release: 1.9.0

Co-authored-by: Elias Schneider <login@eliasschneider.com>

.dockerignore

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-node_modules
+**/node_modules
 
 # Output
 .output

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: "🐛 Bug Report"
 description: "Report something that is not working as expected"
 title: "🐛 Bug Report: "
-labels: [bug]
+type: 'Bug'
 body:
   - type: markdown
     attributes:
@@ -36,13 +36,29 @@ body:
       value: |
         ### Additional Information
   - type: textarea
-    id: extra-information
+    id: version
     validations:
       required: true
     attributes:
-      label: "Version and Environment"
+      label: "Pocket ID Version"
-      description: "Please specify the version of Pocket ID, along with any environment-specific configurations, such your reverse proxy, that might be relevant."
+      description: "Please specify the version of Pocket ID."
       placeholder: "e.g., v0.24.1"
+  - type: textarea
+    id: database
+    validations:
+      required: true
+    attributes:
+      label: "Database"
+      description: "Please specify the database in use: SQLite or Postgres (including version)."
+      placeholder: "e.g., SQLite or Postgres 17"
+  - type: textarea
+    id: environment
+    validations:
+      required: true
+    attributes:
+      label: "OS and Environment"
+      description: "Please include the OS, whether you're using containers (Docker, Podman, etc) along with any environment-specific configurations, such your reverse proxy, that might be relevant."
+      placeholder: "e.g., Docker on Ubuntu 24.04, served using Traefik"
   - type: textarea
     id: log-files
     validations:

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: 🚀 Feature
 description: "Submit a proposal for a new feature"
 title: "🚀 Feature: "
-labels: [feature]
+type: 'Feature'
 body:
   - type: textarea
     id: feature-description

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/language-request.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 name: "🌐 Language request"
 description: "You want to contribute to a language that isn't on Crowdin yet?"
 title: "🌐 Language Request: <language name in english>"
-labels: [language-request]
+type: 'Language Request'
 body:
   - type: input
     id: language-name-native

.github/workflows/backend-linter.yml

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ jobs:
           go-version-file: backend/go.mod
 
       - name: Run Golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@dec74fa03096ff515422f71d18d41307cacde373 # v7.0.0
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v8.0.0
         with:
-          version: v2.0.2
+          version: v2.4.0
           args: --build-tags=exclude_frontend
           working-directory: backend
           only-new-issues: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}

.github/workflows/build-next.yml

@@ -21,17 +21,22 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          version: 10
+
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: "npm"
+          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
+          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Setup Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version-file: "backend/go.mod"
+          go-version-file: 'backend/go.mod'
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
@@ -54,12 +59,11 @@ jobs:
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
-        working-directory: frontend
+        run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
-        run: npm ci
 
       - name: Build frontend
         working-directory: frontend
-        run: npm run build
+        run: pnpm run build
 
       - name: Build binaries
         run: sh scripts/development/build-binaries.sh --docker-only
@@ -85,12 +89,12 @@ jobs:
       - name: Container image attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
+          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.build-push-image.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Container image attestation (distroless)
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
+          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push-distroless.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true

.github/workflows/e2e-tests.yml

@@ -45,39 +45,54 @@ jobs:
           path: /tmp/docker-image.tar
           retention-days: 1
 
-  test-sqlite:
+  test:
     if: github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
     permissions:
       contents: read
       actions: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        db: [sqlite, postgres]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          version: 10
+
       - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: "npm"
+          cache: "pnpm"
-          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
+          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         id: playwright-cache
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/ms-playwright
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('frontend/package-lock.json') }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('pnpm-lock.yaml') }}
-          restore-keys: |
+      - name: Cache PostgreSQL Docker image
-            ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres'
-
+        uses: actions/cache@v3
-      - name: Download Docker image artifact
+        id: postgres-cache
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: docker-image
+          path: /tmp/postgres-image.tar
-          path: /tmp
+          key: postgres-17-${{ runner.os }}
 
-      - name: Load Docker image
+      - name: Pull and save PostgreSQL image
-        run: docker load -i /tmp/docker-image.tar
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres' && steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: |
+          docker pull postgres:17
+          docker save postgres:17 > /tmp/postgres-image.tar
 
+      - name: Load PostgreSQL image from cache
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres' && steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+        run: docker load < /tmp/postgres-image.tar
       - name: Cache LLDAP Docker image
         uses: actions/cache@v3
         id: lldap-cache
@@ -94,31 +109,45 @@ jobs:
       - name: Load LLDAP image from cache
         if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
         run: docker load < /tmp/lldap-image.tar
+      - name: Download Docker image artifact
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: docker-image
+          path: /tmp
+
+      - name: Load Docker image
+        run: docker load -i /tmp/docker-image.tar
 
       - name: Install test dependencies
-        working-directory: ./tests
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-tests install --frozen-lockfile
-        run: npm ci
 
       - name: Install Playwright Browsers
         working-directory: ./tests
         if: steps.playwright-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: npx playwright install --with-deps chromium
+        run: pnpm exec playwright install --with-deps chromium
-
+      - name: Run Docker Container (sqlite) with LDAP
-      - name: Run Docker Container with Sqlite DB and LDAP
+        if: matrix.db == 'sqlite'
         working-directory: ./tests/setup
         run: |
           docker compose up -d
           docker compose logs -f pocket-id &> /tmp/backend.log &
 
+      - name: Run Docker Container (postgres) with LDAP
+        if: matrix.db == 'postgres'
+        working-directory: ./tests/setup
+        run: |
+          docker compose -f docker-compose-postgres.yml up -d
+          docker compose -f docker-compose-postgres.yml logs -f pocket-id &> /tmp/backend.log &
+
       - name: Run Playwright tests
         working-directory: ./tests
-        run: npx playwright test
+        run: pnpm exec playwright test
 
       - name: Upload Test Report
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
         with:
-          name: playwright-report-sqlite
+          name: playwright-report-${{ matrix.db }}
           path: tests/.report
           include-hidden-files: true
           retention-days: 15
@@ -127,111 +156,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
         with:
-          name: backend-sqlite
+          name: backend-${{ matrix.db }}
-          path: /tmp/backend.log
-          include-hidden-files: true
-          retention-days: 15
-
-  test-postgres:
-    if: github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: write
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: build
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: 22
-          cache: "npm"
-          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
-
-      - name: Cache Playwright Browsers
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        id: playwright-cache
-        with:
-          path: ~/.cache/ms-playwright
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-${{ hashFiles('frontend/package-lock.json') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-playwright-
-
-      - name: Cache PostgreSQL Docker image
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        id: postgres-cache
-        with:
-          path: /tmp/postgres-image.tar
-          key: postgres-17-${{ runner.os }}
-
-      - name: Pull and save PostgreSQL image
-        if: steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: |
-          docker pull postgres:17
-          docker save postgres:17 > /tmp/postgres-image.tar
-
-      - name: Load PostgreSQL image from cache
-        if: steps.postgres-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
-        run: docker load < /tmp/postgres-image.tar
-
-      - name: Cache LLDAP Docker image
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        id: lldap-cache
-        with:
-          path: /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-          key: lldap-stable-${{ runner.os }}
-
-      - name: Pull and save LLDAP image
-        if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: |
-          docker pull nitnelave/lldap:stable
-          docker save nitnelave/lldap:stable > /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-
-      - name: Load LLDAP image from cache
-        if: steps.lldap-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
-        run: docker load < /tmp/lldap-image.tar
-
-      - name: Download Docker image artifact
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: docker-image
-          path: /tmp
-
-      - name: Load Docker image
-        run: docker load -i /tmp/docker-image.tar
-
-      - name: Install test dependencies
-        working-directory: ./tests
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Install Playwright Browsers
-        working-directory: ./tests
-        if: steps.playwright-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
-        run: npx playwright install --with-deps chromium
-
-      - name: Run Docker Container with Postgres DB and LDAP
-        working-directory: ./tests/setup
-        run: |
-          docker compose -f docker-compose-postgres.yml up -d
-          docker compose -f docker-compose-postgres.yml logs -f pocket-id &> /tmp/backend.log &
-
-      - name: Run Playwright tests
-        working-directory: ./tests
-        run: npx playwright test
-
-      - name: Upload Test Report
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-        with:
-          name: playwright-report-postgres
-          path: frontend/tests/.report
-          include-hidden-files: true
-          retention-days: 15
-
-      - name: Upload Backend Test Report
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: always() && github.event.pull_request.head.ref != 'i18n_crowdin'
-        with:
-          name: backend-postgres
           path: /tmp/backend.log
           include-hidden-files: true
           retention-days: 15

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: Release
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - "v*.*.*"
+      - 'v*.*.*'
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -16,15 +16,19 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          version: 10
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: "npm"
+          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
+          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
       - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version-file: "backend/go.mod"
+          go-version-file: 'backend/go.mod'
       - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
       - name: Set up Docker Buildx
@@ -57,16 +61,16 @@ jobs:
         with:
           images: |
             ${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}
+          flavor: |
+            suffix=-distroless,onlatest=true
           tags: |
-            type=semver,pattern={{version}}-distroless,prefix=v
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}},prefix=v
-            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}-distroless,prefix=v
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}},prefix=v
-            type=semver,pattern={{major}}-distroless,prefix=v
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}},prefix=v
       - name: Install frontend dependencies
-        working-directory: frontend
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend install --frozen-lockfile
-        run: npm ci
       - name: Build frontend
-        working-directory: frontend
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend build
-        run: npm run build
       - name: Build binaries
         run: sh scripts/development/build-binaries.sh
       - name: Build and push container image
@@ -92,17 +96,17 @@ jobs:
       - name: Binary attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-path: "backend/.bin/pocket-id-**"
+          subject-path: 'backend/.bin/pocket-id-**'
       - name: Container image attestation
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
+          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Container image attestation (distroless)
         uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v2
         with:
-          subject-name: "${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}"
+          subject-name: '${{ env.DOCKER_IMAGE_NAME }}'
           subject-digest: ${{ steps.container-build-push-distroless.outputs.digest }}
           push-to-registry: true
       - name: Upload binaries to release
@@ -119,6 +123,6 @@ jobs:
       GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Mark release as published
         run: gh release edit ${{ github.ref_name }} --draft=false

.github/workflows/svelte-check.yml

@@ -4,21 +4,21 @@ on:
   push:
     branches: [main]
     paths:
-      - "frontend/src/**"
+      - 'frontend/src/**'
-      - ".github/svelte-check-matcher.json"
+      - '.github/svelte-check-matcher.json'
-      - "frontend/package.json"
+      - 'frontend/package.json'
-      - "frontend/package-lock.json"
+      - 'frontend/package-lock.json'
-      - "frontend/tsconfig.json"
+      - 'frontend/tsconfig.json'
-      - "frontend/svelte.config.js"
+      - 'frontend/svelte.config.js'
   pull_request:
     branches: [main]
     paths:
-      - "frontend/src/**"
+      - 'frontend/src/**'
-      - ".github/svelte-check-matcher.json"
+      - '.github/svelte-check-matcher.json'
-      - "frontend/package.json"
+      - 'frontend/package.json'
-      - "frontend/package-lock.json"
+      - 'frontend/package-lock.json'
-      - "frontend/tsconfig.json"
+      - 'frontend/tsconfig.json'
-      - "frontend/svelte.config.js"
+      - 'frontend/svelte.config.js'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -36,24 +36,28 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - name: Setup pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          version: 10
+
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v4
         with:
           node-version: 22
-          cache: "npm"
+          cache: 'pnpm'
-          cache-dependency-path: frontend/package-lock.json
+          cache-dependency-path: pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        working-directory: frontend
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend install --frozen-lockfile
-        run: npm ci
 
       - name: Build Pocket ID Frontend
         working-directory: frontend
-        run: npm run build
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend build
 
       - name: Add svelte-check problem matcher
         run: echo "::add-matcher::.github/svelte-check-matcher.json"
 
       - name: Run svelte-check
         working-directory: frontend
-        run: npm run check
+        run: pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend check

.version

@@ -1 +1 @@
-1.6.0
+1.9.0

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,3 +1,90 @@
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.8.1...v) (2025-08-24)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* support automatic db migration rollbacks ([#874](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/874)) ([c114a2e](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/c114a2edaae4c007c75c34c02e8b0bb011845cae))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* don't force uuid for client id in postgres ([2ffc6ba](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/2ffc6ba42af4742a13b77543142b66b3e826ab88))
+* ensure SQLite has a writable temporary directory ([#876](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/876)) ([1f3550c](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/1f3550c9bd3aafd3bd2272ef47f3ed8736037d81))
+* sort order incorrect for apps when using postgres ([d0392d2](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/d0392d25edcaa5f3c7da2aad70febf63b47763fa))
+
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.8.0...v) (2025-08-24)
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* migration clears allowed users groups ([5971bfb](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/5971bfbfa66ecfebf2b1c08d34fcbd8c18cdc046))
+* wrong column type for reauthentication tokens in Postgres ([#869](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/869)) ([1283314](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/1283314f776a0ba43be7d796e7e2243e31f860de))
+
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.7.0...v) (2025-08-23)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* add option to OIDC client to require re-authentication ([#747](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/747)) ([0cb039d](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/0cb039d35d49206011064e622f3bfd3d8f88720f))
+* allow custom client IDs ([#864](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/864)) ([a5efb95](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/a5efb9506582884c70b9b1fd737ebdd44b101b47))
+* display all accessible oidc clients in the dashboard ([#832](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/832)) ([3188e92](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/3188e92257afcaf7a16dd418e4c40626d7e1d034))
+* login code font change ([#851](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/851)) ([d28bfac](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/d28bfac81fc24ee79e4896538a616f0a89ab30a5))
+* **signup:** add default user groups and claims for new users ([#812](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/812)) ([182d809](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/182d8090286f9953171c6c410283be679889aca7))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* authorization can't be revoked ([0aab3f3](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/0aab3f3c7ad8c1b14939de3ded60c9f201eab8fc))
+* delete webauthn session after login to prevent replay attacks ([fe003b9](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/fe003b927ce7772692439992860c804de89ce424))
+* **deps:** bump rollup from 4.45.3 to 4.46.3 ([#845](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/845)) ([b5e6371](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/b5e6371eaaf3d9e85d8b05c457487c4425fa8381))
+* enable foreign key check for sqlite ([#863](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/863)) ([625f235](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/625f23574001ebd7074b8d98d448a2811847be16))
+* ferated identities can't be cleared ([24e2742](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/24e274200fe4002d01c58cc3fa74094b598d7599))
+* for one-time access tokens and signup tokens, pass TTLs instead of absolute expiration date ([#855](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/855)) ([7ab0fd3](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/7ab0fd30286e6b67b5ce586484d82a20c42b471d))
+* ignore client secret if client is public ([#836](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/836)) ([7b1f6b8](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/7b1f6b88572bac1f3e838a9e904917fbd5fbdf61))
+* move audit log call before TX is committed ([#854](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/854)) ([9339e88](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/9339e88a5a26ff77a5e40149cbb1a5b339b7ec6a))
+* non admin users can't revoke oidc client but see edit link ([0e44f24](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/0e44f245afcdf8179bf619613ca9ef4bffa176ca))
+* oidc client advanced options color ([fc0c99a](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/fc0c99a232b0efb1a5b5d2c551102418b1080293))
+
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.6.4...v) (2025-08-10)
+
+
+### Features
+
+* add robots.txt to block indexing ([#806](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/806)) ([06e1656](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/06e1656923eb2f4531be497716f9147c09d60b65))
+* add support for `code_challenge_methods_supported` ([#794](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/794)) ([d479817](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/d479817b6a7ca4807b5de500b3ba713d436b0770))
+* Support OTel and JSON for logs (via log/slog) ([#760](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/760)) ([78266e3](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/78266e3e4cab2b23249c3baf20f4387d00eebd9e))
+* support reading secret env vars from _FILE ([#799](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/799)) ([0a3b1c6](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/0a3b1c653050f2237d30ec437c5de88baa704a25))
+* user application dashboard ([#727](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/727)) ([484c2f6](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/484c2f6ef20efc1fade1a41e2aeace54c7bb4f1b))
+
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* admins can not delete or disable their own account ([f0c144c](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/f0c144c51c635bc348222a00d3bc88bc4e0711ef))
+* authorization animation not working ([9ac5d51](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/9ac5d5118710cad59c8c4ce7cef7ab09be3de664))
+* custom claims input suggestions instantly close after opening ([4d59e72](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/4d59e7286666480e20c728787a95e82513509240))
+* delete WebAuthn registration session after use ([#783](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/783)) ([c8478d7](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/c8478d75bed7295625cd3cf62ef46fcd95902410))
+* set input type 'email' for email-based login ([#776](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/776)) ([d541c9a](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/d541c9ab4af8d7283891a80f886dd5d4ebc52f53))
+
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.6.3...v) (2025-07-21)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* migration fails on postgres ([#762](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/762)) ([35d5f88](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/35d5f887ce7c88933d7e4c2f0acd2aeedd18c214))
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.6.2...v) (2025-07-21)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* allow passkey names up to 50 characters ([b03e91b](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/b03e91b6530c2393ad20ac49aa2cb2b4962651b2))
+* ensure user inputs are normalized ([#724](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/724)) ([7b4ccd1](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/7b4ccd1f306f4882c52fe30133fcda114ef0d18b))
+* show rename and delete buttons for passkeys without hovering over the row ([2952b15](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/2952b1575542ecd0062fe740e2d6a3caad05190d))
+* use object-contain for images on oidc-client list ([d3bc179](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/d3bc1797b65ec8bc9201c55d06f3612093f3a873))
+* use user-agent for identifying known device signins ([ef1d599](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/ef1d5996624fc534190f80a26f2c48bbad206f49))
+## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.6.1...v) (2025-07-09)
+
+### Bug Fixes
+
+* ensure confirmation dialog shows on top of other components ([f103a54](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/f103a547904070c5b192e519c8b5a8fed9d80e96))
+* login failures on Postgres when IP is null ([#737](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/issues/737)) ([e1de593](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/commit/e1de593dcd30b7b04da3b003455134992b702595))
 ## [](https://github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/compare/v1.5.0...v) (2025-07-06)
 
 

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Before you submit the pull request for review please ensure that
   - **refactor** - code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature
 
 - Your pull request has a detailed description
-- You run `npm run format` to format the code
+- You run `pnpm format` to format the code
 
 ## Development Environment
 
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ If you use [Dev Containers](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/containers
 If you don't use Dev Containers, you need to install the following tools manually:
 
 - [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/en/download/) >= 22
-- [Go](https://golang.org/doc/install) >= 1.24
+- [Go](https://golang.org/doc/install) >= 1.25
 - [Git](https://git-scm.com/downloads)
 
 ### 2. Setup
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@ The backend is built with [Gin](https://gin-gonic.com) and written in Go. To set
 
 The frontend is built with [SvelteKit](https://kit.svelte.dev) and written in TypeScript. To set it up, follow these steps:
 
-1. Open the `frontend` folder
+1. Open the `pocket-id` project folder
-2. Copy the `.env.development-example` file to `.env` and edit the variables as needed
+2. Copy the `frontend/.env.development-example` file to `frontend/.env` and edit the variables as needed
-3. Install the dependencies with `npm install`
+3. Install the dependencies with `pnpm install`
-4. Start the frontend with `npm run dev`
+4. Start the frontend with `pnpm dev`
 
 You're all set! The application is now listening on `localhost:3000`. The backend gets proxied trough the frontend in development mode.
 
@@ -84,11 +84,13 @@ If you are contributing to a new feature please ensure that you add tests for it
 
 The tests can be run like this:
 
-1. Visit the setup folder by running `cd tests/setup`
+1. Install the dependencies from the root of the project `pnpm install`
 
-2. Start the test environment by running `docker compose up -d --build`
+2. Visit the setup folder by running `cd tests/setup`
 
-3. Go back to the test folder by running `cd ..`
+3. Start the test environment by running `docker compose up -d --build`
-4. Run the tests with `npx playwright test`
+
+4. Go back to the test folder by running `cd ..`
+5. Run the tests with `pnpm dlx playwright test` or from the root project folder `pnpm test`
 
 If you make any changes to the application, you have to rebuild the test environment by running `docker compose up -d --build` again.

Dockerfile

@@ -5,21 +5,27 @@ ARG BUILD_TAGS=""
 
 # Stage 1: Build Frontend
 FROM node:22-alpine AS frontend-builder
+RUN corepack enable
+
 WORKDIR /build
-COPY ./frontend/package*.json ./
+
-RUN npm ci
+COPY pnpm-workspace.yaml pnpm-lock.yaml ./
-COPY ./frontend ./
+COPY frontend/package.json ./frontend/
-RUN BUILD_OUTPUT_PATH=dist npm run build
+RUN pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend install --frozen-lockfile
+
+COPY ./frontend ./frontend/
+
+RUN BUILD_OUTPUT_PATH=dist pnpm --filter pocket-id-frontend run build
 
 # Stage 2: Build Backend
-FROM golang:1.24-alpine AS backend-builder
+FROM golang:1.25-alpine AS backend-builder
 ARG BUILD_TAGS
 WORKDIR /build
 COPY ./backend/go.mod ./backend/go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download
 
 COPY ./backend ./
-COPY --from=frontend-builder /build/dist ./frontend/dist
+COPY --from=frontend-builder /build/frontend/dist ./frontend/dist
 COPY .version .version
 
 WORKDIR /build/cmd
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@ RUN VERSION=$(cat /build/.version) \
     -tags "${BUILD_TAGS}" \
     -ldflags="-X github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common.Version=${VERSION} -buildid=${VERSION}" \
     -trimpath \
-    -o /build/pocket-id-backend \
+    -o /build/pocket-id \
     .
 
 # Stage 3: Production Image
@@ -39,7 +45,7 @@ WORKDIR /app
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache curl su-exec
 
-COPY --from=backend-builder /build/pocket-id-backend /app/pocket-id
+COPY --from=backend-builder /build/pocket-id /app/pocket-id
 COPY ./scripts/docker /app/docker
 
 RUN chmod +x /app/pocket-id && \

backend/go.mod

@@ -1,98 +1,108 @@
 module github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend
 
-go 1.24.0
+go 1.25
 
 require (
 	github.com/caarlos0/env/v11 v11.3.1
-	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.2
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3
 	github.com/disintegration/imageorient v0.0.0-20180920195336-8147d86e83ec
 	github.com/disintegration/imaging v1.6.2
 	github.com/emersion/go-sasl v0.0.0-20200509203442-7bfe0ed36a21
 	github.com/emersion/go-smtp v0.21.3
-	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.7.0
+	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0
-	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
+	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.1
+	github.com/glebarez/go-sqlite v1.22.0
 	github.com/glebarez/sqlite v1.11.0
-	github.com/go-co-op/gocron/v2 v2.15.0
+	github.com/go-co-op/gocron/v2 v2.16.3
 	github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3 v3.4.10
-	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.25.0
+	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.27.0
 	github.com/go-webauthn/webauthn v0.11.2
-	github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4 v4.18.2
+	github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4 v4.18.3
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.3
 	github.com/jinzhu/copier v0.4.0
 	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1
-	github.com/lestrrat-go/httprc/v3 v3.0.0-beta2
+	github.com/lestrrat-go/httprc/v3 v3.0.0
-	github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3 v3.0.1
+	github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3 v3.0.10
+	github.com/lmittmann/tint v1.1.2
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20
 	github.com/mileusna/useragent v1.3.5
-	github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2 v2.0.0-beta.2
+	github.com/orandin/slog-gorm v1.4.0
+	github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8
+	github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.10.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog v0.12.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/exporters/autoexport v0.59.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/otelgin v0.60.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.54.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.35.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.37.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.35.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.13.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.37.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.35.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log v0.10.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric v1.35.0
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.35.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.37.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.37.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0
-	golang.org/x/image v0.24.0
+	golang.org/x/image v0.30.0
-	golang.org/x/time v0.9.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0
-	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.5.11
+	golang.org/x/time v0.12.0
-	gorm.io/gorm v1.25.12
+	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.6.0
+	gorm.io/gorm v1.30.1
 )
 
 require (
 	github.com/Azure/go-ntlmssp v0.0.0-20221128193559-754e69321358 // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.12.10 // indirect
+	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.14.0 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.5 // indirect
+	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.6 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/decred/dcrd/dcrec/secp256k1/v4 v4.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/disintegration/gift v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
-	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.8 // indirect
+	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.9 // indirect
-	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/glebarez/go-sqlite v1.21.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-asn1-ber/asn1-ber v1.5.7 // indirect
-	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
-	github.com/go-webauthn/x v0.1.16 // indirect
+	github.com/go-webauthn/x v0.1.23 // indirect
 	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 // indirect
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.3 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-github/v39 v39.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-tpm v0.9.5 // indirect
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.26.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 // indirect
-	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.2 // indirect
+	github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.5 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 // indirect
 	github.com/jonboulle/clockwork v0.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.10 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/lestrrat-go/blackmagic v1.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/lestrrat-go/blackmagic v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/lestrrat-go/httpcc v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/lestrrat-go/option v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/lestrrat-go/option/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.9 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.24 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
 	github.com/ncruces/go-strftime v0.1.9 // indirect
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.22.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.6.1 // indirect
@@ -103,7 +113,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.6 // indirect
 	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 // indirect
+	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/valyala/fastjson v1.6.4 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/prometheus v0.59.0 // indirect
@@ -118,23 +129,21 @@ require (
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdoutlog v0.10.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdoutmetric v1.35.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.35.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.10.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log v0.10.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.5.0 // indirect
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.11.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/arch v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/arch v0.20.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250506013437-ce4c2cf36ca6 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250813145105-42675adae3e6 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.38.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.27.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.33.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.24.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250218202821-56aae31c358a // indirect
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.71.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.5 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.7 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
-	modernc.org/libc v1.65.6 // indirect
+	modernc.org/libc v1.66.7 // indirect
 	modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 // indirect
-	modernc.org/memory v1.10.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 // indirect
-	modernc.org/sqlite v1.37.0 // indirect
+	modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2 // indirect
 )

backend/go.sum

@@ -8,30 +8,28 @@ github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20231016080023-1a75b4708caa h1:LHTHcTQiSGT7V
 github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20231016080023-1a75b4708caa/go.mod h1:cEWa1LVoE5KvSD9ONXsZrj0z6KqySlCCNKHlLzbqAt4=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.12.10 h1:uVCQr6oS5669E9ZVW0HyksTLfNS7Q/9hV6IVS4nEMsI=
+github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.14.0 h1:/OfKt8HFw0kh2rj8N0F6C/qPGRESq0BbaNZgcNXXzQQ=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.12.10/go.mod h1:uVvFidNmlt9+wa31S1urfwwthTWteBgG0hWuoKAXTx8=
+github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.14.0/go.mod h1:WoEbx8WTcFJfzCe0hbmyTGrfjt8PzNEBdxlNUO24NhA=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1/go.mod h1:ncP89zfokxS5LZrJxl5z0UJcsk4M4yY2JpfqGeCtNLU=
+github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.3.0 h1:dskwH8edlzNMctoruo8FPTJDF3vLtDT0sXZwvZJyqeA=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.2.3 h1:yctD0Q3v2NOGfSWPLPvG2ggA2kV6TS6s4wioyEqssH0=
+github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.3.0/go.mod h1:N8A3vUdtUebEY2/VQC0MyhYeKUFosQU6FxH2JmUe6VI=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.2.3/go.mod h1:N8A3vUdtUebEY2/VQC0MyhYeKUFosQU6FxH2JmUe6VI=
 github.com/caarlos0/env/v11 v11.3.1 h1:cArPWC15hWmEt+gWk7YBi7lEXTXCvpaSdCiZE2X5mCA=
 github.com/caarlos0/env/v11 v11.3.1/go.mod h1:qupehSf/Y0TUTsxKywqRt/vJjN5nz6vauiYEUUr8P4U=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 h1:MyRJ/UdXutAwSAT+s3wNd7MfTIcy71VQueUuFK343L8=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
-github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.2 h1:rIfFVxEf1QsI7E1ZHfp/B4DF/6QBAUhmgkxc0H7Zss8=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3 h1:ZN+IMa753KfX5hd8vVaMixjnqRZ3y8CuJKRKj1xcsSM=
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@@ -157,10 +163,8 @@ github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 h1:PV8peI4a0ysnczrg+LtxykD8LfKY9ML6u2jnxaEnr
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@@ -169,18 +173,22 @@ github.com/kylelemons/godebug v1.1.0 h1:RPNrshWIDI6G2gRW9EHilWtl7Z6Sb1BR0xunSBf0
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 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.24 h1:tpSp2G2KyMnnQu99ngJ47EIkWVmliIizyZBfPrBWDRM=
@@ -208,10 +216,12 @@ github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 h1:apOUWs51W5PlhuyGyz9FCeeBIOUDA/6nW8
 github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0/go.mod h1:0JzlMkj0TRzQZfJkVvzbP0HBR3IKzErnv2BNG4W4MAM=
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 github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.0/go.mod h1:W4s4sFTMaBeK1BQLXbG4AdM2szdn85PY75RI83NrTrM=
-github.com/oschwald/maxminddb-golang/v2 v2.0.0-beta.2 h1:jG+FaCBv3h6GD5F+oenTfe3+0NmX8sCKjni5k3A5Dek=
+github.com/orandin/slog-gorm v1.4.0 h1:FgA8hJufF9/jeNSYoEXmHPPBwET2gwlF3B85JdpsTUU=
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+github.com/orandin/slog-gorm v1.4.0/go.mod h1:MoZ51+b7xE9lwGNPYEhxcUtRNrYzjdcKvA8QXQQGEPA=
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@@ -231,6 +241,8 @@ github.com/robfig/cron/v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:eQICP3HwyT7UooqI/z+Ov+PtYAWygg1TEWWzG
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.13.1 h1:KvO1DLK/DRN07sQ1LQKScxyZJuNnedQ5/wKSR38lUII=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.13.1/go.mod h1:uMEvuHeurkdAXX61udpOXGD/AzZDWNMNyH2VO9fmH0o=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
+github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1 h1:jsnfr+S5HQPlz9pFPA3tOmKW7wN/znyZiE6hncucrTM=
+github.com/samber/slog-gin v1.15.1/go.mod h1:mPAEinK/g2jPLauuWO11m3Q0Ca7aG4k9XjXjXY8IhMQ=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0 h1:9BQrFxC+YOHJlTlHGkTrFWf59nbL3XnCoFLTwDCI7ys=
 github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0/go.mod h1:BqMnlJP91P8d+4ibuonYZw9mfnzI9HfxselHZr5aAcs=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v1.9.1 h1:CXSaggrXdbHK9CF+8ywj8Amf7PBRmPCOJugH954Nnlo=
@@ -240,7 +252,6 @@ github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.6/go.mod h1:McXfInJRrz4CZXVZOBLb0bTZqETkiAhM9Iw0y3An
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
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 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
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@@ -248,18 +259,21 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
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-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
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-github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 h1:9LC83zGrHhuUA9l16C9AHXAqEV/2wBQ4nkvumAE65EE=
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 go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 h1:cH53jehLUN6UFLY71z+NDOiNJqDdPRaXzTel0sJySYA=
 go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0/go.mod h1:3wSPjt5PWp2RhlCcmmOial7AvC4DQqZb7a7wCow3W8A=
+go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog v0.12.0 h1:lFM7SZo8Ce01RzRfnUFQZEYeWRf/MtOA3A5MobOqk2g=
+go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog v0.12.0/go.mod h1:Dw05mhFtrKAYu72Tkb3YBYeQpRUJ4quDgo2DQw3No5A=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/prometheus v0.59.0 h1:HY2hJ7yn3KuEBBBsKxvF3ViSmzLwsgeNvD+0utRMgzc=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/prometheus v0.59.0/go.mod h1:H4H7vs8766kwFnOZVEGMJFVF+phpBSmTckvvNRdJeDI=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/exporters/autoexport v0.59.0 h1:dKhAFwh7SSoOw+gwMtSv+XLkUGTFAwAGMT3X3XSE4FA=
@@ -268,8 +282,8 @@ go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/otelgin v0.
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/otelgin v0.60.0/go.mod h1:ZvRTVaYYGypytG0zRp2A60lpj//cMq3ZnxYdZaljVBM=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.54.0 h1:TT4fX+nBOA/+LUkobKGW1ydGcn+G3vRw9+g5HwCphpk=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.54.0/go.mod h1:L7UH0GbB0p47T4Rri3uHjbpCFYrVrwc1I25QhNPiGK8=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.35.0 h1:xKWKPxrxB6OtMCbmMY021CqC45J+3Onta9MqjhnusiQ=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.37.0 h1:9zhNfelUvx0KBfu/gb+ZgeAfAgtWrfHJZcAqFC228wQ=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.35.0/go.mod h1:UEqy8Zp11hpkUrL73gSlELM0DupHoiq72dR+Zqel/+Y=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.37.0/go.mod h1:ehE/umFRLnuLa/vSccNq9oS1ErUlkkK71gMcN34UG8I=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploggrpc v0.10.0 h1:5dTKu4I5Dn4P2hxyW3l3jTaZx9ACgg0ECos1eAVrheY=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploggrpc v0.10.0/go.mod h1:P5HcUI8obLrCCmM3sbVBohZFH34iszk/+CPWuakZWL8=
 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlplog/otlploghttp v0.10.0 h1:q/heq5Zh8xV1+7GoMGJpTxM2Lhq5+bFxB29tshuRuw0=
@@ -292,47 +306,49 @@ go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdoutmetric v1.35.0 h1:PB3Zrjs1sG1GBX
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 go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/stdout/stdouttrace v1.35.0/go.mod h1:30v2gqH+vYGJsesLWFov8u47EpYTcIQcBjKpI6pJThg=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.10.0 h1:1CXmspaRITvFcjA4kyVszuG4HjA61fPDxMb7q3BuyF0=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.13.0 h1:yoxRoIZcohB6Xf0lNv9QIyCzQvrtGZklVbdCoyb7dls=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.10.0/go.mod h1:PbVdm9bXKku/gL0oFfUF4wwsQsOPlpo4VEqjvxih+FM=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log v0.13.0/go.mod h1:INKfG4k1O9CL25BaM1qLe0zIedOpvlS5Z7XgSbmN83E=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.35.0 h1:0znxYu2SNyuMSQT4Y9WDWej0VpcsxkuklLa4/siN90M=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.37.0 h1:mvwbQS5m0tbmqML4NqK+e3aDiO02vsf/WgbsdpcPoZE=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.35.0/go.mod h1:nKVFgxBZ2fReX6IlyW28MgZojkoAkJGaE8CpgeAU3oE=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.37.0/go.mod h1:04wGrZurHYKOc+RKeye86GwKiTb9FKm1WHtO+4EVr2E=
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-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.35.0 h1:dPpEfJu1sDIqruz7BHFG3c7528f6ddfSWfFDVt/xgMs=
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-golang.org/x/arch v0.14.0 h1:z9JUEZWr8x4rR0OU6c4/4t6E6jOZ8/QBS2bBYBm4tx4=
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 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
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@@ -344,8 +360,11 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.15.0/go.mod h1:idbUs1IY1+zTqbi8yxTbhexhEEk5ur9LInksu6HrEpk=
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@@ -353,8 +372,8 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.3.0/go.mod h1:FU7BRWz2tNW+3quACPkgCx/L+uEAv1htQ0V83Z9Rj+Y=
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@@ -367,8 +386,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.12.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
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@@ -379,6 +398,7 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.17.0/go.mod h1:lLRBjIVuehSbZlaOtGMbcMncT+aqLLLmKrsjNrUguwk=
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@@ -387,27 +407,29 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
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@@ -415,32 +437,33 @@ gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:hI93XBmqTisBFMUTm0b8Fm+jr3Dg1NNxqwp+5A1VGuI=
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 modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5 h1:nyqdV8q46KvTpZlsw66kWqwXRHdjIlJOhG6kxiV/9xI=
 modernc.org/gc/v2 v2.6.5/go.mod h1:YgIahr1ypgfe7chRuJi2gD7DBQiKSLMPgBQe9oIiito=
-modernc.org/libc v1.65.6 h1:OhJUhmuJ6MVZdqL5qmnd0/my46DKGFhSX4WOR7ijfyE=
+modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0 h1:HvEowk7LxcPd0eq6mVOAEMai46V+i7Jrj13t4AzuNks=
-modernc.org/libc v1.65.6/go.mod h1:MOiGAM9lrMBT9L8xT1nO41qYl5eg9gCp9/kWhz5L7WA=
+modernc.org/goabi0 v0.2.0/go.mod h1:CEFRnnJhKvWT1c1JTI3Avm+tgOWbkOu5oPA8eH8LnMI=
+modernc.org/libc v1.66.7 h1:rjhZ8OSCybKWxS1CJr0hikpEi6Vg+944Ouyrd+bQsoY=
+modernc.org/libc v1.66.7/go.mod h1:ln6tbWX0NH+mzApEoDRvilBvAWFt1HX7AUA4VDdVDPM=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1 h1:GCZVGXdaN8gTqB1Mf/usp1Y/hSqgI2vAGGP4jZMCxOU=
 modernc.org/mathutil v1.7.1/go.mod h1:4p5IwJITfppl0G4sUEDtCr4DthTaT47/N3aT6MhfgJg=
-modernc.org/memory v1.10.0 h1:fzumd51yQ1DxcOxSO+S6X7+QTuVU+n8/Aj7swYjFfC4=
+modernc.org/memory v1.11.0 h1:o4QC8aMQzmcwCK3t3Ux/ZHmwFPzE6hf2Y5LbkRs+hbI=
-modernc.org/memory v1.10.0/go.mod h1:/JP4VbVC+K5sU2wZi9bHoq2MAkCnrt2r98UGeSK7Mjw=
+modernc.org/memory v1.11.0/go.mod h1:/JP4VbVC+K5sU2wZi9bHoq2MAkCnrt2r98UGeSK7Mjw=
 modernc.org/opt v0.1.4 h1:2kNGMRiUjrp4LcaPuLY2PzUfqM/w9N23quVwhKt5Qm8=
 modernc.org/opt v0.1.4/go.mod h1:03fq9lsNfvkYSfxrfUhZCWPk1lm4cq4N+Bh//bEtgns=
 modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1 h1:+xyoGf15mM3NMlPDnFqrteY07klSFxLElE2PVuWIJ7w=
 modernc.org/sortutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:7ZI3a3REbai7gzCLcotuw9AC4VZVpYMjDzETGsSMqJE=
-modernc.org/sqlite v1.37.0 h1:s1TMe7T3Q3ovQiK2Ouz4Jwh7dw4ZDqbebSDTlSJdfjI=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2 h1:Aclu7+tgjgcQVShZqim41Bbw9Cho0y/7WzYptXqkEek=
-modernc.org/sqlite v1.37.0/go.mod h1:5YiWv+YviqGMuGw4V+PNplcyaJ5v+vQd7TQOgkACoJM=
+modernc.org/sqlite v1.38.2/go.mod h1:cPTJYSlgg3Sfg046yBShXENNtPrWrDX8bsbAQBzgQ5E=
 modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1 h1:UneZBkQA+DX2Rp35KcM69cSsNES9ly8mQWD71HKlOA0=
 modernc.org/strutil v1.2.1/go.mod h1:EHkiggD70koQxjVdSBM3JKM7k6L0FbGE5eymy9i3B9A=
 modernc.org/token v1.1.0 h1:Xl7Ap9dKaEs5kLoOQeQmPWevfnk/DM5qcLcYlA8ys6Y=
 modernc.org/token v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UGzOrNV1mAFSEB63lOFHIpNRUVMvYTc6yu1SMY/XTDM=
-nullprogram.com/x/optparse v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KdyPE+Igbe0jQUrVfMqDMeJQIJZEuyV7pjYmp6pbG50=

backend/internal/bootstrap/application_images_bootstrap.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package bootstrap
 
 import (
-	"log"
+	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ import (
 )
 
 // initApplicationImages copies the images from the images directory to the application-images directory
-func initApplicationImages() {
+func initApplicationImages() error {
 	dirPath := common.EnvConfig.UploadPath + "/application-images"
 
 	sourceFiles, err := resources.FS.ReadDir("images")
 	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		log.Fatalf("Error reading directory: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	destinationFiles, err := os.ReadDir(dirPath)
 	if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-		log.Fatalf("Error reading directory: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read directory: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Copy images from the images directory to the application-images directory if they don't already exist
@@ -35,9 +35,11 @@ func initApplicationImages() {
 
 		err := utils.CopyEmbeddedFileToDisk(srcFilePath, destFilePath)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("Error copying file: %v", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to copy file: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 func imageAlreadyExists(fileName string, destinationFiles []os.DirEntry) bool {

backend/internal/bootstrap/bootstrap.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package bootstrap
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"time"
 
 	_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/file"
@@ -14,16 +14,23 @@ import (
 )
 
 func Bootstrap(ctx context.Context) error {
-	initApplicationImages()
+	// Initialize the observability stack, including the logger, distributed tracing, and metrics
-
+	shutdownFns, httpClient, err := initObservability(ctx, common.EnvConfig.MetricsEnabled, common.EnvConfig.TracingEnabled)
-	// Initialize the tracer and metrics exporter
-	shutdownFns, httpClient, err := initOtel(ctx, common.EnvConfig.MetricsEnabled, common.EnvConfig.TracingEnabled)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry: %w", err)
 	}
+	slog.InfoContext(ctx, "Pocket ID is starting")
+
+	err = initApplicationImages()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize application images: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	// Connect to the database
-	db := NewDatabase()
+	db, err := NewDatabase()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize database: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	// Create all services
 	svc, err := initServices(ctx, db, httpClient)
@@ -62,7 +69,7 @@ func Bootstrap(ctx context.Context) error {
 		NewServiceRunner(shutdownFns...).
 		Run(shutdownCtx) //nolint:contextcheck
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("Error shutting down services: %v", err)
+		slog.Error("Error shutting down services", slog.Any("error", err))
 	}
 
 	return nil

backend/internal/bootstrap/db_bootstrap.go

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@ package bootstrap
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -14,23 +15,27 @@ import (
 	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database"
 	postgresMigrate "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/postgres"
 	sqliteMigrate "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/database/sqlite3"
+	_ "github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/github"
 	"github.com/golang-migrate/migrate/v4/source/iofs"
+	slogGorm "github.com/orandin/slog-gorm"
 	"gorm.io/driver/postgres"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+	gormLogger "gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+	sqliteutil "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/sqlite"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
 )
 
-func NewDatabase() (db *gorm.DB) {
+func NewDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
-	db, err := connectDatabase()
+	db, err = connectDatabase()
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to connect to database: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to database: %w", err)
 	}
 	sqlDb, err := db.DB()
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to get sql.DB: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get sql.DB: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Choose the correct driver for the database provider
@@ -42,23 +47,24 @@ func NewDatabase() (db *gorm.DB) {
 		driver, err = postgresMigrate.WithInstance(sqlDb, &postgresMigrate.Config{})
 	default:
 		// Should never happen at this point
-		log.Fatalf("unsupported database provider: %s", common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported database provider: %s", common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to create migration driver: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create migration driver: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Run migrations
 	if err := migrateDatabase(driver); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to run migrations: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to run migrations: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return db
+	return db, nil
 }
 
 func migrateDatabase(driver database.Driver) error {
-	// Use the embedded migrations
+	// Embedded migrations via iofs
-	source, err := iofs.New(resources.FS, "migrations/"+string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider))
+	path := "migrations/" + string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+	source, err := iofs.New(resources.FS, path)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create embedded migration source: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -68,14 +74,66 @@ func migrateDatabase(driver database.Driver) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create migration instance: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = m.Up()
+	requiredVersion, err := getRequiredMigrationVersion(path)
-	if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
+	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply migrations: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get last migration version: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	currentVersion, _, _ := m.Version()
+	if currentVersion > requiredVersion {
+		slog.Warn("Database version is newer than the application supports, possible downgrade detected", slog.Uint64("db_version", uint64(currentVersion)), slog.Uint64("app_version", uint64(requiredVersion)))
+		if !common.EnvConfig.AllowDowngrade {
+			return fmt.Errorf("database version (%d) is newer than application version (%d), downgrades are not allowed (set ALLOW_DOWNGRADE=true to enable)", currentVersion, requiredVersion)
+		}
+		slog.Info("Fetching migrations from GitHub to handle possible downgrades")
+		return migrateDatabaseFromGitHub(driver, requiredVersion)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.Migrate(requiredVersion); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply embedded migrations: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
+func migrateDatabaseFromGitHub(driver database.Driver, version uint) error {
+	srcURL := "github://pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources/migrations/" + string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)
+
+	m, err := migrate.NewWithDatabaseInstance(srcURL, "pocket-id", driver)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create GitHub migration instance: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.Migrate(version); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, migrate.ErrNoChange) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply GitHub migrations: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// getRequiredMigrationVersion reads the embedded migration files and returns the highest version number found.
+func getRequiredMigrationVersion(path string) (uint, error) {
+	entries, err := resources.FS.ReadDir(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to read migration directory: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var maxVersion uint
+	for _, entry := range entries {
+		if entry.IsDir() {
+			continue
+		}
+		name := entry.Name()
+		var version uint
+		n, err := fmt.Sscanf(name, "%d_", &version)
+		if err == nil && n == 1 {
+			if version > maxVersion {
+				maxVersion = version
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return maxVersion, nil
+}
+
 func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 	var dialector gorm.Dialector
 
@@ -85,13 +143,20 @@ func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 		if common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
 			return nil, errors.New("missing required env var 'DB_CONNECTION_STRING' for SQLite database")
 		}
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString, "file:") {
+
-			return nil, errors.New("invalid value for env var 'DB_CONNECTION_STRING': does not begin with 'file:'")
+		sqliteutil.RegisterSqliteFunctions()
-		}
+
-		connString, err := parseSqliteConnectionString(common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString)
+		connString, dbPath, err := parseSqliteConnectionString(common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
+
+		// Before we connect, also make sure that there's a temporary folder for SQLite to write its data
+		err = ensureSqliteTempDir(filepath.Dir(dbPath))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
 		dialector = sqlite.Open(connString)
 	case common.DbProviderPostgres:
 		if common.EnvConfig.DbConnectionString == "" {
@@ -105,38 +170,68 @@ func connectDatabase() (db *gorm.DB, err error) {
 	for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
 		db, err = gorm.Open(dialector, &gorm.Config{
 			TranslateError: true,
-			Logger:         getLogger(),
+			Logger:         getGormLogger(),
 		})
 		if err == nil {
+			slog.Info("Connected to database", slog.String("provider", string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)))
 			return db, nil
 		}
 
-		log.Printf("Attempt %d: Failed to initialize database. Retrying...", i)
+		slog.Warn("Failed to connect to database, will retry in 3s", slog.Int("attempt", i), slog.String("provider", string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)), slog.Any("error", err))
 		time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
 	}
 
+	slog.Error("Failed to connect to database after 3 attempts", slog.String("provider", string(common.EnvConfig.DbProvider)), slog.Any("error", err))
+
 	return nil, err
 }
 
+func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (parsedConnString string, dbPath string, err error) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(connString, "file:") {
+		connString = "file:" + connString
+	}
+
+	// Check if we're using an in-memory database
+	isMemoryDB := isSqliteInMemory(connString)
+
+	// Parse the connection string
+	connStringUrl, err := url.Parse(connString)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SQLite connection string: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Convert options for the old SQLite driver to the new one
+	convertSqlitePragmaArgs(connStringUrl)
+
+	// Add the default and required params
+	err = addSqliteDefaultParameters(connStringUrl, isMemoryDB)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("invalid SQLite connection string: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Get the absolute path to the database
+	// Here, we know for a fact that the ? is present
+	parsedConnString = connStringUrl.String()
+	idx := strings.IndexRune(parsedConnString, '?')
+	dbPath, err = filepath.Abs(parsedConnString[len("file:"):idx])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to determine absolute path to the database: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return parsedConnString, dbPath, nil
+}
+
 // The official C implementation of SQLite allows some additional properties in the connection string
 // that are not supported in the in the modernc.org/sqlite driver, and which must be passed as PRAGMA args instead.
 // To ensure that people can use similar args as in the C driver, which was also used by Pocket ID
 // previously (via github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3), we are converting some options.
-func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (string, error) {
+// Note this function updates connStringUrl.
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(connString, "file:") {
+func convertSqlitePragmaArgs(connStringUrl *url.URL) {
-		connString = "file:" + connString
-	}
-
-	connStringUrl, err := url.Parse(connString)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse SQLite connection string: %w", err)
-	}
-
 	// Reference: https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3?tab=readme-ov-file#connection-string
 	// This only includes a subset of options, excluding those that are not relevant to us
 	qs := make(url.Values, len(connStringUrl.Query()))
 	for k, v := range connStringUrl.Query() {
-		switch k {
+		switch strings.ToLower(k) {
 		case "_auto_vacuum", "_vacuum":
 			qs.Add("_pragma", "auto_vacuum("+v[0]+")")
 		case "_busy_timeout", "_timeout":
@@ -157,29 +252,186 @@ func parseSqliteConnectionString(connString string) (string, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Update the connStringUrl object
 	connStringUrl.RawQuery = qs.Encode()
-
-	return connStringUrl.String(), nil
 }
 
-func getLogger() logger.Interface {
+// Adds the default (and some required) parameters to the SQLite connection string.
-	isProduction := common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "production"
+// Note this function updates connStringUrl.
+func addSqliteDefaultParameters(connStringUrl *url.URL, isMemoryDB bool) error {
+	// This function include code adapted from https://github.com/dapr/components-contrib/blob/v1.14.6/
+	// Copyright (C) 2023 The Dapr Authors
+	// License: Apache2
+	const defaultBusyTimeout = 2500 * time.Millisecond
 
-	var logLevel logger.LogLevel
+	// Get the "query string" from the connection string if present
-	if isProduction {
+	qs := connStringUrl.Query()
-		logLevel = logger.Error
+	if len(qs) == 0 {
-	} else {
+		qs = make(url.Values, 2)
-		logLevel = logger.Info
 	}
 
-	return logger.New(
+	// If the database is in-memory, we must ensure that cache=shared is set
-		log.New(os.Stdout, "\r\n", log.LstdFlags),
+	if isMemoryDB {
-		logger.Config{
+		qs["cache"] = []string{"shared"}
-			SlowThreshold:             200 * time.Millisecond,
+	}
-			LogLevel:                  logLevel,
+
-			IgnoreRecordNotFoundError: isProduction,
+	// Check if the database is read-only or immutable
-			ParameterizedQueries:      isProduction,
+	isReadOnly := false
-			Colorful:                  !isProduction,
+	if len(qs["mode"]) > 0 {
-		},
+		// Keep the first value only
-	)
+		qs["mode"] = []string{
+			strings.ToLower(qs["mode"][0]),
+		}
+		if qs["mode"][0] == "ro" {
+			isReadOnly = true
+		}
+	}
+	if len(qs["immutable"]) > 0 {
+		// Keep the first value only
+		qs["immutable"] = []string{
+			strings.ToLower(qs["immutable"][0]),
+		}
+		if qs["immutable"][0] == "1" {
+			isReadOnly = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	// We do not want to override a _txlock if set, but we'll show a warning if it's not "immediate"
+	if len(qs["_txlock"]) > 0 {
+		// Keep the first value only
+		qs["_txlock"] = []string{
+			strings.ToLower(qs["_txlock"][0]),
+		}
+		if qs["_txlock"][0] != "immediate" {
+			slog.Warn("SQLite connection is being created with a _txlock different from the recommended value 'immediate'")
+		}
+	} else {
+		qs["_txlock"] = []string{"immediate"}
+	}
+
+	// Add pragma values
+	var hasBusyTimeout, hasJournalMode bool
+	if len(qs["_pragma"]) == 0 {
+		qs["_pragma"] = make([]string, 0, 3)
+	} else {
+		for _, p := range qs["_pragma"] {
+			p = strings.ToLower(p)
+			switch {
+			case strings.HasPrefix(p, "busy_timeout"):
+				hasBusyTimeout = true
+			case strings.HasPrefix(p, "journal_mode"):
+				hasJournalMode = true
+			case strings.HasPrefix(p, "foreign_keys"):
+				return errors.New("found forbidden option '_pragma=foreign_keys' in the connection string")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !hasBusyTimeout {
+		qs["_pragma"] = append(qs["_pragma"], fmt.Sprintf("busy_timeout(%d)", defaultBusyTimeout.Milliseconds()))
+	}
+	if !hasJournalMode {
+		switch {
+		case isMemoryDB:
+			// For in-memory databases, set the journal to MEMORY, the only allowed option besides OFF (which would make transactions ineffective)
+			qs["_pragma"] = append(qs["_pragma"], "journal_mode(MEMORY)")
+		case isReadOnly:
+			// Set the journaling mode to "DELETE" (the default) if the database is read-only
+			qs["_pragma"] = append(qs["_pragma"], "journal_mode(DELETE)")
+		default:
+			// Enable WAL
+			qs["_pragma"] = append(qs["_pragma"], "journal_mode(WAL)")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Forcefully enable foreign keys
+	qs["_pragma"] = append(qs["_pragma"], "foreign_keys(1)")
+
+	// Update the connStringUrl object
+	connStringUrl.RawQuery = qs.Encode()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// isSqliteInMemory returns true if the connection string is for an in-memory database.
+func isSqliteInMemory(connString string) bool {
+	lc := strings.ToLower(connString)
+
+	// First way to define an in-memory database is to use ":memory:" or "file::memory:" as connection string
+	if strings.HasPrefix(lc, ":memory:") || strings.HasPrefix(lc, "file::memory:") {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Another way is to pass "mode=memory" in the "query string"
+	idx := strings.IndexRune(lc, '?')
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	qs, _ := url.ParseQuery(lc[(idx + 1):])
+
+	return len(qs["mode"]) > 0 && qs["mode"][0] == "memory"
+}
+
+// ensureSqliteTempDir ensures that SQLite has a directory where it can write temporary files if needed
+// The default directory may not be writable when using a container with a read-only root file system
+// See: https://www.sqlite.org/tempfiles.html
+func ensureSqliteTempDir(dbPath string) error {
+	// Per docs, SQLite tries these folders in order (excluding those that aren't applicable to us):
+	//
+	// - The SQLITE_TMPDIR environment variable
+	// - The TMPDIR environment variable
+	// - /var/tmp
+	// - /usr/tmp
+	// - /tmp
+	//
+	// Source: https://www.sqlite.org/tempfiles.html#temporary_file_storage_locations
+	//
+	// First, let's check if SQLITE_TMPDIR or TMPDIR are set, in which case we trust the user has taken care of the problem already
+	if os.Getenv("SQLITE_TMPDIR") != "" || os.Getenv("TMPDIR") != "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Now, let's check if /var/tmp, /usr/tmp, or /tmp exist and are writable
+	for _, dir := range []string{"/var/tmp", "/usr/tmp", "/tmp"} {
+		ok, err := utils.IsWritableDir(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to check if %s is writable: %w", dir, err)
+		}
+		if ok {
+			// We found a folder that's writable
+			return nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If we're here, there's no temporary directory that's writable (not unusual for containers with a read-only root file system), so we set SQLITE_TMPDIR to the folder where the SQLite database is set
+	err := os.Setenv("SQLITE_TMPDIR", dbPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set SQLITE_TMPDIR environmental variable: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	slog.Debug("Set SQLITE_TMPDIR to the database directory", "path", dbPath)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func getGormLogger() gormLogger.Interface {
+	loggerOpts := make([]slogGorm.Option, 0, 5)
+	loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
+		slogGorm.WithSlowThreshold(200*time.Millisecond),
+		slogGorm.WithErrorField("error"),
+	)
+
+	if common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "production" {
+		loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
+			slogGorm.SetLogLevel(slogGorm.DefaultLogType, slog.LevelWarn),
+			slogGorm.WithIgnoreTrace(),
+		)
+	} else {
+		loggerOpts = append(loggerOpts,
+			slogGorm.SetLogLevel(slogGorm.DefaultLogType, slog.LevelDebug),
+			slogGorm.WithRecordNotFoundError(),
+			slogGorm.WithTraceAll(),
+		)
+	}
+
+	return slogGorm.New(loggerOpts...)
 }

backend/internal/bootstrap/db_bootstrap_test.go

@@ -8,23 +8,93 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-func TestParseSqliteConnectionString(t *testing.T) {
+func TestIsSqliteInMemory(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		name          string
+		name     string
-		input         string
+		connStr  string
-		expected      string
+		expected bool
-		expectedError bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "memory database with :memory:",
+			connStr:  ":memory:",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "memory database with file::memory:",
+			connStr:  "file::memory:",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "memory database with :MEMORY: (uppercase)",
+			connStr:  ":MEMORY:",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "memory database with FILE::MEMORY: (uppercase)",
+			connStr:  "FILE::MEMORY:",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "memory database with mixed case",
+			connStr:  ":Memory:",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "has mode=memory",
+			connStr:  "file:data?mode=memory",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "file database",
+			connStr:  "data.db",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "file database with path",
+			connStr:  "/path/to/data.db",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "file database with file: prefix",
+			connStr:  "file:data.db",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "empty string",
+			connStr:  "",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "string containing memory but not at start",
+			connStr:  "data:memory:.db",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "has mode=ro",
+			connStr:  "file:data?mode=ro",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := isSqliteInMemory(tt.connStr)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestConvertSqlitePragmaArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		expected string
 	}{
 		{
 			name:     "basic file path",
 			input:    "file:test.db",
 			expected: "file:test.db",
 		},
-		{
-			name:     "adds file: prefix if missing",
-			input:    "test.db",
-			expected: "file:test.db",
-		},
 		{
 			name:     "converts _busy_timeout to pragma",
 			input:    "file:test.db?_busy_timeout=5000",
@@ -100,46 +170,161 @@ func TestParseSqliteConnectionString(t *testing.T) {
 			input:    "file:test.db?_fk=1&mode=rw&_timeout=5000",
 			expected: "file:test.db?_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=busy_timeout%285000%29&mode=rw",
 		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			resultURL, _ := url.Parse(tt.input)
+			convertSqlitePragmaArgs(resultURL)
+
+			// Parse both URLs to compare components independently
+			expectedURL, err := url.Parse(tt.expected)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// Compare scheme and path components
+			compareQueryStrings(t, expectedURL, resultURL)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddSqliteDefaultParameters(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		input       string
+		isMemoryDB  bool
+		expected    string
+		expectError bool
+	}{
 		{
-			name:          "invalid URL format",
+			name:       "basic file database",
-			input:         "file:invalid#$%^&*@test.db",
+			input:      "file:test.db",
-			expectedError: true,
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_txlock=immediate",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "in-memory database",
+			input:      "file::memory:",
+			isMemoryDB: true,
+			expected:   "file::memory:?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28MEMORY%29&_txlock=immediate&cache=shared",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "read-only database with mode=ro",
+			input:      "file:test.db?mode=ro",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29&_txlock=immediate&mode=ro",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "immutable database",
+			input:      "file:test.db?immutable=1",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29&_txlock=immediate&immutable=1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with existing _txlock",
+			input:      "file:test.db?_txlock=deferred",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_txlock=deferred",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with existing busy_timeout pragma",
+			input:      "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%285000%29",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%285000%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_txlock=immediate",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with existing journal_mode pragma",
+			input:      "file:test.db?_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29&_txlock=immediate",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "database with forbidden foreign_keys pragma",
+			input:       "file:test.db?_pragma=foreign_keys%280%29",
+			isMemoryDB:  false,
+			expectError: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with multiple existing pragmas",
+			input:      "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%283000%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28TRUNCATE%29&_pragma=synchronous%28NORMAL%29",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%283000%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28TRUNCATE%29&_pragma=synchronous%28NORMAL%29&_txlock=immediate",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "in-memory database with cache already set",
+			input:      "file::memory:?cache=private",
+			isMemoryDB: true,
+			expected:   "file::memory:?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28MEMORY%29&_txlock=immediate&cache=shared",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with mode=rw (not read-only)",
+			input:      "file:test.db?mode=rw",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_txlock=immediate&mode=rw",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with immutable=0 (not immutable)",
+			input:      "file:test.db?immutable=0",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_txlock=immediate&immutable=0",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with mixed case mode=RO",
+			input:      "file:test.db?mode=RO",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29&_txlock=immediate&mode=ro",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "database with mixed case immutable=1",
+			input:      "file:test.db?immutable=1",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28DELETE%29&_txlock=immediate&immutable=1",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "complex database configuration",
+			input:      "file:test.db?cache=shared&mode=rwc&_txlock=immediate&_pragma=synchronous%28FULL%29",
+			isMemoryDB: false,
+			expected:   "file:test.db?_pragma=busy_timeout%282500%29&_pragma=foreign_keys%281%29&_pragma=journal_mode%28WAL%29&_pragma=synchronous%28FULL%29&_txlock=immediate&cache=shared&mode=rwc",
 		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result, err := parseSqliteConnectionString(tt.input)
+			resultURL, err := url.Parse(tt.input)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			if tt.expectedError {
+			err = addSqliteDefaultParameters(resultURL, tt.isMemoryDB)
+
+			if tt.expectError {
 				require.Error(t, err)
 				return
 			}
 
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			// Parse both URLs to compare components independently
 			expectedURL, err := url.Parse(tt.expected)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			resultURL, err := url.Parse(result)
+			compareQueryStrings(t, expectedURL, resultURL)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-
-			// Compare scheme and path components
-			assert.Equal(t, expectedURL.Scheme, resultURL.Scheme)
-			assert.Equal(t, expectedURL.Path, resultURL.Path)
-
-			// Compare query parameters regardless of order
-			expectedQuery := expectedURL.Query()
-			resultQuery := resultURL.Query()
-
-			assert.Len(t, expectedQuery, len(resultQuery))
-
-			for key, expectedValues := range expectedQuery {
-				resultValues, ok := resultQuery[key]
-				_ = assert.True(t, ok) &&
-					assert.ElementsMatch(t, expectedValues, resultValues)
-			}
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func compareQueryStrings(t *testing.T, expectedURL *url.URL, resultURL *url.URL) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	// Compare scheme and path components
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedURL.Scheme, resultURL.Scheme)
+	assert.Equal(t, expectedURL.Path, resultURL.Path)
+
+	// Compare query parameters regardless of order
+	expectedQuery := expectedURL.Query()
+	resultQuery := resultURL.Query()
+
+	assert.Len(t, expectedQuery, len(resultQuery))
+
+	for key, expectedValues := range expectedQuery {
+		resultValues, ok := resultQuery[key]
+		_ = assert.True(t, ok) &&
+			assert.ElementsMatch(t, expectedValues, resultValues)
+	}
+}

backend/internal/bootstrap/e2etest_router_bootstrap.go

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 package bootstrap
 
 import (
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -18,7 +19,8 @@ func init() {
 		func(apiGroup *gin.RouterGroup, db *gorm.DB, svc *services) {
 			testService, err := service.NewTestService(db, svc.appConfigService, svc.jwtService, svc.ldapService)
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatalf("failed to initialize test service: %v", err)
+				slog.Error("Failed to initialize test service", slog.Any("error", err))
+				os.Exit(1)
 				return
 			}
 

backend/internal/bootstrap/observability_boostrap.go

@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+package bootstrap
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/lmittmann/tint"
+	"github.com/mattn/go-isatty"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/bridges/otelslog"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/exporters/autoexport"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
+	globallog "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/log/global"
+	metricnoop "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric/noop"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/propagation"
+	sdklog "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/log"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
+	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
+	semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.30.0"
+	tracenoop "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/noop"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
+
+func defaultResource() (*resource.Resource, error) {
+	return resource.Merge(
+		resource.Default(),
+		resource.NewSchemaless(
+			semconv.ServiceName(common.Name),
+			semconv.ServiceVersion(common.Version),
+		),
+	)
+}
+
+func initObservability(ctx context.Context, metrics, traces bool) (shutdownFns []utils.Service, httpClient *http.Client, err error) {
+	resource, err := defaultResource()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create OpenTelemetry resource: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	shutdownFns = make([]utils.Service, 0, 2)
+
+	httpClient = &http.Client{}
+	defaultTransport, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok {
+		// Indicates a development-time error
+		panic("Default transport is not of type *http.Transport")
+	}
+	httpClient.Transport = defaultTransport.Clone()
+
+	// Logging
+	err = initOtelLogging(ctx, resource)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Tracing
+	tracingShutdownFn, err := initOtelTracing(ctx, traces, resource, httpClient)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	} else if tracingShutdownFn != nil {
+		shutdownFns = append(shutdownFns, tracingShutdownFn)
+	}
+
+	// Metrics
+	metricsShutdownFn, err := initOtelMetrics(ctx, metrics, resource)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	} else if metricsShutdownFn != nil {
+		shutdownFns = append(shutdownFns, metricsShutdownFn)
+	}
+
+	return shutdownFns, httpClient, nil
+}
+
+func initOtelLogging(ctx context.Context, resource *resource.Resource) error {
+	// If the env var OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER is empty, we set it to "none", for autoexport to work
+	if os.Getenv("OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER") == "" {
+		os.Setenv("OTEL_LOGS_EXPORTER", "none")
+	}
+	exp, err := autoexport.NewLogExporter(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry log exporter: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	level := slog.LevelDebug
+	if common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "production" {
+		level = slog.LevelInfo
+	}
+
+	// Create the handler
+	var handler slog.Handler
+	switch {
+	case common.EnvConfig.LogJSON:
+		// Log as JSON if configured
+		handler = slog.NewJSONHandler(os.Stdout, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+			Level: level,
+		})
+	case isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()):
+		// Enable colors if we have a TTY
+		handler = tint.NewHandler(os.Stdout, &tint.Options{
+			TimeFormat: time.StampMilli,
+			Level:      level,
+		})
+	default:
+		handler = slog.NewTextHandler(os.Stdout, &slog.HandlerOptions{
+			Level: level,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Create the logger provider
+	provider := sdklog.NewLoggerProvider(
+		sdklog.WithProcessor(
+			sdklog.NewBatchProcessor(exp),
+		),
+		sdklog.WithResource(resource),
+	)
+
+	// Set the logger provider globally
+	globallog.SetLoggerProvider(provider)
+
+	// Wrap the handler in a "fanout" one
+	handler = utils.LogFanoutHandler{
+		handler,
+		otelslog.NewHandler(common.Name, otelslog.WithLoggerProvider(provider)),
+	}
+
+	// Set the default slog to send logs to OTel and add the app name
+	log := slog.New(handler).
+		With(slog.String("app", common.Name)).
+		With(slog.String("version", common.Version))
+	slog.SetDefault(log)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func initOtelTracing(ctx context.Context, traces bool, resource *resource.Resource, httpClient *http.Client) (shutdownFn utils.Service, err error) {
+	if !traces {
+		otel.SetTracerProvider(tracenoop.NewTracerProvider())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	tr, err := autoexport.NewSpanExporter(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry span exporter: %w", err)
+	}
+	tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(
+		sdktrace.WithResource(resource),
+		sdktrace.WithBatcher(tr),
+	)
+
+	otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
+	otel.SetTextMapPropagator(
+		propagation.NewCompositeTextMapPropagator(
+			propagation.TraceContext{},
+			propagation.Baggage{},
+		),
+	)
+
+	shutdownFn = func(shutdownCtx context.Context) error { //nolint:contextcheck
+		tpCtx, tpCancel := context.WithTimeout(shutdownCtx, 10*time.Second)
+		defer tpCancel()
+		shutdownErr := tp.Shutdown(tpCtx)
+		if shutdownErr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to gracefully shut down traces exporter: %w", shutdownErr)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Add tracing to the HTTP client
+	httpClient.Transport = otelhttp.NewTransport(httpClient.Transport)
+
+	return shutdownFn, nil
+}
+
+func initOtelMetrics(ctx context.Context, metrics bool, resource *resource.Resource) (shutdownFn utils.Service, err error) {
+	if !metrics {
+		otel.SetMeterProvider(metricnoop.NewMeterProvider())
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	mr, err := autoexport.NewMetricReader(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry metric reader: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	mp := metric.NewMeterProvider(
+		metric.WithResource(resource),
+		metric.WithReader(mr),
+	)
+	otel.SetMeterProvider(mp)
+
+	shutdownFn = func(shutdownCtx context.Context) error { //nolint:contextcheck
+		mpCtx, mpCancel := context.WithTimeout(shutdownCtx, 10*time.Second)
+		defer mpCancel()
+		shutdownErr := mp.Shutdown(mpCtx)
+		if shutdownErr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to gracefully shut down metrics exporter: %w", shutdownErr)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return shutdownFn, nil
+}

backend/internal/bootstrap/otel_boostrap.go

@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-package bootstrap
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/exporters/autoexport"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
-	metricnoop "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric/noop"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/propagation"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/metric"
-	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
-	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
-	semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.30.0"
-	tracenoop "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace/noop"
-)
-
-func defaultResource() (*resource.Resource, error) {
-	return resource.Merge(
-		resource.Default(),
-		resource.NewSchemaless(
-			semconv.ServiceName("pocket-id-backend"),
-			semconv.ServiceVersion(common.Version),
-		),
-	)
-}
-
-func initOtel(ctx context.Context, metrics, traces bool) (shutdownFns []utils.Service, httpClient *http.Client, err error) {
-	resource, err := defaultResource()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create OpenTelemetry resource: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	shutdownFns = make([]utils.Service, 0, 2)
-
-	httpClient = &http.Client{}
-	defaultTransport, ok := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
-	if !ok {
-		// Indicates a development-time error
-		panic("Default transport is not of type *http.Transport")
-	}
-	httpClient.Transport = defaultTransport.Clone()
-
-	if traces {
-		tr, err := autoexport.NewSpanExporter(ctx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry span exporter: %w", err)
-		}
-		tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(
-			sdktrace.WithResource(resource),
-			sdktrace.WithBatcher(tr),
-		)
-
-		otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
-		otel.SetTextMapPropagator(
-			propagation.NewCompositeTextMapPropagator(
-				propagation.TraceContext{},
-				propagation.Baggage{},
-			),
-		)
-
-		shutdownFns = append(shutdownFns, func(shutdownCtx context.Context) error { //nolint:contextcheck
-			tpCtx, tpCancel := context.WithTimeout(shutdownCtx, 10*time.Second)
-			defer tpCancel()
-			shutdownErr := tp.Shutdown(tpCtx)
-			if shutdownErr != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to gracefully shut down traces exporter: %w", shutdownErr)
-			}
-			return nil
-		})
-
-		httpClient.Transport = otelhttp.NewTransport(httpClient.Transport)
-	} else {
-		otel.SetTracerProvider(tracenoop.NewTracerProvider())
-	}
-
-	if metrics {
-		mr, err := autoexport.NewMetricReader(ctx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize OpenTelemetry metric reader: %w", err)
-		}
-		mp := metric.NewMeterProvider(
-			metric.WithResource(resource),
-			metric.WithReader(mr),
-		)
-
-		otel.SetMeterProvider(mp)
-		shutdownFns = append(shutdownFns, func(shutdownCtx context.Context) error { //nolint:contextcheck
-			mpCtx, mpCancel := context.WithTimeout(shutdownCtx, 10*time.Second)
-			defer mpCancel()
-			shutdownErr := mp.Shutdown(mpCtx)
-			if shutdownErr != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to gracefully shut down metrics exporter: %w", shutdownErr)
-			}
-			return nil
-		})
-	} else {
-		otel.SetMeterProvider(metricnoop.NewMeterProvider())
-	}
-
-	return shutdownFns, httpClient, nil
-}

backend/internal/bootstrap/router_bootstrap.go

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/frontend"
-
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	sloggin "github.com/samber/slog-gin"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/github.com/gin-gonic/gin/otelgin"
 	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/frontend"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/controller"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/middleware"
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ var registerTestControllers []func(apiGroup *gin.RouterGroup, db *gorm.DB, svc *
 func initRouter(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) utils.Service {
 	runner, err := initRouterInternal(db, svc)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("failed to init router: %v", err)
+		slog.Error("Failed to init router", "error", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 	return runner
 }
@@ -60,21 +61,25 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 	}
 
 	r := gin.New()
-	r.Use(gin.LoggerWithConfig(gin.LoggerConfig{Skip: func(c *gin.Context) bool {
+	r.Use(sloggin.NewWithConfig(slog.Default(), sloggin.Config{
-		for _, prefix := range loggerSkipPathsPrefix {
+		Filters: []sloggin.Filter{
-			if strings.HasPrefix(c.Request.Method+" "+c.Request.URL.String(), prefix) {
+			func(c *gin.Context) bool {
+				for _, prefix := range loggerSkipPathsPrefix {
+					if strings.HasPrefix(c.Request.Method+" "+c.Request.URL.String(), prefix) {
+						return false
+					}
+				}
 				return true
-			}
+			},
-		}
+		},
-		return false
+	}))
-	}}))
 
 	if !common.EnvConfig.TrustProxy {
 		_ = r.SetTrustedProxies(nil)
 	}
 
 	if common.EnvConfig.TracingEnabled {
-		r.Use(otelgin.Middleware("pocket-id-backend"))
+		r.Use(otelgin.Middleware(common.Name))
 	}
 
 	rateLimitMiddleware := middleware.NewRateLimitMiddleware().Add(rate.Every(time.Second), 60)
@@ -85,7 +90,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 
 	err := frontend.RegisterFrontend(r)
 	if errors.Is(err, frontend.ErrFrontendNotIncluded) {
-		log.Println("Frontend is not included in the build. Skipping frontend registration.")
+		slog.Warn("Frontend is not included in the build. Skipping frontend registration.")
 	} else if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to register frontend: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -135,7 +140,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 		addr = common.EnvConfig.UnixSocket
 	}
 
-	listener, err := net.Listen(network, addr)
+	listener, err := net.Listen(network, addr) //nolint:noctx
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create %s listener: %w", network, err)
 	}
@@ -154,7 +159,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 
 	// Service runner function
 	runFn := func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		log.Printf("Server listening on %s", addr)
+		slog.Info("Server listening", slog.String("addr", addr))
 
 		// Start the server in a background goroutine
 		go func() {
@@ -163,7 +168,8 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 			// Next call blocks until the server is shut down
 			srvErr := srv.Serve(listener)
 			if srvErr != http.ErrServerClosed {
-				log.Fatalf("Error starting app server: %v", srvErr)
+				slog.Error("Error starting app server", "error", srvErr)
+				os.Exit(1)
 			}
 		}()
 
@@ -171,7 +177,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 		err = systemd.SdNotifyReady()
 		if err != nil {
 			// Log the error only
-			log.Printf("[WARN] Unable to notify systemd that the service is ready: %v", err)
+			slog.Warn("Unable to notify systemd that the service is ready", "error", err)
 		}
 
 		// Block until the context is canceled
@@ -184,7 +190,7 @@ func initRouterInternal(db *gorm.DB, svc *services) (utils.Service, error) {
 		shutdownCancel()
 		if shutdownErr != nil {
 			// Log the error only (could be context canceled)
-			log.Printf("[WARN] App server shutdown error: %v", shutdownErr)
+			slog.Warn("App server shutdown error", "error", shutdownErr)
 		}
 
 		return nil

backend/internal/bootstrap/services_bootstrap.go

@@ -29,7 +29,10 @@ type services struct {
 func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (svc *services, err error) {
 	svc = &services{}
 
-	svc.appConfigService = service.NewAppConfigService(ctx, db)
+	svc.appConfigService, err = service.NewAppConfigService(ctx, db)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create app config service: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	svc.emailService, err = service.NewEmailService(db, svc.appConfigService)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -38,19 +41,26 @@ func initServices(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB, httpClient *http.Client) (sv
 
 	svc.geoLiteService = service.NewGeoLiteService(httpClient)
 	svc.auditLogService = service.NewAuditLogService(db, svc.appConfigService, svc.emailService, svc.geoLiteService)
-	svc.jwtService = service.NewJwtService(db, svc.appConfigService)
+	svc.jwtService, err = service.NewJwtService(db, svc.appConfigService)
-	svc.userService = service.NewUserService(db, svc.jwtService, svc.auditLogService, svc.emailService, svc.appConfigService)
+	if err != nil {
-	svc.customClaimService = service.NewCustomClaimService(db)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create JWT service: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	svc.oidcService, err = service.NewOidcService(ctx, db, svc.jwtService, svc.appConfigService, svc.auditLogService, svc.customClaimService)
+	svc.customClaimService = service.NewCustomClaimService(db)
+	svc.webauthnService, err = service.NewWebAuthnService(db, svc.jwtService, svc.auditLogService, svc.appConfigService)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create WebAuthn service: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	svc.oidcService, err = service.NewOidcService(ctx, db, svc.jwtService, svc.appConfigService, svc.auditLogService, svc.customClaimService, svc.webauthnService)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create OIDC service: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	svc.userGroupService = service.NewUserGroupService(db, svc.appConfigService)
+	svc.userService = service.NewUserService(db, svc.jwtService, svc.auditLogService, svc.emailService, svc.appConfigService, svc.customClaimService)
 	svc.ldapService = service.NewLdapService(db, httpClient, svc.appConfigService, svc.userService, svc.userGroupService)
 	svc.apiKeyService = service.NewApiKeyService(db, svc.emailService)
-	svc.webauthnService = service.NewWebAuthnService(db, svc.jwtService, svc.auditLogService, svc.appConfigService)
 
 	return svc, nil
 }

backend/internal/cmds/key_rotate.go

@@ -30,7 +30,10 @@ func init() {
 		Use:   "key-rotate",
 		Short: "Generates a new token signing key and replaces the current one",
 		RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-			db := bootstrap.NewDatabase()
+			db, err := bootstrap.NewDatabase()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 
 			return keyRotate(cmd.Context(), flags, db, &common.EnvConfig)
 		},
@@ -80,7 +83,10 @@ func keyRotate(ctx context.Context, flags keyRotateFlags, db *gorm.DB, envConfig
 	}
 
 	// Init the services we need
-	appConfigService := service.NewAppConfigService(ctx, db)
+	appConfigService, err := service.NewAppConfigService(ctx, db)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create app config service: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	// Get the key provider
 	keyProvider, err := jwkutils.GetKeyProvider(db, envConfig, appConfigService.GetDbConfig().InstanceID.Value)

backend/internal/cmds/key_rotate_test.go

@@ -97,7 +97,8 @@ func testKeyRotateWithFileStorage(t *testing.T, flags keyRotateFlags, wantErr bo
 	db := testingutils.NewDatabaseForTest(t)
 
 	// Initialize app config service and create instance
-	appConfigService := service.NewAppConfigService(t.Context(), db)
+	appConfigService, err := service.NewAppConfigService(t.Context(), db)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	instanceID := appConfigService.GetDbConfig().InstanceID.Value
 
 	// Check if key exists before rotation
@@ -140,14 +141,15 @@ func testKeyRotateWithDatabaseStorage(t *testing.T, flags keyRotateFlags, wantEr
 	// Set up database storage config
 	envConfig := &common.EnvConfigSchema{
 		KeysStorage:   "database",
-		EncryptionKey: "test-encryption-key-characters-long",
+		EncryptionKey: []byte("test-encryption-key-characters-long"),
 	}
 
 	// Create test database
 	db := testingutils.NewDatabaseForTest(t)
 
 	// Initialize app config service and create instance
-	appConfigService := service.NewAppConfigService(t.Context(), db)
+	appConfigService, err := service.NewAppConfigService(t.Context(), db)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 	instanceID := appConfigService.GetDbConfig().InstanceID.Value
 
 	// Get key provider

backend/internal/cmds/one_time_access_token.go

@@ -24,11 +24,14 @@ var oneTimeAccessTokenCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		userArg := args[0]
 
 		// Connect to the database
-		db := bootstrap.NewDatabase()
+		db, err := bootstrap.NewDatabase()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
 
 		// Create the access token
 		var oneTimeAccessToken *model.OneTimeAccessToken
-		err := db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		err = db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
 			// Load the user to retrieve the user ID
 			var user model.User
 			queryCtx, queryCancel := context.WithTimeout(cmd.Context(), 10*time.Second)
@@ -48,7 +51,7 @@ var oneTimeAccessTokenCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			}
 
 			// Create a new access token that expires in 1 hour
-			oneTimeAccessToken, txErr = service.NewOneTimeAccessToken(user.ID, time.Now().Add(time.Hour))
+			oneTimeAccessToken, txErr = service.NewOneTimeAccessToken(user.ID, time.Hour)
 			if txErr != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to generate access token: %w", txErr)
 			}

backend/internal/common/env_config.go

@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@ package common
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/caarlos0/env/v11"
 	_ "github.com/joho/godotenv/autoload"
@@ -23,32 +26,33 @@ const (
 	DbProviderSqlite        DbProvider = "sqlite"
 	DbProviderPostgres      DbProvider = "postgres"
 	MaxMindGeoLiteCityUrl   string     = "https://download.maxmind.com/app/geoip_download?edition_id=GeoLite2-City&license_key=%s&suffix=tar.gz"
-	defaultSqliteConnString string     = "file:data/pocket-id.db?_pragma=journal_mode(WAL)&_pragma=busy_timeout(2500)&_txlock=immediate"
+	defaultSqliteConnString string     = "data/pocket-id.db"
 )
 
 type EnvConfigSchema struct {
 	AppEnv             string     `env:"APP_ENV"`
 	AppURL             string     `env:"APP_URL"`
 	DbProvider         DbProvider `env:"DB_PROVIDER"`
-	DbConnectionString string     `env:"DB_CONNECTION_STRING"`
+	DbConnectionString string     `env:"DB_CONNECTION_STRING" options:"file"`
 	UploadPath         string     `env:"UPLOAD_PATH"`
 	KeysPath           string     `env:"KEYS_PATH"`
 	KeysStorage        string     `env:"KEYS_STORAGE"`
-	EncryptionKey      string     `env:"ENCRYPTION_KEY"`
+	EncryptionKey      []byte     `env:"ENCRYPTION_KEY" options:"file"`
-	EncryptionKeyFile  string     `env:"ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE"`
 	Port               string     `env:"PORT"`
 	Host               string     `env:"HOST"`
 	UnixSocket         string     `env:"UNIX_SOCKET"`
 	UnixSocketMode     string     `env:"UNIX_SOCKET_MODE"`
-	MaxMindLicenseKey  string     `env:"MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY"`
+	MaxMindLicenseKey  string     `env:"MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY" options:"file"`
 	GeoLiteDBPath      string     `env:"GEOLITE_DB_PATH"`
 	GeoLiteDBUrl       string     `env:"GEOLITE_DB_URL"`
 	LocalIPv6Ranges    string     `env:"LOCAL_IPV6_RANGES"`
 	UiConfigDisabled   bool       `env:"UI_CONFIG_DISABLED"`
 	MetricsEnabled     bool       `env:"METRICS_ENABLED"`
 	TracingEnabled     bool       `env:"TRACING_ENABLED"`
+	LogJSON            bool       `env:"LOG_JSON"`
 	TrustProxy         bool       `env:"TRUST_PROXY"`
 	AnalyticsDisabled  bool       `env:"ANALYTICS_DISABLED"`
+	AllowDowngrade     bool       `env:"ALLOW_DOWNGRADE"`
 }
 
 var EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
@@ -56,7 +60,8 @@ var EnvConfig = defaultConfig()
 func init() {
 	err := parseEnvConfig()
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Configuration error: %v", err)
+		slog.Error("Configuration error", slog.Any("error", err))
+		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -68,7 +73,7 @@ func defaultConfig() EnvConfigSchema {
 		UploadPath:         "data/uploads",
 		KeysPath:           "data/keys",
 		KeysStorage:        "", // "database" or "file"
-		EncryptionKey:      "",
+		EncryptionKey:      nil,
 		AppURL:             "http://localhost:1411",
 		Port:               "1411",
 		Host:               "0.0.0.0",
@@ -83,15 +88,29 @@ func defaultConfig() EnvConfigSchema {
 		TracingEnabled:     false,
 		TrustProxy:         false,
 		AnalyticsDisabled:  false,
+		AllowDowngrade:     false,
 	}
 }
 
 func parseEnvConfig() error {
-	err := env.ParseWithOptions(&EnvConfig, env.Options{})
+	parsers := map[reflect.Type]env.ParserFunc{
+		reflect.TypeOf([]byte{}): func(value string) (interface{}, error) {
+			return []byte(value), nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	err := env.ParseWithOptions(&EnvConfig, env.Options{
+		FuncMap: parsers,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("error parsing env config: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	err = resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&EnvConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	// Validate the environment variables
 	switch EnvConfig.DbProvider {
 	case DbProviderSqlite:
@@ -119,9 +138,8 @@ func parseEnvConfig() error {
 	case "":
 		EnvConfig.KeysStorage = "file"
 	case "database":
-		// If KeysStorage is "database", a key must be specified
+		if EnvConfig.EncryptionKey == nil {
-		if EnvConfig.EncryptionKey == "" && EnvConfig.EncryptionKeyFile == "" {
+			return errors.New("ENCRYPTION_KEY must be non-empty when KEYS_STORAGE is database")
-			return errors.New("ENCRYPTION_KEY or ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE must be non-empty when KEYS_STORAGE is database")
 		}
 	case "file":
 		// All good, these are valid values
@@ -131,3 +149,58 @@ func parseEnvConfig() error {
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+// resolveFileBasedEnvVariables uses reflection to automatically resolve file-based secrets
+func resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(config *EnvConfigSchema) error {
+	val := reflect.ValueOf(config).Elem()
+	typ := val.Type()
+
+	for i := 0; i < val.NumField(); i++ {
+		field := val.Field(i)
+		fieldType := typ.Field(i)
+
+		// Only process string and []byte fields
+		isString := field.Kind() == reflect.String
+		isByteSlice := field.Kind() == reflect.Slice && field.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8
+		if !isString && !isByteSlice {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Only process fields with the "options" tag set to "file"
+		optionsTag := fieldType.Tag.Get("options")
+		if optionsTag != "file" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Only process fields with the "env" tag
+		envTag := fieldType.Tag.Get("env")
+		if envTag == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		envVarName := envTag
+		if commaIndex := len(envTag); commaIndex > 0 {
+			envVarName = envTag[:commaIndex]
+		}
+
+		// If the file environment variable is not set, skip
+		envVarFileName := envVarName + "_FILE"
+		envVarFileValue := os.Getenv(envVarFileName)
+		if envVarFileValue == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fileContent, err := os.ReadFile(envVarFileValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read file for env var %s: %w", envVarFileName, err)
+		}
+
+		if isString {
+			field.SetString(strings.TrimSpace(string(fileContent)))
+		} else {
+			field.SetBytes(fileContent)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

backend/internal/common/env_config_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package common
 
 import (
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 
 		err := parseEnvConfig()
 		require.Error(t, err)
-		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "ENCRYPTION_KEY or ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE must be non-empty")
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "ENCRYPTION_KEY must be non-empty when KEYS_STORAGE is database")
 	})
 
 	t.Run("should accept valid KEYS_STORAGE values", func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -186,3 +187,119 @@ func TestParseEnvConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "127.0.0.1", EnvConfig.Host)
 	})
 }
+
+func TestResolveFileBasedEnvVariables(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create temporary directory for test files
+	tempDir := t.TempDir()
+
+	// Create test files
+	encryptionKeyFile := tempDir + "/encryption_key.txt"
+	encryptionKeyContent := "test-encryption-key-123"
+	err := os.WriteFile(encryptionKeyFile, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), 0600)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	dbConnFile := tempDir + "/db_connection.txt"
+	dbConnContent := "postgres://user:pass@localhost/testdb"
+	err = os.WriteFile(dbConnFile, []byte(dbConnContent), 0600)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Create a binary file for testing binary data handling
+	binaryKeyFile := tempDir + "/binary_key.bin"
+	binaryKeyContent := []byte{0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10}
+	err = os.WriteFile(binaryKeyFile, binaryKeyContent, 0600)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	t.Run("should read file content for fields with options:file tag", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+
+		// Set environment variables pointing to files
+		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
+		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING_FILE", dbConnFile)
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify file contents were read correctly
+		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
+		assert.Equal(t, dbConnContent, config.DbConnectionString)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should skip fields without options:file tag", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+		originalAppURL := config.AppURL
+
+		// Set a file for a field that doesn't have options:file tag
+		t.Setenv("APP_URL_FILE", "/tmp/nonexistent.txt")
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// AppURL should remain unchanged
+		assert.Equal(t, originalAppURL, config.AppURL)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should skip non-string fields", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// This test verifies that non-string fields are skipped
+		// We test this indirectly by ensuring the function doesn't error
+		// when processing the actual EnvConfigSchema which has bool fields
+		config := defaultConfig()
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should skip when _FILE environment variable is not set", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+		originalEncryptionKey := config.EncryptionKey
+
+		// Don't set ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE environment variable
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// EncryptionKey should remain unchanged
+		assert.Equal(t, originalEncryptionKey, config.EncryptionKey)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should handle multiple file-based variables simultaneously", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+
+		// Set multiple file environment variables
+		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
+		t.Setenv("DB_CONNECTION_STRING_FILE", dbConnFile)
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// All should be resolved correctly
+		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
+		assert.Equal(t, dbConnContent, config.DbConnectionString)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should handle mixed file and non-file environment variables", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+
+		// Set both file and non-file environment variables
+		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", encryptionKeyFile)
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// File-based should be resolved, others should remain as set by env parser
+		assert.Equal(t, []byte(encryptionKeyContent), config.EncryptionKey)
+		assert.Equal(t, "http://localhost:1411", config.AppURL)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("should handle binary data correctly", func(t *testing.T) {
+		config := defaultConfig()
+
+		// Set environment variable pointing to binary file
+		t.Setenv("ENCRYPTION_KEY_FILE", binaryKeyFile)
+
+		err := resolveFileBasedEnvVariables(&config)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// Verify binary data was read correctly without corruption
+		assert.Equal(t, binaryKeyContent, config.EncryptionKey)
+	})
+}

backend/internal/common/errors.go

@@ -350,6 +350,15 @@ func (e *OidcAuthorizationPendingError) HttpStatusCode() int {
 	return http.StatusBadRequest
 }
 
+type ReauthenticationRequiredError struct{}
+
+func (e *ReauthenticationRequiredError) Error() string {
+	return "reauthentication required"
+}
+func (e *ReauthenticationRequiredError) HttpStatusCode() int {
+	return http.StatusUnauthorized
+}
+
 type OpenSignupDisabledError struct{}
 
 func (e *OpenSignupDisabledError) Error() string {
@@ -359,3 +368,13 @@ func (e *OpenSignupDisabledError) Error() string {
 func (e *OpenSignupDisabledError) HttpStatusCode() int {
 	return http.StatusForbidden
 }
+
+type ClientIdAlreadyExistsError struct{}
+
+func (e *ClientIdAlreadyExistsError) Error() string {
+	return "Client ID already in use"
+}
+
+func (e *ClientIdAlreadyExistsError) HttpStatusCode() int {
+	return http.StatusBadRequest
+}

backend/internal/common/version.go

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package common
 
+// Name is the name of the application
+const Name = "pocket-id"
+
 // Version contains the Pocket ID version.
 //
 // It can be set at build time using -ldflags.

backend/internal/controller/api_key_controller.go

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (c *ApiKeyController) createApiKeyHandler(ctx *gin.Context) {
 	userID := ctx.GetString("userID")
 
 	var input dto.ApiKeyCreateDto
-	if err := ctx.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(ctx, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = ctx.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/app_config_controller.go

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func (acc *AppConfigController) listAllAppConfigHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/application-configuration [put]
 func (acc *AppConfigController) updateAppConfigHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.AppConfigUpdateDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/custom_claim_controller.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (ccc *CustomClaimController) getSuggestionsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 func (ccc *CustomClaimController) UpdateCustomClaimsForUserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto
 
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func (ccc *CustomClaimController) UpdateCustomClaimsForUserHandler(c *gin.Contex
 func (ccc *CustomClaimController) UpdateCustomClaimsForUserGroupHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto
 
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/e2etest_controller.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (tc *TestController) resetAndSeedHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := tc.TestService.ResetApplicationImages(); err != nil {
+	if err := tc.TestService.ResetApplicationImages(c.Request.Context()); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/oidc_controller.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package controller
 
 import (
 	"errors"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
@@ -55,8 +55,13 @@ func NewOidcController(group *gin.RouterGroup, authMiddleware *middleware.AuthMi
 	group.POST("/oidc/device/verify", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.verifyDeviceCodeHandler)
 	group.GET("/oidc/device/info", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.getDeviceCodeInfoHandler)
 
-	group.GET("/oidc/users/me/clients", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.listOwnAuthorizedClientsHandler)
+	group.GET("/oidc/users/me/authorized-clients", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.listOwnAuthorizedClientsHandler)
-	group.GET("/oidc/users/:id/clients", authMiddleware.Add(), oc.listAuthorizedClientsHandler)
+	group.GET("/oidc/users/:id/authorized-clients", authMiddleware.Add(), oc.listAuthorizedClientsHandler)
+
+	group.DELETE("/oidc/users/me/authorized-clients/:clientId", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.revokeOwnClientAuthorizationHandler)
+
+	group.GET("/oidc/users/me/clients", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), oc.listOwnAccessibleClientsHandler)
+
 }
 
 type OidcController struct {
@@ -257,7 +262,7 @@ func (oc *OidcController) EndSessionHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	callbackURL, err := oc.oidcService.ValidateEndSession(c.Request.Context(), input, c.GetString("userID"))
 	if err != nil {
 		// If the validation fails, the user has to confirm the logout manually and doesn't get redirected
-		log.Printf("Error getting logout callback URL, the user has to confirm the logout manually: %v", err)
+		slog.WarnContext(c.Request.Context(), "Error getting logout callback URL, the user has to confirm the logout manually", "error", err)
 		c.Redirect(http.StatusFound, common.EnvConfig.AppURL+"/logout")
 		return
 	}
@@ -487,11 +492,11 @@ func (oc *OidcController) deleteClientHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Accept json
 // @Produce json
 // @Param id path string true "Client ID"
-// @Param client body dto.OidcClientCreateDto true "Client information"
+// @Param client body dto.OidcClientUpdateDto true "Client information"
 // @Success 200 {object} dto.OidcClientWithAllowedUserGroupsDto "Updated client"
 // @Router /api/oidc/clients/{id} [put]
 func (oc *OidcController) updateClientHandler(c *gin.Context) {
-	var input dto.OidcClientCreateDto
+	var input dto.OidcClientUpdateDto
 	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
@@ -657,7 +662,7 @@ func (oc *OidcController) deviceAuthorizationHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Param sort[column] query string false "Column to sort by"
 // @Param sort[direction] query string false "Sort direction (asc or desc)" default("asc")
 // @Success 200 {object} dto.Paginated[dto.AuthorizedOidcClientDto]
-// @Router /api/oidc/users/me/clients [get]
+// @Router /api/oidc/users/me/authorized-clients [get]
 func (oc *OidcController) listOwnAuthorizedClientsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := c.GetString("userID")
 	oc.listAuthorizedClients(c, userID)
@@ -673,7 +678,7 @@ func (oc *OidcController) listOwnAuthorizedClientsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Param sort[column] query string false "Column to sort by"
 // @Param sort[direction] query string false "Sort direction (asc or desc)" default("asc")
 // @Success 200 {object} dto.Paginated[dto.AuthorizedOidcClientDto]
-// @Router /api/oidc/users/{id}/clients [get]
+// @Router /api/oidc/users/{id}/authorized-clients [get]
 func (oc *OidcController) listAuthorizedClientsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := c.Param("id")
 	oc.listAuthorizedClients(c, userID)
@@ -704,6 +709,58 @@ func (oc *OidcController) listAuthorizedClients(c *gin.Context, userID string) {
 	})
 }
 
+// revokeOwnClientAuthorizationHandler godoc
+// @Summary Revoke authorization for an OIDC client
+// @Description Revoke the authorization for a specific OIDC client for the current user
+// @Tags OIDC
+// @Param clientId path string true "Client ID to revoke authorization for"
+// @Success 204 "No Content"
+// @Router /api/oidc/users/me/authorized-clients/{clientId} [delete]
+func (oc *OidcController) revokeOwnClientAuthorizationHandler(c *gin.Context) {
+	clientID := c.Param("clientId")
+
+	userID := c.GetString("userID")
+
+	err := oc.oidcService.RevokeAuthorizedClient(c.Request.Context(), userID, clientID)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = c.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// listOwnAccessibleClientsHandler godoc
+// @Summary List accessible OIDC clients for current user
+// @Description Get a list of OIDC clients that the current user can access
+// @Tags OIDC
+// @Param pagination[page] query int false "Page number for pagination" default(1)
+// @Param pagination[limit] query int false "Number of items per page" default(20)
+// @Param sort[column] query string false "Column to sort by"
+// @Param sort[direction] query string false "Sort direction (asc or desc)" default("asc")
+// @Success 200 {object} dto.Paginated[dto.AccessibleOidcClientDto]
+// @Router /api/oidc/users/me/clients [get]
+func (oc *OidcController) listOwnAccessibleClientsHandler(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID := c.GetString("userID")
+
+	var sortedPaginationRequest utils.SortedPaginationRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindQuery(&sortedPaginationRequest); err != nil {
+		_ = c.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	clients, pagination, err := oc.oidcService.ListAccessibleOidcClients(c.Request.Context(), userID, sortedPaginationRequest)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = c.Error(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, dto.Paginated[dto.AccessibleOidcClientDto]{
+		Data:       clients,
+		Pagination: pagination,
+	})
+}
+
 func (oc *OidcController) verifyDeviceCodeHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	userCode := c.Query("code")
 	if userCode == "" {

backend/internal/controller/user_controller.go

@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/time/rate"
 )
 
+const (
+	defaultOneTimeAccessTokenDuration = 15 * time.Minute
+	defaultSignupTokenDuration        = time.Hour
+)
+
 // NewUserController creates a new controller for user management endpoints
 // @Summary User management controller
 // @Description Initializes all user-related API endpoints
@@ -193,7 +198,7 @@ func (uc *UserController) deleteUserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/users [post]
 func (uc *UserController) createUserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.UserCreateDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -331,10 +336,17 @@ func (uc *UserController) createOneTimeAccessTokenHandler(c *gin.Context, own bo
 		return
 	}
 
+	var ttl time.Duration
 	if own {
 		input.UserID = c.GetString("userID")
+		ttl = defaultOneTimeAccessTokenDuration
+	} else {
+		ttl = input.TTL.Duration
+		if ttl <= 0 {
+			ttl = defaultOneTimeAccessTokenDuration
+		}
 	}
-	token, err := uc.userService.CreateOneTimeAccessToken(c.Request.Context(), input.UserID, input.ExpiresAt)
+	token, err := uc.userService.CreateOneTimeAccessToken(c.Request.Context(), input.UserID, ttl)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
@@ -378,7 +390,7 @@ func (uc *UserController) createAdminOneTimeAccessTokenHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/one-time-access-email [post]
 func (uc *UserController) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsUnauthenticatedUserHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.OneTimeAccessEmailAsUnauthenticatedUserDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -411,7 +423,11 @@ func (uc *UserController) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsAdminHandler(c *gin.Context
 
 	userID := c.Param("id")
 
-	err := uc.userService.RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsAdmin(c.Request.Context(), userID, input.ExpiresAt)
+	ttl := input.TTL.Duration
+	if ttl <= 0 {
+		ttl = defaultOneTimeAccessTokenDuration
+	}
+	err := uc.userService.RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsAdmin(c.Request.Context(), userID, ttl)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
@@ -457,7 +473,7 @@ func (uc *UserController) exchangeOneTimeAccessTokenHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/signup/setup [post]
 func (uc *UserController) signUpInitialAdmin(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.SignUpDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -526,14 +542,20 @@ func (uc *UserController) createSignupTokenHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	signupToken, err := uc.userService.CreateSignupToken(c.Request.Context(), input.ExpiresAt, input.UsageLimit)
+	ttl := input.TTL.Duration
+	if ttl <= 0 {
+		ttl = defaultSignupTokenDuration
+	}
+
+	signupToken, err := uc.userService.CreateSignupToken(c.Request.Context(), ttl, input.UsageLimit)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
 
 	var tokenDto dto.SignupTokenDto
-	if err := dto.MapStruct(signupToken, &tokenDto); err != nil {
+	err = dto.MapStruct(signupToken, &tokenDto)
+	if err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -606,7 +628,7 @@ func (uc *UserController) deleteSignupTokenHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/signup [post]
 func (uc *UserController) signupHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.SignUpDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -635,7 +657,7 @@ func (uc *UserController) signupHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 // updateUser is an internal helper method, not exposed as an API endpoint
 func (uc *UserController) updateUser(c *gin.Context, updateOwnUser bool) {
 	var input dto.UserCreateDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/user_group_controller.go

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func (ugc *UserGroupController) get(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/user-groups [post]
 func (ugc *UserGroupController) create(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.UserGroupCreateDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func (ugc *UserGroupController) create(c *gin.Context) {
 // @Router /api/user-groups/{id} [put]
 func (ugc *UserGroupController) update(c *gin.Context) {
 	var input dto.UserGroupCreateDto
-	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	if err := dto.ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(c, &input); err != nil {
 		_ = c.Error(err)
 		return
 	}

backend/internal/controller/webauthn_controller.go

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ func NewWebauthnController(group *gin.RouterGroup, authMiddleware *middleware.Au
 
 	group.POST("/webauthn/logout", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), wc.logoutHandler)
 
+	group.POST("/webauthn/reauthenticate", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), rateLimitMiddleware.Add(rate.Every(10*time.Second), 5), wc.reauthenticateHandler)
+
 	group.GET("/webauthn/credentials", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), wc.listCredentialsHandler)
 	group.PATCH("/webauthn/credentials/:id", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), wc.updateCredentialHandler)
 	group.DELETE("/webauthn/credentials/:id", authMiddleware.WithAdminNotRequired().Add(), wc.deleteCredentialHandler)
@@ -171,3 +173,33 @@ func (wc *WebauthnController) logoutHandler(c *gin.Context) {
 	cookie.AddAccessTokenCookie(c, 0, "")
 	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
 }
+
+func (wc *WebauthnController) reauthenticateHandler(c *gin.Context) {
+	sessionID, err := c.Cookie(cookie.SessionIdCookieName)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = c.Error(&common.MissingSessionIdError{})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var token string
+
+	// Try to create a reauthentication token with WebAuthn
+	credentialAssertionData, err := protocol.ParseCredentialRequestResponseBody(c.Request.Body)
+	if err == nil {
+		token, err = wc.webAuthnService.CreateReauthenticationTokenWithWebauthn(c.Request.Context(), sessionID, credentialAssertionData)
+		if err != nil {
+			_ = c.Error(err)
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		// If WebAuthn fails, try to create a reauthentication token with the access token
+		accessToken, _ := c.Cookie(cookie.AccessTokenCookieName)
+		token, err = wc.webAuthnService.CreateReauthenticationTokenWithAccessToken(c.Request.Context(), accessToken)
+		if err != nil {
+			_ = c.Error(err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"reauthenticationToken": token})
+}

backend/internal/controller/well_known_controller.go

@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@ package controller
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 
@@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ func NewWellKnownController(group *gin.RouterGroup, jwtService *service.JwtServi
 	var err error
 	wkc.oidcConfig, err = wkc.computeOIDCConfiguration()
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Failed to pre-compute OpenID Connect configuration document: %v", err)
+		slog.Error("Failed to pre-compute OpenID Connect configuration document", slog.Any("error", err))
+		os.Exit(1)
+		return
 	}
 
 	group.GET("/.well-known/jwks.json", wkc.jwksHandler)
@@ -84,6 +87,7 @@ func (wkc *WellKnownController) computeOIDCConfiguration() ([]byte, error) {
 		"subject_types_supported":                        []string{"public"},
 		"id_token_signing_alg_values_supported":          []string{alg.String()},
 		"authorization_response_iss_parameter_supported": true,
+		"code_challenge_methods_supported":               []string{"plain", "S256"},
 	}
 	return json.Marshal(config)
 }

backend/internal/dto/api_key_dto.go

@@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ import (
 )
 
 type ApiKeyCreateDto struct {
-	Name        string            `json:"name" binding:"required,min=3,max=50"`
+	Name        string            `json:"name" binding:"required,min=3,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Description string            `json:"description"`
+	Description *string           `json:"description" unorm:"nfc"`
 	ExpiresAt   datatype.DateTime `json:"expiresAt" binding:"required"`
 }
 
 type ApiKeyDto struct {
 	ID                  string             `json:"id"`
 	Name                string             `json:"name"`
-	Description         string             `json:"description"`
+	Description         *string            `json:"description"`
 	ExpiresAt           datatype.DateTime  `json:"expiresAt"`
 	LastUsedAt          *datatype.DateTime `json:"lastUsedAt"`
 	CreatedAt           datatype.DateTime  `json:"createdAt"`

backend/internal/dto/app_config_dto.go

@@ -12,12 +12,14 @@ type AppConfigVariableDto struct {
 }
 
 type AppConfigUpdateDto struct {
-	AppName                                    string `json:"appName" binding:"required,min=1,max=30"`
+	AppName                                    string `json:"appName" binding:"required,min=1,max=30" unorm:"nfc"`
 	SessionDuration                            string `json:"sessionDuration" binding:"required"`
 	EmailsVerified                             string `json:"emailsVerified" binding:"required"`
 	DisableAnimations                          string `json:"disableAnimations" binding:"required"`
 	AllowOwnAccountEdit                        string `json:"allowOwnAccountEdit" binding:"required"`
 	AllowUserSignups                           string `json:"allowUserSignups" binding:"required,oneof=disabled withToken open"`
+	SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs                  string `json:"signupDefaultUserGroupIDs" binding:"omitempty,json"`
+	SignupDefaultCustomClaims                  string `json:"signupDefaultCustomClaims" binding:"omitempty,json"`
 	AccentColor                                string `json:"accentColor"`
 	SmtpHost                                   string `json:"smtpHost"`
 	SmtpPort                                   string `json:"smtpPort"`

backend/internal/dto/custom_claim_dto.go

@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ type CustomClaimDto struct {
 }
 
 type CustomClaimCreateDto struct {
-	Key   string `json:"key" binding:"required"`
+	Key   string `json:"key" binding:"required" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Value string `json:"value" binding:"required"`
+	Value string `json:"value" binding:"required" unorm:"nfc"`
 }

backend/internal/dto/dto_normalize.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+package dto
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
+	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
+)
+
+// Normalize iterates through an object and performs Unicode normalization on all string fields with the `unorm` tag.
+func Normalize(obj any) {
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(obj)
+	if v.Kind() != reflect.Ptr || v.IsNil() {
+		return
+	}
+	v = v.Elem()
+
+	// Handle case where obj is a slice of models
+	if v.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
+		for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
+			elem := v.Index(i)
+			if elem.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && !elem.IsNil() && elem.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
+				Normalize(elem.Interface())
+			} else if elem.Kind() == reflect.Struct && elem.CanAddr() {
+				Normalize(elem.Addr().Interface())
+			}
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	if v.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Iterate through all fields looking for those with the "unorm" tag
+	t := v.Type()
+loop:
+	for i := range t.NumField() {
+		field := t.Field(i)
+
+		unormTag := field.Tag.Get("unorm")
+		if unormTag == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		fv := v.Field(i)
+		if !fv.CanSet() || fv.Kind() != reflect.String {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		var form norm.Form
+		switch unormTag {
+		case "nfc":
+			form = norm.NFC
+		case "nfkc":
+			form = norm.NFKC
+		case "nfd":
+			form = norm.NFD
+		case "nfkd":
+			form = norm.NFKD
+		default:
+			continue loop
+		}
+
+		val := fv.String()
+		val = form.String(val)
+		fv.SetString(val)
+	}
+}
+
+func ShouldBindWithNormalizedJSON(ctx *gin.Context, obj any) error {
+	return ctx.ShouldBindWith(obj, binding.JSON)
+}
+
+type NormalizerJSONBinding struct{}
+
+func (NormalizerJSONBinding) Name() string {
+	return "json"
+}
+
+func (NormalizerJSONBinding) Bind(req *http.Request, obj any) error {
+	// Use the default JSON binder
+	err := binding.JSON.Bind(req, obj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Perform normalization
+	Normalize(obj)
+
+	return nil
+}

backend/internal/dto/dto_normalize_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package dto
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
+)
+
+type testDto struct {
+	Name        string `unorm:"nfc"`
+	Description string `unorm:"nfd"`
+	Other       string
+	BadForm     string `unorm:"bad"`
+}
+
+func TestNormalize(t *testing.T) {
+	input := testDto{
+		// Is in NFC form already
+		Name: norm.NFC.String("Café"),
+		// NFC form will be normalized to NFD
+		Description: norm.NFC.String("vërø"),
+		// Should be unchanged
+		Other: "NöTag",
+		// Should be unchanged
+		BadForm: "BåD",
+	}
+
+	Normalize(&input)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, norm.NFC.String("Café"), input.Name)
+	assert.Equal(t, norm.NFD.String("vërø"), input.Description)
+	assert.Equal(t, "NöTag", input.Other)
+	assert.Equal(t, "BåD", input.BadForm)
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeSlice(t *testing.T) {
+	obj1 := testDto{
+		Name:        norm.NFC.String("Café1"),
+		Description: norm.NFC.String("vërø1"),
+		Other:       "NöTag1",
+		BadForm:     "BåD1",
+	}
+	obj2 := testDto{
+		Name:        norm.NFD.String("Résumé2"),
+		Description: norm.NFD.String("accéléré2"),
+		Other:       "NöTag2",
+		BadForm:     "BåD2",
+	}
+
+	t.Run("slice of structs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		slice := []testDto{obj1, obj2}
+		Normalize(&slice)
+
+		// Verify first element
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFC.String("Café1"), slice[0].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFD.String("vërø1"), slice[0].Description)
+		assert.Equal(t, "NöTag1", slice[0].Other)
+		assert.Equal(t, "BåD1", slice[0].BadForm)
+
+		// Verify second element
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFC.String("Résumé2"), slice[1].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFD.String("accéléré2"), slice[1].Description)
+		assert.Equal(t, "NöTag2", slice[1].Other)
+		assert.Equal(t, "BåD2", slice[1].BadForm)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("slice of pointers to structs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		slice := []*testDto{&obj1, &obj2}
+		Normalize(&slice)
+
+		// Verify first element
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFC.String("Café1"), slice[0].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFD.String("vërø1"), slice[0].Description)
+		assert.Equal(t, "NöTag1", slice[0].Other)
+		assert.Equal(t, "BåD1", slice[0].BadForm)
+
+		// Verify second element
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFC.String("Résumé2"), slice[1].Name)
+		assert.Equal(t, norm.NFD.String("accéléré2"), slice[1].Description)
+		assert.Equal(t, "NöTag2", slice[1].Other)
+		assert.Equal(t, "BåD2", slice[1].BadForm)
+	})
+}

backend/internal/dto/oidc_dto.go

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package dto
 
+import datatype "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model/types"
+
 type OidcClientMetaDataDto struct {
-	ID      string `json:"id"`
+	ID                       string  `json:"id"`
-	Name    string `json:"name"`
+	Name                     string  `json:"name"`
-	HasLogo bool   `json:"hasLogo"`
+	HasLogo                  bool    `json:"hasLogo"`
+	LaunchURL                *string `json:"launchURL"`
+	RequiresReauthentication bool    `json:"requiresReauthentication"`
 }
 
 type OidcClientDto struct {
@@ -25,13 +29,20 @@ type OidcClientWithAllowedGroupsCountDto struct {
 	AllowedUserGroupsCount int64 `json:"allowedUserGroupsCount"`
 }
 
+type OidcClientUpdateDto struct {
+	Name                     string                   `json:"name" binding:"required,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
+	CallbackURLs             []string                 `json:"callbackURLs"`
+	LogoutCallbackURLs       []string                 `json:"logoutCallbackURLs"`
+	IsPublic                 bool                     `json:"isPublic"`
+	PkceEnabled              bool                     `json:"pkceEnabled"`
+	RequiresReauthentication bool                     `json:"requiresReauthentication"`
+	Credentials              OidcClientCredentialsDto `json:"credentials"`
+	LaunchURL                *string                  `json:"launchURL" binding:"omitempty,url"`
+}
+
 type OidcClientCreateDto struct {
-	Name               string                   `json:"name" binding:"required,max=50"`
+	OidcClientUpdateDto
-	CallbackURLs       []string                 `json:"callbackURLs"`
+	ID string `json:"id" binding:"omitempty,client_id,min=2,max=128"`
-	LogoutCallbackURLs []string                 `json:"logoutCallbackURLs"`
-	IsPublic           bool                     `json:"isPublic"`
-	PkceEnabled        bool                     `json:"pkceEnabled"`
-	Credentials        OidcClientCredentialsDto `json:"credentials"`
 }
 
 type OidcClientCredentialsDto struct {
@@ -46,12 +57,13 @@ type OidcClientFederatedIdentityDto struct {
 }
 
 type AuthorizeOidcClientRequestDto struct {
-	ClientID            string `json:"clientID" binding:"required"`
+	ClientID              string `json:"clientID" binding:"required"`
-	Scope               string `json:"scope" binding:"required"`
+	Scope                 string `json:"scope" binding:"required"`
-	CallbackURL         string `json:"callbackURL"`
+	CallbackURL           string `json:"callbackURL"`
-	Nonce               string `json:"nonce"`
+	Nonce                 string `json:"nonce"`
-	CodeChallenge       string `json:"codeChallenge"`
+	CodeChallenge         string `json:"codeChallenge"`
-	CodeChallengeMethod string `json:"codeChallengeMethod"`
+	CodeChallengeMethod   string `json:"codeChallengeMethod"`
+	ReauthenticationToken string `json:"reauthenticationToken"`
 }
 
 type AuthorizeOidcClientResponseDto struct {
@@ -145,8 +157,9 @@ type DeviceCodeInfoDto struct {
 }
 
 type AuthorizedOidcClientDto struct {
-	Scope  string                `json:"scope"`
+	Scope      string                `json:"scope"`
-	Client OidcClientMetaDataDto `json:"client"`
+	Client     OidcClientMetaDataDto `json:"client"`
+	LastUsedAt datatype.DateTime     `json:"lastUsedAt"`
 }
 
 type OidcClientPreviewDto struct {
@@ -154,3 +167,8 @@ type OidcClientPreviewDto struct {
 	AccessToken map[string]any `json:"accessToken"`
 	UserInfo    map[string]any `json:"userInfo"`
 }
+
+type AccessibleOidcClientDto struct {
+	OidcClientMetaDataDto
+	LastUsedAt *datatype.DateTime `json:"lastUsedAt"`
+}

backend/internal/dto/signup_token_dto.go

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 package dto
 
 import (
-	"time"
-
 	datatype "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model/types"
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 )
 
 type SignupTokenCreateDto struct {
-	ExpiresAt  time.Time `json:"expiresAt" binding:"required"`
+	TTL        utils.JSONDuration `json:"ttl" binding:"required,ttl"`
-	UsageLimit int       `json:"usageLimit" binding:"required,min=1,max=100"`
+	UsageLimit int                `json:"usageLimit" binding:"required,min=1,max=100"`
 }
 
 type SignupTokenDto struct {

backend/internal/dto/user_dto.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package dto
 
-import "time"
+import (
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+)
 
 type UserDto struct {
 	ID           string           `json:"id"`
@@ -17,10 +19,10 @@ type UserDto struct {
 }
 
 type UserCreateDto struct {
-	Username  string  `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50"`
+	Username  string  `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Email     string  `json:"email" binding:"required,email"`
+	Email     string  `json:"email" binding:"required,email" unorm:"nfc"`
-	FirstName string  `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50"`
+	FirstName string  `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	LastName  string  `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50"`
+	LastName  string  `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
 	IsAdmin   bool    `json:"isAdmin"`
 	Locale    *string `json:"locale"`
 	Disabled  bool    `json:"disabled"`
@@ -28,17 +30,17 @@ type UserCreateDto struct {
 }
 
 type OneTimeAccessTokenCreateDto struct {
-	UserID    string    `json:"userId"`
+	UserID string             `json:"userId"`
-	ExpiresAt time.Time `json:"expiresAt" binding:"required"`
+	TTL    utils.JSONDuration `json:"ttl" binding:"ttl"`
 }
 
 type OneTimeAccessEmailAsUnauthenticatedUserDto struct {
-	Email        string `json:"email" binding:"required,email"`
+	Email        string `json:"email" binding:"required,email" unorm:"nfc"`
 	RedirectPath string `json:"redirectPath"`
 }
 
 type OneTimeAccessEmailAsAdminDto struct {
-	ExpiresAt time.Time `json:"expiresAt" binding:"required"`
+	TTL utils.JSONDuration `json:"ttl" binding:"ttl"`
 }
 
 type UserUpdateUserGroupDto struct {
@@ -46,9 +48,9 @@ type UserUpdateUserGroupDto struct {
 }
 
 type SignUpDto struct {
-	Username  string `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50"`
+	Username  string `json:"username" binding:"required,username,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Email     string `json:"email" binding:"required,email"`
+	Email     string `json:"email" binding:"required,email" unorm:"nfc"`
-	FirstName string `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50"`
+	FirstName string `json:"firstName" binding:"required,min=1,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	LastName  string `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50"`
+	LastName  string `json:"lastName" binding:"max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
 	Token     string `json:"token"`
 }

backend/internal/dto/user_group_dto.go

@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ type UserGroupDtoWithUserCount struct {
 }
 
 type UserGroupCreateDto struct {
-	FriendlyName string `json:"friendlyName" binding:"required,min=2,max=50"`
+	FriendlyName string `json:"friendlyName" binding:"required,min=2,max=50" unorm:"nfc"`
-	Name         string `json:"name" binding:"required,min=2,max=255"`
+	Name         string `json:"name" binding:"required,min=2,max=255" unorm:"nfc"`
 	LdapID       string `json:"-"`
 }
 

backend/internal/dto/validations.go

@@ -1,26 +1,52 @@
 package dto
 
 import (
-	"log"
 	"regexp"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding"
 	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
 )
 
-// [a-zA-Z0-9]      : The username must start with an alphanumeric character
-// [a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]* : The rest of the username can contain alphanumeric characters, dots, underscores, hyphens, and "@" symbols
-// [a-zA-Z0-9]$     : The username must end with an alphanumeric character
-var validateUsernameRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]$")
-
-var validateUsername validator.Func = func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
-	return validateUsernameRegex.MatchString(fl.Field().String())
-}
-
 func init() {
-	if v, ok := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate); ok {
+	v := binding.Validator.Engine().(*validator.Validate)
-		if err := v.RegisterValidation("username", validateUsername); err != nil {
+
-			log.Fatalf("Failed to register custom validation: %v", err)
+	// [a-zA-Z0-9]      : The username must start with an alphanumeric character
+	// [a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]* : The rest of the username can contain alphanumeric characters, dots, underscores, hyphens, and "@" symbols
+	// [a-zA-Z0-9]$     : The username must end with an alphanumeric character
+	var validateUsernameRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_.@-]*[a-zA-Z0-9]$")
+
+	var validateClientIDRegex = regexp.MustCompile("^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+$")
+
+	// Maximum allowed value for TTLs
+	const maxTTL = 31 * 24 * time.Hour
+
+	// Errors here are development-time ones
+	err := v.RegisterValidation("username", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		return validateUsernameRegex.MatchString(fl.Field().String())
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("Failed to register custom validation for username: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	err = v.RegisterValidation("client_id", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		return validateClientIDRegex.MatchString(fl.Field().String())
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("Failed to register custom validation for client_id: " + err.Error())
+	}
+
+	err = v.RegisterValidation("ttl", func(fl validator.FieldLevel) bool {
+		ttl, ok := fl.Field().Interface().(utils.JSONDuration)
+		if !ok {
+			return false
 		}
+		// Allow zero, which means the field wasn't set
+		return ttl.Duration == 0 || ttl.Duration > time.Second && ttl.Duration <= maxTTL
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("Failed to register custom validation for ttl: " + err.Error())
 	}
 }

backend/internal/dto/webauthn_dto.go

@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@ type WebauthnCredentialDto struct {
 }
 
 type WebauthnCredentialUpdateDto struct {
-	Name string `json:"name" binding:"required,min=1,max=30"`
+	Name string `json:"name" binding:"required,min=1,max=50"`
 }

backend/internal/job/db_cleanup_job.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ func (s *Scheduler) RegisterDbCleanupJobs(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB) erro
 		s.registerJob(ctx, "ClearSignupTokens", def, jobs.clearSignupTokens, true),
 		s.registerJob(ctx, "ClearOidcAuthorizationCodes", def, jobs.clearOidcAuthorizationCodes, true),
 		s.registerJob(ctx, "ClearOidcRefreshTokens", def, jobs.clearOidcRefreshTokens, true),
+		s.registerJob(ctx, "ClearReauthenticationTokens", def, jobs.clearReauthenticationTokens, true),
 		s.registerJob(ctx, "ClearAuditLogs", def, jobs.clearAuditLogs, true),
 	)
 }
@@ -104,6 +105,20 @@ func (j *DbCleanupJobs) clearOidcRefreshTokens(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// ClearReauthenticationTokens deletes reauthentication tokens that have expired
+func (j *DbCleanupJobs) clearReauthenticationTokens(ctx context.Context) error {
+	st := j.db.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Delete(&model.ReauthenticationToken{}, "expires_at < ?", datatype.DateTime(time.Now()))
+	if st.Error != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean expired reauthentication tokens: %w", st.Error)
+	}
+
+	slog.InfoContext(ctx, "Cleaned expired reauthentication tokens", slog.Int64("count", st.RowsAffected))
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 // ClearAuditLogs deletes audit logs older than 90 days
 func (j *DbCleanupJobs) clearAuditLogs(ctx context.Context) error {
 	st := j.db.

backend/internal/middleware/rate_limit.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func (m *RateLimitMiddleware) Add(limit rate.Limit, burst int) gin.HandlerFunc {
 
 		// Skip rate limiting for localhost and test environment
 		// If the client ip is localhost the request comes from the frontend
-		if ip == "127.0.0.1" || ip == "::1" || common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "test" {
+		if ip == "" || ip == "127.0.0.1" || ip == "::1" || common.EnvConfig.AppEnv == "test" {
 			c.Next()
 			return
 		}

backend/internal/model/app_config.go

@@ -34,13 +34,15 @@ func (a *AppConfigVariable) AsDurationMinutes() time.Duration {
 
 type AppConfig struct {
 	// General
-	AppName             AppConfigVariable `key:"appName,public"` // Public
+	AppName                   AppConfigVariable `key:"appName,public"` // Public
-	SessionDuration     AppConfigVariable `key:"sessionDuration"`
+	SessionDuration           AppConfigVariable `key:"sessionDuration"`
-	EmailsVerified      AppConfigVariable `key:"emailsVerified"`
+	EmailsVerified            AppConfigVariable `key:"emailsVerified"`
-	AccentColor         AppConfigVariable `key:"accentColor,public"`         // Public
+	AccentColor               AppConfigVariable `key:"accentColor,public"`         // Public
-	DisableAnimations   AppConfigVariable `key:"disableAnimations,public"`   // Public
+	DisableAnimations         AppConfigVariable `key:"disableAnimations,public"`   // Public
-	AllowOwnAccountEdit AppConfigVariable `key:"allowOwnAccountEdit,public"` // Public
+	AllowOwnAccountEdit       AppConfigVariable `key:"allowOwnAccountEdit,public"` // Public
-	AllowUserSignups    AppConfigVariable `key:"allowUserSignups,public"`    // Public
+	AllowUserSignups          AppConfigVariable `key:"allowUserSignups,public"`    // Public
+	SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs AppConfigVariable `key:"signupDefaultUserGroupIDs"`
+	SignupDefaultCustomClaims AppConfigVariable `key:"signupDefaultCustomClaims"`
 	// Internal
 	BackgroundImageType AppConfigVariable `key:"backgroundImageType,internal"` // Internal
 	LogoLightImageType  AppConfigVariable `key:"logoLightImageType,internal"`  // Internal
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ type AppConfigKeyNotFoundError struct {
 }
 
 func (e AppConfigKeyNotFoundError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("cannot find config key '%s'", e.field)
+	return "cannot find config key '" + e.field + "'"
 }
 
 func (e AppConfigKeyNotFoundError) Is(target error) bool {
@@ -192,7 +194,7 @@ type AppConfigInternalForbiddenError struct {
 }
 
 func (e AppConfigInternalForbiddenError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("field '%s' is internal and can't be updated", e.field)
+	return "field '" + e.field + "' is internal and can't be updated"
 }
 
 func (e AppConfigInternalForbiddenError) Is(target error) bool {

backend/internal/model/oidc.go

@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 type UserAuthorizedOidcClient struct {
-	Scope  string
+	Scope      string
+	LastUsedAt datatype.DateTime `sortable:"true"`
+
 	UserID string `gorm:"primary_key;"`
 	User   User
 
@@ -38,19 +40,22 @@ type OidcAuthorizationCode struct {
 type OidcClient struct {
 	Base
 
-	Name               string `sortable:"true"`
+	Name                     string `sortable:"true"`
-	Secret             string
+	Secret                   string
-	CallbackURLs       UrlList
+	CallbackURLs             UrlList
-	LogoutCallbackURLs UrlList
+	LogoutCallbackURLs       UrlList
-	ImageType          *string
+	ImageType                *string
-	HasLogo            bool `gorm:"-"`
+	HasLogo                  bool `gorm:"-"`
-	IsPublic           bool
+	IsPublic                 bool
-	PkceEnabled        bool
+	PkceEnabled              bool
-	Credentials        OidcClientCredentials
+	RequiresReauthentication bool
+	Credentials              OidcClientCredentials
+	LaunchURL                *string
 
-	AllowedUserGroups []UserGroup `gorm:"many2many:oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups;"`
+	AllowedUserGroups         []UserGroup `gorm:"many2many:oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups;"`
-	CreatedByID       string
+	CreatedByID               *string
-	CreatedBy         User
+	CreatedBy                 *User
+	UserAuthorizedOidcClients []UserAuthorizedOidcClient `gorm:"foreignKey:ClientID;references:ID"`
 }
 
 type OidcRefreshToken struct {

backend/internal/model/webauthn.go

@@ -45,6 +45,15 @@ type PublicKeyCredentialRequestOptions struct {
 	Timeout   time.Duration
 }
 
+type ReauthenticationToken struct {
+	Base
+	Token     string
+	ExpiresAt datatype.DateTime
+
+	UserID string
+	User   User
+}
+
 type AuthenticatorTransportList []protocol.AuthenticatorTransport //nolint:recvcheck
 
 // Scan and Value methods for GORM to handle the custom type

backend/internal/service/api_key_service.go

@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ func (s *ApiKeyService) CreateApiKey(ctx context.Context, userID string, input d
 	apiKey := model.ApiKey{
 		Name:        input.Name,
 		Key:         utils.CreateSha256Hash(token), // Hash the token for storage
-		Description: &input.Description,
+		Description: input.Description,
-		ExpiresAt:   datatype.DateTime(input.ExpiresAt),
+		ExpiresAt:   input.ExpiresAt,
 		UserID:      userID,
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/app_config_service.go

@@ -4,17 +4,14 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
-	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid"
-
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
@@ -29,22 +26,22 @@ type AppConfigService struct {
 	db       *gorm.DB
 }
 
-func NewAppConfigService(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB) *AppConfigService {
+func NewAppConfigService(ctx context.Context, db *gorm.DB) (*AppConfigService, error) {
 	service := &AppConfigService{
 		db: db,
 	}
 
 	err := service.LoadDbConfig(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Failed to initialize app config service: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize app config service: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	err = service.initInstanceID(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Failed to initialize instance ID: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to initialize instance ID: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	return service
+	return service, nil
 }
 
 // GetDbConfig returns the application configuration.
@@ -63,13 +60,15 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) getDefaultDbConfig() *model.AppConfig {
 	// Values are the default ones
 	return &model.AppConfig{
 		// General
-		AppName:             model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "Pocket ID"},
+		AppName:                   model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "Pocket ID"},
-		SessionDuration:     model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "60"},
+		SessionDuration:           model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "60"},
-		EmailsVerified:      model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "false"},
+		EmailsVerified:            model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "false"},
-		DisableAnimations:   model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "false"},
+		DisableAnimations:         model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "false"},
-		AllowOwnAccountEdit: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "true"},
+		AllowOwnAccountEdit:       model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "true"},
-		AllowUserSignups:    model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "disabled"},
+		AllowUserSignups:          model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "disabled"},
-		AccentColor:         model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "default"},
+		SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "[]"},
+		SignupDefaultCustomClaims: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "[]"},
+		AccentColor:               model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "default"},
 		// Internal
 		BackgroundImageType: model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "jpg"},
 		LogoLightImageType:  model.AppConfigVariable{Value: "svg"},
@@ -414,12 +413,10 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) loadDbConfigFromEnv(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB)
 		field := rt.Field(i)
 
 		// Get the key and internal tag values
-		tagValue := strings.Split(field.Tag.Get("key"), ",")
+		key, attrs, _ := strings.Cut(field.Tag.Get("key"), ",")
-		key := tagValue[0]
-		isInternal := slices.Contains(tagValue, "internal")
 
 		// Internal fields are loaded from the database as they can't be set from the environment
-		if isInternal {
+		if attrs == "internal" {
 			var value string
 			err := tx.WithContext(ctx).
 				Model(&model.AppConfigVariable{}).
@@ -438,6 +435,20 @@ func (s *AppConfigService) loadDbConfigFromEnv(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB)
 		value, ok := os.LookupEnv(envVarName)
 		if ok {
 			rv.Field(i).FieldByName("Value").SetString(value)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// If it's sensitive, we also allow reading from file
+		if attrs == "sensitive" {
+			fileName := os.Getenv(envVarName + "_FILE")
+			if fileName != "" {
+				b, err := os.ReadFile(fileName)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read secret '%s' from file '%s': %w", envVarName, fileName, err)
+				}
+				rv.Field(i).FieldByName("Value").SetString(string(b))
+				continue
+			}
 		}
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/audit_log_service.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package service
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"log/slog"
 
 	userAgentParser "github.com/mileusna/useragent"
@@ -11,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/email"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
@@ -22,7 +22,12 @@ type AuditLogService struct {
 }
 
 func NewAuditLogService(db *gorm.DB, appConfigService *AppConfigService, emailService *EmailService, geoliteService *GeoLiteService) *AuditLogService {
-	return &AuditLogService{db: db, appConfigService: appConfigService, emailService: emailService, geoliteService: geoliteService}
+	return &AuditLogService{
+		db:               db,
+		appConfigService: appConfigService,
+		emailService:     emailService,
+		geoliteService:   geoliteService,
+	}
 }
 
 // Create creates a new audit log entry in the database
@@ -70,14 +75,19 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 
 	// Count the number of times the user has logged in from the same device
 	var count int64
-	err := tx.
+	stmt := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
 		Model(&model.AuditLog{}).
-		Where("user_id = ? AND ip_address = ? AND user_agent = ?", userID, ipAddress, userAgent).
+		Where("user_id = ? AND user_agent = ?", userID, userAgent)
-		Count(&count).
+	if ipAddress == "" {
-		Error
+		// An empty IP address is stored as NULL in the database
+		stmt = stmt.Where("ip_address IS NULL")
+	} else {
+		stmt = stmt.Where("ip_address = ?", ipAddress)
+	}
+	err := stmt.Count(&count).Error
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("Failed to count audit logs: %v", err)
+		slog.ErrorContext(ctx, "Failed to count audit logs", slog.Any("error", err))
 		return createdAuditLog
 	}
 
@@ -86,7 +96,8 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 		// We use a background context here as this is running in a goroutine
 		//nolint:contextcheck
 		go func() {
-			innerCtx := context.Background()
+			span := trace.SpanFromContext(ctx)
+			innerCtx := trace.ContextWithSpan(context.Background(), span)
 
 			// Note we don't use the transaction here because this is running in background
 			var user model.User
@@ -96,7 +107,8 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 				First(&user).
 				Error
 			if innerErr != nil {
-				log.Printf("Failed to load user: %v", innerErr)
+				slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to load user from database to send notification email", slog.Any("error", innerErr))
+				return
 			}
 
 			innerErr = SendEmail(innerCtx, s.emailService, email.Address{
@@ -110,7 +122,8 @@ func (s *AuditLogService) CreateNewSignInWithEmail(ctx context.Context, ipAddres
 				DateTime:  createdAuditLog.CreatedAt.UTC(),
 			})
 			if innerErr != nil {
-				log.Printf("Failed to send email to '%s': %v", user.Email, innerErr)
+				slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send notification email", slog.Any("error", innerErr), slog.String("address", user.Email))
+				return
 			}
 		}()
 	}

backend/internal/service/custom_claim_service.go

@@ -55,16 +55,46 @@ const (
 
 // UpdateCustomClaimsForUser updates the custom claims for a user
 func (s *CustomClaimService) UpdateCustomClaimsForUser(ctx context.Context, userID string, claims []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto) ([]model.CustomClaim, error) {
-	return s.updateCustomClaims(ctx, UserID, userID, claims)
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	updatedClaims, err := s.updateCustomClaimsInternal(ctx, UserID, userID, claims, tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit().Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return updatedClaims, nil
 }
 
 // UpdateCustomClaimsForUserGroup updates the custom claims for a user group
 func (s *CustomClaimService) UpdateCustomClaimsForUserGroup(ctx context.Context, userGroupID string, claims []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto) ([]model.CustomClaim, error) {
-	return s.updateCustomClaims(ctx, UserGroupID, userGroupID, claims)
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	updatedClaims, err := s.updateCustomClaimsInternal(ctx, UserGroupID, userGroupID, claims, tx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit().Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return updatedClaims, nil
 }
 
-// updateCustomClaims updates the custom claims for a user or user group
+// updateCustomClaimsInternal updates the custom claims for a user or user group within a transaction
-func (s *CustomClaimService) updateCustomClaims(ctx context.Context, idType idType, value string, claims []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto) ([]model.CustomClaim, error) {
+func (s *CustomClaimService) updateCustomClaimsInternal(ctx context.Context, idType idType, value string, claims []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto, tx *gorm.DB) ([]model.CustomClaim, error) {
 	// Check for duplicate keys in the claims slice
 	seenKeys := make(map[string]struct{})
 	for _, claim := range claims {
@@ -74,11 +104,6 @@ func (s *CustomClaimService) updateCustomClaims(ctx context.Context, idType idTy
 		seenKeys[claim.Key] = struct{}{}
 	}
 
-	tx := s.db.Begin()
-	defer func() {
-		tx.Rollback()
-	}()
-
 	var existingClaims []model.CustomClaim
 	err := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
@@ -150,11 +175,6 @@ func (s *CustomClaimService) updateCustomClaims(ctx context.Context, idType idTy
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	err = tx.Commit().Error
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	return updatedClaims, nil
 }
 

backend/internal/service/e2etest_service.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/x509"
 	"encoding/base64"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"time"
@@ -154,11 +154,12 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 					ID: "3654a746-35d4-4321-ac61-0bdcff2b4055",
 				},
 				Name:               "Nextcloud",
+				LaunchURL:          utils.Ptr("https://nextcloud.local"),
 				Secret:             "$2a$10$9dypwot8nGuCjT6wQWWpJOckZfRprhe2EkwpKizxS/fpVHrOLEJHC", // w2mUeZISmEvIDMEDvpY0PnxQIpj1m3zY
 				CallbackURLs:       model.UrlList{"http://nextcloud/auth/callback"},
 				LogoutCallbackURLs: model.UrlList{"http://nextcloud/auth/logout/callback"},
 				ImageType:          utils.StringPointer("png"),
-				CreatedByID:        users[0].ID,
+				CreatedByID:        utils.Ptr(users[0].ID),
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
@@ -167,11 +168,21 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 				Name:         "Immich",
 				Secret:       "$2a$10$Ak.FP8riD1ssy2AGGbG.gOpnp/rBpymd74j0nxNMtW0GG1Lb4gzxe", // PYjrE9u4v9GVqXKi52eur0eb2Ci4kc0x
 				CallbackURLs: model.UrlList{"http://immich/auth/callback"},
-				CreatedByID:  users[1].ID,
+				CreatedByID:  utils.Ptr(users[1].ID),
 				AllowedUserGroups: []model.UserGroup{
 					userGroups[1],
 				},
 			},
+			{
+				Base: model.Base{
+					ID: "7c21a609-96b5-4011-9900-272b8d31a9d1",
+				},
+				Name:               "Tailscale",
+				Secret:             "$2a$10$xcRReBsvkI1XI6FG8xu/pOgzeF00bH5Wy4d/NThwcdi3ZBpVq/B9a", // n4VfQeXlTzA6yKpWbR9uJcMdSx2qH0Lo
+				CallbackURLs:       model.UrlList{"http://tailscale/auth/callback"},
+				LogoutCallbackURLs: model.UrlList{"http://tailscale/auth/logout/callback"},
+				CreatedByID:        utils.Ptr(users[0].ID),
+			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
 					ID: "c48232ff-ff65-45ed-ae96-7afa8a9b443b",
@@ -179,7 +190,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 				Name:              "Federated",
 				Secret:            "$2a$10$Ak.FP8riD1ssy2AGGbG.gOpnp/rBpymd74j0nxNMtW0GG1Lb4gzxe", // PYjrE9u4v9GVqXKi52eur0eb2Ci4kc0x
 				CallbackURLs:      model.UrlList{"http://federated/auth/callback"},
-				CreatedByID:       users[1].ID,
+				CreatedByID:       utils.Ptr(users[1].ID),
 				AllowedUserGroups: []model.UserGroup{},
 				Credentials: model.OidcClientCredentials{
 					FederatedIdentities: []model.OidcClientFederatedIdentity{
@@ -245,14 +256,22 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 
 		userAuthorizedClients := []model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient{
 			{
-				Scope:    "openid profile email",
+				Scope:      "openid profile email",
-				UserID:   users[0].ID,
+				UserID:     users[0].ID,
-				ClientID: oidcClients[0].ID,
+				ClientID:   oidcClients[0].ID,
+				LastUsedAt: datatype.DateTime(time.Date(2025, 8, 1, 13, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)),
 			},
 			{
-				Scope:    "openid profile email",
+				Scope:      "openid profile email",
-				UserID:   users[1].ID,
+				UserID:     users[0].ID,
-				ClientID: oidcClients[2].ID,
+				ClientID:   oidcClients[2].ID,
+				LastUsedAt: datatype.DateTime(time.Date(2025, 8, 10, 14, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)),
+			},
+			{
+				Scope:      "openid profile email",
+				UserID:     users[1].ID,
+				ClientID:   oidcClients[3].ID,
+				LastUsedAt: datatype.DateTime(time.Date(2025, 8, 12, 12, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC)),
 			},
 		}
 		for _, userAuthorizedClient := range userAuthorizedClients {
@@ -324,7 +343,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "b2c3d4e5-f6g7-8901-bcde-f12345678901",
+					ID: "dc3c9c96-714e-48eb-926e-2d7c7858e6cf",
 				},
 				Token:      "PARTIAL567890ABC",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(7 * 24 * time.Hour)),
@@ -333,7 +352,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "c3d4e5f6-g7h8-9012-cdef-123456789012",
+					ID: "44de1863-ffa5-4db1-9507-4887cd7a1e3f",
 				},
 				Token:      "EXPIRED34567890B",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(-24 * time.Hour)), // Expired
@@ -342,7 +361,7 @@ func (s *TestService) SeedDatabase(baseURL string) error {
 			},
 			{
 				Base: model.Base{
-					ID: "d4e5f6g7-h8i9-0123-def0-234567890123",
+					ID: "f1b1678b-7720-4d8b-8f91-1dbff1e2d02b",
 				},
 				Token:      "FULLYUSED567890C",
 				ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour)),
@@ -402,9 +421,9 @@ func (s *TestService) ResetDatabase() error {
 	return err
 }
 
-func (s *TestService) ResetApplicationImages() error {
+func (s *TestService) ResetApplicationImages(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := os.RemoveAll(common.EnvConfig.UploadPath); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("Error removing directory: %v", err)
+		slog.ErrorContext(ctx, "Error removing directory", slog.Any("error", err))
 		return err
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/geolite_service.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -52,13 +52,14 @@ func NewGeoLiteService(httpClient *http.Client) *GeoLiteService {
 
 	if common.EnvConfig.MaxMindLicenseKey == "" && common.EnvConfig.GeoLiteDBUrl == common.MaxMindGeoLiteCityUrl {
 		// Warn the user, and disable the periodic updater
-		log.Println("MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY environment variable is empty. The GeoLite2 City database won't be updated.")
+		slog.Warn("MAXMIND_LICENSE_KEY environment variable is empty: the GeoLite2 City database won't be updated")
 		service.disableUpdater = true
 	}
 
 	// Initialize IPv6 local ranges
-	if err := service.initializeIPv6LocalRanges(); err != nil {
+	err := service.initializeIPv6LocalRanges()
-		log.Printf("Warning: Failed to initialize IPv6 local ranges: %v", err)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("Failed to initialize IPv6 local ranges", slog.Any("error", err))
 	}
 
 	return service
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ func (s *GeoLiteService) initializeIPv6LocalRanges() error {
 	s.localIPv6Ranges = localRanges
 
 	if len(localRanges) > 0 {
-		log.Printf("Initialized %d IPv6 local ranges", len(localRanges))
+		slog.Info("Initialized IPv6 local ranges", slog.Int("count", len(localRanges)))
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -186,11 +187,11 @@ func (s *GeoLiteService) GetLocationByIP(ipAddress string) (country, city string
 // UpdateDatabase checks the age of the database and updates it if it's older than 14 days.
 func (s *GeoLiteService) UpdateDatabase(parentCtx context.Context) error {
 	if s.isDatabaseUpToDate() {
-		log.Println("GeoLite2 City database is up-to-date")
+		slog.Info("GeoLite2 City database is up-to-date")
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	log.Println("Updating GeoLite2 City database")
+	slog.Info("Updating GeoLite2 City database")
 	downloadUrl := fmt.Sprintf(common.EnvConfig.GeoLiteDBUrl, common.EnvConfig.MaxMindLicenseKey)
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(parentCtx, 10*time.Minute)
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ func (s *GeoLiteService) UpdateDatabase(parentCtx context.Context) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to extract database: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	log.Println("GeoLite2 City database successfully updated.")
+	slog.Info("GeoLite2 City database successfully updated.")
 	return nil
 }
 

backend/internal/service/jwt_service.go

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwa"
@@ -64,16 +63,16 @@ type JwtService struct {
 	jwksEncoded      []byte
 }
 
-func NewJwtService(db *gorm.DB, appConfigService *AppConfigService) *JwtService {
+func NewJwtService(db *gorm.DB, appConfigService *AppConfigService) (*JwtService, error) {
 	service := &JwtService{}
 
 	// Ensure keys are generated or loaded
 	err := service.init(db, appConfigService, &common.EnvConfig)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Failed to initialize jwt service: %v", err)
+		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	return service
+	return service, nil
 }
 
 func (s *JwtService) init(db *gorm.DB, appConfigService *AppConfigService, envConfig *common.EnvConfigSchema) (err error) {

backend/internal/service/ldap_service.go

@@ -8,20 +8,21 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
-	"github.com/google/uuid"
-
 	"github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/dto"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
 type LdapService struct {
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 
 		// Skip groups without a valid LDAP ID
 		if ldapId == "" {
-			log.Printf("Skipping LDAP group without a valid unique identifier (attribute: %s)", dbConfig.LdapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier.Value)
+			slog.Warn("Skipping LDAP group without a valid unique identifier", slog.String("attribute", dbConfig.LdapAttributeGroupUniqueIdentifier.Value))
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -167,13 +168,13 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 
 				userResult, err := client.Search(userSearchReq)
 				if err != nil || len(userResult.Entries) == 0 {
-					log.Printf("Could not resolve group member DN '%s': %v", member, err)
+					slog.WarnContext(ctx, "Could not resolve group member DN", slog.String("member", member), slog.Any("error", err))
 					continue
 				}
 
 				username = userResult.Entries[0].GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserUsername.Value)
 				if username == "" {
-					log.Printf("Could not extract username from group member DN '%s'", member)
+					slog.WarnContext(ctx, "Could not extract username from group member DN", slog.String("member", member))
 					continue
 				}
 			}
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 			var databaseUser model.User
 			err = tx.
 				WithContext(ctx).
-				Where("username = ? AND ldap_id IS NOT NULL", username).
+				Where("username = ? AND ldap_id IS NOT NULL", norm.NFC.String(username)).
 				First(&databaseUser).
 				Error
 			if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
@@ -199,6 +200,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 			FriendlyName: value.GetAttributeValue(dbConfig.LdapAttributeGroupName.Value),
 			LdapID:       ldapId,
 		}
+		dto.Normalize(syncGroup)
 
 		if databaseGroup.ID == "" {
 			newGroup, err := s.groupService.createInternal(ctx, syncGroup, tx)
@@ -248,7 +250,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncGroups(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete group '%s': %w", group.Name, err)
 		}
 
-		log.Printf("Deleted group '%s'", group.Name)
+		slog.Info("Deleted group", slog.String("group", group.Name))
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -293,7 +295,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 
 		// Skip users without a valid LDAP ID
 		if ldapId == "" {
-			log.Printf("Skipping LDAP user without a valid unique identifier (attribute: %s)", dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserUniqueIdentifier.Value)
+			slog.Warn("Skipping LDAP user without a valid unique identifier", slog.String("attribute", dbConfig.LdapAttributeUserUniqueIdentifier.Value))
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -309,7 +311,6 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 
 		// If a user is found (even if disabled), enable them since they're now back in LDAP
 		if databaseUser.ID != "" && databaseUser.Disabled {
-			// Use the transaction instead of the direct context
 			err = tx.
 				WithContext(ctx).
 				Model(&model.User{}).
@@ -318,7 +319,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 				Error
 
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Printf("Failed to enable user %s: %v", databaseUser.Username, err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to enable user %s: %w", databaseUser.Username, err)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -344,11 +345,12 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 			IsAdmin:   isAdmin,
 			LdapID:    ldapId,
 		}
+		dto.Normalize(newUser)
 
 		if databaseUser.ID == "" {
 			_, err = s.userService.createUserInternal(ctx, newUser, true, tx)
 			if errors.Is(err, &common.AlreadyInUseError{}) {
-				log.Printf("Skipping creating LDAP user '%s': %v", newUser.Username, err)
+				slog.Warn("Skipping creating LDAP user", slog.String("username", newUser.Username), slog.Any("error", err))
 				continue
 			} else if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("error creating user '%s': %w", newUser.Username, err)
@@ -356,7 +358,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 		} else {
 			_, err = s.userService.updateUserInternal(ctx, databaseUser.ID, newUser, false, true, tx)
 			if errors.Is(err, &common.AlreadyInUseError{}) {
-				log.Printf("Skipping updating LDAP user '%s': %v", newUser.Username, err)
+				slog.Warn("Skipping updating LDAP user", slog.String("username", newUser.Username), slog.Any("error", err))
 				continue
 			} else if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("error updating user '%s': %w", newUser.Username, err)
@@ -369,7 +371,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 			err = s.saveProfilePicture(ctx, databaseUser.ID, pictureString)
 			if err != nil {
 				// This is not a fatal error
-				log.Printf("Error saving profile picture for user %s: %v", newUser.Username, err)
+				slog.Warn("Error saving profile picture for user", slog.String("username", newUser.Username), slog.Any("error", err))
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -398,7 +400,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to disable user %s: %w", user.Username, err)
 			}
 
-			log.Printf("Disabled user '%s'", user.Username)
+			slog.Info("Disabled user", slog.String("username", user.Username))
 		} else {
 			err = s.userService.deleteUserInternal(ctx, user.ID, true, tx)
 			target := &common.LdapUserUpdateError{}
@@ -408,7 +410,7 @@ func (s *LdapService) SyncUsers(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, client *ldap.C
 				return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete user %s: %w", user.Username, err)
 			}
 
-			log.Printf("Deleted user '%s'", user.Username)
+			slog.Info("Deleted user", slog.String("username", user.Username))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -476,7 +478,7 @@ func getDNProperty(property string, str string) string {
 // LDAP servers may return binary UUIDs (16 bytes) or other non-UTF-8 data.
 func convertLdapIdToString(ldapId string) string {
 	if utf8.ValidString(ldapId) {
-		return ldapId
+		return norm.NFC.String(ldapId)
 	}
 
 	// Try to parse as binary UUID (16 bytes)

backend/internal/service/oidc_service.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
 	"log/slog"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"net/http"
@@ -51,6 +50,7 @@ type OidcService struct {
 	appConfigService   *AppConfigService
 	auditLogService    *AuditLogService
 	customClaimService *CustomClaimService
+	webAuthnService    *WebAuthnService
 
 	httpClient *http.Client
 	jwkCache   *jwk.Cache
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ func NewOidcService(
 	appConfigService *AppConfigService,
 	auditLogService *AuditLogService,
 	customClaimService *CustomClaimService,
+	webAuthnService *WebAuthnService,
 ) (s *OidcService, err error) {
 	s = &OidcService{
 		db:                 db,
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ func NewOidcService(
 		appConfigService:   appConfigService,
 		auditLogService:    auditLogService,
 		customClaimService: customClaimService,
+		webAuthnService:    webAuthnService,
 	}
 
 	// Note: we don't pass the HTTP Client with OTel instrumented to this because requests are always made in background and not tied to a specific trace
@@ -124,6 +126,16 @@ func (s *OidcService) Authorize(ctx context.Context, input dto.AuthorizeOidcClie
 		return "", "", err
 	}
 
+	if client.RequiresReauthentication {
+		if input.ReauthenticationToken == "" {
+			return "", "", &common.ReauthenticationRequiredError{}
+		}
+		err = s.webAuthnService.ConsumeReauthenticationToken(ctx, tx, input.ReauthenticationToken, userID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", "", err
+		}
+	}
+
 	// If the client is not public, the code challenge must be provided
 	if client.IsPublic && input.CodeChallenge == "" {
 		return "", "", &common.OidcMissingCodeChallengeError{}
@@ -150,20 +162,11 @@ func (s *OidcService) Authorize(ctx context.Context, input dto.AuthorizeOidcClie
 		return "", "", &common.OidcAccessDeniedError{}
 	}
 
-	// Check if the user has already authorized the client with the given scope
+	hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, err := s.createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, userID, input.ClientID, input.Scope, tx)
-	hasAuthorizedClient, err := s.hasAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, input.ClientID, userID, input.Scope, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", err
 	}
 
-	// If the user has not authorized the client, create a new authorization in the database
-	if !hasAuthorizedClient {
-		err := s.createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, userID, input.ClientID, input.Scope, tx)
-		if err != nil {
-			return "", "", err
-		}
-	}
-
 	// Create the authorization code
 	code, err := s.createAuthorizationCode(ctx, input.ClientID, userID, input.Scope, input.Nonce, input.CodeChallenge, input.CodeChallengeMethod, tx)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -171,7 +174,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) Authorize(ctx context.Context, input dto.AuthorizeOidcClie
 	}
 
 	// Log the authorization event
-	if hasAuthorizedClient {
+	if hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient {
 		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventClientAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, model.AuditLogData{"clientName": client.Name}, tx)
 	} else {
 		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventNewClientAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, model.AuditLogData{"clientName": client.Name}, tx)
@@ -651,8 +654,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListClients(ctx context.Context, name string, sortedPagina
 	}
 
 	// As allowedUserGroupsCount is not a column, we need to manually sort it
-	isValidSortDirection := sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction == "asc" || sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction == "desc"
+	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "allowedUserGroupsCount" && utils.IsValidSortDirection(sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction) {
-	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "allowedUserGroupsCount" && isValidSortDirection {
 		query = query.Select("oidc_clients.*, COUNT(oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id)").
 			Joins("LEFT JOIN oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups ON oidc_clients.id = oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id").
 			Group("oidc_clients.id").
@@ -668,22 +670,28 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListClients(ctx context.Context, name string, sortedPagina
 
 func (s *OidcService) CreateClient(ctx context.Context, input dto.OidcClientCreateDto, userID string) (model.OidcClient, error) {
 	client := model.OidcClient{
-		CreatedByID: userID,
+		Base: model.Base{
+			ID: input.ID,
+		},
+		CreatedByID: utils.Ptr(userID),
 	}
-	updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(&client, &input)
+	updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(&client, &input.OidcClientUpdateDto)
 
 	err := s.db.
 		WithContext(ctx).
 		Create(&client).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrDuplicatedKey) {
+			return model.OidcClient{}, &common.ClientIdAlreadyExistsError{}
+		}
 		return model.OidcClient{}, err
 	}
 
 	return client, nil
 }
 
-func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input dto.OidcClientCreateDto) (model.OidcClient, error) {
+func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input dto.OidcClientUpdateDto) (model.OidcClient, error) {
 	tx := s.db.Begin()
 	defer func() {
 		tx.Rollback()
@@ -717,7 +725,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) UpdateClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string, input d
 	return client, nil
 }
 
-func updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(client *model.OidcClient, input *dto.OidcClientCreateDto) {
+func updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(client *model.OidcClient, input *dto.OidcClientUpdateDto) {
 	// Base fields
 	client.Name = input.Name
 	client.CallbackURLs = input.CallbackURLs
@@ -725,19 +733,20 @@ func updateOIDCClientModelFromDto(client *model.OidcClient, input *dto.OidcClien
 	client.IsPublic = input.IsPublic
 	// PKCE is required for public clients
 	client.PkceEnabled = input.IsPublic || input.PkceEnabled
+	client.RequiresReauthentication = input.RequiresReauthentication
+	client.LaunchURL = input.LaunchURL
 
 	// Credentials
-	if len(input.Credentials.FederatedIdentities) > 0 {
+	client.Credentials.FederatedIdentities = make([]model.OidcClientFederatedIdentity, len(input.Credentials.FederatedIdentities))
-		client.Credentials.FederatedIdentities = make([]model.OidcClientFederatedIdentity, len(input.Credentials.FederatedIdentities))
+	for i, fi := range input.Credentials.FederatedIdentities {
-		for i, fi := range input.Credentials.FederatedIdentities {
+		client.Credentials.FederatedIdentities[i] = model.OidcClientFederatedIdentity{
-			client.Credentials.FederatedIdentities[i] = model.OidcClientFederatedIdentity{
+			Issuer:   fi.Issuer,
-				Issuer:   fi.Issuer,
+			Audience: fi.Audience,
-				Audience: fi.Audience,
+			Subject:  fi.Subject,
-				Subject:  fi.Subject,
+			JWKS:     fi.JWKS,
-				JWKS:     fi.JWKS,
-			}
 		}
 	}
+
 }
 
 func (s *OidcService) DeleteClient(ctx context.Context, clientID string) error {
@@ -1180,9 +1189,13 @@ func (s *OidcService) VerifyDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, userCode string, use
 	}()
 
 	var deviceAuth model.OidcDeviceCode
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Preload("Client.AllowedUserGroups").First(&deviceAuth, "user_code = ?", userCode).Error; err != nil {
+	err := tx.
-		log.Printf("Error finding device code with user_code %s: %v", userCode, err)
+		WithContext(ctx).
-		return err
+		Preload("Client.AllowedUserGroups").
+		First(&deviceAuth, "user_code = ?", userCode).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error finding device code: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if time.Now().After(deviceAuth.ExpiresAt.ToTime()) {
@@ -1191,17 +1204,26 @@ func (s *OidcService) VerifyDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, userCode string, use
 
 	// Check if the user group is allowed to authorize the client
 	var user model.User
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Preload("UserGroups").First(&user, "id = ?", userID).Error; err != nil {
+	err = tx.
-		return err
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Preload("UserGroups").
+		First(&user, "id = ?", userID).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error finding user groups: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if !s.IsUserGroupAllowedToAuthorize(user, deviceAuth.Client) {
 		return &common.OidcAccessDeniedError{}
 	}
 
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Preload("Client").First(&deviceAuth, "user_code = ?", userCode).Error; err != nil {
+	err = tx.
-		log.Printf("Error finding device code with user_code %s: %v", userCode, err)
+		WithContext(ctx).
-		return err
+		Preload("Client").
+		First(&deviceAuth, "user_code = ?", userCode).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error finding device code: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	if time.Now().After(deviceAuth.ExpiresAt.ToTime()) {
@@ -1211,33 +1233,24 @@ func (s *OidcService) VerifyDeviceCode(ctx context.Context, userCode string, use
 	deviceAuth.UserID = &userID
 	deviceAuth.IsAuthorized = true
 
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Save(&deviceAuth).Error; err != nil {
+	err = tx.
-		log.Printf("Error saving device auth: %v", err)
+		WithContext(ctx).
-		return err
+		Save(&deviceAuth).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error saving device auth: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Verify the update was successful
+	hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, err := s.createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, userID, deviceAuth.ClientID, deviceAuth.Scope, tx)
-	var verifiedAuth model.OidcDeviceCode
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).First(&verifiedAuth, "device_code = ?", deviceAuth.DeviceCode).Error; err != nil {
-		log.Printf("Error verifying update: %v", err)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// Create user authorization if needed
-	hasAuthorizedClient, err := s.hasAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, deviceAuth.ClientID, userID, deviceAuth.Scope, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if !hasAuthorizedClient {
+	auditLogData := model.AuditLogData{"clientName": deviceAuth.Client.Name}
-		err := s.createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, userID, deviceAuth.ClientID, deviceAuth.Scope, tx)
+	if hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient {
-		if err != nil {
+		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventDeviceCodeAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, auditLogData, tx)
-			return err
-		}
-
-		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventNewDeviceCodeAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, model.AuditLogData{"clientName": deviceAuth.Client.Name}, tx)
 	} else {
-		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventDeviceCodeAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, model.AuditLogData{"clientName": deviceAuth.Client.Name}, tx)
+		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventNewDeviceCodeAuthorization, ipAddress, userAgent, userID, auditLogData, tx)
 	}
 
 	return tx.Commit().Error
@@ -1313,6 +1326,108 @@ func (s *OidcService) ListAuthorizedClients(ctx context.Context, userID string,
 	return authorizedClients, response, err
 }
 
+func (s *OidcService) RevokeAuthorizedClient(ctx context.Context, userID string, clientID string) error {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	var authorizedClient model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient
+	err := tx.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("user_id = ? AND client_id = ?", userID, clientID).
+		First(&authorizedClient).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.WithContext(ctx).Delete(&authorizedClient).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit().Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *OidcService) ListAccessibleOidcClients(ctx context.Context, userID string, sortedPaginationRequest utils.SortedPaginationRequest) ([]dto.AccessibleOidcClientDto, utils.PaginationResponse, error) {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	var user model.User
+	err := tx.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Preload("UserGroups").
+		First(&user, "id = ?", userID).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, utils.PaginationResponse{}, err
+	}
+
+	userGroupIDs := make([]string, len(user.UserGroups))
+	for i, group := range user.UserGroups {
+		userGroupIDs[i] = group.ID
+	}
+
+	// Build the query for accessible clients
+	query := tx.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Model(&model.OidcClient{}).
+		Preload("UserAuthorizedOidcClients", "user_id = ?", userID)
+
+	// If user has no groups, only return clients with no allowed user groups
+	if len(userGroupIDs) == 0 {
+		query = query.
+			Joins("LEFT JOIN oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups ON oidc_clients.id = oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id").
+			Where("oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id IS NULL")
+	} else {
+		// Return clients with no allowed user groups OR clients where user is in allowed groups
+		query = query.
+			Joins("LEFT JOIN oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups ON oidc_clients.id = oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id").
+			Where("oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.oidc_client_id IS NULL OR oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups.user_group_id IN (?)", userGroupIDs)
+	}
+
+	var clients []model.OidcClient
+
+	// Handle custom sorting for lastUsedAt column
+	var response utils.PaginationResponse
+	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "lastUsedAt" && utils.IsValidSortDirection(sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction) {
+		query = query.
+			Joins("LEFT JOIN user_authorized_oidc_clients ON oidc_clients.id = user_authorized_oidc_clients.client_id AND user_authorized_oidc_clients.user_id = ?", userID).
+			Order("user_authorized_oidc_clients.last_used_at " + sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction + " NULLS LAST")
+	}
+
+	response, err = utils.PaginateAndSort(sortedPaginationRequest, query, &clients)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, utils.PaginationResponse{}, err
+	}
+
+	dtos := make([]dto.AccessibleOidcClientDto, len(clients))
+	for i, client := range clients {
+		var lastUsedAt *datatype.DateTime
+		if len(client.UserAuthorizedOidcClients) > 0 {
+			lastUsedAt = &client.UserAuthorizedOidcClients[0].LastUsedAt
+		}
+		dtos[i] = dto.AccessibleOidcClientDto{
+			OidcClientMetaDataDto: dto.OidcClientMetaDataDto{
+				ID:        client.ID,
+				Name:      client.Name,
+				LaunchURL: client.LaunchURL,
+				HasLogo:   client.HasLogo,
+			},
+			LastUsedAt: lastUsedAt,
+		}
+	}
+
+	return dtos, response, err
+}
+
 func (s *OidcService) createRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID string, userID string, scope string, tx *gorm.DB) (string, error) {
 	refreshToken, err := utils.GenerateRandomAlphanumericString(40)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1348,14 +1463,37 @@ func (s *OidcService) createRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, clientID string, u
 	return signed, nil
 }
 
-func (s *OidcService) createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, clientID string, scope string, tx *gorm.DB) error {
+func (s *OidcService) createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, clientID string, scope string, tx *gorm.DB) (hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient bool, err error) {
-	userAuthorizedClient := model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient{
+
-		UserID:   userID,
+	// Check if the user has already authorized the client with the given scope
-		ClientID: clientID,
+	hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, err = s.hasAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx, clientID, userID, scope, tx)
-		Scope:    scope,
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
 	}
 
-	err := tx.WithContext(ctx).
+	if hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient {
+		err = tx.
+			WithContext(ctx).
+			Model(&model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient{}).
+			Where("user_id = ? AND client_id = ?", userID, clientID).
+			Update("last_used_at", datatype.DateTime(time.Now())).
+			Error
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, err
+		}
+
+		return hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, nil
+	}
+
+	userAuthorizedClient := model.UserAuthorizedOidcClient{
+		UserID:     userID,
+		ClientID:   clientID,
+		Scope:      scope,
+		LastUsedAt: datatype.DateTime(time.Now()),
+	}
+
+	err = tx.WithContext(ctx).
 		Clauses(clause.OnConflict{
 			Columns:   []clause.Column{{Name: "user_id"}, {Name: "client_id"}},
 			DoUpdates: clause.AssignmentColumns([]string{"scope"}),
@@ -1363,7 +1501,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) createAuthorizedClientInternal(ctx context.Context, userID
 		Create(&userAuthorizedClient).
 		Error
 
-	return err
+	return hasAlreadyAuthorizedClient, err
 }
 
 type ClientAuthCredentials struct {
@@ -1416,8 +1554,8 @@ func (s *OidcService) verifyClientCredentialsInternal(ctx context.Context, tx *g
 
 	// Validate credentials based on the authentication method
 	switch {
-	// First, if we have a client secret, we validate it
+	// First, if we have a client secret, we validate it unless client is marked as public
-	case input.ClientSecret != "":
+	case input.ClientSecret != "" && !client.IsPublic:
 		err = bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(client.Secret), []byte(input.ClientSecret))
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, &common.OidcClientSecretInvalidError{}
@@ -1428,7 +1566,7 @@ func (s *OidcService) verifyClientCredentialsInternal(ctx context.Context, tx *g
 	case isClientAssertion:
 		err = s.verifyClientAssertionFromFederatedIdentities(ctx, client, input)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Printf("Invalid assertion for client '%s': %v", client.ID, err)
+			slog.WarnContext(ctx, "Invalid assertion for client", slog.String("client", client.ID), slog.Any("error", err))
 			return nil, &common.OidcClientAssertionInvalidError{}
 		}
 		return client, nil
@@ -1695,3 +1833,19 @@ func (s *OidcService) getUserClaimsFromAuthorizedClient(ctx context.Context, aut
 
 	return claims, nil
 }
+
+func (s *OidcService) IsClientAccessibleToUser(ctx context.Context, clientID string, userID string) (bool, error) {
+	var user model.User
+	err := s.db.WithContext(ctx).Preload("UserGroups").First(&user, "id = ?", userID).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	var client model.OidcClient
+	err = s.db.WithContext(ctx).Preload("AllowedUserGroups").First(&client, "id = ?", clientID).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+
+	return s.IsUserGroupAllowedToAuthorize(user, client), nil
+}

backend/internal/service/oidc_service_test.go

@@ -171,8 +171,10 @@ func TestOidcService_verifyClientCredentialsInternal(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create the test clients
 	// 1. Confidential client
 	confidentialClient, err := s.CreateClient(t.Context(), dto.OidcClientCreateDto{
-		Name:         "Confidential Client",
+		OidcClientUpdateDto: dto.OidcClientUpdateDto{
-		CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+			Name:         "Confidential Client",
+			CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+		},
 	}, "test-user-id")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -182,20 +184,24 @@ func TestOidcService_verifyClientCredentialsInternal(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// 2. Public client
 	publicClient, err := s.CreateClient(t.Context(), dto.OidcClientCreateDto{
-		Name:         "Public Client",
+		OidcClientUpdateDto: dto.OidcClientUpdateDto{
-		CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+			Name:         "Public Client",
-		IsPublic:     true,
+			CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+			IsPublic:     true,
+		},
 	}, "test-user-id")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// 3. Confidential client with federated identity
 	federatedClient, err := s.CreateClient(t.Context(), dto.OidcClientCreateDto{
-		Name:         "Federated Client",
+		OidcClientUpdateDto: dto.OidcClientUpdateDto{
-		CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+			Name:         "Federated Client",
+			CallbackURLs: []string{"https://example.com/callback"},
+		},
 	}, "test-user-id")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	federatedClient, err = s.UpdateClient(t.Context(), federatedClient.ID, dto.OidcClientCreateDto{
+	federatedClient, err = s.UpdateClient(t.Context(), federatedClient.ID, dto.OidcClientUpdateDto{
 		Name:         federatedClient.Name,
 		CallbackURLs: federatedClient.CallbackURLs,
 		Credentials: dto.OidcClientCredentialsDto{

backend/internal/service/user_group_service.go

@@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ func (s *UserGroupService) List(ctx context.Context, name string, sortedPaginati
 	}
 
 	// As userCount is not a column we need to manually sort it
-	isValidSortDirection := sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction == "asc" || sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction == "desc"
+	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "userCount" && utils.IsValidSortDirection(sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Direction) {
-	if sortedPaginationRequest.Sort.Column == "userCount" && isValidSortDirection {
 		query = query.Select("user_groups.*, COUNT(user_groups_users.user_id)").
 			Joins("LEFT JOIN user_groups_users ON user_groups.id = user_groups_users.user_group_id").
 			Group("user_groups.id").

backend/internal/service/user_service.go

@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@ package service
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
@@ -25,15 +27,23 @@ import (
 )
 
 type UserService struct {
-	db               *gorm.DB
+	db                 *gorm.DB
-	jwtService       *JwtService
+	jwtService         *JwtService
-	auditLogService  *AuditLogService
+	auditLogService    *AuditLogService
-	emailService     *EmailService
+	emailService       *EmailService
-	appConfigService *AppConfigService
+	appConfigService   *AppConfigService
+	customClaimService *CustomClaimService
 }
 
-func NewUserService(db *gorm.DB, jwtService *JwtService, auditLogService *AuditLogService, emailService *EmailService, appConfigService *AppConfigService) *UserService {
+func NewUserService(db *gorm.DB, jwtService *JwtService, auditLogService *AuditLogService, emailService *EmailService, appConfigService *AppConfigService, customClaimService *CustomClaimService) *UserService {
-	return &UserService{db: db, jwtService: jwtService, auditLogService: auditLogService, emailService: emailService, appConfigService: appConfigService}
+	return &UserService{
+		db:                 db,
+		jwtService:         jwtService,
+		auditLogService:    auditLogService,
+		emailService:       emailService,
+		appConfigService:   appConfigService,
+		customClaimService: customClaimService,
+	}
 }
 
 func (s *UserService) ListUsers(ctx context.Context, searchTerm string, sortedPaginationRequest utils.SortedPaginationRequest) ([]model.User, utils.PaginationResponse, error) {
@@ -45,7 +55,8 @@ func (s *UserService) ListUsers(ctx context.Context, searchTerm string, sortedPa
 
 	if searchTerm != "" {
 		searchPattern := "%" + searchTerm + "%"
-		query = query.Where("email LIKE ? OR first_name LIKE ? OR last_name LIKE ? OR username LIKE ?",
+		query = query.Where(
+			"email LIKE ? OR first_name LIKE ? OR last_name LIKE ? OR username LIKE ?",
 			searchPattern, searchPattern, searchPattern, searchPattern)
 	}
 
@@ -118,13 +129,14 @@ func (s *UserService) GetProfilePicture(ctx context.Context, userID string) (io.
 	defaultPictureBytes := defaultPicture.Bytes()
 	go func() {
 		// Ensure the directory exists
-		err = os.MkdirAll(defaultProfilePicturesDir, os.ModePerm)
+		errInternal := os.MkdirAll(defaultProfilePicturesDir, os.ModePerm)
-		if err != nil {
+		if errInternal != nil {
-			log.Printf("Failed to create directory for default profile picture: %v", err)
+			slog.Error("Failed to create directory for default profile picture", slog.Any("error", errInternal))
 			return
 		}
-		if err := utils.SaveFileStream(bytes.NewReader(defaultPictureBytes), defaultPicturePath); err != nil {
+		errInternal = utils.SaveFileStream(bytes.NewReader(defaultPictureBytes), defaultPicturePath)
-			log.Printf("Failed to cache default profile picture for initials %s: %v", user.Initials(), err)
+		if errInternal != nil {
+			slog.Error("Failed to cache default profile picture for initials", slog.String("initials", user.Initials()), slog.Any("error", errInternal))
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -259,9 +271,53 @@ func (s *UserService) createUserInternal(ctx context.Context, input dto.UserCrea
 	} else if err != nil {
 		return model.User{}, err
 	}
+
+	// Apply default groups and claims for new non-LDAP users
+	if !isLdapSync {
+		if err := s.applySignupDefaults(ctx, &user, tx); err != nil {
+			return model.User{}, err
+		}
+	}
+
 	return user, nil
 }
 
+func (s *UserService) applySignupDefaults(ctx context.Context, user *model.User, tx *gorm.DB) error {
+	config := s.appConfigService.GetDbConfig()
+
+	// Apply default user groups
+	var groupIDs []string
+	if v := config.SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs.Value; v != "" && v != "[]" {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v), &groupIDs); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid SignupDefaultUserGroupIDs JSON: %w", err)
+		}
+		if len(groupIDs) > 0 {
+			var groups []model.UserGroup
+			if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Where("id IN ?", groupIDs).Find(&groups).Error; err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to find default user groups: %w", err)
+			}
+			if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Model(user).Association("UserGroups").Replace(groups); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to associate default user groups: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Apply default custom claims
+	var claims []dto.CustomClaimCreateDto
+	if v := config.SignupDefaultCustomClaims.Value; v != "" && v != "[]" {
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(v), &claims); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid SignupDefaultCustomClaims JSON: %w", err)
+		}
+		if len(claims) > 0 {
+			if _, err := s.customClaimService.updateCustomClaimsInternal(ctx, UserID, user.ID, claims, tx); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to apply default custom claims: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (s *UserService) UpdateUser(ctx context.Context, userID string, updatedUser dto.UserCreateDto, updateOwnUser bool, isLdapSync bool) (model.User, error) {
 	tx := s.db.Begin()
 	defer func() {
@@ -339,13 +395,13 @@ func (s *UserService) updateUserInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, upd
 	return user, nil
 }
 
-func (s *UserService) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsAdmin(ctx context.Context, userID string, expiration time.Time) error {
+func (s *UserService) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsAdmin(ctx context.Context, userID string, ttl time.Duration) error {
 	isDisabled := !s.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().EmailOneTimeAccessAsAdminEnabled.IsTrue()
 	if isDisabled {
 		return &common.OneTimeAccessDisabledError{}
 	}
 
-	return s.requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx, userID, "", expiration)
+	return s.requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx, userID, "", ttl)
 }
 
 func (s *UserService) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsUnauthenticatedUser(ctx context.Context, userID, redirectPath string) error {
@@ -365,11 +421,10 @@ func (s *UserService) RequestOneTimeAccessEmailAsUnauthenticatedUser(ctx context
 		}
 	}
 
-	expiration := time.Now().Add(15 * time.Minute)
+	return s.requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx, userId, redirectPath, 15*time.Minute)
-	return s.requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx, userId, redirectPath, expiration)
 }
 
-func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, userID, redirectPath string, expiration time.Time) error {
+func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, userID, redirectPath string, ttl time.Duration) error {
 	tx := s.db.Begin()
 	defer func() {
 		tx.Rollback()
@@ -380,7 +435,7 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 		return err
 	}
 
-	oneTimeAccessToken, err := s.createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx, user.ID, expiration, tx)
+	oneTimeAccessToken, err := s.createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx, user.ID, ttl, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -393,7 +448,8 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 	// We use a background context here as this is running in a goroutine
 	//nolint:contextcheck
 	go func() {
-		innerCtx := context.Background()
+		span := trace.SpanFromContext(ctx)
+		innerCtx := trace.ContextWithSpan(context.Background(), span)
 
 		link := common.EnvConfig.AppURL + "/lc"
 		linkWithCode := link + "/" + oneTimeAccessToken
@@ -411,27 +467,29 @@ func (s *UserService) requestOneTimeAccessEmailInternal(ctx context.Context, use
 			Code:              oneTimeAccessToken,
 			LoginLink:         link,
 			LoginLinkWithCode: linkWithCode,
-			ExpirationString:  utils.DurationToString(time.Until(expiration).Round(time.Second)),
+			ExpirationString:  utils.DurationToString(ttl),
 		})
 		if errInternal != nil {
-			log.Printf("Failed to send email to '%s': %v\n", user.Email, errInternal)
+			slog.ErrorContext(innerCtx, "Failed to send one-time access token email", slog.Any("error", errInternal), slog.String("address", user.Email))
+			return
 		}
 	}()
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (s *UserService) CreateOneTimeAccessToken(ctx context.Context, userID string, expiresAt time.Time) (string, error) {
+func (s *UserService) CreateOneTimeAccessToken(ctx context.Context, userID string, ttl time.Duration) (string, error) {
-	return s.createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx, userID, expiresAt, s.db)
+	return s.createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx, userID, ttl, s.db)
 }
 
-func (s *UserService) createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, expiresAt time.Time, tx *gorm.DB) (string, error) {
+func (s *UserService) createOneTimeAccessTokenInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, ttl time.Duration, tx *gorm.DB) (string, error) {
-	oneTimeAccessToken, err := NewOneTimeAccessToken(userID, expiresAt)
+	oneTimeAccessToken, err := NewOneTimeAccessToken(userID, ttl)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Create(oneTimeAccessToken).Error; err != nil {
+	err = tx.WithContext(ctx).Create(oneTimeAccessToken).Error
+	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
 
@@ -469,9 +527,7 @@ func (s *UserService) ExchangeOneTimeAccessToken(ctx context.Context, token stri
 		return model.User{}, "", err
 	}
 
-	if ipAddress != "" && userAgent != "" {
+	s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventOneTimeAccessTokenSignIn, ipAddress, userAgent, oneTimeAccessToken.User.ID, model.AuditLogData{}, tx)
-		s.auditLogService.Create(ctx, model.AuditLogEventOneTimeAccessTokenSignIn, ipAddress, userAgent, oneTimeAccessToken.User.ID, model.AuditLogData{}, tx)
-	}
 
 	err = tx.Commit().Error
 	if err != nil {
@@ -495,7 +551,7 @@ func (s *UserService) UpdateUserGroups(ctx context.Context, id string, userGroup
 	// Fetch the groups based on userGroupIds
 	var groups []model.UserGroup
 	if len(userGroupIds) > 0 {
-		err = tx.
+		err := tx.
 			WithContext(ctx).
 			Where("id IN (?)", userGroupIds).
 			Find(&groups).
@@ -633,17 +689,14 @@ func (s *UserService) disableUserInternal(ctx context.Context, userID string, tx
 		Error
 }
 
-func (s *UserService) CreateSignupToken(ctx context.Context, expiresAt time.Time, usageLimit int) (model.SignupToken, error) {
+func (s *UserService) CreateSignupToken(ctx context.Context, ttl time.Duration, usageLimit int) (model.SignupToken, error) {
-	return s.createSignupTokenInternal(ctx, expiresAt, usageLimit, s.db)
+	signupToken, err := NewSignupToken(ttl, usageLimit)
-}
-
-func (s *UserService) createSignupTokenInternal(ctx context.Context, expiresAt time.Time, usageLimit int, tx *gorm.DB) (model.SignupToken, error) {
-	signupToken, err := NewSignupToken(expiresAt, usageLimit)
 	if err != nil {
 		return model.SignupToken{}, err
 	}
 
-	if err := tx.WithContext(ctx).Create(signupToken).Error; err != nil {
+	err = s.db.WithContext(ctx).Create(signupToken).Error
+	if err != nil {
 		return model.SignupToken{}, err
 	}
 
@@ -737,10 +790,10 @@ func (s *UserService) DeleteSignupToken(ctx context.Context, tokenID string) err
 	return s.db.WithContext(ctx).Delete(&model.SignupToken{}, "id = ?", tokenID).Error
 }
 
-func NewOneTimeAccessToken(userID string, expiresAt time.Time) (*model.OneTimeAccessToken, error) {
+func NewOneTimeAccessToken(userID string, ttl time.Duration) (*model.OneTimeAccessToken, error) {
 	// If expires at is less than 15 minutes, use a 6-character token instead of 16
 	tokenLength := 16
-	if time.Until(expiresAt) <= 15*time.Minute {
+	if ttl <= 15*time.Minute {
 		tokenLength = 6
 	}
 
@@ -749,25 +802,27 @@ func NewOneTimeAccessToken(userID string, expiresAt time.Time) (*model.OneTimeAc
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	now := time.Now().Round(time.Second)
 	o := &model.OneTimeAccessToken{
 		UserID:    userID,
-		ExpiresAt: datatype.DateTime(expiresAt),
+		ExpiresAt: datatype.DateTime(now.Add(ttl)),
 		Token:     randomString,
 	}
 
 	return o, nil
 }
 
-func NewSignupToken(expiresAt time.Time, usageLimit int) (*model.SignupToken, error) {
+func NewSignupToken(ttl time.Duration, usageLimit int) (*model.SignupToken, error) {
 	// Generate a random token
 	randomString, err := utils.GenerateRandomAlphanumericString(16)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	now := time.Now().Round(time.Second)
 	token := &model.SignupToken{
 		Token:      randomString,
-		ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(expiresAt),
+		ExpiresAt:  datatype.DateTime(now.Add(ttl)),
 		UsageLimit: usageLimit,
 		UsageCount: 0,
 	}

backend/internal/service/webauthn_service.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-webauthn/webauthn/protocol"
 	"github.com/go-webauthn/webauthn/webauthn"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/common"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/model"
@@ -24,8 +25,8 @@ type WebAuthnService struct {
 	appConfigService *AppConfigService
 }
 
-func NewWebAuthnService(db *gorm.DB, jwtService *JwtService, auditLogService *AuditLogService, appConfigService *AppConfigService) *WebAuthnService {
+func NewWebAuthnService(db *gorm.DB, jwtService *JwtService, auditLogService *AuditLogService, appConfigService *AppConfigService) (*WebAuthnService, error) {
-	webauthnConfig := &webauthn.Config{
+	wa, err := webauthn.New(&webauthn.Config{
 		RPDisplayName: appConfigService.GetDbConfig().AppName.Value,
 		RPID:          utils.GetHostnameFromURL(common.EnvConfig.AppURL),
 		RPOrigins:     []string{common.EnvConfig.AppURL},
@@ -44,15 +45,18 @@ func NewWebAuthnService(db *gorm.DB, jwtService *JwtService, auditLogService *Au
 				TimeoutUVD: time.Second * 60,
 			},
 		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init webauthn object: %w", err)
 	}
-	wa, _ := webauthn.New(webauthnConfig)
+
 	return &WebAuthnService{
 		db:               db,
 		webAuthn:         wa,
 		jwtService:       jwtService,
 		auditLogService:  auditLogService,
 		appConfigService: appConfigService,
-	}
+	}, nil
 }
 
 func (s *WebAuthnService) BeginRegistration(ctx context.Context, userID string) (*model.PublicKeyCredentialCreationOptions, error) {
@@ -70,8 +74,7 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) BeginRegistration(ctx context.Context, userID string)
 		Find(&user, "id = ?", userID).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		tx.Rollback()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load user: %w", err)
-		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	options, session, err := s.webAuthn.BeginRegistration(
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) BeginRegistration(ctx context.Context, userID string)
 		webauthn.WithExclusions(user.WebAuthnCredentialDescriptors()),
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to begin WebAuthn registration: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	sessionToStore := &model.WebauthnSession{
@@ -94,12 +97,12 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) BeginRegistration(ctx context.Context, userID string)
 		Create(&sessionToStore).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to save WebAuthn session: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	err = tx.Commit().Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to commit transaction: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return &model.PublicKeyCredentialCreationOptions{
@@ -115,13 +118,15 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) VerifyRegistration(ctx context.Context, sessionID, use
 		tx.Rollback()
 	}()
 
+	// Load & delete the session row
 	var storedSession model.WebauthnSession
 	err := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
-		First(&storedSession, "id = ?", sessionID).
+		Clauses(clause.Returning{}).
+		Delete(&storedSession, "id = ?", sessionID).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, err
+		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to load WebAuthn session: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	session := webauthn.SessionData{
@@ -136,12 +141,12 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) VerifyRegistration(ctx context.Context, sessionID, use
 		Find(&user, "id = ?", userID).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, err
+		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to load user: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	credential, err := s.webAuthn.FinishRegistration(&user, session, r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, err
+		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to finish WebAuthn registration: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// Determine passkey name using AAGUID and User-Agent
@@ -162,12 +167,12 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) VerifyRegistration(ctx context.Context, sessionID, use
 		Create(&credentialToStore).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, err
+		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to store WebAuthn credential: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	err = tx.Commit().Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, err
+		return model.WebauthnCredential{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to commit transaction: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return credentialToStore, nil
@@ -216,13 +221,15 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) VerifyLogin(ctx context.Context, sessionID string, cre
 		tx.Rollback()
 	}()
 
+	// Load & delete the session row
 	var storedSession model.WebauthnSession
 	err := tx.
 		WithContext(ctx).
-		First(&storedSession, "id = ?", sessionID).
+		Clauses(clause.Returning{}).
+		Delete(&storedSession, "id = ?", sessionID).
 		Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return model.User{}, "", err
+		return model.User{}, "", fmt.Errorf("failed to load WebAuthn session: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	session := webauthn.SessionData{
@@ -329,3 +336,136 @@ func (s *WebAuthnService) UpdateCredential(ctx context.Context, userID, credenti
 func (s *WebAuthnService) updateWebAuthnConfig() {
 	s.webAuthn.Config.RPDisplayName = s.appConfigService.GetDbConfig().AppName.Value
 }
+
+func (s *WebAuthnService) CreateReauthenticationTokenWithAccessToken(ctx context.Context, accessToken string) (string, error) {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	token, err := s.jwtService.VerifyAccessToken(accessToken)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid access token: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	userID, ok := token.Subject()
+	if !ok {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("access token does not contain user ID")
+	}
+
+	// Check if token is issued less than a minute ago
+	tokenExpiration, ok := token.IssuedAt()
+	if !ok || time.Since(tokenExpiration) > time.Minute {
+		return "", &common.ReauthenticationRequiredError{}
+	}
+
+	var user model.User
+	err = tx.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		First(&user, "id = ?", userID).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to load user: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	reauthToken, err := s.createReauthenticationToken(ctx, tx, user.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit().Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return reauthToken, nil
+}
+
+func (s *WebAuthnService) CreateReauthenticationTokenWithWebauthn(ctx context.Context, sessionID string, credentialAssertionData *protocol.ParsedCredentialAssertionData) (string, error) {
+	tx := s.db.Begin()
+	defer func() {
+		tx.Rollback()
+	}()
+
+	// Retrieve and delete the session
+	var storedSession model.WebauthnSession
+	err := tx.
+		WithContext(ctx).
+		Clauses(clause.Returning{}).
+		Delete(&storedSession, "id = ? AND expires_at > ?", sessionID, datatype.DateTime(time.Now())).
+		Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to load WebAuthn session: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	session := webauthn.SessionData{
+		Challenge: storedSession.Challenge,
+		Expires:   storedSession.ExpiresAt.ToTime(),
+	}
+
+	// Validate the credential assertion
+	var user *model.User
+	_, err = s.webAuthn.ValidateDiscoverableLogin(func(_, userHandle []byte) (webauthn.User, error) {
+		innerErr := tx.
+			WithContext(ctx).
+			Preload("Credentials").
+			First(&user, "id = ?", string(userHandle)).
+			Error
+		if innerErr != nil {
+			return nil, innerErr
+		}
+		return user, nil
+	}, session, credentialAssertionData)
+
+	if err != nil || user == nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	// Create reauthentication token
+	token, err := s.createReauthenticationToken(ctx, tx, user.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	err = tx.Commit().Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}
+
+func (s *WebAuthnService) ConsumeReauthenticationToken(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, token string, userID string) error {
+	hashedToken := utils.CreateSha256Hash(token)
+	result := tx.WithContext(ctx).
+		Clauses(clause.Returning{}).
+		Delete(&model.ReauthenticationToken{}, "token = ? AND user_id = ? AND expires_at > ?", hashedToken, userID, datatype.DateTime(time.Now()))
+
+	if result.Error != nil {
+		return result.Error
+	}
+	if result.RowsAffected == 0 {
+		return &common.ReauthenticationRequiredError{}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *WebAuthnService) createReauthenticationToken(ctx context.Context, tx *gorm.DB, userID string) (string, error) {
+	token, err := utils.GenerateRandomAlphanumericString(32)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	reauthToken := model.ReauthenticationToken{
+		Token:     utils.CreateSha256Hash(token),
+		ExpiresAt: datatype.DateTime(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Minute)),
+		UserID:    userID,
+	}
+
+	err = tx.WithContext(ctx).Create(&reauthToken).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return token, nil
+}

backend/internal/utils/aaguid_util.go

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
@@ -57,12 +57,13 @@ func loadAAGUIDsFromFile() {
 	// Read from embedded file system
 	data, err := resources.FS.ReadFile("aaguids.json")
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Printf("Error reading embedded AAGUID file: %v", err)
+		slog.Error("Error reading embedded AAGUID file", slog.Any("error", err))
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &aaguidMap); err != nil {
+	err = json.Unmarshal(data, &aaguidMap)
-		log.Printf("Error unmarshalling AAGUID data: %v", err)
+	if err != nil {
+		slog.Error("Error unmarshalling AAGUID data", slog.Any("error", err))
 		return
 	}
 }

backend/internal/utils/file_util.go

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 package utils
 
 import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"mime/multipart"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
@@ -136,3 +139,41 @@ func FileExists(path string) (bool, error) {
 	}
 	return !s.IsDir(), nil
 }
+
+// IsWritableDir checks if a directory exists and is writable
+func IsWritableDir(dir string) (bool, error) {
+	// Check if directory exists and it's actually a directory
+	info, err := os.Stat(dir)
+	if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return false, nil
+	} else if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to stat '%s': %w", dir, err)
+	}
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+
+	// Generate a random suffix for the test file to avoid conflicts
+	randomBytes := make([]byte, 8)
+	_, err = io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, randomBytes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to generate random bytes: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if directory is writable by trying to create a temporary file
+	testFile := filepath.Join(dir, ".pocketid_test_write_"+hex.EncodeToString(randomBytes))
+	defer os.Remove(testFile)
+
+	file, err := os.Create(testFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsPermission(err) || errors.Is(err, syscall.EROFS) {
+			return false, nil
+		}
+
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to create test file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	_ = file.Close()
+
+	return true, nil
+}

backend/internal/utils/image/profile_picture.go

@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ func CreateProfilePicture(file io.Reader) (io.Reader, error) {
 
 	pr, pw := io.Pipe()
 	go func() {
-		err = imaging.Encode(pw, img, imaging.PNG)
+		innerErr := imaging.Encode(pw, img, imaging.PNG)
-		if err != nil {
+		if innerErr != nil {
-			_ = pw.CloseWithError(fmt.Errorf("failed to encode image: %w", err))
+			_ = pw.CloseWithError(fmt.Errorf("failed to encode image: %w", innerErr))
 			return
 		}
 		pw.Close()

backend/internal/utils/json_util.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// JSONDuration is a type that allows marshalling/unmarshalling a Duration
+type JSONDuration struct {
+	time.Duration
+}
+
+func (d JSONDuration) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(d.String())
+}
+
+func (d *JSONDuration) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	var v any
+	err := json.Unmarshal(b, &v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	switch value := v.(type) {
+	case float64:
+		// If the value is a number, interpret it as a number of seconds
+		d.Duration = time.Duration(value) * time.Second
+		return nil
+	case string:
+		if v == "" {
+			return nil
+		}
+		var err error
+		d.Duration, err = time.ParseDuration(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	default:
+		return errors.New("invalid duration")
+	}
+}

backend/internal/utils/json_util_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestJSONDuration_MarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		duration time.Duration
+		want     string
+	}{
+		{time.Minute + 30*time.Second, "1m30s"},
+		{0, "0s"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		d := JSONDuration{Duration: tc.duration}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(d)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, `"`+tc.want+`"`, string(b))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJSONDuration_UnmarshalJSON_String(t *testing.T) {
+	var d JSONDuration
+	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(`"2h15m5s"`), &d)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	want := 2*time.Hour + 15*time.Minute + 5*time.Second
+	assert.Equal(t, want, d.Duration)
+}
+
+func TestJSONDuration_UnmarshalJSON_NumberSeconds(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		json string
+		want time.Duration
+	}{
+		{"0", 0},
+		{"1", 1 * time.Second},
+		{"2.25", 2 * time.Second}, // Milliseconds are truncated
+	}
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		var d JSONDuration
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tc.json), &d)
+		require.NoError(t, err, "input: %s", tc.json)
+		assert.Equal(t, tc.want, d.Duration, "input: %s", tc.json)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestJSONDuration_UnmarshalJSON_Invalid(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := [][]byte{
+		[]byte(`true`),
+		[]byte(`{}`),
+		[]byte(`"not-a-duration"`),
+	}
+	for _, b := range cases {
+		var d JSONDuration
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b, &d)
+		require.Error(t, err, "input: %s", string(b))
+	}
+}

backend/internal/utils/jwk/utils.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"hash"
 	"io"
-	"os"
 
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwa"
 	"github.com/lestrrat-go/jwx/v3/jwk"
@@ -47,26 +46,15 @@ func EncodeJWKBytes(key jwk.Key) ([]byte, error) {
 
 // LoadKeyEncryptionKey loads the key encryption key for JWKs
 func LoadKeyEncryptionKey(envConfig *common.EnvConfigSchema, instanceID string) (kek []byte, err error) {
-	// Try getting the key from the env var as string
+	// If there's no key, return
-	kekInput := []byte(envConfig.EncryptionKey)
+	if len(envConfig.EncryptionKey) == 0 {
-
-	// If there's nothing in the env, try loading from file
-	if len(kekInput) == 0 && envConfig.EncryptionKeyFile != "" {
-		kekInput, err = os.ReadFile(envConfig.EncryptionKeyFile)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read key file '%s': %w", envConfig.EncryptionKeyFile, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// If there's still no key, return
-	if len(kekInput) == 0 {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
 	// We need a 256-bit key for encryption with AES-GCM-256
 	// We use HMAC with SHA3-256 here to derive the key from the one passed as input
 	// The key is tied to a specific instance of Pocket ID
-	h := hmac.New(func() hash.Hash { return sha3.New256() }, kekInput)
+	h := hmac.New(func() hash.Hash { return sha3.New256() }, []byte(envConfig.EncryptionKey))
 	fmt.Fprint(h, "pocketid/"+instanceID+"/jwk-kek")
 	kek = h.Sum(nil)
 

backend/internal/utils/paging_util.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package utils
 import (
 	"reflect"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
@@ -35,9 +36,7 @@ func PaginateAndSort(sortedPaginationRequest SortedPaginationRequest, query *gor
 	sortField, sortFieldFound := reflect.TypeOf(result).Elem().Elem().FieldByName(capitalizedSortColumn)
 	isSortable, _ := strconv.ParseBool(sortField.Tag.Get("sortable"))
 
-	if sort.Direction == "" || (sort.Direction != "asc" && sort.Direction != "desc") {
+	sort.Direction = NormalizeSortDirection(sort.Direction)
-		sort.Direction = "asc"
-	}
 
 	if sortFieldFound && isSortable {
 		columnName := CamelCaseToSnakeCase(sort.Column)
@@ -85,3 +84,16 @@ func Paginate(page int, pageSize int, query *gorm.DB, result interface{}) (Pagin
 		ItemsPerPage: pageSize,
 	}, nil
 }
+
+func NormalizeSortDirection(direction string) string {
+	d := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(direction))
+	if d != "asc" && d != "desc" {
+		return "asc"
+	}
+	return d
+}
+
+func IsValidSortDirection(direction string) bool {
+	d := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(direction))
+	return d == "asc" || d == "desc"
+}

backend/internal/utils/signals/signal.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package signals
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"log"
+	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"syscall"
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ func SignalContext(parentCtx context.Context) context.Context {
 	signal.Notify(sigCh, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	go func() {
 		<-sigCh
-		log.Println("Received interrupt signal. Shutting down…")
+		slog.Info("Received interrupt signal. Shutting down…")
 		cancel()
 
 		<-sigCh
-		log.Println("Received a second interrupt signal. Forcing an immediate shutdown.")
+		slog.Warn("Received a second interrupt signal. Forcing an immediate shutdown.")
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}()
 

backend/internal/utils/slogfanout.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package utils
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
+	"slices"
+)
+
+// This file contains code adapted from https://github.com/samber/slog-multi
+// Source: https://github.com/samber/slog-multi/blob/ced84707f45ec9848138349ed58de178eedaa6f2/pipe.go
+// Copyright (C) 2023 Samuel Berthe
+// License: MIT (https://github.com/samber/slog-multi/blob/ced84707f45ec9848138349ed58de178eedaa6f2/LICENSE)
+
+// LogFanoutHandler is a slog.Handler that sends logs to multiple destinations
+type LogFanoutHandler []slog.Handler
+
+// Implements slog.Handler
+func (h LogFanoutHandler) Enabled(ctx context.Context, l slog.Level) bool {
+	for i := range h {
+		if h[i].Enabled(ctx, l) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// Implements slog.Handler
+func (h LogFanoutHandler) Handle(ctx context.Context, r slog.Record) error {
+	errs := make([]error, 0)
+	for i := range h {
+		if h[i].Enabled(ctx, r.Level) {
+			err := try(func() error {
+				return h[i].Handle(ctx, r.Clone())
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				errs = append(errs, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return errors.Join(errs...)
+}
+
+// Implements slog.Handler
+func (h LogFanoutHandler) WithAttrs(attrs []slog.Attr) slog.Handler {
+	res := make(LogFanoutHandler, len(h))
+	for i, v := range h {
+		res[i] = v.WithAttrs(slices.Clone(attrs))
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+// Implements slog.Handler
+func (h LogFanoutHandler) WithGroup(name string) slog.Handler {
+	// https://cs.opensource.google/go/x/exp/+/46b07846:slog/handler.go;l=247
+	if name == "" {
+		return h
+	}
+
+	res := make(LogFanoutHandler, len(h))
+	for i, v := range h {
+		res[i] = v.WithGroup(name)
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func try(callback func() error) (err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		r := recover()
+		if r != nil {
+			if e, ok := r.(error); ok {
+				err = e
+			} else {
+				err = fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %+v", r)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	err = callback()
+
+	return
+}

backend/internal/utils/sqlite/sqlite_util.go

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package sqlite
+
+import (
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	sqlitelib "github.com/glebarez/go-sqlite"
+	"golang.org/x/text/unicode/norm"
+)
+
+func RegisterSqliteFunctions() {
+	// Register the `normalize(text, form)` function, which performs Unicode normalization on the text
+	// This is currently only used in migration functions
+	sqlitelib.MustRegisterDeterministicScalarFunction("normalize", 2, func(ctx *sqlitelib.FunctionContext, args []driver.Value) (driver.Value, error) {
+		if len(args) != 2 {
+			return nil, errors.New("normalize requires 2 arguments")
+		}
+
+		arg0, ok := args[0].(string)
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("first argument for normalize is not a string: %T", args[0])
+		}
+
+		arg1, ok := args[1].(string)
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("second argument for normalize is not a string: %T", args[1])
+		}
+
+		var form norm.Form
+		switch strings.ToLower(arg1) {
+		case "nfc":
+			form = norm.NFC
+		case "nfd":
+			form = norm.NFD
+		case "nfkc":
+			form = norm.NFKC
+		case "nfkd":
+			form = norm.NFKD
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported form: %s", arg1)
+		}
+
+		if len(arg0) == 0 {
+			return arg0, nil
+		}
+
+		return form.String(arg0), nil
+	})
+}

backend/internal/utils/testing/database.go

@@ -17,9 +17,14 @@ import (
 	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
 
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils"
+	sqliteutil "github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/internal/utils/sqlite"
 	"github.com/pocket-id/pocket-id/backend/resources"
 )
 
+func init() {
+	sqliteutil.RegisterSqliteFunctions()
+}
+
 // NewDatabaseForTest returns a new instance of GORM connected to an in-memory SQLite database.
 // Each database connection is unique for the test.
 // All migrations are automatically performed.

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250705000000_normalize.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250705000000_normalize.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-- Normalize (form NFC) all existing values in the database
+DO $$
+BEGIN
+    -- This function is available only if the server's encoding is UTF8
+    IF current_setting('server_encoding') = 'UTF8' THEN
+        UPDATE api_keys SET
+            name = normalize(name, NFC),
+            description = normalize(description, NFC);
+
+        UPDATE app_config_variables SET
+            "value" = normalize("value", NFC)
+        WHERE "key" = 'appName';
+
+        UPDATE custom_claims SET
+            "key" = normalize("key", NFC),
+            "value" = normalize("value", NFC);
+
+        UPDATE oidc_clients SET
+            name = normalize(name, NFC);
+
+        UPDATE users SET
+            username = normalize(username, NFC),
+            email = normalize(email, NFC),
+            first_name = normalize(first_name, NFC),
+            last_name = normalize(last_name, NFC);
+
+        UPDATE user_groups SET
+            friendly_name = normalize(friendly_name, NFC),
+            "name" = normalize("name", NFC);
+    ELSE
+		RAISE NOTICE 'Skipping normalization: server_encoding is %', current_setting('server_encoding');
+	END IF;
+END;
+$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250810144214_apps_dashboard.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients DROP COLUMN launch_url;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients DROP COLUMN last_used_at;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250810144214_apps_dashboard.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients ADD COLUMN launch_url TEXT;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients ADD COLUMN last_used_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT current_timestamp;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250814121300_requires_reauthentication.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients DROP COLUMN requires_reauthentication;
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS reauthentication_tokens;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250814121300_requires_reauthentication.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients ADD COLUMN requires_reauthentication BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+
+CREATE TABLE reauthentication_tokens (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+    token TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    expires_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    user_id uuid NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_reauthentication_tokens_token ON reauthentication_tokens(token);

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250822000000_foreign_keys_improvements.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+ALTER TABLE public.audit_logs
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS audit_logs_user_id_fkey,
+    ADD CONSTRAINT audit_logs_user_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES public.users (id);
+
+ALTER TABLE public.oidc_authorization_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250822000000_foreign_keys_improvements.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+ALTER TABLE public.audit_logs
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS audit_logs_user_id_fkey,
+    ADD CONSTRAINT audit_logs_user_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES public.users (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE public.oidc_authorization_codes
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES public.oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250824164821_client_id_type.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op because strings can't be converted to UUIDs

backend/resources/migrations/postgres/20250824164821_client_id_type.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+-- Drop foreign keys that reference oidc_clients(id)
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk;
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS user_authorized_oidc_clients_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_refresh_tokens_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_device_codes_client_id_fkey;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups_oidc_client_id_fkey;
+
+-- Alter child columns to TEXT
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    ALTER COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN client_id TYPE TEXT USING client_id::text;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN oidc_client_id TYPE TEXT USING oidc_client_id::text;
+
+-- Alter parent primary key column to TEXT
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients
+    ALTER
+        COLUMN id TYPE TEXT USING id::text;
+
+-- Recreate foreign keys with the new type
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_authorization_codes_client_fk
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients
+    ADD CONSTRAINT user_authorized_oidc_clients_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_refresh_tokens
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_refresh_tokens_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_device_codes
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_device_codes_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;
+
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups
+    ADD CONSTRAINT oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups_oidc_client_id_fkey
+        FOREIGN KEY (oidc_client_id) REFERENCES oidc_clients (id) ON DELETE CASCADE;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250705000000_normalize.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250705000000_normalize.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+-- Normalize (form NFC) all existing values in the database
+UPDATE api_keys SET
+    name = normalize(name, 'nfc'),
+    description = normalize(description, 'nfc');
+
+UPDATE app_config_variables SET
+    "value" = normalize("value", 'nfc')
+WHERE "key" = 'appName';
+
+UPDATE custom_claims SET
+    "key" = normalize("key", 'nfc'),
+    "value" = normalize("value", 'nfc');
+
+UPDATE oidc_clients SET
+    name = normalize(name, 'nfc');
+
+UPDATE users SET
+    username = normalize(username, 'nfc'),
+    email = normalize(email, 'nfc'),
+    first_name = normalize(first_name, 'nfc'),
+    last_name = normalize(last_name, 'nfc');
+
+UPDATE user_groups SET
+    friendly_name = normalize(friendly_name, 'nfc'),
+    "name" = normalize("name", 'nfc');

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250810144214_apps_dashboard.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients DROP COLUMN launch_url;
+
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients DROP COLUMN created_at;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250810144214_apps_dashboard.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients ADD COLUMN launch_url TEXT;
+
+CREATE TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients_new
+(
+    scope     TEXT,
+    user_id   TEXT,
+    client_id TEXT REFERENCES oidc_clients,
+    last_used_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (user_id, client_id)
+);
+
+INSERT INTO user_authorized_oidc_clients_new (scope, user_id, client_id, last_used_at)
+SELECT scope, user_id, client_id, unixepoch() FROM user_authorized_oidc_clients;
+
+DROP TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients;
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients_new RENAME TO user_authorized_oidc_clients;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250814121300_requires_reauthentication.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients DROP COLUMN requires_reauthentication;
+DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_reauthentication_tokens_token;
+DROP TABLE IF EXISTS reauthentication_tokens;

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250814121300_requires_reauthentication.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients ADD COLUMN requires_reauthentication BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE;
+
+CREATE TABLE reauthentication_tokens (
+    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    token TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    expires_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    user_id TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX idx_reauthentication_tokens_token ON reauthentication_tokens(token);

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250822000000_foreign_keys_improvements.down.sql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+-- No-op

backend/resources/migrations/sqlite/20250822000000_foreign_keys_improvements.up.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
+---------------------------
+-- Delete all orphaned rows
+---------------------------
+UPDATE oidc_clients
+SET created_by_id = NULL
+WHERE created_by_id IS NOT NULL
+  AND created_by_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+
+DELETE FROM oidc_authorization_codes WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+DELETE FROM one_time_access_tokens WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+DELETE FROM webauthn_credentials WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+DELETE FROM audit_logs WHERE user_id IS NOT NULL AND user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+DELETE FROM api_keys WHERE user_id IS NOT NULL AND user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+
+DELETE FROM oidc_refresh_tokens WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users) OR client_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM oidc_clients);
+DELETE FROM oidc_device_codes WHERE (user_id IS NOT NULL AND user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users)) OR client_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM oidc_clients);
+DELETE FROM user_authorized_oidc_clients WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users) OR client_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM oidc_clients);
+
+DELETE FROM user_groups_users WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users) OR user_group_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM user_groups);
+
+DELETE FROM custom_claims WHERE (user_id IS NOT NULL AND user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users)) OR (user_group_id IS NOT NULL AND user_group_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM user_groups));
+
+DELETE FROM oidc_clients_allowed_user_groups WHERE oidc_client_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM oidc_clients) OR user_group_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM user_groups);
+
+DELETE FROM reauthentication_tokens WHERE user_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM users);
+
+---------------------------
+-- Add missing foreign keys and edit cascade behavior where necessary
+---------------------------
+
+-- reauthentication_tokens: add missing FK user_id → users
+CREATE TABLE reauthentication_tokens_new
+(
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    token      TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    expires_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
+    user_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+INSERT INTO reauthentication_tokens_new (id, created_at, token, expires_at, user_id)
+SELECT id, created_at, token, expires_at, user_id
+FROM reauthentication_tokens;
+DROP TABLE reauthentication_tokens;
+ALTER TABLE reauthentication_tokens_new RENAME TO reauthentication_tokens;
+CREATE INDEX idx_reauthentication_tokens_token
+    ON reauthentication_tokens (token);
+
+-- oidc_authorization_codes: add FK client_id, user_id → CASCADE
+CREATE TABLE oidc_authorization_codes_new
+(
+    id                           TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at                   DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    code                         TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    scope                        TEXT NOT NULL,
+    nonce                        TEXT,
+    expires_at                   DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    user_id                      TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    client_id                    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES oidc_clients ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    code_challenge               TEXT,
+    code_challenge_method_sha256 NUMERIC
+);
+INSERT INTO oidc_authorization_codes_new
+    (id, created_at, code, scope, nonce, expires_at, user_id, client_id, code_challenge, code_challenge_method_sha256)
+SELECT id, created_at, code, scope, nonce, expires_at, user_id, client_id, code_challenge, code_challenge_method_sha256
+FROM oidc_authorization_codes;
+DROP TABLE oidc_authorization_codes;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_authorization_codes_new RENAME TO oidc_authorization_codes;
+
+-- user_authorized_oidc_clients: add FK user_id, cascade client_id
+CREATE TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients_new
+(
+    scope        TEXT,
+    user_id      TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    client_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES oidc_clients ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    last_used_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (user_id, client_id)
+);
+INSERT INTO user_authorized_oidc_clients_new (scope, user_id, client_id, last_used_at)
+SELECT scope, user_id, client_id, last_used_at
+FROM user_authorized_oidc_clients;
+DROP TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients;
+ALTER TABLE user_authorized_oidc_clients_new RENAME TO user_authorized_oidc_clients;
+
+-- audit_logs: user_id → CASCADE
+CREATE TABLE audit_logs_new
+(
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    event      TEXT NOT NULL,
+    ip_address TEXT,
+    user_agent TEXT NOT NULL,
+    data       BLOB NOT NULL,
+    user_id    TEXT REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    country    TEXT,
+    city       TEXT
+);
+INSERT INTO audit_logs_new
+    (id, created_at, event, ip_address, user_agent, data, user_id, country, city)
+SELECT id, created_at, event, ip_address, user_agent, data, user_id, country, city
+FROM audit_logs;
+DROP TABLE audit_logs;
+ALTER TABLE audit_logs_new RENAME TO audit_logs;
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_client_name ON audit_logs((json_extract(data, '$.clientName')));
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_country ON audit_logs (country);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_created_at ON audit_logs (created_at);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_event ON audit_logs (event);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_user_agent ON audit_logs (user_agent);
+CREATE INDEX idx_audit_logs_user_id ON audit_logs (user_id);
+
+-- oidc_clients: created_by_id → SET NULL
+CREATE TABLE oidc_clients_new
+(
+    id                        TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at                DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    name                      TEXT,
+    secret                    TEXT,
+    callback_urls             BLOB,
+    image_type                TEXT,
+    created_by_id             TEXT REFERENCES users ON DELETE SET NULL,
+    is_public                 BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
+    pkce_enabled              BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
+    logout_callback_urls      BLOB,
+    credentials               TEXT,
+    launch_url                TEXT,
+    requires_reauthentication BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO oidc_clients_new
+    (id, created_at, name, secret, callback_urls, image_type, created_by_id,
+     is_public, pkce_enabled, logout_callback_urls, credentials, launch_url, requires_reauthentication)
+SELECT id, created_at, name, secret, callback_urls, image_type, created_by_id,
+       is_public, pkce_enabled, logout_callback_urls, credentials, launch_url, requires_reauthentication
+FROM oidc_clients;
+DROP TABLE oidc_clients;
+ALTER TABLE oidc_clients_new RENAME TO oidc_clients;
+
+-- one_time_access_tokens: user_id → CASCADE
+CREATE TABLE one_time_access_tokens_new
+(
+    id         TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    token      TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    expires_at DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    user_id    TEXT NOT NULL REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE
+);
+INSERT INTO one_time_access_tokens_new
+    (id, created_at, token, expires_at, user_id)
+SELECT id, created_at, token, expires_at, user_id
+FROM one_time_access_tokens;
+DROP TABLE one_time_access_tokens;
+ALTER TABLE one_time_access_tokens_new RENAME TO one_time_access_tokens;
+
+-- webauthn_credentials: user_id → CASCADE
+CREATE TABLE webauthn_credentials_new
+(
+    id               TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+    created_at       DATETIME NOT NULL,
+    name             TEXT NOT NULL,
+    credential_id    TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    public_key       BLOB NOT NULL,
+    attestation_type TEXT NOT NULL,
+    transport        BLOB NOT NULL,
+    user_id          TEXT REFERENCES users ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    backup_eligible  BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL,
+    backup_state     BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE NOT NULL
+);
+INSERT INTO webauthn_credentials_new
+    (id, created_at, name, credential_id, public_key, attestation_type,
+     transport, user_id, backup_eligible, backup_state)
+SELECT id, created_at, name, credential_id, public_key, attestation_type,
+       transport, user_id, backup_eligible, backup_state
+FROM webauthn_credentials;
+DROP TABLE webauthn_credentials;
+ALTER TABLE webauthn_credentials_new RENAME TO webauthn_credentials;
+
+PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON;
+PRAGMA foreign_key_check;

frontend/messages/cs.json

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 	"click_to_copy": "Kliknutím zkopírujete",
 	"something_went_wrong": "Něco se pokazilo",
 	"go_back_to_home": "Přejít zpět domů",
-	"dont_have_access_to_your_passkey": "Nemáte přístup k Vašemu přístupovému klíči?",
+	"alternative_sign_in_methods": "Alternativní způsoby přihlášení",
 	"login_background": "Pozadí přihlašovací stránky",
 	"logo": "Logo",
 	"login_code": "Přihlašovací kód",
@@ -276,6 +276,8 @@
 	"public_clients_description": "Veřejní klienti nemají client secret a místo toho používají PKCE. Povolte to, pokud je váš klient SPA nebo mobilní aplikace.",
 	"pkce": "PKCE",
 	"public_key_code_exchange_is_a_security_feature_to_prevent_csrf_and_authorization_code_interception_attacks": "Public Key Exchange je bezpečnostní funkce, která zabraňuje útokům CSRF a narušení autorizačních kódů.",
+	"requires_reauthentication": "Vyžaduje opětovné ověření",
+	"requires_users_to_authenticate_again_on_each_authorization": "Vyžaduje, aby se uživatelé při každém autorizačním pokusu znovu ověřili, i když jsou již přihlášeni.",
 	"name_logo": "Logo {name}",
 	"change_logo": "Změnit logo",
 	"upload_logo": "Nahrát logo",
@@ -385,6 +387,12 @@
 	"number_of_times_token_can_be_used": "Kolikrát lze použít registrační token.",
 	"expires": "Vyprší",
 	"signup": "Zaregistrovat se",
+	"user_creation": "Vytvoření uživatele",
+	"configure_user_creation": "Spravujte nastavení vytváření uživatelů, včetně metod registrace a výchozích oprávnění pro nové uživatele.",
+	"user_creation_groups_description": "Při registraci automaticky přiřaďte tyto skupiny novým uživatelům.",
+	"user_creation_claims_description": "Při registraci automaticky přiřaďte tyto vlastní nároky novým uživatelům.",
+	"user_creation_updated_successfully": "Nastavení pro vytváření uživatelů bylo úspěšně aktualizováno.",
+	"signup_disabled_description": "Registrace uživatelů jsou kompletně zakázány. Nové uživatelské účty mohou vytvářet pouze správci.",
 	"signup_requires_valid_token": "Pro vytvoření účtu je vyžadován platný registrační token",
 	"validating_signup_token": "Ověřování registračního tokenu",
 	"go_to_login": "Přejít na přihlášení",
@@ -396,7 +404,7 @@
 	"skip_for_now": "Prozatím přeskočit",
 	"account_created": "Účet vytvořen",
 	"enable_user_signups": "Povolit registraci uživatelů",
-	"enable_user_signups_description": "Určuje, zda by měla být funkce registrace uživatele povolena.",
+	"enable_user_signups_description": "Rozhodněte, jak se uživatelé mohou registrovat pro nové účty v Pocket ID.",
 	"user_signups_are_disabled": "Registrace uživatelů jsou v současné době zakázány",
 	"create_signup_token": "Vytvořit registrační token",
 	"view_active_signup_tokens": "Zobrazit aktivní registrační tokeny",
@@ -412,12 +420,25 @@
 	"loading": "Načítání",
 	"delete_signup_token": "Odstranit registrační token",
 	"are_you_sure_you_want_to_delete_this_signup_token": "Jste si jisti, že chcete odstranit tento registrační token? Tuto akci nelze vrátit zpět.",
-	"signup_disabled_description": "Registrace uživatelů jsou kompletně zakázány. Nové uživatelské účty mohou vytvářet pouze správci.",
 	"signup_with_token": "Zaregistrovat se s tokenem",
 	"signup_with_token_description": "Uživatelé se mohou zaregistrovat pouze pomocí platného registračního tokenu který byl vytvořen správcem.",
 	"signup_open": "Otevřená registrace",
 	"signup_open_description": "Kdokoli si může vytvořit nový účet bez omezení.",
 	"of": "z",
 	"skip_passkey_setup": "Přeskočit nastavení přístupového klíče",
-	"skip_passkey_setup_description": "Je důrazně doporučeno nastavit přístupový klíč, bez něho se nebudete moci přihlásit, jakmile aktuální relace vyprší."
+	"skip_passkey_setup_description": "Je důrazně doporučeno nastavit přístupový klíč, bez něho se nebudete moci přihlásit, jakmile aktuální relace vyprší.",
+	"my_apps": "Moje aplikace",
+	"no_apps_available": "Žádné aplikace nejsou k dispozici",
+	"contact_your_administrator_for_app_access": "Kontaktujte svého správce, abyste získali přístup k aplikacím.",
+	"launch": "Spuštění",
+	"client_launch_url": "URL spuštění klienta",
+	"client_launch_url_description": "URL adresa, která se otevře, když uživatel spustí aplikaci ze stránky Moje aplikace.",
+	"client_name_description": "Název klienta, který se zobrazuje v uživatelském rozhraní Pocket ID.",
+	"revoke_access": "Zrušit přístup",
+	"revoke_access_description": "Zrušit přístup k <b>{clientName}</b>. <b>{clientName}</b> už nebude mít přístup k informacím o vašem účtu.",
+	"revoke_access_successful": "Přístup k {clientName} byl úspěšně zrušen.",
+	"last_signed_in_ago": "Naposledy přihlášen {time} před",
+	"invalid_client_id": "ID klienta může obsahovat pouze písmena, číslice, podtržítka a pomlčky.",
+	"custom_client_id_description": "Nastavte vlastní ID klienta, pokud to vyžaduje vaše aplikace. V opačném případě pole nechte prázdné, aby bylo vygenerováno náhodné ID.",
+	"generated": "Vygenerováno"
 }