* MDM Android mobile wiring
* Removes dead code
* Removes static vars
* Now we need to apply MDM in the GetConfig
* You now need to explicitly call these around
* Adds iOS wiring
* Resolve merge conflicts from main
- login.go: keep both new imports (mdm + nbnet + server)
- ios/NetBirdSDK/client.go: additive struct-field merge (mdmLoader + stateMu/connectClient/config)
- setconfig_mdm_test.go: adopt new withMDMPolicy(t, s, policy) signature; fix stray old-signature call in TestSetConfig_MDMAllow_ManagementURLPortNormalized
* Convey MDM overlay config to Debug Bundle output
Aligns to other clients OSes behavior
* Solved conflict in client.go
* Fixup helper withMDMPolicy -> configWithMDM
* Fixup after merge
* Resolve merge conflicts
* [client] Move MDM enforcement logic into a shared Go layer (#7319)
The mobile bridges only carried the policy fetcher, leaving every
enforcement decision to the native apps: the desktop derived its UI
restrictions in the Wails service layer, the daemon kept the conflict
machinery in the server package, and both mobile bridges duplicated the
JSON fetch adapter. Anything the native side had to reimplement was a
place for iOS and Android to drift apart.
Enforcement now lives in client/mdm and is consumed identically by all
three platforms:
- conflicts.go holds the value-aware conflict checks lifted out of the
daemon, so the same normalization (canonical URLs, PSK sentinel echo)
applies wherever a config change is validated.
- restrictions.go derives the UI enforcement snapshot from a policy and
renders it in the JSON shape the desktop frontend already consumes.
The service-layer types become aliases, keeping one source of truth.
- jsonloader.go replaces the adapter that was copy-pasted into both
bridges.
- changedetector.go moves change detection off the native side: the
caller forwards the OS notification and asks whether the managed
configuration actually changed, instead of diffing dictionaries
itself.
The mobile bridges gain the enforcement the daemon already had. The
Preferences getters resolve managed keys from the policy, so a naive UI
shows the enforced value; Commit rejects a staged change that diverges
from a managed key; NewAuth resolves the managed management URL before
persisting the config and overlays the policy on it, so a login can no
longer run against a URL the policy forbids. Android's profile
mutations fail closed when disableProfiles is set.
NewAuth takes the fetcher as a required argument rather than keeping a
policy-blind overload: the apps consume this code as a submodule, so a
compile error at the bump is the point. The mobile PSK getter is
replaced by a presence check — the key has no reason to cross the
bridge, and not returning it means the native side needs no redaction
sentinel of its own.
* [client] Resolve the main merge conflicts in the MDM integration
The merge commit was recorded with the conflict markers still in the
tree. Resolve them so the branch builds again:
- client/ios/NetBirdSDK: keep both the mdm and mobile imports, and keep
the mdmLoader/mdmDetector fields next to main's stateMu documentation.
- client/server/mdm.go: drop the conflict helpers main added locally,
they already live in the client/mdm package on this branch, and keep
the new checks main introduced (allowRemoteJobs, enableLocalMetrics,
localMetricsAddress) as calls into the package-level helpers.
- client/mdm/conflicts.go: add ConflictStringPtr, the presence-aware
string check main needs for the optional localMetricsAddress field.
- Port the two tests main added over the per-Server loader helper and the
configWithMDM helper, both of which replaced the package-level policy
injection this branch removed.
* [client] Reject explicit empty PSK when MDM enforces a pre-shared key
The SetConfig, Login and mobile Commit conflict checks collapsed the PSK
to a plain string, so an explicit empty value was indistinguishable from
an unset field and slipped past the MDM gate, clearing the persisted key.
Carry the optional field as a pointer through ConflictStringPtr, treating
only the redaction sentinel as a no-op echo. ConflictString had no other
callers and is removed.
* [client] Apply MDM overlay on the preloaded iOS config in Run
Run only overlaid the MDM policy when the config was loaded from file,
so the tvOS path fed by SetConfigFromJSON started with unmanaged
settings. Apply the overlay after the config source is selected, as the
other resolution sites already do.
* [client] Gate non-active profile logout behind the MDM profiles switch
The mobile ProfileManager let LogoutProfile clear credentials of any
profile even when disableProfiles was enforced. Follow the daemon's
validateProfileLogout semantics: logging out of the active profile is a
plain logout and stays allowed, logging out of any other profile is
profile management and is rejected under the policy.
* [client] Resolve the managed management URL through the MDM overlay on mobile
NewAuth on Android and iOS replaced the caller URL with the raw policy
value before persisting, so a malformed managed URL failed config
validation and blocked the login instead of being skipped with a warning
like the overlay does. Preferences.GetManagementURL likewise echoed the
raw policy string to the native UI even when the overlay had rejected it.
Follow the daemon: persist the caller URL, overlay the policy on the
resolved config, and report the overlaid ManagementURL as the effective
value.
* [client] Clean up MDM review leftovers
Drop the unused ChangeDetector.Current, point the stale LoadPolicy
comment references at Loader.Load, and move the profileEmail godoc back
above its function.
* [client] Check remote jobs and local metrics keys in the mobile MDM conflict gate
MDMConflicts skipped allowRemoteJobs, enableLocalMetrics and
localMetricsAddress even though the overlay applies all three and the
daemon gate already checks them, so a mobile Commit could persist values
diverging from the enforced policy. Align the list with the daemon.
* [client] Silence the deprecated PreSharedKey lint in the login conflict test
The legacy LoginRequest.PreSharedKey field is deliberately exercised by
the test, matching the nolint already carried by the production path.
* [client] Publish the mobile MDM loader and detector atomically
SetMDMPolicyFetcher wrote the loader and change detector as two plain
fields that Run, the OS-change callback and the restrictions getter read
from other threads without synchronization. Hold both behind a single
atomic pointer so a registration is published as one unit and readers
always observe a matching loader and detector pair; Preferences gets the
same treatment for its loader. Exported signatures are unchanged.
* [client] Report the MDM-overlaid remote jobs value from mobile Preferences
GetRemoteJobsAllowed returned the staged or persisted value even when
the policy manages allowRemoteJobs, so the native settings UI could show
a value the Commit gate would reject. Resolve it through the overlay like
GetManagementURL does.
* [client] Stop persisting the MDM-overlaid config after mobile logins
NewAuth already writes the config through UpdateOrCreateConfig before
the MDM policy is overlaid, and the login itself never mutates the
Config. The post-login WriteOutConfig calls therefore only rewrote the
same file with the enforced ManagementURL and PreSharedKey in it, so a
removed or changed policy kept acting through the persisted values.
* [client] Document that the MDM overlay on Config is not reversible
ApplyMDMPolicy promised that an empty Policy clears a prior overlay, but
applyMDMPolicy only resets the enforcement metadata and the runtime-only
upload URL; the enforced ManagementURL, PreSharedKey and flags stay. Every
lifecycle owner resolves the base Config again before applying, so state
that contract instead of the reversibility that was never implemented.
* [client] Re-resolve the tvOS preloaded config before every MDM overlay
The iOS Client kept the config parsed from SetConfigFromJSON and applied
the MDM overlay onto that same instance on every Run, IsLoginRequired
and DebugBundle, so a key removed from the policy stayed enforced. Store
the JSON instead and parse it per load through one loadConfig path.
Auth serialized the overlaid config from GetConfigJSON, which tvOS then
persisted to UserDefaults and fed back as the preload. Keep the resolved
config as the base, run the login on a JSON round-trip copy with the
overlay, and return the base from GetConfigJSON.
* [client] Serve the MDM-managed management URL without touching the config file on mobile
Preferences.GetManagementURL resolved a managed URL by reading and
overlaying the persisted config, so a corrupt file or the tvOS sandbox
turned an enforced URL into a read error. Return the canonical managed
value directly, the same string BuildRestrictions already hands to the
UI, and only fall back to the staged or persisted value when MDM does
not manage the key.
NewAuth validated the caller-supplied management URL before the overlay
ran, so a malformed or echoed value blocked or persisted under an MDM
policy that already dictates the URL. Ignore the caller value while the
key is managed; the login runs against the overlay either way.
* [client] Align the MDM loader docs with the fetcher precedence and make disableAdvancedView a tristate
NewLoader, PolicyFetcher and the darwin/windows loadPlatform docs claimed
the fetcher is unused on desktop, while every loader returns its values
when one is injected. That precedence is the seam the server tests rely
on across platforms, so the docs now describe it; production desktop
callers still pass nil and keep the registry / plist authoritative.
Fields.DisableAdvancedView collapsed "managed and false" into the same
JSON as "not managed", unlike AllowServerSSH and the daemon's optional
proto field. Carry it as a *bool so the UIs can tell the two apart; the
desktop reflect loop skips pointer fields already, and the mobile
decoders treat null as not managed.
* [client] Clean up MDM review nits
- ResolveConflicts treats a managed key whose ConflictCheck has no Check
as a conflict instead of dereferencing nil.
- Ticker.Run and ChangeDetector.Changed share policyChanged so the diff
semantics and the log line cannot drift apart.
- TestLoader_NilFetcherReturnsEmpty skips on windows/darwin, where a nil
fetcher reads the real registry / plist.
- The profilemanager test loader checks GetInt before GetBool so integer
keys survive the round trip, and the PSK tests use the exported
redaction sentinel.
* [client] Fix int policy values coercing to bool in the MDM test helper
withMDMPolicy rebuilt the policy map by trying GetString, then GetBool,
then GetInt. Policy.GetBool accepts native ints (non-zero means true), so
an int-valued key such as wireguardPort round-tripped through the helper as
the bool true and GetInt was never reached. Try GetInt before GetBool, as
the profilemanager helper already does; GetInt does not coerce bools, so
booleans still fall through to GetBool.
No test sets an int key today, so this was latent: the first test to
exercise the wireguardPort conflict gate would have seen ConflictInt64
report a conflict for every value, including a matching one.
---------
Co-authored-by: Zoltan Papp <zoltan.pmail@gmail.com>
* [client] Close the session-expiration dialog only on an actual session renewal
The dialog auto-closed on any Connected status snapshot, but the daemon
emits Connected periodically regardless of session state, so the warning
popup disappeared on the next snapshot (~30s) with no chance to
re-authenticate. Close only when the snapshot's session deadline jumps
past the one the dialog was opened for, meaning the session was renewed
from another surface (tray action, CLI, main window).
* [client] Compare session renewals against the exact deadline in the expiration dialog
The dialog reconstructed its reference deadline from the relative seconds
URL parameter, which carries up to a second of truncation and mount
latency, forcing a renewal-detection margin wide enough to miss a renewal
made shortly after the previous login. Pass the absolute deadline (unix
ms) from both tray call sites - the extend flow's cached deadline and the
final warning's event metadata - so any forward jump in the snapshot
deadline closes the dialog; the seconds-derived fallback with a small
tolerance remains for an unknown deadline.
* [client] Derive the expiration dialog countdown from the deadline
The per-second decrement assumed the interval fires once a second, but
the webview's timers get suspended for tens of seconds under App Nap /
hidden-window throttling, leaving the displayed countdown behind the
wall clock by the suspended time. Recompute the remaining time from the
absolute deadline on every tick so the first tick after a suspension
shows the correct value.
* [client] Tolerate the warning deadline's second precision in the renewal check
The final-warning metadata formats the deadline as RFC3339 truncated to
whole seconds while the status snapshot keeps millisecond precision, so
an unchanged deadline could appear up to 999 ms newer than the exact URL
value and close the dialog on the first snapshot. Allow a sub-second
tolerance on the exact path; any real renewal jumps by at least seconds.
The main and Settings windows were created at startup and kept alive hidden on close, so an idle tray held two webview processes for surfaces the user may never open. Both are now built on first show and destroyed on close, which takes the idle footprint on macOS from ~160 MB to ~74 MB.
The WindowManager owns creation: it rebuilds the main window on the next show and hands out live pointers, since a stored one goes stale. Every show is deferred until the frontend reports it has rendered, so a freshly created window is never on screen empty, with a timeout so a frontend that never reports cannot strand a window hidden.
* [client] Pass stored email as login hint from UI and keep it on logout
Follow the CLI pattern: the Wails UI now reads the account email from the
user-owned profile state file and passes it as the OIDC login_hint on login
and session extend, since the daemon-side fallback runs as root and cannot
see the user's state file. Logout no longer deletes the stored email, so a
later login preselects the account at the IdP; profile removal remains the
operation that deletes it.
* [client] Log ignored profile lookup errors in extend-session hint fallback
## Describe your changes
Three fixes to how the desktop GUI keeps the account email that backs
the SSO `login_hint`. Each is independent and reviewable on its own.
**1. Store the email after a GUI SSO login**
The daemon returns the authenticated user's email from `WaitSSOLogin`
but cannot persist it: it runs as root while the per-profile state file
is user-owned. The CLI's `handleSSOLogin` writes it after its own
`WaitSSOLogin`; the GUI path read the value and dropped it.
The profile was therefore left with no email, so `Profiles.List` showed
no account for it, and later logins and session extends went out with no
`login_hint` — leaving the IdP to pick an account instead of reusing the
one the profile belongs to. Mirror the CLI and store it, next to the
`Logout` path that already clears the same file for the same reason.
**2. File the email against the profile the login ran for**
`SetActiveProfileState` resolves the target itself, so it writes to
whichever profile is active when it is called. A GUI SSO login spans
seconds of user interaction in the browser, and the tray stays clickable
throughout: switching profiles in that window left the email filed under
the profile that happened to be active when the flow returned. The wrong
profile then advertised an account it does not own, and offered it as
the `login_hint` next time.
Adds `SetProfileState(id, state)`, the write-side counterpart of the
existing `GetProfileState(id)`, and keeps `SetActiveProfileState` as a
wrapper for callers with no particular profile in mind. `Login` now
reports the profile it resolved so the frontend can hand it back with
the SSO wait, which closes the window.
**3. Delete the email when a profile is removed**
Removing a profile left its state file behind: the daemon deletes what
it owns, but the email file is user-owned and out of reach for a root
daemon — the same split that already puts the `Logout` cleanup on the UI
side.
Beyond the stray file, legacy profiles are keyed by name rather than by
a generated ID, so recreating a profile under a removed one's name
inherited its email — shown as the account in the profile list and sent
as the `login_hint` on the next login.
## Issue ticket number and link
## Stack
<!-- branch-stack -->
### Checklist
- [x] Is it a bug fix
- [ ] Is a typo/documentation fix
- [ ] Is a feature enhancement
- [ ] It is a refactor
- [ ] Created tests that fail without the change (if possible)
- [ ] This change does **not** modify the public API, gRPC protocols,
functionality behavior, CLI / service flags, or introduce a new feature
— **OR** I have discussed it with the NetBird team beforehand (link the
issue / Slack thread in the description). See
[CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#discuss-changes-with-the-netbird-team-first).
> By submitting this pull request, you confirm that you have read and
agree to the terms of the [Contributor License
Agreement](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTOR_LICENSE_AGREEMENT.md).
## Documentation
Select exactly one:
- [ ] I added/updated documentation for this change
- [x] Documentation is **not needed** for this change (explain why)
### Docs PR URL (required if "docs added" is checked)
Paste the PR link from https://github.com/netbirdio/docs here:
https://github.com/netbirdio/docs/pull/__
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- SSO login details can now be saved to the specific profile selected
during sign-in.
- Profile state can be managed independently for different profiles.
- **Bug Fixes**
- Removing a profile now also cleans up its associated saved state.
- Cleanup issues no longer prevent successful profile removal and are
handled gracefully.
- Existing active-profile behavior remains unchanged.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
## Describe your changes
`applyAutostartDefault` gated all MDM enforcement behind the one-time
`AutostartInitialized` marker, so MDM `disableAutostart` only affected
fresh installs — a policy pushed after autostart had been enabled could
not
revoke the OS login-item.
The PR adds follow-up MDM enforcements at the top of
the function: if at any time MDM sets `disableAutostart=true` and the OS
registration is
present, force `SetEnabled(false)` to align it.
Trade-off: once the admin lifts the policy, autostart stays off until
the user re-toggles
in Settings — consistent with "MDM always wins" behavior of the other
managed keys.
## Issue ticket number and link
Follow-up to PR https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/pull/6738
(introduced
the `disableAutostart` MDM key with fresh-install-only semantics).
## Stack
<!-- branch-stack -->
### Checklist
- [x] Is it a bug fix
- [ ] Is a typo/documentation fix
- [ ] Is a feature enhancement
- [ ] It is a refactor
- [ ] Created tests that fail without the change (if possible)
> By submitting this pull request, you confirm that you have read and
agree to the terms of the [Contributor License
Agreement](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTOR_LICENSE_AGREEMENT.md).
## Documentation
Select exactly one:
- [x] I added/updated documentation for this change
- [ ] Documentation is **not needed** for this change (explain why)
### Docs PR URL (required if "docs added" is checked)
Paste the PR link from https://github.com/netbirdio/docs here:
<https://github.com/netbirdio/docs/pull/855>
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
- **New Features**
- Added an administrative policy to disable client autostart (“Disable
Autostart”).
- Added support for configuring this policy via macOS MDM, Windows Group
Policy (ADMX/ADML), and registry settings.
- When enforced, the client prevents new autostart registration on fresh
installs and removes existing autostart on the next GUI launch, keeping
it disabled until the policy is lifted.
- **Bug Fixes**
- Improved enforcement logic for managed autostart defaults so policy
state is applied consistently during startup and first-run setup.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
## Describe your changes
## Issue ticket number and link
## Stack
<!-- branch-stack -->
### Checklist
- [x] Is it a bug fix
- [ ] Is a typo/documentation fix
- [ ] Is a feature enhancement
- [ ] It is a refactor
- [ ] Created tests that fail without the change (if possible)
- [ ] This change does **not** modify the public API, gRPC protocols,
functionality behavior, CLI / service flags, or introduce a new feature
— **OR** I have discussed it with the NetBird team beforehand (link the
issue / Slack thread in the description). See
[CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#discuss-changes-with-the-netbird-team-first).
> By submitting this pull request, you confirm that you have read and
agree to the terms of the [Contributor License
Agreement](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTOR_LICENSE_AGREEMENT.md).
## Documentation
Select exactly one:
- [ ] I added/updated documentation for this change
- [x] Documentation is **not needed** for this change (explain why)
### Docs PR URL (required if "docs added" is checked)
Paste the PR link from https://github.com/netbirdio/docs here:
https://github.com/netbirdio/docs/pull/__
<!-- This is an auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai
-->
## Summary by CodeRabbit
* **Bug Fixes**
* SSO browser-login popups now open centered on the display where the
cursor is located, and they recenter correctly on subsequent opens.
* Programmatic cleanup no longer triggers “login canceled” behavior;
cancel is emitted only when the user closes the active popup.
* **New Features**
* Added a streamlined “close renewal flow” action that tears down the
session-renewal UI by closing both the login and session-expiration
popups.
<!-- end of auto-generated comment: release notes by coderabbit.ai -->
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
* [client] Add autostart preference marker and MDM disableAutostart key
Adds the autostartInitialized marker to the Wails UI preferences store so
the one-time autostart default decision can persist per OS user, and a
UI-only disableAutostart MDM policy key that suppresses the default and
flows into GetConfigResponse.mDMManagedFields like disableAutoConnect.
* [client] Enable launch-on-login by default on fresh GUI installs
On the first interactive run the GUI persists the autostartInitialized
marker before any enable attempt, then enables autostart only when the
platform supports it, MDM policy does not disable it, the process was not
relaunched by an installer/updater (--post-update), and the installer's
fresh-install breadcrumb is present. Upgrading users have no breadcrumb,
so an update can never write login items, and a user's disable in
Settings is never overridden.
* [release] Write fresh-install breadcrumb from installers
Installers write a .fresh-install breadcrumb on fresh installs only and
delete stale breadcrumbs on upgrade; none of them writes login items or
registry Run keys. Windows NSIS detects upgrades via the uninstall
registry entry or an existing installed executable; the macOS pkg via the
previous pkgutil receipt; Linux deb/rpm via the standard postinstall
arguments. Post-update GUI relaunches (macOS open, Linux
ui-post-install.sh) pass --post-update so the first-run autostart default
cannot fire on updates.
* Revert installer breadcrumb changes
The real Windows installer does uninstall-then-install and deletes
$INSTDIR, so a breadcrumb written there cannot survive or discriminate
a fresh install from an upgrade. Restore the three installer files to
their main versions; no installer or updater writes an autostart entry.
* Detect fresh install from NetBird footprint instead of installer breadcrumb
Replace the installer-written breadcrumb discriminator with a GUI-side
check. netbirdFootprintExists inspects the daemon config/state files
(default.json, legacy config.json, state.json) under profilemanager's
default config dir; combined with whether the UI preferences file already
existed, this tells a genuinely fresh machine from an existing or
upgrading user. Only the signed GUI, via Wails, ever enables
launch-on-login, and a user's later manual disable is never overridden.
The preferences store now exposes ExistedAtLoad and the --post-update
flag is dropped.
* Update tests for footprint-based autostart default
Table tests for shouldEnableAutostartDefault now cover supported,
mdmDisabled, and priorInstall guards plus precedence; breadcrumb and
post-update cases are removed. Add a store test asserting ExistedAtLoad
is false with no file and true after persisting and reopening.
* [client] Bring the connection up in Go after SSO login
The post-login Up ran as a frontend promise continuation after WaitSSOLogin
resolved. During SSO the tray window is hidden and the webview is suspended
(macOS App Nap / hidden-window timer throttling), so that continuation didn't
run until the user woke the window (e.g. hovering the tray icon), leaving the
client not connected for a long time. Combine WaitSSOLogin and Up in a single
Go method so the daemon connects the moment SSO completes, independent of
webview state. The frontend no longer issues a separate Up on the SSO path.
* [client] unexport waitSSOLogin and move below exported methods
Users reported long delays between finishing browser authentication and
the client connecting. Logs could not attribute the time: the PKCE and
device flows were silent between issuing the auth URL and returning the
token, and nothing recorded when the GUI issued the Up request after
WaitSSOLogin completed.
Add log lines covering the full chain: PKCE callback arrival and token
exchange duration, device-flow polling and approval timing, GUI-side
brackets around WaitSSOLogin and Up, daemon-side Up arrival and
WaitSSOLogin return, and a frontend stall detector that reports when
webview timers were suspended (macOS App Nap / hidden-window
throttling), which delays the WaitSSOLogin-to-Up handoff.
- **Wails v3 application** (`client/ui`) with a React + TypeScript + Tailwind frontend replacing the Fyne UI: main connection view, exit-node switcher, networks/peers browser with detail panels, profile management, settings (general, network, SSH, security, troubleshooting, appearance), debug-bundle creation, and a first-run welcome flow.
- **Internationalization**: go-i18n bundle with 9 locales (en, de, es, fr, hu, it, pt, ru, zh-CN) shared between the tray and the frontend.
- **New system tray** implementation with per-platform theme-aware icons, including a native XEmbed host for Linux (`xembed_tray_linux.c`) and a Linux theme watcher.
- **Session handling**: auth session watcher (`client/internal/auth/sessionwatch`), pending login flow, session-expiration dialog and tray notifications, and `netbird login` improvements.
- **Daemon API extensions** (`daemon.proto`): status stream subscription, event stream, networks/exit-node selection endpoints, and richer full status — with probe throttling on the daemon side to protect against UI-driven request storms.
- **UI preferences store** persisted per profile, autostart management via the daemon (single source of truth in HKCU on Windows).
- **Build system**: Taskfile-based builds per platform (macOS, Linux, Windows), Docker cross-compilation images, MSIX/NSIS/nfpm/AppImage packaging, and a new `frontend-ui` CI workflow.
Co-authored-by: Zoltan Papp <zoltan.pmail@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Eduard Gert <kontakt@eduardgert.de>
Co-authored-by: braginini <bangvalo@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pascal Fischer <32096965+pascal-fischer@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: riccardom <riccardomanfrin@gmail.com>
Viktor Liu
