
 		ConfigPath:          tmp,
 		DisableClientRoutes: boolPtr(false),
 		RosenpassEnabled:    boolPtr(false),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))

 	// Now enable MDM enforcement for these keys.
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
+		ConfigPath: tmp,
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyDisableClientRoutes: true,
 		mdm.KeyRosenpassEnabled:    true,
 	}))

-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{ConfigPath: tmp})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
 	assert.True(t, cfg.DisableClientRoutes, "MDM override should flip on-disk false to true")
 	assert.True(t, cfg.RosenpassEnabled)
 	assert.True(t, cfg.Policy().HasKey(mdm.KeyDisableClientRoutes))
@@ -145,16 +164,12 @@ func TestApply_MDMLazyConnection(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		t.Run(c.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+			cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
+				ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
+			}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 				mdm.KeyLazyConnection: c.raw,
 			}))

-			cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
-				ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
-			})
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-			require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
 			assert.Equal(t, c.want, cfg.LazyConnection)
 			assert.True(t, cfg.Policy().HasKey(mdm.KeyLazyConnection))
 		})
@@ -164,16 +179,12 @@ func TestApply_MDMLazyConnection(t *testing.T) {
 func TestApply_MDMPreSharedKeyRedactionSentinelRejected(t *testing.T) {
 	const maskSentinel = "**********"

-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	cfg := configWithMDM(t, ConfigInput{
+		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
+	}, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyPreSharedKey: maskSentinel,
 	}))

-	cfg, err := UpdateOrCreateConfig(ConfigInput{
-		ConfigPath: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json"),
-	})
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	require.NotNil(t, cfg)
-
 	// Mask sentinel must not be persisted as the actual PSK.
 	assert.NotEqual(t, maskSentinel, cfg.PreSharedKey)
 	// Key still marked managed so user writes are still rejected.
--- a/client/ios/NetBirdSDK/client.go
+++ b/client/ios/NetBirdSDK/client.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/listener"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/formatter"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
@@ -82,6 +83,13 @@ type Client struct {
 	// preloadedConfig holds config loaded from JSON (used on tvOS where file writes are blocked)
 	preloadedConfig *profilemanager.Config

+	// mdmLoader holds the per-Client MDM policy source. Set by
+	// SetMDMPolicyFetcher (called from the Swift side at extension
+	// init). Each Run passes this loader to the resolved Config so
+	// applyMDMPolicy picks up the active overlay. Nil means "MDM
+	// enforcement off for this Client".
+	mdmLoader *mdm.Loader
+
 	stateMu       sync.RWMutex
 	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient
 	config        *profilemanager.Config
@@ -142,6 +150,7 @@ func (c *Client) Run(fd int32, interfaceName string, envList *EnvList) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 	}
 	c.recorder.UpdateManagementAddress(cfg.ManagementURL.String())
 	c.recorder.UpdateRosenpass(cfg.RosenpassEnabled, cfg.RosenpassPermissive)
@@ -220,6 +229,7 @@ func (c *Client) DebugBundle(anonymize bool) (string, error) {
 				return "", fmt.Errorf("load config: %w", err)
 			}
 		}
+		c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 	}

 	deps := debug.GeneratorDependencies{
@@ -369,6 +379,7 @@ func (c *Client) IsLoginRequired() bool {
 			// If we can't load config, assume login is required
 			return true
 		}
+		c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)
 	}

 	if cfg == nil {
@@ -417,6 +428,7 @@ func (c *Client) LoginForMobile() string {
 		log.Errorf("LoginForMobile: failed to load config: %v", err)
 		return fmt.Sprintf("failed to load config: %v", err)
 	}
+	c.applyMDMOverlay(cfg)

 	oAuthFlow, err := auth.NewOAuthFlow(ctx, cfg, false, false, "")
 	if err != nil {
--- a/client/ios/NetBirdSDK/mdm.go
+++ b/client/ios/NetBirdSDK/mdm.go
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+//go:build ios
+
+package NetBirdSDK
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/profilemanager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/mdm"
+)
+
+// PolicyFetcher is the mobile-side bridge for the MDM managed-config
+// snapshot. The native layer (Swift) implements this and registers
+// the instance per Client via Client.SetMDMPolicyFetcher. Every
+// invocation of fetchJSON must read the current
+// UserDefaults.standard.dictionary(forKey: "com.apple.configuration.managed")
+// and return the result as a JSON-encoded map[string]any string.
+//
+// JSON is used because gomobile does not support map[string]any
+// crossing the Objective-C boundary — the adapter on the Go side
+// parses the string back into the map[string]any expected by
+// mdm.Loader.
+//
+// Return value contract:
+//   - "" (empty)         : interpreted as "no MDM source / no managed keys"
+//   - "{}"               : managed config explicitly empty
+//   - "{...}"            : JSON object with key/value pairs
+//   - malformed JSON     : logged and treated as empty
+type PolicyFetcher interface {
+	FetchJSON() string
+}
+
+// jsonFetcherAdapter wraps a gomobile-exposed PolicyFetcher into the
+// internal mdm.PolicyFetcher interface, taking care of JSON decoding
+// on every Fetch.
+type jsonFetcherAdapter struct {
+	inner PolicyFetcher
+}
+
+func (a *jsonFetcherAdapter) Fetch() map[string]any {
+	raw := a.inner.FetchJSON()
+	if raw == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var out map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &out); err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("MDM mobile fetcher: invalid JSON payload from native: %v", err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// SetMDMPolicyFetcher registers the native-provided MDM policy fetcher
+// on this Client. Call once from the gomobile-init code (Swift
+// AppDelegate / PacketTunnelProvider.startTunnel) before invoking Run.
+// Passing nil disables MDM enforcement on this Client.
+//
+// The fetcher is held as a *mdm.Loader instance on the Client (no
+// package-level state) — multiple Clients in the same process get
+// independent Loaders, and tests can inject fakes per Client.
+func (c *Client) SetMDMPolicyFetcher(p PolicyFetcher) {
+	if p == nil {
+		c.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(nil)
+		return
+	}
+	c.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(&jsonFetcherAdapter{inner: p})
+}
+
+// applyMDMOverlay applies the Client-held MDM Loader's current policy
+// on top of the just-read Config. Called immediately after every
+// UpdateOrCreateConfig / DirectUpdateOrCreateConfig — profilemanager's
+// apply() initialises the policy to empty and leaves overlay
+// responsibility to the lifecycle owner. No-op when no fetcher was
+// registered.
+func (c *Client) applyMDMOverlay(cfg *profilemanager.Config) {
+	if cfg == nil || c.mdmLoader == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	cfg.ApplyMDMPolicy(c.mdmLoader.Load())
+}
--- a/client/mdm/policy.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy.go
@@ -104,16 +104,48 @@ func NewPolicy(values map[string]any) *Policy {
 	return &Policy{values: values}
 }

-// LoadPolicy reads the platform-native MDM configuration. Returns an
-// empty (but non-nil) Policy when no source is present, the source is
-// empty, or the platform is unsupported.
+// PolicyFetcher is implemented by mobile platforms (Android / iOS) that
+// push the OS-managed configuration into the Go runtime instead of
+// having Go read an on-disk source directly. Desktop platforms ignore
+// this interface — Loader.loadPlatform on windows/darwin reads the
+// registry / plist on its own. A Loader constructed with a non-nil
+// fetcher delegates to it on mobile; passing nil disables MDM
+// enforcement (loadPlatform returns nil values).
+type PolicyFetcher interface {
+	Fetch() map[string]any
+}
+
+// Loader is the DI-friendly entry point for reading the active MDM
+// policy. Construct one at the daemon's lifecycle owner (Server on
+// desktop, gomobile-exposed bridge on mobile) and pass it to anything
+// that needs to read MDM state (the reload ticker, profilemanager's
+// Config). Each callsite has the Loader handed in instead of looking
+// up package-level state.
+type Loader struct {
+	fetcher PolicyFetcher
+}
+
+// NewLoader constructs a Loader. The fetcher is consulted only on
+// mobile builds (ios || android); on desktop it is unused but accepted
+// to keep a single constructor signature across platforms — pass nil
+// on desktop.
+func NewLoader(f PolicyFetcher) *Loader {
+	return &Loader{fetcher: f}
+}
+
+// Load reads the platform-native MDM configuration and returns a
+// Policy. Returns an empty (but non-nil) Policy when no source is
+// present, the source is empty, or the platform is unsupported.
 //
 // Diagnostic logging differentiates the three states:
 //   - source absent / unsupported platform: trace log only
 //   - source present, zero keys:             info "MDM enrolled (no managed keys)"
 //   - source present, N keys:                info "MDM enrolled with N managed keys: [...]"
-func LoadPolicy() *Policy {
-	values, err := loadPlatformPolicy()
+func (l *Loader) Load() *Policy {
+	if l == nil {
+		return &Policy{values: map[string]any{}}
+	}
+	values, err := l.loadPlatform()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Tracef("MDM policy load: %v", err)
 		return &Policy{values: map[string]any{}}
--- a/client/mdm/policy_darwin.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy_darwin.go
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@ import (
 // writable plist, as a defense against tampered installs.
 const policyPlistPath = "/Library/Managed Preferences/io.netbird.client.plist"

-// loadPlatformPolicy reads the MDM-managed configuration from the macOS
-// managed-preferences plist at policyPlistPath. Returns:
+// loadPlatform reads the MDM-managed configuration from the macOS
+// managed-preferences plist at policyPlistPath. The Loader's fetcher
+// field is unused on this platform — the plist is the authoritative
+// source. Returns:
 //   - (nil, nil)  when the plist is absent (device not MDM-enrolled for
 //     NetBird, or admin has not yet pushed a payload)
 //   - (map, nil)  with N entries when N managed values are present
@@ -39,7 +41,13 @@ const policyPlistPath = "/Library/Managed Preferences/io.netbird.client.plist"
 // skipped so a stray entry in the payload does not block startup.
 // Native plist value types map naturally onto the Policy accessor
 // expectations (GetString / GetBool / GetInt / GetStringSlice).
-func loadPlatformPolicy() (map[string]any, error) {
+func (l *Loader) loadPlatform() (map[string]any, error) {
+	// Honour the injected fetcher when present so tests (and any
+	// future non-macOS MDM channel) can short-circuit the plist read
+	// with a scripted policy.
+	if l != nil && l.fetcher != nil {
+		return l.fetcher.Fetch(), nil
+	}
 	f, err := os.Open(policyPlistPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
--- a/client/mdm/policy_mobile.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy_mobile.go
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@

 package mdm

-// loadPlatformPolicy is unused on mobile: the native layer (Swift on iOS,
-// Kotlin/Java on Android) reads the OS managed-config store and pushes the
-// resulting dictionary in-process via a gomobile entry point that lands in
-// Phase 5 / Phase 6. The stub keeps the package compilable for mobile
-// builds and returns (nil, nil) — the platform-absent sentinel that
-// LoadPolicy in policy.go treats as "no MDM source present".
-func loadPlatformPolicy() (map[string]any, error) {
-	//nolint:nilnil // (nil, nil) is the documented platform-absent sentinel; see LoadPolicy.
-	return nil, nil
+// loadPlatform reads the OS-managed configuration via the native
+// PolicyFetcher injected at Loader construction. Returns
+// (nil, nil) — the platform-absent sentinel that Loader.Load treats as
+// "no MDM source present" — when no fetcher was provided.
+func (l *Loader) loadPlatform() (map[string]any, error) {
+	if l == nil || l.fetcher == nil {
+		//nolint:nilnil // (nil, nil) is the documented platform-absent sentinel; see Loader.Load.
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	return l.fetcher.Fetch(), nil
 }
--- a/client/mdm/policy_other.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy_other.go
@@ -2,13 +2,17 @@

 package mdm

-// loadPlatformPolicy returns no policy on platforms without an MDM channel
-// (Linux, FreeBSD). MDM enforcement is off and the client behaves as if
-// the feature did not exist. Returns (nil, nil) — the platform-absent
-// sentinel the caller (LoadPolicy in policy.go) treats as "no MDM
-// source present"; an error here would just translate to the same
-// outcome with an extra log line.
-func loadPlatformPolicy() (map[string]any, error) {
-	//nolint:nilnil // (nil, nil) is the documented platform-absent sentinel; see LoadPolicy.
+// loadPlatform reads the MDM policy on platforms without a native MDM
+// channel (Linux, FreeBSD). When no fetcher was injected the policy is
+// (nil, nil) — the platform-absent sentinel that Loader.Load treats as
+// "MDM enforcement disabled". A non-nil fetcher takes precedence: it
+// is the test-seam used by unit tests to inject a scripted policy
+// without touching the OS, and the same hook supports any future
+// non-mobile OS that grows an out-of-band MDM channel.
+func (l *Loader) loadPlatform() (map[string]any, error) {
+	if l != nil && l.fetcher != nil {
+		return l.fetcher.Fetch(), nil
+	}
+	//nolint:nilnil // (nil, nil) is the documented platform-absent sentinel; see Loader.Load.
 	return nil, nil
 }
--- a/client/mdm/policy_test.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy_test.go
@@ -155,10 +155,12 @@ func TestPolicy_GetStringSlice(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }

-func TestLoadPolicy_PlatformStubReturnsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
-	// loadPlatformPolicy is a stub on every OS for Phase 1. LoadPolicy must
-	// degrade gracefully and never return nil.
-	p := LoadPolicy()
+func TestLoader_NilFetcherReturnsEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	// Loader.Load with no fetcher (desktop construction) must degrade
+	// gracefully and never return nil; on linux loadPlatform is a stub
+	// returning (nil, nil), and Load is expected to translate that
+	// into a non-nil empty Policy.
+	p := NewLoader(nil).Load()
 	require.NotNil(t, p)
 	assert.True(t, p.IsEmpty())
 	assert.Empty(t, p.ManagedKeys())
--- a/client/mdm/policy_windows.go
+++ b/client/mdm/policy_windows.go
@@ -61,8 +61,10 @@ func readRegistryValue(k registry.Key, name, canonical string, out map[string]an
 	}
 }

-// loadPlatformPolicy reads the MDM-managed configuration from the
-// Windows registry under HKLM\Software\Policies\NetBird. Returns:
+// loadPlatform reads the MDM-managed configuration from the Windows
+// registry under HKLM\Software\Policies\NetBird. The Loader's fetcher
+// field is unused on this platform — the registry is the
+// authoritative source. Returns:
 //   - (nil, nil)  when the key is absent (device not MDM-enrolled for NetBird)
 //   - (map, nil)  with N entries when N managed values are set (N may be 0)
 //   - (nil, err)  on open / enumerate registry errors
@@ -70,7 +72,13 @@ func readRegistryValue(k registry.Key, name, canonical string, out map[string]an
 // Per-value type coercion + skip-on-error is delegated to
 // readRegistryValue. Unknown value names are logged and skipped so a
 // malformed deployment does not block startup.
-func loadPlatformPolicy() (map[string]any, error) {
+func (l *Loader) loadPlatform() (map[string]any, error) {
+	// Honour the injected fetcher when present so tests (and any
+	// future non-Windows MDM channel) can short-circuit the registry
+	// read with a scripted policy.
+	if l != nil && l.fetcher != nil {
+		return l.fetcher.Fetch(), nil
+	}
 	k, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, policyRegistryPath, registry.QUERY_VALUE)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, registry.ErrNotExist) {
--- a/client/mdm/ticker.go
+++ b/client/mdm/ticker.go
@@ -15,33 +15,33 @@ import (
 // instead, hence anticipating the ticker mechanism entirely.
 const DefaultReloadInterval = 1 * time.Minute

-// policyLoader is the indirection through which the ticker reads the
-// OS-native policy, both for the initial observation and on every tick.
-// Production points it at LoadPolicy; tests in this package override it to
-// feed a scripted sequence of policies without touching the real OS store.
-var policyLoader = LoadPolicy
-
-// Ticker periodically re-reads the OS-native MDM policy via LoadPolicy and
-// invokes the onChange callback (supplied to Run) whenever the observed
-// Policy diverges from the last observation (added / removed / changed
-// keys). Launch with Run from a goroutine; cancel the supplied context
-// to stop.
+// Ticker periodically re-reads the OS-native MDM policy via the
+// injected Loader and invokes the onChange callback (supplied to Run)
+// whenever the observed Policy diverges from the last observation
+// (added / removed / changed keys). Launch with Run from a goroutine;
+// cancel the supplied context to stop.
 type Ticker struct {
 	interval time.Duration
+	loader   *Loader
 	prev     *Policy
 }

 // NewTicker constructs a Ticker that will re-read the OS-native policy
-// every reloadInterval once Run is called.
-// The initial snapshot is populated by calling policyLoader at
+// every reloadInterval once Run is called. The Loader is injected so
+// the ticker doesn't depend on any package-level state — production
+// passes the daemon-owned Loader, tests pass a fake Loader (built with
+// a fake PolicyFetcher).
+//
+// The initial snapshot is populated by calling loader.Load() at
 // construction time so the first tick only fires
 // onChange when the policy actually changed since boot — without
 // this baseline the first tick would report every currently-managed
 // key as "added" and trigger a spurious engine restart.
-func NewTicker(reloadInterval time.Duration) *Ticker {
+func NewTicker(reloadInterval time.Duration, loader *Loader) *Ticker {
 	return &Ticker{
 		interval: reloadInterval,
-		prev:     policyLoader(),
+		loader:   loader,
+		prev:     loader.Load(),
 	}
 }

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func (t *Ticker) Run(ctx context.Context, onChange func(prev, curr *Policy) erro
 			log.Info("MDM policy reload ticker stopped")
 			return
 		case <-tk.C:
-			curr := policyLoader()
+			curr := t.loader.Load()
 			if policiesEqual(t.prev, curr) {
 				continue
 			}
--- a/client/mdm/ticker_test.go
+++ b/client/mdm/ticker_test.go
@@ -13,28 +13,40 @@ import (
 // testReloadInterval for speeding up the ticker cadence under `go test`
 const testReloadInterval = 1 * time.Second

-// withPolicyLoader overrides the package-level policyLoader for the duration
-// of the test so the ticker observes a scripted policy instead of the real
-// OS-native store. The original loader is restored on cleanup.
-func withPolicyLoader(t *testing.T, fn func() *Policy) {
-	t.Helper()
-	prev := policyLoader
-	policyLoader = fn
-	t.Cleanup(func() { policyLoader = prev })
+// fakePolicyFetcher implements PolicyFetcher returning a scripted
+// policy map. Goroutine-safe so the test can mutate the script while
+// the ticker is observing it.
+type fakePolicyFetcher struct {
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	values map[string]any
+}
+
+func (f *fakePolicyFetcher) Fetch() map[string]any {
+	f.mu.Lock()
+	defer f.mu.Unlock()
+	if f.values == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make(map[string]any, len(f.values))
+	for k, v := range f.values {
+		out[k] = v
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func (f *fakePolicyFetcher) set(values map[string]any) {
+	f.mu.Lock()
+	defer f.mu.Unlock()
+	f.values = values
 }

 func TestTicker_FiresOnChangeWithDelta(t *testing.T) {
-	var mu sync.Mutex
-	current := NewPolicy(nil) // initial observation: empty (no enforcement)
-	withPolicyLoader(t, func() *Policy {
-		mu.Lock()
-		defer mu.Unlock()
-		return current
-	})
+	fetcher := &fakePolicyFetcher{} // initial observation: empty (no enforcement)
+	loader := NewLoader(fetcher)

 	type change struct{ prev, curr *Policy }
 	changes := make(chan change, 1)
-	tk := NewTicker(testReloadInterval)
+	tk := NewTicker(testReloadInterval, loader)
 	require.Equal(t, testReloadInterval, tk.interval)

 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
@@ -49,15 +61,13 @@ func TestTicker_FiresOnChangeWithDelta(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 		close(done)
 	}()
-	// Stop Run and wait for it to exit before returning, so the policyLoader
-	// restore in t.Cleanup can't race the ticker goroutine still reading it.
+	// Stop Run and wait for it to exit before returning, so the test
+	// goroutine doesn't race the still-running ticker.
 	defer func() { cancel(); <-done }()

-	// Flip the OS-observed policy from empty to one managed key. The next
-	// tick must detect the diff and invoke onChange.
-	mu.Lock()
-	current = NewPolicy(map[string]any{KeyManagementURL: "https://mdm.example.com:443"})
-	mu.Unlock()
+	// Flip the OS-observed policy from empty to one managed key. The
+	// next tick must detect the diff and invoke onChange.
+	fetcher.set(map[string]any{KeyManagementURL: "https://mdm.example.com:443"})

 	select {
 	case c := <-changes:
@@ -69,12 +79,11 @@ func TestTicker_FiresOnChangeWithDelta(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestTicker_NoCallbackWhenPolicyUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
-	withPolicyLoader(t, func() *Policy {
-		return NewPolicy(map[string]any{KeyBlockInbound: true})
-	})
+	fetcher := &fakePolicyFetcher{values: map[string]any{KeyBlockInbound: true}}
+	loader := NewLoader(fetcher)

 	fired := make(chan struct{}, 1)
-	tk := NewTicker(testReloadInterval)
+	tk := NewTicker(testReloadInterval, loader)

 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	done := make(chan struct{})
@@ -90,8 +99,8 @@ func TestTicker_NoCallbackWhenPolicyUnchanged(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 	defer func() { cancel(); <-done }()

-	// Over ~2 ticks at the 1s test cadence the policy never changes, so the
-	// diff guard must suppress the callback entirely.
+	// Over ~2 ticks at the 1s test cadence the policy never changes,
+	// so the diff guard must suppress the callback entirely.
 	select {
 	case <-fired:
 		t.Fatal("onChange fired despite an unchanged policy")
--- a/client/server/mdm.go
+++ b/client/server/mdm.go
@@ -21,10 +21,6 @@ import (
 // a no-op echo, never as a conflict with the policy.
 const preSharedKeyRedactedSentinel = "**********"

-// loadMDMPolicy is the indirection used by server handlers to read the
-// active MDM policy. Tests override this to inject a fake policy.
-var loadMDMPolicy = mdm.LoadPolicy
-
 // conflictCheck is a value-aware comparison between a single field in
 // the incoming request and the corresponding MDM-enforced value. It
 // runs only when the field was actually set in the request (presence
--- a/client/server/server.go
+++ b/client/server/server.go
@@ -132,6 +132,15 @@ type Server struct {
 	// stopped by the rootCtx cancellation.
 	mdmTicker *mdm.Ticker

+	// mdmLoader is the daemon-owned source of the active MDM policy.
+	// Constructed once during Server.Start (with a nil PolicyFetcher on
+	// desktop — the build-tagged Loader.loadPlatform reads the OS
+	// registry / plist directly) and injected into every consumer:
+	// mdmTicker for its periodic reload, the SetConfig / Login MDM
+	// gates for conflict detection, and every Config produced via
+	// getConfig() so its apply() picks up the same overlay.
+	mdmLoader *mdm.Loader
+
 	updateManager *updater.Manager

 	jwtCache *jwtCache
@@ -213,8 +222,14 @@ func (s *Server) Start() error {
 	// Runs re-resolves Config (re-running profilemanager.Config.apply which
 	// applies the freshly-read MDM policy as the last layer) and brings
 	// the engine back with the new values.
+	if s.mdmLoader == nil {
+		// Desktop builds pass a nil PolicyFetcher: the Loader's
+		// build-tagged loadPlatform reads the OS source directly
+		// (registry on Windows, plist on macOS, no-op elsewhere).
+		s.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(nil)
+	}
 	if s.mdmTicker == nil {
-		s.mdmTicker = mdm.NewTicker(mdm.DefaultReloadInterval)
+		s.mdmTicker = mdm.NewTicker(mdm.DefaultReloadInterval, s.mdmLoader)
 		go s.mdmTicker.Run(s.rootCtx, s.onMDMPolicyChange)
 	}

@@ -459,7 +474,7 @@ func (s *Server) SetConfig(callerCtx context.Context, msg *proto.SetConfigReques
 	// by the active MDM policy. The error carries an MDMManagedFields-
 	// Violation detail listing the offending key names. Non-conflicting
 	// fields in the same request are not applied either.
-	policy := loadMDMPolicy()
+	policy := s.mdmLoader.Load()
 	if err := rejectMDMManagedFieldConflicts(mdmManagedFieldConflicts(msg, policy)); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -592,7 +607,7 @@ func (s *Server) Login(callerCtx context.Context, msg *proto.LoginRequest) (*pro
 		if s.checkUpdateSettingsDisabled() {
 			return nil, gstatus.Errorf(codes.Unavailable, errUpdateSettingsDisabled)
 		}
-		policy := loadMDMPolicy()
+		policy := s.mdmLoader.Load()
 		if err := rejectMDMManagedFieldConflicts(loginRequestMDMConflicts(msg, policy)); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -1385,6 +1400,12 @@ func (s *Server) getConfig(activeProf *profilemanager.ActiveProfileState) (*prof
 		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("failed to get config: %w", err)
 	}

+	// Apply the daemon-owned MDM policy on top of the just-resolved
+	// Config. profilemanager's apply() initialises the policy to
+	// empty — the Loader lives outside Config, so this overlay step
+	// is driven externally here.
+	config.ApplyMDMPolicy(s.mdmLoader.Load())
+
 	return config, configExisted, nil
 }

@@ -1434,6 +1455,9 @@ func (s *Server) logoutFromProfile(ctx context.Context, profile *profilemanager.
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("profile '%s' not found", profile.ID)
 	}
+	// Honour any MDM-enforced ManagementURL when issuing the logout
+	// RPC: the user-stored value may have been overridden by policy.
+	config.ApplyMDMPolicy(s.mdmLoader.Load())

 	return s.sendLogoutRequestWithConfig(ctx, config)
 }
@@ -2044,6 +2068,11 @@ func (s *Server) GetConfig(ctx context.Context, req *proto.GetConfigRequest) (*p
 		log.Errorf("failed to get active profile config: %v", err)
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get active profile config: %w", err)
 	}
+	// Overlay the active MDM policy so the response's MDMManagedFields
+	// list reflects what the GUI / CLI must render as read-only.
+	// profilemanager.GetConfig itself returns a Config without the
+	// overlay (Loader lives outside profilemanager).
+	cfg.ApplyMDMPolicy(s.mdmLoader.Load())
 	managementURL := cfg.ManagementURL
 	adminURL := cfg.AdminURL

--- a/client/server/setconfig_mdm_test.go
+++ b/client/server/setconfig_mdm_test.go
@@ -16,14 +16,40 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 )

-// withMDMPolicy temporarily overrides the server-package loadMDMPolicy hook
-// so SetConfig observes the supplied Policy. Restores the original loader
-// at test cleanup.
-func withMDMPolicy(t *testing.T, policy *mdm.Policy) {
+// fakeMDMFetcher implements mdm.PolicyFetcher returning a pre-set
+// policy map. Tests build one per Server instance to inject a
+// scripted MDM overlay via a Loader rather than via package-level state.
+type fakeMDMFetcher struct{ values map[string]any }
+
+func (f *fakeMDMFetcher) Fetch() map[string]any { return f.values }
+
+// withMDMPolicy installs an mdm.Loader on the given Server whose
+// loadPlatform returns the supplied Policy's underlying values. Use
+// after setupServerWithProfile to inject the scripted policy the
+// SetConfig / Login MDM gates will observe.
+func withMDMPolicy(t *testing.T, s *Server, policy *mdm.Policy) {
 	t.Helper()
-	prev := loadMDMPolicy
-	loadMDMPolicy = func() *mdm.Policy { return policy }
-	t.Cleanup(func() { loadMDMPolicy = prev })
+	values := map[string]any{}
+	if policy != nil {
+		for _, k := range policy.ManagedKeys() {
+			if v, ok := policy.GetString(k); ok {
+				values[k] = v
+				continue
+			}
+			if v, ok := policy.GetBool(k); ok {
+				values[k] = v
+				continue
+			}
+			if v, ok := policy.GetInt(k); ok {
+				values[k] = v
+				continue
+			}
+			if v, ok := policy.GetStringSlice(k); ok {
+				values[k] = v
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	s.mdmLoader = mdm.NewLoader(&fakeMDMFetcher{values: values})
 }

 // setupServerWithProfile mirrors the boilerplate of TestSetConfig_AllFieldsSaved:
@@ -93,12 +119,11 @@ func extractViolation(t *testing.T, err error) *proto.MDMManagedFieldsViolation
 }

 func TestSetConfig_MDMReject_SingleField(t *testing.T) {
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+	withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL: "https://mdm.example.com:443",
 	}))

-	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
-
 	_, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
 		ProfileName:   profName,
 		Username:      username,
@@ -110,14 +135,13 @@ func TestSetConfig_MDMReject_SingleField(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestSetConfig_MDMReject_MultipleFields(t *testing.T) {
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+	withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL:    "https://mdm.example.com:443",
 		mdm.KeyBlockInbound:     true,
 		mdm.KeyRosenpassEnabled: true,
 	}))

-	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
-
 	blockInbound := false
 	rosenpassEnabled := false
 	_, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
@@ -141,12 +165,11 @@ func TestSetConfig_MDMReject_AllOrNothing(t *testing.T) {
 	// enforced field AND a non-enforced field (RosenpassEnabled).
 	// The whole request must be rejected — non-conflicting fields are not
 	// applied either.
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	s, ctx, profName, username, cfgPath := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+	withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL: "https://mdm.example.com:443",
 	}))

-	s, ctx, profName, username, cfgPath := setupServerWithProfile(t)
-
 	rosenpassEnabled := true
 	_, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
 		ProfileName:      profName,
@@ -168,12 +191,11 @@ func TestSetConfig_MDMReject_AllOrNothing(t *testing.T) {
 func TestSetConfig_MDMAllow_NonManagedFields(t *testing.T) {
 	// MDM enforces ManagementURL but the user only writes RosenpassEnabled.
 	// Request must succeed.
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+	withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 		mdm.KeyManagementURL: "https://mdm.example.com:443",
 	}))

-	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
-
 	rosenpassEnabled := true
 	resp, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
 		ProfileName:      profName,
@@ -202,12 +224,11 @@ func TestSetConfig_MDMAllow_ManagementURLPortNormalized(t *testing.T) {

 	for _, tc := range tests {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
+			s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+			withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(map[string]any{
 				mdm.KeyManagementURL: tc.mdmURL,
 			}))

-			s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
-
 			rosenpassEnabled := true
 			resp, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
 				ProfileName:      profName,
@@ -224,9 +245,8 @@ func TestSetConfig_MDMAllow_ManagementURLPortNormalized(t *testing.T) {

 func TestSetConfig_MDMEmpty_NoEnforcement(t *testing.T) {
 	// No MDM policy active: any field can be written.
-	withMDMPolicy(t, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))
-
 	s, ctx, profName, username, _ := setupServerWithProfile(t)
+	withMDMPolicy(t, s, mdm.NewPolicy(nil))

 	resp, err := s.SetConfig(ctx, &proto.SetConfigRequest{
 		ProfileName:   profName,
--- a/client/ui/autostart_default.go
+++ b/client/ui/autostart_default.go
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func netbirdFootprintExists() bool {
 // retrying autostart entry writes on every launch. A user's later disable in
 // Settings is never overridden: the marker guarantees at-most-once, ever.
 func applyAutostartDefault(ctx context.Context, autostart *services.Autostart, prefs *preferences.Store, prefsFileExisted bool) {
-	mdmDisabled := autostartDisabledByMDM(mdm.LoadPolicy())
+	mdmDisabled := autostartDisabledByMDM(mdm.NewLoader(nil).Load())

 	if mdmDisabled {
 		if enabled, err := autostart.IsEnabled(ctx); err != nil {
--- a/client/ui/frontend/src/hooks/useKeepConnectedOnQuit.ts
+++ b/client/ui/frontend/src/hooks/useKeepConnectedOnQuit.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { Preferences } from "@bindings/services";
+
+export const useKeepConnectedOnQuit = () => {
+    const [keepConnected, setKeepConnected] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        let cancelled = false;
+        Preferences.Get()
+            .then((prefs) => {
+                if (cancelled) return;
+                setKeepConnected(prefs?.keepConnectedOnQuit ?? false);
+            })
+            .catch((err: unknown) => {
+                if (cancelled) return;
+                console.warn("[useKeepConnectedOnQuit] load preferences failed", err);
+                setKeepConnected(false);
+            });
+        return () => {
+            cancelled = true;
+        };
+    }, []);
+
+    const setKeepConnectedOnQuit = useCallback(async (keep: boolean) => {
+        setKeepConnected(keep);
+        try {
+            await Preferences.SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(keep);
+        } catch (err: unknown) {
+            setKeepConnected(!keep);
+            console.error("[useKeepConnectedOnQuit] SetKeepConnectedOnQuit failed", err);
+        }
+    }, []);
+
+    return { keepConnected, setKeepConnectedOnQuit };
+};
--- a/client/ui/frontend/src/modules/settings/SettingsGeneral.tsx
+++ b/client/ui/frontend/src/modules/settings/SettingsGeneral.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { ManagementServerSwitch } from "@/components/ManagementServerSwitch.tsx"
 import { ManagementMode, useManagementUrl } from "@/hooks/useManagementUrl.ts";
 import { LanguagePicker } from "@/components/LanguagePicker.tsx";
 import { useRestrictions } from "@/contexts/RestrictionsContext.tsx";
+import { useKeepConnectedOnQuit } from "@/hooks/useKeepConnectedOnQuit.ts";

 export function SettingsGeneral() {
    const { t } = useTranslation();
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ export function SettingsGeneral() {
    const { mode, setMode, setUrl, displayUrl, showError, canSave, save, checking, unreachable } =
        useManagementUrl();
    const { mdm, features } = useRestrictions();
+    const { keepConnected, setKeepConnectedOnQuit } = useKeepConnectedOnQuit();

    const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
    const managementUrlId = useId();
@@ -57,6 +59,15 @@ export function SettingsGeneral() {
                        helpText={t("settings.general.autostart.help")}
                    />
                )}
+                <FancyToggleSwitch
+                    value={keepConnected ?? false}
+                    onChange={(v) => {
+                        void setKeepConnectedOnQuit(v);
+                    }}
+                    loading={keepConnected === null}
+                    label={t("settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label")}
+                    helpText={t("settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help")}
+                />
            </SectionGroup>

            {!mdm.managementURL && !features.disableUpdateSettings && (
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/de/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/de/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Ändern des Autostarts fehlgeschlagen"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Nach dem Beenden verbunden bleiben",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "Die Verbindung bleibt im Hintergrund bestehen, nachdem Sie NetBird schließen. Sie endet erst, wenn Sie sie selbst trennen.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Anzeigesprache"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/en/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/en/common.json
@@ -735,6 +735,14 @@
        "message": "Autostart Change Failed",
        "description": "Error-dialog title when changing the autostart setting fails."
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Stay Connected After Quitting",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "The connection stays up in the background after you close NetBird. It only stops when you disconnect it yourself.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Display Language",
        "description": "Label for the display-language picker."
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/es/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/es/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Error al cambiar el inicio automático"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Permanecer conectado al salir",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "La conexión sigue activa en segundo plano después de cerrar NetBird. Solo se detiene cuando la desconectas tú.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Idioma de la interfaz"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/fr/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/fr/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Échec de la modification du démarrage automatique"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Rester connecté après la fermeture",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "La connexion reste active en arrière-plan après la fermeture de NetBird. Elle ne s'arrête que si vous la coupez vous-même.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Langue d’affichage"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/hu/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/hu/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Az automatikus indítás módosítása sikertelen"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Kapcsolat megtartása kilépéskor",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "A kapcsolat a háttérben megmarad, miután bezárod a NetBirdöt. Csak akkor szakad meg, ha te magad bontod.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Megjelenítési nyelv"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/it/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/it/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Modifica avvio automatico non riuscita"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Resta connesso dopo la chiusura",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "La connessione resta attiva in background dopo la chiusura di NetBird. Si interrompe solo quando la disconnetti tu.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Lingua dell'interfaccia"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/ja/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/ja/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "自動起動の変更に失敗しました"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "終了後も接続を維持",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "NetBird を閉じたあとも接続はバックグラウンドで維持されます。自分で切断したときにだけ停止します。",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "表示言語"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/pt/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/pt/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Falha ao alterar o início automático"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Permanecer conectado ao sair",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "A conexão continua ativa em segundo plano depois de fechar o NetBird. Ela só para quando você mesmo a desconecta.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Idioma de exibição"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/ru/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/ru/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "Не удалось изменить автозапуск"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "Оставаться подключённым после выхода",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "Соединение остаётся активным в фоне после закрытия NetBird. Оно прервётся, только когда вы отключите его сами.",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "Язык интерфейса"
    },
--- a/client/ui/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json
+++ b/client/ui/i18n/locales/zh-CN/common.json
@@ -551,6 +551,14 @@
    "settings.general.autostart.errorTitle": {
        "message": "更改自启动设置失败"
    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.label": {
+        "message": "退出后保持连接",
+        "description": "Toggle label: keep the VPN connection up after quitting the UI."
+    },
+    "settings.general.keepConnectedOnQuit.help": {
+        "message": "关闭 NetBird 后，连接会在后台保持。只有你自己断开时才会停止。",
+        "description": "Helper text for the stay-connected-after-quitting toggle."
+    },
    "settings.general.language.label": {
        "message": "显示语言"
    },
--- a/client/ui/main.go
+++ b/client/ui/main.go
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ func main() {
 		WindowManager:   windowManager,
 		Session:         authSession,
 		Localizer:       localizer,
+		Preferences:     prefStore,
 	})
 	listenForShowSignal(context.Background(), tray)

--- a/client/ui/preferences/store.go
+++ b/client/ui/preferences/store.go
@@ -58,6 +58,10 @@ type UIPreferences struct {
 	// decision has run for this OS user. It only ever transitions to true
 	// and is never reset, so the default-on flow runs at most once, ever.
 	AutostartInitialized bool `json:"autostartInitialized"`
+	// KeepConnectedOnQuit leaves the daemon connected when the GUI quits.
+	// Its false zero value preserves the historical disconnect-on-quit
+	// behaviour for preference files written before the field existed.
+	KeepConnectedOnQuit bool `json:"keepConnectedOnQuit"`
 }

 // LanguageValidator rejects SetLanguage inputs with no shipped bundle.
@@ -183,6 +187,26 @@ func (s *Store) SetAutostartInitialized(done bool) error {
 	return nil
 }

+// SetKeepConnectedOnQuit persists the disconnect-on-quit opt-out. No-op if unchanged.
+func (s *Store) SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(keep bool) error {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	if s.current.KeepConnectedOnQuit == keep {
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil
+	}
+	next := s.current
+	next.KeepConnectedOnQuit = keep
+	if err := s.persistLocked(next); err != nil {
+		s.mu.Unlock()
+		return fmt.Errorf("persist preferences: %w", err)
+	}
+	s.current = next
+	s.mu.Unlock()
+
+	s.broadcast(next)
+	return nil
+}
+
 // SetLanguage validates, persists, and broadcasts. No-op if unchanged.
 func (s *Store) SetLanguage(lang i18n.LanguageCode) error {
 	if lang == "" {
--- a/client/ui/preferences/store_test.go
+++ b/client/ui/preferences/store_test.go
@@ -238,6 +238,42 @@ func TestStore_SetAutostartInitializedPersistsAcrossReload(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, reloaded.Get().AutostartInitialized, "marker must survive a reload from disk")
 }

+func TestStore_SetKeepConnectedOnQuitPersistsAcrossReload(t *testing.T) {
+	withTempConfigDir(t)
+	emitter := &recordingEmitter{}
+	s, err := NewStore(nil, emitter)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	assert.False(t, s.Get().KeepConnectedOnQuit, "quitting must disconnect by default")
+
+	require.NoError(t, s.SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(true))
+	assert.True(t, s.Get().KeepConnectedOnQuit, "Get should reflect the persisted opt-out")
+	require.Len(t, emitter.calledWith(EventPreferencesChanged), 1, "first write should broadcast")
+
+	require.NoError(t, s.SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(true))
+	assert.Len(t, emitter.calledWith(EventPreferencesChanged), 1, "idempotent write should not broadcast again")
+
+	reloaded, err := NewStore(nil, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.True(t, reloaded.Get().KeepConnectedOnQuit, "opt-out must survive a reload from disk")
+}
+
+func TestStore_KeepConnectedOnQuitDefaultsFalseForPreExistingFile(t *testing.T) {
+	withTempConfigDir(t)
+
+	// A preferences file written before the field existed must keep the
+	// historical disconnect-on-quit behaviour rather than silently opting out.
+	path, err := preferencesPath()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(path), 0o755))
+	require.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(path, []byte(`{"language":"en","viewMode":"default"}`), 0o600))
+
+	s, err := NewStore(nil, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.False(t, s.Get().KeepConnectedOnQuit, "a file predating the field must not opt out of disconnect-on-quit")
+	assert.True(t, s.ExistedAtLoad(), "the pre-existing file must be seen on disk")
+}
+
 func TestStore_ExistedAtLoad(t *testing.T) {
 	withTempConfigDir(t)

--- a/client/ui/services/cursor_linux.go
+++ b/client/ui/services/cursor_linux.go
@@ -49,5 +49,11 @@ func getCursorPosition(app *application.App) (application.Point, bool) {
 	if app == nil || app.Screen == nil {
 		return p, true
 	}
+	// The wails GTK3 backend caches screens from the active window; a tray app
+	// has none at startup, so the cache is empty and PhysicalToDipPoint would
+	// dereference a nil nearest screen. Raw pixels are correct there anyway.
+	if app.Screen.ScreenNearestPhysicalPoint(p) == nil {
+		return p, true
+	}
 	return app.Screen.PhysicalToDipPoint(p), true
 }
--- a/client/ui/services/preferences.go
+++ b/client/ui/services/preferences.go
@@ -34,3 +34,7 @@ func (s *Preferences) SetViewMode(_ context.Context, mode preferences.ViewMode)
 func (s *Preferences) SetOnboardingCompleted(_ context.Context, done bool) error {
 	return s.store.SetOnboardingCompleted(done)
 }
+
+func (s *Preferences) SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(_ context.Context, keep bool) error {
+	return s.store.SetKeepConnectedOnQuit(keep)
+}
--- a/client/ui/tray.go
+++ b/client/ui/tray.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ui/authsession"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ui/i18n"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ui/preferences"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ui/services"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version"
 )
@@ -50,8 +51,9 @@ type TrayServices struct {
 	WindowManager   *services.WindowManager
 	// Session is bound to authsession directly because the services wrapper
 	// only re-exposes the React subset.
-	Session   *authsession.Session
-	Localizer *Localizer
+	Session     *authsession.Session
+	Localizer   *Localizer
+	Preferences *preferences.Store
 }

 type Tray struct {
@@ -461,10 +463,12 @@ func (t *Tray) handleQuit() {
 	t.profileMu.Unlock()
 	t.svc.DaemonFeed.CancelProfileSwitch()

-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), quitDownTimeout)
-	defer cancel()
-	if err := t.svc.Connection.Down(ctx); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("disconnect on quit: %v", err)
+	if t.svc.Preferences == nil || !t.svc.Preferences.Get().KeepConnectedOnQuit {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), quitDownTimeout)
+		defer cancel()
+		if err := t.svc.Connection.Down(ctx); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("disconnect on quit: %v", err)
+		}
 	}
 	t.app.Quit()
 }
--- a/client/ui/xembed_host_gtk3_linux.go
+++ b/client/ui/xembed_host_gtk3_linux.go
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+//go:build linux && gtk3 && !(linux && 386)
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/godbus/dbus/v5"
+)
+
+// The legacy GTK3 / WebKit2GTK 4.1 build (-tags gtk3) drops the in-process
+// XEmbed StatusNotifierWatcher entirely. The real implementation
+// (xembed_host_linux.go + xembed_tray_linux.c) links GTK4 and uses GTK4-only
+// popup-menu APIs that have no drop-in GTK3 equivalent, so rather than port the
+// C layer we stub the host out on gtk3 builds. The tray still works on every
+// desktop that ships its own StatusNotifierWatcher (KDE, GNOME+AppIndicator,
+// Cinnamon/xapp, XFCE, …); only the minimal-WM fallback (Fluxbox/OpenBox/i3/
+// dwm/vanilla GNOME) is unavailable on gtk3 packages. See LINUX-TRAY.md.
+
+// xembedHost is a placeholder so the package compiles on gtk3 builds; the real
+// type (with X11/GTK4 state) lives in xembed_host_linux.go. It is never
+// instantiated here because xembedTrayAvailable always reports false.
+type xembedHost struct{}
+
+// run satisfies the call in tray_watcher_linux.go; unreachable on gtk3 because
+// newXembedHost never returns a non-nil host.
+func (*xembedHost) run() {}
+
+// xembedTrayAvailable always reports false on gtk3 builds, so the watcher probe
+// loop in startStatusNotifierWatcher exits immediately and newXembedHost is
+// never reached. recenter_linux.go's predicate becomes a harmless no-op too.
+func xembedTrayAvailable() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+// newXembedHost exists only to satisfy the reference in tray_watcher_linux.go;
+// it is unreachable because xembedTrayAvailable returns false on gtk3.
+func newXembedHost(conn *dbus.Conn, busName string, objPath dbus.ObjectPath) (*xembedHost, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("xembed host unsupported on gtk3 build")
+}
--- a/client/ui/xembed_host_linux.go
+++ b/client/ui/xembed_host_linux.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//go:build linux && !(linux && 386)
+//go:build linux && !gtk3 && !(linux && 386)

 package main

--- a/client/ui/xembed_tray_linux.c
+++ b/client/ui/xembed_tray_linux.c
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+//go:build linux && !gtk3 && !(linux && 386)
+
 #include "xembed_tray_linux.h"

 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -340,4 +340,4 @@ replace github.com/dexidp/dex/api/v2 => github.com/netbirdio/dex/api/v2 v2.0.0-2

 replace github.com/mailru/easyjson => github.com/netbirdio/easyjson v0.9.0

-replace github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3 => github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260803205919-ad21e92381f4
+replace github.com/wailsapp/wails/v3 => github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260807055527-fc03f984d701
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -490,8 +490,8 @@ github.com/netbirdio/service v0.0.0-20240911161631-f62744f42502 h1:3tHlFmhTdX9ax
 github.com/netbirdio/service v0.0.0-20240911161631-f62744f42502/go.mod h1:CIMRFEJVL+0DS1a3Nx06NaMn4Dz63Ng6O7dl0qH0zVM=
 github.com/netbirdio/signal-dispatcher/dispatcher v0.0.0-20250805121659-6b4ac470ca45 h1:ujgviVYmx243Ksy7NdSwrdGPSRNE3pb8kEDSpH0QuAQ=
 github.com/netbirdio/signal-dispatcher/dispatcher v0.0.0-20250805121659-6b4ac470ca45/go.mod h1:5/sjFmLb8O96B5737VCqhHyGRzNFIaN/Bu7ZodXc3qQ=
-github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260803205919-ad21e92381f4 h1:UKztc3QjWvzU5DZk+uYaOWN0x62NSe/pkxuPvzqZIy4=
-github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260803205919-ad21e92381f4/go.mod h1:BzATbK71VFikMMMCo434wAi0QcaI03P+xeaWgDvQvjw=
+github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260807055527-fc03f984d701 h1:QL9nupfRom0L9jcY7N9l/Bc6QK2PtC6pHzC+ftpTqpw=
+github.com/netbirdio/wails/v3 v3.0.0-beta.3.0.20260807055527-fc03f984d701/go.mod h1:BzATbK71VFikMMMCo434wAi0QcaI03P+xeaWgDvQvjw=
 github.com/netbirdio/wireguard-go v0.0.0-20260628102922-2834bebf6c1a h1:3CWK+yTvRKOcC0Q8VCTGy4l60TEb27CQVS7LkMxwjmw=
 github.com/netbirdio/wireguard-go v0.0.0-20260628102922-2834bebf6c1a/go.mod h1:rpwXGsirqLqN2L0JDJQlwOboGHmptD5ZD6T2VmcqhTw=
 github.com/nxadm/tail v1.4.4/go.mod h1:kenIhsEOeOJmVchQTgglprH7qJGnHDVpk1VPCcaMI8A=
--- a/infrastructure_files/getting-started-enterprise.sh
+++ b/infrastructure_files/getting-started-enterprise.sh
@@ -12,10 +12,7 @@ SED_STRIP_PADDING='s/=//g'
 NETBIRD_EULA_URL="https://netbird.io/self-hosted-EULA"

 # Static IP for Traefik inside the compose bridge network. The management
-# server trusts X-Forwarded-* headers from this address only, so all three
-# values derive from the same /24. Override with NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET.
-DOCKER_SUBNET="172.30.0.0/24"
-DOCKER_GATEWAY="172.30.0.1"
+# server trusts X-Forwarded-* headers from this address only.
 TRAEFIK_IP="172.30.0.10"

 check_docker_compose() {
@@ -46,90 +43,6 @@ rand_b64_key() {
  openssl rand -base64 32
 }

-# ------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Docker network subnet override and conflict check
-# (kept in sync with getting-started.sh; only the compose network
-# name differs)
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-ip_to_int() {
-  local a b c d
-  IFS=. read -r a b c d <<< "$1"
-  echo $(( (10#$a << 24) + (10#$b << 16) + (10#$c << 8) + 10#$d ))
-}
-
-# cidrs_overlap <cidr> <cidr> — succeeds if the networks overlap
-cidrs_overlap() {
-  local net1="${1%/*}" len1="${1#*/}" net2="${2%/*}" len2="${2#*/}"
-  local min_len=$(( len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2 ))
-  local mask=0
-  if [[ "$min_len" -gt 0 ]]; then
-    mask=$(( (0xFFFFFFFF << (32 - min_len)) & 0xFFFFFFFF ))
-  fi
-  [[ $(( $(ip_to_int "$net1") & mask )) -eq $(( $(ip_to_int "$net2") & mask )) ]]
-}
-
-# valid_ipv4_slash24 <cidr> — accepts a unicast IPv4 /24 like 10.123.45.0/24
-valid_ipv4_slash24() {
-  local octet='(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[0-9])'
-  local re="^${octet}\.${octet}\.${octet}\.0/24$"
-  [[ "$1" =~ $re ]] || return 1
-  # Reject non-unicast/reserved ranges: 0/8, loopback, link-local, 224+
-  case "$1" in
-    0.*|127.*|169.254.*|22[4-9].*|2[34][0-9].*|25[0-5].*) return 1 ;;
-  esac
-  return 0
-}
-
-# Apply NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET and derive the gateway (.1) and Traefik IP (.10)
-apply_docker_subnet_override() {
-  if [[ -n "${NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET:-}" ]]; then
-    if ! valid_ipv4_slash24 "$NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET"; then
-      echo "NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET must be a unicast IPv4 /24 network like 10.123.45.0/24 (0/8, 127/8, 169.254/16, and 224+ are not allowed), got: $NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET" > /dev/stderr
-      exit 1
-    fi
-    DOCKER_SUBNET="$NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET"
-  fi
-  local base="${DOCKER_SUBNET%.0/24}"
-  DOCKER_GATEWAY="${base}.1"
-  TRAEFIK_IP="${base}.10"
-  return 0
-}
-
-# check_docker_subnet_conflicts <compose network name>
-# Fail early if an existing Docker network overlaps DOCKER_SUBNET, instead
-# of letting "docker compose up" fail later. Host routes are not checked;
-# NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET covers those cases.
-check_docker_subnet_conflicts() {
-  local expected_network="$1"
-  command -v docker &> /dev/null || return 0
-
-  local name subnets subnet
-  while IFS='|' read -r name subnets; do
-    for subnet in $subnets; do
-      [[ "$subnet" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/[0-9]+$ ]] || continue
-      if [[ "$name" == "$expected_network" ]]; then
-        # Our own leftover network: compose reuses it as-is, so its subnet
-        # must match the one we render
-        if [[ "$subnet" != "$DOCKER_SUBNET" ]]; then
-          echo "ERROR: the Docker network '$name', left over from a previous NetBird install, uses $subnet instead of $DOCKER_SUBNET." > /dev/stderr
-          echo "docker compose would reuse it as-is, and the generated configuration would not match it." > /dev/stderr
-          echo "Remove it and run this script again:" > /dev/stderr
-          echo "  docker network rm $name" > /dev/stderr
-          exit 1
-        fi
-      elif cidrs_overlap "$DOCKER_SUBNET" "$subnet"; then
-        echo "ERROR: the existing Docker network '$name' ($subnet) overlaps $DOCKER_SUBNET, the subnet NetBird would use." > /dev/stderr
-        echo "That network is not managed by this script and is left untouched." > /dev/stderr
-        echo "Pick a free /24 for NetBird instead and run this script again:" > /dev/stderr
-        echo "  NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET=10.123.45.0/24 ./getting-started-enterprise.sh" > /dev/stderr
-        exit 1
-      fi
-    done
-  done < <(docker network inspect --format '{{.Name}}|{{range .IPAM.Config}}{{.Subnet}} {{end}}' $(docker network ls -q 2>/dev/null) 2>/dev/null || true)
-  return 0
-}
-
 check_nb_domain() {
  local domain="$1"
  if [[ -z "$domain" ]]; then
@@ -311,9 +224,6 @@ wait_postgres() {
 init_environment() {
  check_openssl
  DOCKER_COMPOSE_COMMAND=$(check_docker_compose)
-  # Settle the subnet (and fail on conflicts) before the EULA and prompts
-  apply_docker_subnet_override
-  check_docker_subnet_conflicts "netbird"

  if [[ -f .env ]] || [[ -f docker-compose.yml ]] || [[ -f config.yaml ]]; then
    echo "Generated files already exist in $(pwd)."
@@ -352,6 +262,7 @@ init_environment() {
  POSTGRES_DB="netbird"
  POSTGRES_PASSWORD=$(rand_secret)
  NETBIRD_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(rand_b64_key)
+  NETBIRD_SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(rand_b64_key)
  NETBIRD_RELAY_AUTH_SECRET=$(rand_secret)

  POSTGRES_DSN="host=postgres user=${POSTGRES_USER} password=${POSTGRES_PASSWORD} dbname=${POSTGRES_DB} port=5432 sslmode=disable TimeZone=UTC"
@@ -362,7 +273,6 @@ init_environment() {
  echo "  Traffic flow: ${NETBIRD_TRAFFIC_FLOW}"
  echo "  Domain:       ${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}"
  echo "  ACME email:   ${NETBIRD_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL}"
-  echo "  Subnet:       ${DOCKER_SUBNET} (Traefik at ${TRAEFIK_IP})"
  echo ""
  echo "Rendering files into $(pwd) ..."
  install -m 600 /dev/null .env
@@ -424,12 +334,7 @@ NETBIRD_DOMAIN=${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}
 # Reverse proxy (Traefik)
 NETBIRD_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL=${NETBIRD_LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL}
 NETBIRD_TRAEFIK_TAG=${NETBIRD_TRAEFIK_TAG:-v3.6}
-# These three must stay in step with the /32 trust pins in config.yaml
-# (reverseProxy.trustedPeers/trustedHTTPProxies). Shell env vars override
-# this file at compose time.
 NETBIRD_TRAEFIK_IP=${TRAEFIK_IP}
-NETBIRD_NETWORK_SUBNET=${DOCKER_SUBNET}
-NETBIRD_NETWORK_GATEWAY=${DOCKER_GATEWAY}

 # Image tags. Default to "latest"
 NETBIRD_DASHBOARD_TAG=${NETBIRD_DASHBOARD_TAG:-latest}
@@ -512,9 +417,6 @@ render_compose_common() {
    networks:
      netbird:
        ipv4_address: ${NETBIRD_TRAEFIK_IP}
-        # Resolve the public domain inside this network (avoids hairpin NAT)
-        aliases:
-          - "${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}"
    command:
      # Logging
      - "--log.level=INFO"
@@ -758,8 +660,8 @@ networks:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
-        - subnet: ${NETBIRD_NETWORK_SUBNET}
-          gateway: ${NETBIRD_NETWORK_GATEWAY}
+        - subnet: 172.30.0.0/24
+          gateway: 172.30.0.1
 EOF
 }

@@ -795,6 +697,7 @@ server:
    issuer: "https://${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}/oauth2"
    localAuthDisabled: false
    signKeyRefreshEnabled: false
+    sessionCookieEncryptionKey: "${NETBIRD_SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY}"
    dashboardRedirectURIs:
      - "https://${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}/nb-auth"
      - "https://${NETBIRD_DOMAIN}/nb-silent-auth"
--- a/infrastructure_files/getting-started.sh
+++ b/infrastructure_files/getting-started.sh
@@ -108,14 +108,6 @@ check_nb_domain() {
    echo "The NETBIRD_DOMAIN cannot be netbird.example.com" > /dev/stderr
    return 1
  fi
-
-  # Letters, digits, dots, and hyphens only; the domain is embedded in
-  # generated YAML and env files
-  local re='^[A-Za-z0-9]([A-Za-z0-9.-]*[A-Za-z0-9])?$'
-  if [[ "$DOMAIN" != "use-ip" ]] && [[ ! "$DOMAIN" =~ $re ]]; then
-    echo "The NETBIRD_DOMAIN may only contain letters, digits, dots, and hyphens." > /dev/stderr
-    return 1
-  fi
  return 0
 }

@@ -345,103 +337,6 @@ wait_management_direct() {
  return 0
 }

-############################################
-# Docker Network Subnet Override and Conflict Check
-############################################
-
-ip_to_int() {
-  local a b c d
-  IFS=. read -r a b c d <<< "$1"
-  echo $(( (10#$a << 24) + (10#$b << 16) + (10#$c << 8) + 10#$d ))
-}
-
-# cidrs_overlap <cidr> <cidr> — succeeds if the networks overlap
-cidrs_overlap() {
-  local net1="${1%/*}" len1="${1#*/}" net2="${2%/*}" len2="${2#*/}"
-  local min_len=$(( len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2 ))
-  local mask=0
-  if [[ "$min_len" -gt 0 ]]; then
-    mask=$(( (0xFFFFFFFF << (32 - min_len)) & 0xFFFFFFFF ))
-  fi
-  [[ $(( $(ip_to_int "$net1") & mask )) -eq $(( $(ip_to_int "$net2") & mask )) ]]
-}
-
-# valid_ipv4_slash24 <cidr> — accepts a unicast IPv4 /24 like 10.123.45.0/24
-valid_ipv4_slash24() {
-  local octet='(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[0-9])'
-  local re="^${octet}\.${octet}\.${octet}\.0/24$"
-  [[ "$1" =~ $re ]] || return 1
-  # Reject non-unicast/reserved ranges: 0/8, loopback, link-local, 224+
-  case "$1" in
-    0.*|127.*|169.254.*|22[4-9].*|2[34][0-9].*|25[0-5].*) return 1 ;;
-  esac
-  return 0
-}
-
-# Apply NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET and derive the gateway (.1) and Traefik IP (.10)
-apply_docker_subnet_override() {
-  if [[ -n "${NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET:-}" ]]; then
-    if ! valid_ipv4_slash24 "$NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET"; then
-      echo "NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET must be a unicast IPv4 /24 network like 10.123.45.0/24 (0/8, 127/8, 169.254/16, and 224+ are not allowed), got: $NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET" > /dev/stderr
-      exit 1
-    fi
-    DOCKER_SUBNET="$NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET"
-  fi
-  local base="${DOCKER_SUBNET%.0/24}"
-  DOCKER_GATEWAY="${base}.1"
-  TRAEFIK_IP="${base}.10"
-  return 0
-}
-
-# check_docker_subnet_conflicts <compose network name>
-# Fail early if an existing Docker network overlaps DOCKER_SUBNET, instead
-# of letting "docker compose up" fail later. Host routes are not checked;
-# NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET covers those cases.
-check_docker_subnet_conflicts() {
-  local expected_network="$1"
-  command -v docker &> /dev/null || return 0
-
-  local name subnets subnet
-  while IFS='|' read -r name subnets; do
-    for subnet in $subnets; do
-      [[ "$subnet" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+/[0-9]+$ ]] || continue
-      if [[ "$name" == "$expected_network" ]]; then
-        # Our own leftover network: compose reuses it as-is, so its subnet
-        # must match the one we render
-        if [[ "$subnet" != "$DOCKER_SUBNET" ]]; then
-          echo "ERROR: the Docker network '$name', left over from a previous NetBird install, uses $subnet instead of $DOCKER_SUBNET." > /dev/stderr
-          echo "docker compose would reuse it as-is, and the generated configuration would not match it." > /dev/stderr
-          echo "Remove it and run this script again:" > /dev/stderr
-          echo "  docker network rm $name" > /dev/stderr
-          exit 1
-        fi
-      elif cidrs_overlap "$DOCKER_SUBNET" "$subnet"; then
-        echo "ERROR: the existing Docker network '$name' ($subnet) overlaps $DOCKER_SUBNET, the subnet NetBird would use." > /dev/stderr
-        echo "That network is not managed by this script and is left untouched." > /dev/stderr
-        echo "Pick a free /24 for NetBird instead and run this script again:" > /dev/stderr
-        echo "  NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET=10.123.45.0/24 ./getting-started.sh" > /dev/stderr
-        exit 1
-      fi
-    done
-  done < <(docker network inspect --format '{{.Name}}|{{range .IPAM.Config}}{{.Subnet}} {{end}}' $(docker network ls -q 2>/dev/null) 2>/dev/null || true)
-  return 0
-}
-
-configure_docker_subnet() {
-  # Only the built-in Traefik mode pins a subnet; other modes let Docker pick
-  if [[ "$REVERSE_PROXY_TYPE" != "0" ]]; then
-    return 0
-  fi
-
-  # Skip our own network (<project>_netbird) in the conflict check;
-  # normalization matches compose-go's NormalizeProjectName
-  local project
-  project="${COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME:-$(basename "$PWD")}"
-  project=$(echo "$project" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed 's/[^a-z0-9_-]//g; s/^[_-]*//')
-  check_docker_subnet_conflicts "${project}_netbird"
-  return 0
-}
-
 ############################################
 # Initialization and Configuration
 ############################################
@@ -453,6 +348,7 @@ initialize_default_values() {
  NETBIRD_RELAY_AUTH_SECRET=$(openssl rand -base64 32 | sed "$SED_STRIP_PADDING")
  # Note: DataStoreEncryptionKey must keep base64 padding (=) for Go's base64.StdEncoding
  DATASTORE_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(openssl rand -base64 32)
+  SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY=$(openssl rand -base64 32)
  NETBIRD_STUN_PORT=3478

  # Docker images
@@ -473,11 +369,7 @@ initialize_default_values() {
  BIND_LOCALHOST_ONLY="true"
  EXTERNAL_PROXY_NETWORK=""

-  # Internal bridge network. Management and proxy trust forwarded headers
-  # from TRAEFIK_IP only, so all three values derive from the same /24.
-  # Override with NETBIRD_DOCKER_SUBNET.
-  DOCKER_SUBNET="172.30.0.0/24"
-  DOCKER_GATEWAY="172.30.0.1"
+  # Traefik static IP within the internal bridge network
  TRAEFIK_IP="172.30.0.10"

  # NetBird Proxy configuration
@@ -636,7 +528,8 @@ generate_configuration_files() {

  # Common files for all configurations
  render_dashboard_env > dashboard.env
-  render_combined_yaml > config.yaml
+  install -m 600 /dev/null config.yaml
+  render_combined_yaml >> config.yaml
  return 0
 }

@@ -772,10 +665,8 @@ init_environment() {
  check_docker_sock_perms

  initialize_default_values
-  apply_docker_subnet_override
  configure_domain
  configure_reverse_proxy
-  configure_docker_subnet

  check_jq

@@ -797,7 +688,6 @@ render_docker_compose_traefik_builtin() {
  local crowdsec_volumes=""
  local traefik_file_provider=""
  local traefik_dynamic_volume=""
-
  if [[ "$ENABLE_PROXY" == "true" ]]; then
    traefik_file_provider='      - "--providers.file.filename=/etc/traefik/dynamic.yaml"'
    traefik_dynamic_volume="      - ./traefik-dynamic.yaml:/etc/traefik/dynamic.yaml:ro"
@@ -996,8 +886,8 @@ networks:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
-        - subnet: $DOCKER_SUBNET
-          gateway: $DOCKER_GATEWAY
+        - subnet: 172.30.0.0/24
+          gateway: 172.30.0.1
 EOF
  return 0
 }
@@ -1023,6 +913,7 @@ server:
  auth:
    issuer: "$NETBIRD_HTTP_PROTOCOL://$NETBIRD_DOMAIN/oauth2"
    signKeyRefreshEnabled: true
+    sessionCookieEncryptionKey: "$SESSION_COOKIE_ENCRYPTION_KEY"
    dashboardRedirectURIs:
      - "$NETBIRD_HTTP_PROTOCOL://$NETBIRD_DOMAIN/nb-auth"
      - "$NETBIRD_HTTP_PROTOCOL://$NETBIRD_DOMAIN/nb-silent-auth"
--- a/release_files/darwin_pkg/preinstall
+++ b/release_files/darwin_pkg/preinstall
@@ -4,9 +4,67 @@ set -x

 LOG_FILE=/var/log/netbird/client_pre_install.log
 AGENT=/usr/local/bin/netbird
+UI_PROCESS=netbird-ui

 mkdir -p /var/log/netbird/

+# wait_for_ui_exit polls for up to $1 seconds, returning 0 as soon as no UI
+# process is left and 1 if one is still running when the time is up.
+wait_for_ui_exit() {
+    waited=0
+    while [ "$waited" -lt "$1" ]; do
+        pgrep -x "$UI_PROCESS" > /dev/null 2>&1 || return 0
+        sleep 1
+        waited=$((waited + 1))
+    done
+    return 1
+}
+
+# request_ui_quit asks the UI to quit from inside the console user's session and
+# reports whether the request could be sent at all. The installer runs as root
+# outside that session, so a quit Apple event sent straight from here always
+# fails with -600.
+request_ui_quit() {
+    console_user=$(stat -f%Su /dev/console 2>/dev/null)
+    case "$console_user" in
+        ""|root|loginwindow|_mbsetupuser)
+            echo "No active GUI user session (console user: '${console_user:-none}'); skipping the quit request."
+            return 1
+            ;;
+    esac
+
+    uid=$(id -u "$console_user" 2>/dev/null)
+    if [ -z "$uid" ]; then
+        echo "Could not resolve uid for console user '$console_user'; skipping the quit request."
+        return 1
+    fi
+
+    echo "Asking the NetBird UI to quit as console user $console_user (uid $uid)."
+    launchctl asuser "$uid" sudo -u "$console_user" -H osascript -e 'quit app "NetBird"' || true
+}
+
+# quit_ui stops a running UI so the app bundle can be replaced underneath it. A
+# UI process that survives the install keeps serving the old binary until it is
+# quit by hand, so anything still running once the quit request is out of the
+# way is signalled. Waiting for a graceful exit only makes sense when a quit
+# request was actually sent.
+quit_ui() {
+    if request_ui_quit && wait_for_ui_exit 10; then
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    pgrep -x "$UI_PROCESS" > /dev/null 2>&1 || return 0
+
+    echo "NetBird UI still running; terminating it."
+    pkill -x "$UI_PROCESS" || true
+    if wait_for_ui_exit 3; then
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    echo "NetBird UI ignored SIGTERM; killing it."
+    pkill -KILL -x "$UI_PROCESS" || true
+}
+
 {
    # check if it was installed with brew
    brew list --formula | grep netbird
@@ -15,10 +73,9 @@ mkdir -p /var/log/netbird/
        echo "NetBird has been installed with Brew. Please use Brew to update the package."
        exit 1
    fi
-    osascript -e 'quit app "Netbird"' || true
+    quit_ui
    $AGENT service stop || true

    echo "Preinstall complete"
    exit 0 # all good
 } &> $LOG_FILE
-
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
riccardom	e4d4b44568	Fixup after merge	2026-08-07 16:02:30 +02:00
riccardom	faa19622ae	Fixup helper withMDMPolicy -> configWithMDM	2026-08-07 12:56:16 +02:00
riccardom	982626caeb	Solved conflict in client.go	2026-08-07 11:59:56 +02:00
riccardom	76fd1445a6	Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into mdm_integration # Conflicts: # client/android/client.go	2026-08-07 11:53:24 +02:00
Zoltan Papp	2ce6323602	[client] Update the wails fork reference to the integration branch head (#7087 )	2026-08-07 09:57:52 +02:00
Viktor Liu	9a05a1c698	[client] Reword the firewalld package comment (#7081 )	2026-08-06 20:36:13 +02:00
Viktor Liu	5dd914782a	[client] Stop the macOS UI on pkg upgrade (#7079 )	2026-08-06 16:50:17 +02:00
Ben	8c19b7a30a	[infrastructure] Generate a session cookie encryption key on fresh self-hosted installs (#7056 ) The community and enterprise bootstrap scripts now generate a dedicated `server.auth.sessionCookieEncryptionKey` from 32 random bytes for fresh installations. The key is Base64-encoded, persisted independently from the datastore encryption key, and reused from the generated configuration after restarts. The community script now also creates `config.yaml` with mode `0600` before writing it, matching the existing enterprise behavior. The server already supports the session cookie encryption key, but the bootstrap scripts left it unset. This adds defense-in-depth for newly generated deployments while preserving the existing server-side nonce validation. Because this only changes newly generated configuration, existing installations and sessions are unchanged. A focused regression test checks key presence, decoded length, separation from the datastore key, YAML placement, and file mode for both scripts. It is included in the infrastructure workflow.	2026-08-06 13:55:43 +02:00
Zoltan Papp	1e2a7aa571	[client] Add a UI setting to stay connected after quitting (#7078 ) Quitting the GUI from the tray always sent a Down RPC, dropping the VPN connection with it. Some users want the connection to survive the UI.	2026-08-06 12:56:27 +02:00
Zoltan Papp	98f8a24108	[client] Ship a legacy GTK3 UI package for distros without WebKitGTK 6.0 (#7040 ) Ship a legacy GTK3 UI package for distros without WebKitGTK 6.0	2026-08-06 12:13:20 +02:00
Viktor Liu	b2ae98f0fd	[misc] Expand agent guidelines with security, type-safety and lifecycle conventions (#7076 )	2026-08-06 11:38:24 +02:00
riccardom	f91f9fc05c	Convey MDM overlay config to Debug Bundle output Aligns to other clients OSes behavior	2026-07-28 11:44:15 +02:00
riccardom	e92aa7dfb0	Resolve merge conflicts from main - login.go: keep both new imports (mdm + nbnet + server) - ios/NetBirdSDK/client.go: additive struct-field merge (mdmLoader + stateMu/connectClient/config) - setconfig_mdm_test.go: adopt new withMDMPolicy(t, s, policy) signature; fix stray old-signature call in TestSetConfig_MDMAllow_ManagementURLPortNormalized	2026-07-28 11:04:04 +02:00
riccardom	e1ffb165a4	Merge branch 'main' into mdm_integration (with unresolved conflict markers)	2026-07-28 10:48:04 +02:00
riccardom	7715c382ee	Adds iOS wiring	2026-06-16 12:21:25 +02:00
riccardom	b2c5732847	You now need to explicitly call these around	2026-06-16 10:42:14 +02:00
riccardom	0340893854	Now we need to apply MDM in the GetConfig	2026-06-15 18:36:38 +02:00
riccardom	874195440c	Removes static vars	2026-06-15 17:32:46 +02:00
riccardom	bec26d5a14	Removes dead code	2026-06-15 13:01:04 +02:00
riccardom	db2c9b6f49	MDM Android mobile wiring	2026-06-15 12:04:26 +02:00